BGP Principles and Configurations

Foreword
 Autonomous System (AS) is introduced into the Exterior Gateway

BGP Principles and Protocol (EGP). An AS is a set of routers under a single technical
Configurations administration and using the same routing policies.
 The Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) is used within an AS to calculate

and discover routes. Routers within the same AS trust each other, so
www.huawei.com
IGP route calculation and information flooding are completely open
and require little manual intervention.
 Inter-AS connection requirements promote the development of EGP.

BGP is an EGP and used to control routes and select optimal routes
between ASs.
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 1
Objectives Contents
 Upon completion of this section, you will be able to: 1. BGP Overview
 Understand BGP principles 2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration
 Master BGP attributes and applications
3. BGP Route Generation Modes
4. BGP Route Advertisement Rules
5. Common BGP Attributes
6. BGP Route Selection Rules
7. BGP Aggregation
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2 Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3
1
Basic BGP Functions BGP Characteristics
AS 65000 AS 65001 AS 65002
AS 65001
BGP
IGP
IGP
BGP
AS 65002 AS 65003
BGP AS 65003
BGP BGP
 IGPs, such as OSPF, IS-IS, and RIP, are used within an AS to calculate and discover routes.  In the figure, two BGP routers can establish a neighbor relationship across multiple routers.
 BGP is used between ASs to transmit and control routes.  To implement on-demand route control and selection, various BGP attributes are designed and carried
in routes.
Contents BGP Neighbor Type - EBGP and IBGP

1. BGP Overview AS 200 AS 300 AS 200 AS 300
2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration RTD RTE RTD RTE

EBGP EBGP EBGP EBGP
IBGP
RTB RTC RTB RTC
RTA RTA
7. BGP Aggregation AS 100 OSPF AS 100 OSPF
 BGP routers in different ASs establish EBGP  BGP routers in the same AS establish
neighbor relationships. IBGP neighbor relationships.
2
BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment BGP Neighbor Relationship Configuration
1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2
AS 200 AS 300 router id 5.5.5.5
RTA RTB bgp 300
peer 10.1.35.3 as-number 100
Idle Idle RTD RTE
Connect TCP SYN Connect
4.4.4.4 5.5.5.5
.4 .5
TCP ACK+SYN
EBGP EBGP
TCP ACK 10.1.24.0/24 10.1.35.0/24 router id 3.3.3.3
.2 .3 bgp 100
OpenSent peer 10.1.35.5 as-number 300
Open message IBGP
RTB RTC
OpenSent Optimization
Open message 2.2.2.2 3.3.3.3
OpenComfirm .2 RTA .3 router id 3.3.3.3
Keepalive message OpenComfirm 10.1.12.0/24 10.1.13.0/24 bgp 100
.1 .1 peer 10.1.35.5 as-number 300
Established peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 100
Keepalive message AS 100 OSPF Peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface
1.1.1.1 loopback 0
Established
Update, Keepalive, Route-refresh, Notification  Directly connected interface IP addresses are often used to establish EBGP neighbor relationships,
and loopback interface IP addresses are often used to establish IBGP neighbor relationships.
Contents BGP Route Generation Mode - Network

router id 3.3.3.3
bgp 200
1. BGP Overview peer 10.1.23.2 as-number 100
RTC
3.3.3.3
2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration router id 2.2.2.2
.3 AS 200 bgp 100
3. BGP Route Generation Modes EBGP
ipv4-family unicast
network 10.1.12.0 255.255.255.0
10.1.23.0/24 network 100.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
4. BGP Route Advertisement Rules .2
network 100.0.1.0 255.255.255.0
5. Common BGP Attributes AS 100

.2 100.0.0.0/24
RTB 100.0.1.0/24
6. BGP Route Selection Rules 2.2.2.2
7. BGP Aggregation OSPF .1

Area 0 1.1.1.1 RTA
 The network command imports existing routes in an IP routing table into a BGP
routing table one by one.
3
BGP Route Generation Mode - Network BGP Route Generation Mode - Import
<RTC>display bgp routing-table router id 3.3.3.3
bgp 200
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn peer 10.1.23.2 as-number 100
RTC *> 10.1.12.0/24 10.1.23.2 0 0 100i RTC
*> 100.0.0.0/24 10.1.23.2 0 0 100i
3.3.3.3 *> 100.0.1.0/24 10.1.23.2 1 0 100i 3.3.3.3 router id 2.2.2.2
.3 AS 200 bgp 100
.3 AS 200 peer 10.1.23.3 as-number 200
<RTB>display ip routing-table ipv4-family unicast
EBGP
EBGP Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
import-route direct route-policy import
10.1.23.0/24 import-route static route-policy import
10.1.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.1.23.0/24 100.0.0.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 .2 import-route ospf 1 route-policy import
100.0.1.0/24 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 #
.2 route-policy import permit node 10
AS 100 if-match ip-prefix import
AS 100 .2 100.0.0.0/24 #
100.0.0.0/24 RTB 100.0.1.0/24 ip ip-prefix import index 10 permit 10.1.12.0 24
.2 2.2.2.2 ip ip-prefix import index 20 permit 100.0.0.0 24
RTB 100.0.1.0/24
ip ip-prefix import index 30 permit 100.0.1.0 24
2.2.2.2
OSPF .1
OSPF .1 Area 0 1.1.1.1 RTA
Area 0 1.1.1.1 RTA  The import command imports routes into a BGP routing table based on the running routing protocol (RIP,
 Run the display command on RTC to check whether it learns routes advertised by BGP. OSPF, or IS-IS). This command can also import directly connected routes and static routes.
BGP Route Generation Mode - Import Contents

<RTC>display bgp routing-table
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn

1. BGP Overview
RTC *> 10.1.12.0/24 10.1.23.2 0 0 100?
3.3.3.3 *> 100.0.0.0/24 10.1.23.2 0 0 100?
*> 100.0.1.0/24 10.1.23.2 1 0 100? 2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration
.3 AS 200
<RTB>display ip routing-table
EBGP Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.23.0/24 10.1.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
100.0.0.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 4. BGP Route Advertisement Rules
.2 100.0.1.0/24 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
AS 100 5. Common BGP Attributes

100.0.0.0/24
.2 100.0.1.0/24
RTB 6. BGP Route Selection Rules
2.2.2.2
OSPF
7. BGP Aggregation
.1
Area 0 1.1.1.1 RTA
 Run the display command on RTC to check whether it learns routes imported into BGP.
4
BGP Route Advertisement Rule 1: BGP Route Advertisement Rule 2:
Advertise Only the Optimal Route to Advertise the Optimal Route Obtained
Neighbors Through EBGP to All BGP Neighbors
<RTD>display bgp routing-table
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn <RTC>display bgp routing-table
*>i 100.0.0.0/24 10.1.12.1 0 100 0 100i
*i 10.1.13.1 0 100 0 100i Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
*> 200.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 i *>i 100.0.0.0/24 10.1.12.1 0 100 0 100i
OSPF RTA RTB RTC

100.0.0.0/24 10.1.12.0/24 10.1.23.0/24
RTA RTB RTD RTE EBGP IBGP

100.0.0.0/24
10.1.45.0/24
AS 100 AS 200
EBGP 10.1.24.0/24
EBGP
AS 100 RTC AS 300 RTD
200.0.0.0/24
AS 300
AS 200
<RTD>display bgp routing-table
<RTE>display bgp routing-table
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
*> 100.0.0.0/24 10.1.45.4 0 200 100i *> 100.0.0.0/24 10.1.24.2 0 200 100i
*> 200.0.0.0 10.1.45.4 0 0 200i
BGP Route Advertisement Rule 3: Do Not

BGP Route Advertisement Rule 4:
Advertise the Optimal Route Obtained
Synchronize BGP and IGP
Through IBGP to Other IBGP Neighbors My routing table does not have the route to
<RTB>display bgp routing-table 100.0.0.0
BGP local router ID : 2.2.2.2
100.0.0.0/24 and I don’t know how to reach
Local AS number : 100 100.0.0.0/24 so I discard packets with an
Paths: 1 available, 1 best, 1 select unreachable destination address
BGP routing table entry information of 100.0.0.0/24:
From: 10.1.12.1 (1.1.1.1)
Route Duration: 00h01m39s
Relay IP Nexthop: 0.0.0.0 OSPF AS 200
Relay IP Out-Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/0
Original nexthop: 10.1.12.1
Qos information : 0x0
AS_Path Nil, origin igp, MED 0, localpref 100, pref-val 0, valid, internal, best, select, active, pre 255
Not advertised to any peer yet RTC
RTB RTD
RTB
AS 100
IBGP
EBGP EBGP
100.0.0.0/24
IBGP
RTA
10.1.13.0/24
RTA RTC 100.0.0.0/24 RTE
<RTC>display bgp routing-table AS 100 AS 300
*>i 100.0.0.0/24 10.1.13.1 0 100 0 i
5
BGP Route Advertisement Principles IBGP Full Mesh
 Routes learned from internal peers will not be advertised to other  IBGP logical full mesh, routers within an AS may need to
internal peers. maintain many IBGP sessions.
 Route Reflector
 Confederation
192.168.1.0/24 RTA RTB

Update Update
IBGP RTA RTB
AS 12
RTE IBGP
Update
AS 12 AS 42 AS 14 R-12
EBGP
R-14
EBGP
AS 42
RTC RTD RTF
AS 14
RTC RTD
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page20 20
Page Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page21 Page 21
Contents Various BGP Attributes

1. BGP Overview
Well-known Mandatory Well-known Discretionary
2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration

Origin Local_Pref
3. BGP Route Generation Modes AS_Path Atomic_aggregate
Next_hop

Optional Transitive Optional Non-transitive
Aggregator MED
7. BGP Aggregation Community ……
6
BGP Attribute - Origin BGP Attribute - AS_Path
AS 100 2.2.2.2 OSPF RTB RTE
EBGP 100.0.0.0/24
EBGP
200.0.0.0/24 RTA
RTB EBGP AS 2 AS 4
RTA
1.1.1.1 EBGP EBGP
1.1.1.1 4.4.4.4
EBGP
3.3.3.3 RTD
AS 1
EBGP EBGP
RTC RTD
RTC AS 200  In the figure: AS 3 AS 5
<RTA>display bgp routing-table  RTA in AS 1 can learn the route 100.0.0.0/24 from RTB and RTC. How does RTA select
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn the optimal route?
*> 200.0.0.0 10.1.12.2 1 0 200i
* 10.1.13.3 1 0 200?  There are topology loops among RTA, RTB, and RTC, and among RTB, RTC, RTD, and
 The Origin attribute defines the origin of a route and how it RTE. Therefore, routing loops may occur during BGP route transmission. How does
becomes a BGP route. BGP prevent loops?
BGP Attribute - Next_hop Next Hop with IBGP

 By default routes learned from external peers retain the next hop
2.2.2.2 OSPF RTC OSPF of that external peer when advertised to internal peers
3.3.3.3
EBGP
bgp 65000
RTB peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 65000
peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local
IBGP IBGP
200.0.0.0/24
AS65000
100.0.0.0/24
1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2 20.0.0.1
20.0.0.2
RTA RTD RTB 192.168.1.0/24
1.1.1.1 4.4.4.4 RTA
AS 100 AS 200 RTC AS65001
 In the figure:
IBGP
 When RTA advertises the network segment 100.0.0.0/24 to RTB, what is the Next_hop IP address?
EBGP
 When RTB advertises the network segment 100.0.0.0/24 to RTC, what is the Next_hop IP address? AS65002
Physical Connection
 When RTA learns from RTB the network segment 200.0.0.0/24 advertised by RTC, what is the Next_hop IP address?
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 26 Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page27 27
Page
7
BGP Attribute - Local_Preference BGP Attribute - MED
2.2.2.2 RTA RTB RTD OSPF

OSPF 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2 4.4.4.4
100M
200.0.0.0/24 100.0.0.0/24
EBGP EBGP
RTA RTB
RTD
1.1.1.1 4.4.4.4
AS 100
IBGP OSPF 6.6.6.6
3.3.3.3 RTF
EBGP
50M
AS 100 AS 200 3.3.3.3 5.5.5.5
RTC RTC RTE
AS 200 AS 300
 The Local_Pref attribute is valid only between IBGP neighbors and not  The Multi-Exit-Discriminator (MED) attribute is transmitted only between two
advertised to other ASs. This attribute indicates the BGP preference of a neighboring ASs. An AS that receives this attribute does not advertise it to any
router and determines the optimal route for traffic leaving an AS. other ASs. It determines the optimal route for traffic entering an AS.
BGP Attribute - Community Contents
RTA
1. BGP Overview
AS 10 1.1.1.1
2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration
RTC RTD
10.1.10.0/24 3.3.3.3 4.4.4.4 3. BGP Route Generation Modes
EBGP EBGP
Community 10:12
AS 11 RTB EBGP 4. BGP Route Advertisement Rules

2.2.2.2 AS 12 AS 13
10.1.11.0/24
Community 11:12
 The Community attribute has two functions: 7. BGP Aggregation

 Limits the route advertisement range.
 Marks routes so that routes meeting the same conditions are handled in a unified manner.
8
Example for Configuring a BGP Routing
BGP Route Selection Rules
Policy
 After a BGP router advertises a route to neighbors, each neighbor selects the optimal route:
 If this route is the only route to the destination, the neighbor selects it as the optimal route. RTB RTE
 If there are multiple routes to the same destination, the neighbor selects the route with the highest priority as the optimal
OSPF 2.2.2.2 5.5.5.5 OSPF
route.
 If there are multiple routes that are destined for the same destination and have the same priority, the neighbor compares 200.0.0.0/24
attributes of these routes to select the optimal route. (Community 300:200)
 Generally, a BGP router compares the following attributes in sequence to select the optimal route: RTA RTD
1.1.1.1 4.4.4.4
 Discards routes with unreachable next hops.
IBGP
IBGP
 Prefers the route with the largest PrefVal value. The PrefVal attribute is a Huawei proprietary attribute and is valid only on the RTG
device where it is configured. 7.7.7.7
 Prefers the route with the highest Local_Pref.
 Prefers the following routes in descending order of priority: manually aggregated route, automatically aggregated route, route
imported using the network command, route imported using the import command, and route learned from peers. 100.0.0.0/24
 Prefers the route with the shortest AS_Path. (Community 300:100)
 Prefers the route with the Origin attribute IGP, EGP, and Incomplete in sequence.
Prefers the route with the smallest MED if routes are received from the same AS. RTC RTF

AS 100 3.3.3.3 AS 200 6.6.6.6
AS 300
 Prefers an EBGP route to an IBGP route.
 Prefers the route with the smallest IGP metric within an AS.  AS 300 has two user network segments. When users in AS 100 access the two network
 Prefers the route with the shortest Cluster_List.
segments, traffic needs to be load balanced between RTB and RTC. When users in AS 200
 Prefers the route with the smallest Originator_ID.
 Prefers the route advertised by the router with the smallest Router_ID. access the two network segments, traffic needs to be load balanced between RTE and RTF.
 Prefers the route learned from the neighbor with the lowest IP address.
Contents Topology AS65007
RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
1. BGP Overview AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
.5
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
.1
3. BGP Route Generation Modes 223.2.3.4/30
223.2.3.0/30
4. BGP Route Advertisement Rules EBGP
AS65009
.6
5. Common BGP Attributes .2
IBGP
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
RTC
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
6. BGP Route Selection Rules Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 .5
200.3.3.4/30
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 .6
7. BGP Aggregation RTD
Page35
9
sysname RTB
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
BGP Tables - RTB #
ip address 223.2.3.1 255.255.255.252
AS65007
BGP Tables - RTA AS65007
interface LoopBack0
ip address 200.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
# RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
interface LoopBack1
AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24 AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
ip address 200.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
.5 # .5
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24 bgp 65008 RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 router-id 200.1.2.1 Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
peer 223.2.3.2 as-number 65009 BGP Local router ID is 200.1.0.1
# Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
BGP Local router
.1 ID is 200.1.2.1 .1
ipv4-family unicast h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? -223.2.3.4/30
incomplete
h - history, i - internal, s -223.2.3.4/30
suppressed, S - Stale undo synchronization
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete network 200.1.2.0
223.2.3.0/30 network 200.1.3.0 223.2.3.0/30
peer 223.2.3.2 enable Total Number of Routes: 11
EBGP EBGP
Total Number of Routes: 11 AS65009 AS65009
.2 .6 *> 200.1.0.0 .6
.2 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
IBGP *> 200.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 IBGP 0 0 i
*> 200.1.0.0 223.2.3.2 0 65009 65007i
*> 200.1.1.0 223.2.3.2 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
0 65009 65007i
*> 200.1.2.0 223.2.3.6 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
0 65009 65008i
RTC *> 200.1.3.0 RTC 223.2.3.6 0 65009 65008i
*> 200.1.2.0 0.0.0.0 0 Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
0 i
*> 200.3.3.0/32
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
*> Lo0 200.3.3.0/32
200.1.3.0 0.0.0.0 .5 200.3.3.4/30
0 0 i Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 223.2.3.6
.5
0
200.3.3.4/30 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.1/32 223.2.3.6 0 0 65009?
*> Lo1 200.3.3.1/32
200.3.3.0/32 223.2.3.2 0 0 65009? Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 223.2.3.6
*> 200.3.3.1/32 223.2.3.2 0 .6 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.2/32 1 .6 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.3/32 223.2.3.6 1 0 65009?
RTD
0 RTD
*> 200.3.3.2/32 223.2.3.2 1 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.4/30 223.2.3.6 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.3/32 223.2.3.2 1 0 65009?
*> 223.2.3.0/30 223.2.3.6 0 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.4/30 223.2.3.2 0 0 65009?
223.2.3.4/30 223.2.3.6 0 0 65009?
223.2.3.0/30 223.2.3.2 0 0 65009?
*> 223.2.3.4/30 223.2.3.2 0 0 65009?
Page36 Page37
sysname RTC
#
interface Ethernet2/0/0
BGP Tables - RTC #

ip address 200.3.3.5 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
BGP Tables - RTD
ip address 223.2.3.6 255.255.255.252
BGP Local router ID is 200.3.3.0 #
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 BGP Local router ID is 200.3.3.2
................................................
ip address 223.2.3.2 255.255.255.252 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
Total Number of Routes: 19 AS65007 AS65007
# h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn interface LoopBack0 Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
*> 200.1.0.0 223.2.3.5 0 0 65007i ip address 200.3.3.0 255.255.255.255
RTA RTA
*> 200.1.1.0 223.2.3.5 0 0 65007iLo0-200.1.0.1/24
# Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
*> 200.1.2.0 223.2.3.1
AS65008 0 0 65008iLo1-200.1.1.1/24
interface LoopBack1 AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
Total Number of Routes: 14
*> 200.1.3.0 223.2.3.1 0 0 65008i ip address 200.3.3.1 255.255.255.255
#
*> 200.3.3.0/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 .5 ? .5
*> RTB
200.3.3.1/32 Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
0.0.0.0 0 0 ? bgp 65009 RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
router-id 200.3.3.0 *>i 200.1.0.0 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 65007i
*> 200.3.3.2/32 Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
0.0.0.0 1 0 ?
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
*>i 200.1.1.0 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 65007i
i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
peer 200.3.3.2 connect-interface LoopBack0 *>i 200.1.2.0 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 65008i
*> 200.3.3.3/32.1 0.0.0.0 1 0 ? .1
peer 223.2.3.1 as-number 65008 *>i 200.1.3.0 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 65008i
* i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i peer 223.2.3.5 as-number 65007
223.2.3.4/30 i 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.0 0 223.2.3.4/30
100 0 ?
*> 200.3.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? # *>i 200.3.3.1/32 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 ?
* i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i ipv4-family unicast
*> 223.2.3.0/30
200.3.3.5/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? undo synchronization
*> 223.2.3.0/30
200.3.3.2/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
* i 200.3.3.0 1 100 0 ?
*> 223.2.3.0/30EBGP 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? import-route direct EBGP
*> 200.3.3.3/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
*> 223.2.3.2/32 0.0.0.0 0 AS65009 0 ? import-route ospf 1 AS65009
peer 200.3.3.2 enable * i 200.3.3.0 1 100 0 ?
*> 223.2.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
.6 *> 200.3.3.4/30 .6
0.0.0.0 0 0 i
*> 223.2.3.6/32 0.0.0.0.2 0 0 ? peer 200.3.3.2 next-hop-local .2
IBGP peer 223.2.3.1 enable * i 200.3.3.0IBGP 0 100 0 ?
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32 peer 223.2.3.5 enable *>i 223.2.3.0/30 200.3.3.0 0 Lo0
100 200.3.3.2/32
0 ?
RTC # RTC
*>i 223.2.3.4/30 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 ?
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32 ospf 1 Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30 Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30
.5 area 0.0.0.0 .5
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 .6 network 200.3.3.5 0.0.0.0 Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 .6
network 200.3.3.0 0.0.0.0
RTD network 200.3.3.1 0.0.0.0 RTD
Page38 Page39
10
Auto-summary Configuration BGP Tables - RTC
BGP Local router ID is 200.3.3.0
AS65007 ................................................
AS65007
RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24 *> 200.1.0.0 223.2.3.5 0 0 65007i
AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24 *> 200.1.1.0 223.2.3.5 0 RTA 0 65007i
*> 200.1.2.0 223.2.3.1 0 0 Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
65008i
.5 *> AS65008
200.1.3.0 223.2.3.1 0 0 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
65008i
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24 *> 200.3.3.0 127.0.0.1 0 ?
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 s> 200.3.3.0/32 0.0.0.0 0 .5 0 ?
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
s> 200.3.3.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
.1 s> Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
200.3.3.2/32 0.0.0.0 1 0 ?
[RTC]bgp 65009 i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
223.2.3.4/30 s> .1
200.3.3.3/32 0.0.0.0 1 0 ?
[RTC-bgp]summary automatic * i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
223.2.3.0/30 s> 200.3.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0
223.2.3.4/30 0 ?
EBGP * i 223.2.3.0/30 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
AS65009 *> 200.3.3.5/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
*> EBGP
223.2.3.0 127.0.0.1 0 ?
.2 .6 AS65009
s> 223.2.3.0/30 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
IBGP *> 223.2.3.2/32 .6
0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32 s> 223.2.3.4/30
.2 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
RTC IBGP
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32 *> 223.2.3.6/32 0.0.0.0 0 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
0 ?
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30 RTC
.5 Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 .6 Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30
.5
RTD Lo1 200.3.3.1/32
.6
RTD
Page40 Page41
BGP Tables - RTB AS65007

RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24 RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24

AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24 AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
.5 .5
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24 RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 BGP Local routerLo1-200.1.3.1/24
ID is 200.1.0.1
.1 .1 h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
BGP Local router ID is 200.1.2.1 223.2.3.4/30 Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ?223.2.3.4/30
- incomplete
223.2.3.0/30
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale 223.2.3.0/30
EBGP
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Total Number
EBGP of Routes: 6
AS65009 Network NextHop MED
AS65009 LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
.2 6 .6 .2 .6
Total Number of Routes: *> 200.1.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
Network NextHop IBGP MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn IBGP
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32 *> 200.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 0 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
0 i
RTC *> 200.1.2.0 RTC 223.2.3.6 0 65009 65008i
*> 200.1.0.0 223.2.3.2 200.3.3.4/30 Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
0 65009 65007i Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 223.2.3.2 *> 200.1.3.0
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 223.2.3.6 200.3.3.4/30 0 65009 65008i
*> 200.1.1.0 .5 0 65009 65007i *> 200.3.3.0 .5
*> Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 0.0.0.0
200.1.2.0 0 .6 0 i Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 223.2.3.6 .6
0 65009?
*> 223.2.3.0 223.2.3.6 0 65009?
*> 200.1.3.0 0.0.0.0 0
RTD
0 i RTD
*> 200.3.3.0 223.2.3.2 0 65009?
*> 223.2.3.0 223.2.3.2 0 65009?
Page42 Page43
11
Manual Aggregation BGP Tables - RTC
AS65007 ................................................
AS65007
RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24 *> 200.1.0.0/22 127.0.0.1 0 i
AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24 *> 200.1.0.0 223.2.3.5 0 RTA 0 65007i
*> 200.1.1.0 223.2.3.5 0 0 Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
65007i
.5 *> AS65008
200.1.2.0 223.2.3.1 0 0 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
65008i
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24 *> 200.1.3.0 223.2.3.1 0 0 65008i
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 *> 200.3.3.0/27 127.0.0.1 .5 0 ?
[RTC]bgp 65009 RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
*> 200.3.3.0/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
[RTC-bgp]undo summary automatic Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
.1 *> 200.3.3.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
[RTC-bgp]aggregate 200.3.3.0 27 *> 200.3.3.2/32 0.0.0.0 1 0 ?
223.2.3.4/30223.2.3.0 27
[RTC-bgp]aggregate i .1 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
*> 200.3.3.3/32 0.0.0.0 1 0 ?
223.2.3.0/30 [RTC-bgp]aggregate 200.1.0.0 22 * i 200.3.3.2 0
223.2.3.4/30
100 0 i
EBGP *> 223.2.3.0/30
200.3.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
AS65009 * i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
*> EBGP
200.3.3.5/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
.2 .6 AS65009
*> 223.2.3.0/27 127.0.0.1 0 ?
IBGP *> 223.2.3.0/30 .6
0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32 *> 223.2.3.2/32
.2 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
RTC IBGP
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32 *> 223.2.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
0 ?
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30 RTC
.5 *> 223.2.3.6/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 .6 Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30
.5
RTD Lo1 200.3.3.1/32
.6
RTD
Page44 Page45
BGP Tables - RTB AS65007

RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24 RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24

AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24 AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
.5
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale BGP Local router ID is 200.1.0.1 .5
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RTBStatuscodes: *Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
- valid, > - best, d - damped,
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 hLo1-200.1.3.1/24
- history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
.1 of Routes: 14
Total Number .1
Network NextHop 223.2.3.4/30
MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
223.2.3.4/30
*> 223.2.3.0/30
200.1.0.0/22 223.2.3.2 0 65009i Network
223.2.3.0/30 NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
*> 200.1.0.0
EBGP 223.2.3.2 0 65009 65007i EBGP
*> 200.1.0.0/22 223.2.3.6 0 65009i
*> 200.1.1.0 223.2.3.2 AS65009 0 65009 65007i AS65009
*> 200.1.2.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 i *> 200.1.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
.2 .6 *> 200.1.1.0 .6
.2 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
*> 200.1.3.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
IBGP *> 200.1.2.0 223.2.3.6 IBGP 0 65009 65008i
*> 200.3.3.0/27 223.2.3.2 0
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32 65009? Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
*> 200.3.3.0/32RTC 223.2.3.2 0 0 65009? *> 200.1.3.0 RTC 223.2.3.6 0 65009 65008i
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32 *> 200.3.3.0/27 223.2.3.6 Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.1/32
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 223.2.3.2 200.3.3.4/30
0 0 65009? Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 223.2.3.6 200.3.3.4/30
*> 200.3.3.2/32 .5
223.2.3.2 1 0 65009? *> 200.3.3.0/32 .5 0 0 65009?
*>
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32
200.3.3.3/32 223.2.3.2 1 .6 0 65009? *> Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 223.2.3.6
200.3.3.1/32 0 .6 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.4/30 223.2.3.2 0RTD 0 65009? *> 200.3.3.2/32 223.2.3.6 1 0 65009?
*> 223.2.3.0/27 223.2.3.2 0 65009? *> 200.3.3.3/32 223.2.3.6 1 RTD 0 65009?
*> 200.3.3.4/30 223.2.3.6 0 0 65009?
223.2.3.0/30 223.2.3.2 0 0 65009?
*> 223.2.3.4/30 223.2.3.2 0 0 65009? *> 223.2.3.0/27 223.2.3.6 0 65009?
*> 223.2.3.0/30 223.2.3.6 0 0 65009?
223.2.3.4/30 223.2.3.6 0 0 65009?
Page46 Page47
12
BGP Tables - RTD Suppressing Specific Routes
BGP Local router ID is 200.3.3.2 AS65007
AS65007
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24 AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
AS65008
Total Number of Routes: 17 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24 .5
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
.5 Lo1-200.1.3.1/24[RTC]bgp 65009
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
*>i 200.1.0.0/22 200.3.3.0 100 0 i
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 [RTC-bgp]undo summary automatic
*>i 200.1.0.0 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 65007i .1
*>i 200.1.1.0 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 65007i [RTC-bgp]aggregate 200.3.3.0 27 detail-suppressed
.1
*>i 200.1.2.0 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 65008i 223.2.3.4/30
[RTC-bgp]aggregate 223.2.3.0 27 detail-suppressed
*>i 200.1.3.0 200.3.3.0 0 223.2.3.4/30
100 0 65008i [RTC-bgp]aggregate 200.1.0.0 22 detail-suppressed
223.2.3.0/30
*>i 200.3.3.0/27 200.3.3.0 100 0 ?
i 223.2.3.0/30
200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 ? EBGP
*>i 200.3.3.1/32 200.3.3.0 0 100 0 ? AS65009
EBGP
*> 200.3.3.2/32 0.0.0.0 0
AS65009
0 i
.2 .6
* i 200.3.3.0 1 100 0 ?
.6 IBGP
*> 200.3.3.3/32 .2 0.0.0.0 0 0 i Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
* i 200.3.3.0IBGP 1 100 0 ? RTC
*> 200.3.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
0 i Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
RTC Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30
* i 200.3.3.0 0 100
Lo1 0
200.3.3.3/32 ? .5
*>i 223.2.3.0/27
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.0 200.3.3.4/30 100 0 ? Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 .6
*>i 223.2.3.0/30 .5
200.3.3.0 0 100 0 ?
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 200.3.3.0 RTD
*>i 223.2.3.4/30 0 .6 100 0 ?
RTD
Page48 Page49
BGP Tables - RTC BGP Tables - RTB AS65007

................................................ RTA
Total Number of Routes: 21 Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
Network NextHop MED LocPrf AS65007
PrefVal Path/Ogn AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
*> 200.1.0.0/22 127.0.0.1 0 i
s> 200.1.0.0 223.2.3.5 0 0 65007i .5
s> 200.1.1.0 223.2.3.5 0
RTA
0 Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
65007i
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
s> AS65008
200.1.2.0 223.2.3.1 0 0 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
65008i Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
s> 200.1.3.0 223.2.3.1 0 0 65008i
*> 200.3.3.0/27 127.0.0.1 .5 0 ? .1
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
s> 200.3.3.0/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 BGP Local router ID is 200.1.2.1 223.2.3.4/30
s> 200.3.3.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
s> 200.3.3.2/32 0.0.0.0 1 0 ? 223.2.3.0/30
i .1 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
s> 200.3.3.3/32 0.0.0.0 1 0 ? EBGP h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
223.2.3.4/30 Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
AS65009
* i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
s> 223.2.3.0/30
200.3.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
.2 .6
* i 200.3.3.2 0 100 0 i
EBGP IBGP
*> 200.3.3.5/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
Total Number of Routes: 5 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
*> 223.2.3.0/27 127.0.0.1 AS65009 0 ? RTC
Network NextHop 200.3.3.4/30
MED Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
s> 223.2.3.0/30 .6
0.0.0.0
.2 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32
*> 223.2.3.2/32
IBGP
0 0 ? .5
s> 223.2.3.4/30 0.0.0.0 0 Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
0 ? Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 .6
RTC
*> 200.1.0.0/22 223.2.3.2 0 65009i
*> 223.2.3.6/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32 *> 200.1.2.0 0.0.0.0 RTD0 0 i
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30
.5 *> 200.1.3.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32
.6 *> 200.3.3.0/27 223.2.3.2 0 65009?
RTD *> 223.2.3.0/27 223.2.3.2 0 65009?
Page50 Page51
13
BGP Tables - RTD
RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
AS65008 Lo1-200.1.1.1/24 AS65007
.5 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24 RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
Lo1-200.1.3.1/24 AS65008
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Lo1-200.1.1.1/24
.1
BGP Local router ID is 200.1.0.1 .5
RTB Lo0-200.1.2.1/24
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d -223.2.3.4/30
damped,
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale Total Number of Lo1-200.1.3.1/24
Routes: 6
223.2.3.0/30
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
.1
EBGP
AS65009 223.2.3.4/30
*>i 200.1.0.0/22 200.3.3.0 100 0 i
.2 5 .6
Total Number of Routes: *>i 223.2.3.0/30
200.3.3.0/27 200.3.3.0 100 0 ?
Network NextHopIBGP MED LocPrf
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32 PrefVal Path/Ogn *> 200.3.3.2/32
EBGP 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
RTC *> 200.3.3.3/32 0.0.0.0 0
AS65009 0 i
Lo1 200.3.3.3/32 .6
*> 200.1.0.0/22
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 223.2.3.6200.3.3.4/30 0 65009i *> 200.3.3.4/30 .2 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
.5 *>i 223.2.3.0/27 200.3.3.0 100 0 ?
*> 200.1.0.0
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 i IBGP
Lo0 200.3.3.2/32
*> 200.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 0 .6 0 i RTC
*> 200.3.3.0/27 223.2.3.6 RTD
0 65009? Lo1 200.3.3.3/32
Lo0 200.3.3.0/32 200.3.3.4/30
*> 223.2.3.0/27 223.2.3.6 0 65009? .5
Lo1 200.3.3.1/32
.6
RTD
Page52 Page53
Quiz
1. Which of the following attributes are BGP well-known mandatory
attributes?
A. Origin
B. AS_Path Thank You

C. Next_hop www.huawei.com
D. Local_preference
2. Which of the following port numbers is used by BGP?

A. TCP 21
B. TCP 179
C. TCP 80
Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 54
14

BGP Principles and Configurations

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

BGP Principles and Configurations

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

BGP Principles and Configurations

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Foreword

 Autonomous System (AS) is introduced into the Exterior Gateway

 The Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) is used within an AS to calculate

 Inter-AS connection requirements promote the development of EGP.

4. BGP Route Advertisement Rules

5. Common BGP Attributes

6. BGP Route Selection Rules

Contents BGP Neighbor Type - EBGP and IBGP

3. BGP Route Generation Modes

7. BGP Aggregation AS 100 OSPF AS 100 OSPF

Contents BGP Route Generation Mode - Network

5. Common BGP Attributes AS 100

7. BGP Aggregation OSPF .1

BGP Route Generation Mode - Import Contents

Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn

AS 100 5. Common BGP Attributes

OSPF RTA RTB RTC

RTA RTB RTD RTE EBGP IBGP

BGP Route Advertisement Rule 3: Do Not

192.168.1.0/24 RTA RTB

Contents Various BGP Attributes

2. BGP Neighbor Relationship Establishment and Configuration

5. Common BGP Attributes

BGP Attribute - Next_hop Next Hop with IBGP

2.2.2.2 RTA RTB RTD OSPF

BGP Attribute - Community Contents

AS 11 RTB EBGP 4. BGP Route Advertisement Rules

 The Community attribute has two functions: 7. BGP Aggregation

Contents Topology AS65007

BGP Tables - RTC #

BGP Tables - RTB AS65007

RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24 RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24

BGP Tables - RTB AS65007

RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24 RTA Lo0-200.1.0.1/24

BGP Tables - RTC BGP Tables - RTB AS65007

B. AS_Path Thank You

2. Which of the following port numbers is used by BGP?

You might also like