Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes

I. Define:-
1. Axis
Axis is an imaginary line that joins the North Pole and the South Pole. The Earth
rotates on its axis from west to east.

2. Equator
Equator is an imaginary line that divides the earth into two halves / hemispheres –
the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres.

II. Differentiate between latitudes and longitudes:-

LATITUDES LONGITUDES
The Equator represents the 0° The Prime Meridian represents the 0°
1.
latitude. longitude.
2. They are 181 in number. They are 360 in number.
3. They represent the climatic zones. They represent the time zones.
They are parallel to each other. They are not parallel to each other. They
4.
converge at the poles.
They are horizontal lines running They are vertical lines running from north
5.
from west to east. to south.

…..Contd.
III. Answer the following:-
1. Name the three heat zones. Why does the Torrid Zone receive maximum amount
of heat?

Torrid / Tropic Zone, Temperate Zone and Frigid / Polar Zone are the three heat zones.

✓ The Torrid Zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
✓ The mid-day sun is exactly overhead at least once a year on all the latitudes in this
zone.
✓ This area thus receives the maximum amount of heat.

IV. Give reasons:-

1. When it is 7:30 p.m. in India, it would be 2:00 p.m. in London.

✓ India is located at 82 ½ ° E longitude, which is to the east of the Prime Meridian.

✓ Hence, India is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
✓ So, when it is 7:30 pm in India, it would be 2:00 PM in London.

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