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Factoring and Commutative Review
Factoring and Commutative Review
Factoring and Commutative Review
Do
Cumulative
review
2. Match each number in Column I with the choice or choices of sets of numbers in Column II
I II
Evaluate.
3. 9 # 4 - 16 , 4
1 2 1 3
4. a b - a b 5. - 0 8 - 13 0 - 0 -4 0 + 0 -9 0
3 2
Solve.
11. 0 3x - 1 0 = 2 12. 0 3z + 1 0 Ú 7
13. A survey polled Internet users age 12 and older about the Internet activities they engaged
in daily. Complete the results shown in the table if 5000 such users were surveyed.
Data from the 2017 Center for the Digital Future report.
(6x + 10)°
(x + 15)° (x – 5)°
15. Through 1 -4, 52 and 12, -32 16. Through 14, 52; horizontal
Write an equation of each line that satisfies the given conditions. Give the equation (a) in
22. Per capita consumption of whole milk in the United States (in gallons) is shown in the
Number of Gallons
(0, 25.3)
Interpret the answer. 25
gallons). x
0 10 20 30 40 50
2x + 3y = 12 -6x + 4y = 7 2x - y + z = 1
x + 2y + 2 z = -1
during the War of 1812 had a perimeter of 144 ft. Its length
29. Agbe needs 9 L of a 20% solution of alcohol. Agbe has a 15% solution on hand, as well
as a 30% solution. How many liters of the 15% solution and how many liters of the 30%
x -6y 3 z-1
30. Simplify 1x, y, z ≠ 02. Write the answer with only positive exponents.
x7y -4 z
4x2y m-1
It is not too soon to begin preparing for your final exam. Review Study Skill 10,
FOR
Video solutions for select Concept Check Choose the letter of the correct response.
3. Concept Check A student factored the 4. Concept Check A student factored the
following polynomial as shown. following polynomial as shown.
= 2t 1w2 - 82 + 51w2 - 82 The teacher did not give the student full
The teacher did not give the student full credit. WHAT WENT WRONG? Give the
correct answer.
Concept Check Find the greatest common factor for each list of terms.
31. 14a3b2 + 7a2b - 21a5b3 + 42ab4 32. 12km3 - 24k 3m2 + 36k 2m4 - 60k 4m3
2. Which is the completely factored form of the trinomial 2x6 - 5x5 - 3x4?
5. Concept Check When a student was 6. Concept Check When asked to factor
given the polynomial 4x2 + 2x - 20 to x2y 2 - 6x2 + 5y 2 - 30, a student gave the
factor completely on a test, the student following incorrect answer.
O
7. x2 + 8x + 15 8. y 2 + 11y + 18 9. m2 - 10m + 21
O13. x2 + ax - 6a2
= 1x + 3a21_____2
14. m2 - 3mn - 10n2
= 1m + 2n21_____2 O
15. 4x2 - 4x - 3
= 12x + 121_____2
16. 6 z2 - 11z + 4
= 13 z - 421_____2 O 17. 12u2 + 10uv + 2v 2
= 213u + v21_____2
18. 16p2 - 4pq - 2q2
= 212p - q21_____2
O O
O
22. k 2 - 11k + 30 23. m2 - 11m + 60 24. p - 12p - 27
2
O
25. a2 - 2ab - 35b2 26. z2 + 8zw + 15w2 27. a2 - 9ab + 18b2
46. 36x2 + 18x - 4 47. -15a2 - 70a + 120 48. -12a2 - 10a + 42
8
O
O O
g
FOR
5.3 Exercises EXTRA
HELP
MyLab Math
Video solutions for select Concept Check Choose the letter(s) of the correct response.
G
problems available in MyLab
1. Which of the following binomials are differences of squares?
Math
A. 64 - k 2 B. 2x2 - 25 C. k 2 + 9 D. 4z4 - 49
2. Which of the following binomials are sums or differences of cubes?
A. 64 + r 3 B. 125 - p6 C. 9x3 + 125 D. 1x + y2 3 - 1
3. Which of the following trinomials are perfect squares?
A. x2 - 8x - 16 B. 4m2 + 20m + 25
g
C. 9z4 + 30 z2 + 25 D. 25p2 - 45p + 81
4. Which sum of squares can be factored? Factor it.
A. x2 + 100 B. 9m2 + 25 C. t 2 + 16 D. 4x2 + 64
5. Concept Check A student incorrectly 6. Concept Check A student incorrectly
factored factored
x2 + 4 as 1x + 22 2. x3 + 8 as 1x + 22 3.
WHAT WENT WRONG? Explain this error. WHAT WENT WRONG? Explain this error.
O
7. p2 - 16 8. k 2 - 9
o 9. 25x2 - 4
10. 36m2 - 25
14. 243x4 - 3t 4
12. 32c2 - 98d 2
15. 1y + z2 2 - 81
8 0
8
16. 1h + k2 2 - 9 17. 16 - 1x + 3y2 2 18. 64 - 1r + 2t2 2
O
25. 16m2 - 8m + 1 - n 2 26. 25c2 - 20c + 4 - d 2 27. 4r 2 - 12r + 9 - s 2
O
58. 1p - q2 3 + 125 59. m6 - 125 60. x6 - 216
362 CHAPTER 5 Factoring
O
61. 27 - 1000x9 62. 64 - 729p9
O 63. 125y 6 + z3
64. 64y 9 + z6
O 65. 125k - 64k 4 66. 216k 2 + 125k 5
Extending Skills In some cases, the method of factoring by grouping can be combined with
the methods of special factoring discussed in this section. Consider this example.
In problems such as this, how we choose to group in the first step is essential to factoring
correctly. If we reach a “dead end,” then we should group differently and try again.
Use the method just described to factor each polynomial.
67. 125p3 + 25p2 + 8q3 - 4q 2 68. 27x3 + 9x2 + y 3 - y 2
88 71. 8t 4 - 24t 3 + t - 3
O
75. Factor x6 - y 6 by first factoring as a difference of squares. Then factor further by
considering one of the factors as a sum of cubes and the other factor as a difference
of cubes.
O
76. Based on the answer in Exercise 75, fill in the blank with the correct factors so that
x6 - y 6 is factored completely.
x6 - y 6 = 1x - y21x + y2 __________________
g
77. Factor x6 - y 6 by first factoring as a difference of cubes. Then factor further by
considering one of the factors as a difference of squares.
78. Based on the answer in Exercise 77, fill in the blank with the correct factor so that
x6 - y 6 is factored.
x6 - y 6 = 1x - y21x + y2 __________________
O
79. Notice that the factor written in the blank in Exercise 78 is a fourth-degree
polynomial, while the two factors written in the blank in Exercise 76 are both
second-degree polynomials. What must be true about the product of the two factors
written in the blank in Exercise 76? Verify this.
o
80. If we have a choice of factoring as a difference of squares or a difference of cubes,
how should we start to more easily obtain the completely factored form of the
polynomial? Base the answer on the results in Exercises 75–79.