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Serving the Duluth Minnesota East Hillside, Central Hillside, Lincoln Park & Surrounding Neighborhoods

July 2011 Volume 12 Issue 7

Neighborhood Revitalization Plan Reviews Underway

Many citizens of the Hillside and the other three core neighborhoods in Duluth will remember that in 2007 and 2008 At Home in Duluth Collaborative created Neighborhood Plans for each of Duluths five core neighborhoods Central Hillside, East Hillside, Lincoln Park, Morgan Park, and West Duluth and that citizens of those neighborhoods recently reviewed those Plans: Central and East Hillsides: Plan Review I: June 9th, Central Hillside Community Center, 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. Plan Review II: June 30th Central Hillside Community Center, 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. Lincoln Park: Plan Review II: June13th, Harrison Community Center, 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. Morgan Park: Plan Review I: June 7th, Good Fellowship Center, 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. Plan Review II: June 28th, Good Fellowship Center, 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. West Duluth: Plan Review I: June 2nd, Mr. Ds Bar & Grill, 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. Plan Review II: June 23rd, Cit Center West, 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. This effort took place after a lengthy and extensive public process. In continuation of those Plans, this year LISC will be reviewing and updating them. Continued on Page 10

Duluths History:

2011 marks the centennial of the Duluth Farmers Market, now located on the corner of 14th Avenue East and 3rd St., in Duluths East Hillside neighborhood. In 1911 it was established by the City of Duluth in the Armory, with two additional satellite markets in other parts of the city. The city founded it in this era of rapid growth, to serve individual households, as a part of an overall effort by city leaders to create a local food supply system to support this expanded population. The population growth of this period was

associated with the wealth accumulated as the abundant nearby forests were cut down and the rich and easily accessible deposits of iron ore were extracted from the Iron Range and transported by train to the port of Duluth and by ship to its ultimate destinations in the east. The Duluth Commercial Club was a powerful civic and political organization, many of whose members had purchased clear cut land beyond Skyline Drive for summer homes

Tense, Uncertain, and Rapidly Evolving

Daily Encounters in the Professional Lives of Duluth Police Department Officers
Housing Services Community Safety Initiative (CSI), Sgt. Gr eeman, Law Enforcement Skills Coordinator at the Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College, used the MILO (Use of Force Simulator) and IAE computer software program to give the person holding the simulation gun and standing in front of the screen one or more of the tense, uncertain, and rapidly evolving experiences with which officers deal frequently and which, on the most part, require a deadly use of force (Graham vs. Connor court case (Sgt. David Greeman, Use of Force in Policing: Myth vs. Reality, May 26, 2011)). He used the simulator to drive his point about the use of deadly force: The decision is difficult in a particular stressful context but must be accurate and right the first time. Resistance occurs because of the problematic context of the offenders life: behavior as a result of a mental condition, armed robberies, speeding violations that end up with a threat to officers life, shootings in schools, domestic disputes Calendar: 4 Outdoors: 6 - 7 that turn into life-threatening experiences to the officers, suicidal attempts that turn into attacks on the officer, mental impairment as a result of drugs or alcohol, and so on. These problematic contexts often force officers to make these difficult decisions. While standing with a simulation gun in front of the screen and trying first to use oral communication to influence the offender to do as he/she is told, many citizens experienced the stress and tenseness in trying to get control of an out-of-control person. Too, when the situation instantaneously required deadly use of force, citizens found that it is difficult to maintain accuracy of shot upon a moving target once the decision is made where to hit that target for what purpose to kill or to stop via injury. They found that lack of experience slows down the decision-making process, visual accuracy, and interpretation of behaviors. An experienced

On May 26, 2011from exactly 5:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. of the nearly three-hour Citywide meeting on Crime Prevention at the Central Hillside Community building, Sgt. David Greeman of the City of Duluth Police Department had adults from the audience and new members of the Fond du Lac Tribal Police Department experience electronically simulated scenarios that necessitated the police officer or audience member to use deadly force. Invited by Debbie Isabell- Nelson of Neighborhood

Index:

News: 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 12

Editorial: 2

Experts & Advice: 10

Sudoku: 11

Hillsider Editorial
Perspectives From Lincoln Park Citizen Patrol

July 2011 Hillsider - Page 2

DARE Duluths Youth

graduated from the Drug Abuse Resistance Education program since 1992 when the program began in Duluth. These kids, like the plants I nurture, have been exposed to preventative instruction in order that they might thrive and live on to blossom and bear good fruit. This garden of individuals is priceless. Officer Bob Olson, the gardener in this case, has dedicated himself over the years to seeing that his crop of kids to go on to live success filled lives. Officer Olson has taught the D.A.R.E. curriculum to children at schools throughout the city of Duluth. In his final address to the 2011 graduates who along with their parents filled the Arena Auditorium, he stated that the DARE program not only teaches students about drugs but teaches them to make good decisions and to make wise choices. Speaking directly to the graduates he said, The best choices you make for yourself may not be the best choices for your friends implying that while resistance to peer pressure is important to avoid making mistakes it may not make kids popular with their friends. Bob was candid with the audience when he admitted that the program has taken criticism from a few of his co-workers at the Duluth Police Department who have questioned whether the program works or not. Police Officers arresting intoxicated individuals wearing the familiar black t shirts with the Bold Red letters of the D.A.R.E. logo across the front have chided Bob saying we saw another one of your successes! To this the long time educator and police officer has responded, The success stories go on to college and get good jobs! Bob added that high school students comment to him when they see him that they still dont use drugs. Rain sometimes falls on stony ground as well as the fertile. On May 24, 2011 the last D.A.R.E. graduation was held without a word to the audience that the program was being cancelled. The celebratory nature of the event went on without a ripple for those children and their proud parents in attendance. I fear closing this garden plot will have dire consequences for those children who do not have loving and attentive gardeners of their own at home. Thank you to Officer Olson and his wife Kathy for their devotion to the children of Duluth. Lincoln Park Citizen Patrol meets on the second Wednesday of every month at 6 PM at the Harrison Community Recreation Center, 3002 West 3rd Street, Duluth.

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By Pam Kleinschmidt Looking out the window past where my computer sits in my kitchen I can see my garden. Today it is raining but yesterday I just had to get the hoses out to water the raspberries and the rose bushes which are very dependent on a good early spring soaking. If I want beautiful fragrant rose blossoms and lusciously sweet raspberries the cost of watering is inconsequential to me and deemed a priority. Ill cut back somewhere else. Its that important to me. Preventative attention applied to the plants will yield big harvests of bouquets, jams and pies and even the birds will feast on the rose hips after the blossoms are long gone and winter sets in. 17,000 school aged children have

Board Members
Interim President Scott Yeazle scottyeazle@charter.net Secretary and Distribution Director Rosemary Hampton champton@umich.edu Treasurer Carolyn Nasea Allegra Henderson allegra.henderson@yahoo.com Bruce Howell brucehowell@hotmail.com Claudie Washington washingtonclaud@yahoo.com Phoebe Smith Ellis

Letter to the Editor: No, Gov. Dayton is not Robin Hood

By Scott Bol

Governor Dayton and his staff have cooperated with the current Republican-led legislature and made cuts in our state programs. Yet there seems to be no compromise or trade off by the Republicans as far as the governors request to also balance the state budget by raising taxes on the top 2% of the population. To only put the burden on the most needy and our schools is an obscenity. The wealthy in our state have not stepped up to the challenge of creating jobs, as they so often claim, so now its time to ask that, to whom much is given more is expected. The wealthiest need to pay a higher share of the states taxes. Gov. Dayton is not raising taxes for an already burdened community. He is saying its time for the super rich to pay a proportionate share to the state. This is not a messy, both-sides-wont-budge situation. One side has chosen to stand with the common people and asked that the people who have most benefited from the Wall Street bailout now step up and help ease the burden on the rest of us. The Peoples Budget, proposed by the progressive congressional caucus in Washington D.C., balances the budget the soonest of the major plans submitted. It promotes higher taxes on the wealthy and some cut backs on our military. The Rachel Madow Show made this proposal very clear, seen in this video http://youtube/rwFkuNQYYDo.

The governors request is an important step toward a Peoples Budget here in Minnesota. Another step would be some cutting back on our military spending and our wars. Legislation has been introduced to the state by Representative Bill Hilty calling for reprioritizing our state budget, seen at this website, http://mapm.pjep.org/actions/Resolution-Calling-for-Re-ordering-of-Priorities. This resolution helps Minnesota have a more honest conversation about our budget. We are $5 billion short now, but could have over $21 billion surplus if we werent fighting 2-3 unnecessary wars. Our first priority in Minnesota should not be taking from the poor. Oscar-winning documentary film maker, Michael Moore, came to Madison, Wisconsin recently to highlight that our nation is not broke, more information can be found at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ michael-moore/america-is-not-broke_b_832006. html. Major corporations in the US are making record profits and some not even paying taxes. Amazingly, he pointed out that the wealthiest 400 people in the US make more the half our nation. Thats more then 155 million people. Thats like 4 people going to a community banquette and taking 50% of the available food. We need to say no to such imbalance. So thank you Gov. Dayton. You are on the right track, expecting the wealthiest of our state to pay a fairer share of the states taxes.

Monthly Board Meetings

Second Monday, 7 pm Central Hillside Community Center

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Submission guidelines can be found on our website. Email submissions are preferred to paper or postal mail. Contact the Editor for more information at Hillsider.News@gmail.com.

Serving the Twin Ports Looking forward to city elections

By Scott Yeazle I am excited to see that summer joined us at least for a little while. We have so many things going on in Duluth. Music is alive here in Duluth with Elton John and Michael Buble stopping in and Willie Nelson coming up. Also all the great art and theatre in the area, Duluth is a wonderful place to live. I had a chance to watch a Miracle League game at the Duluth Heritage Sports Center. If the Minnesota Twins played with as much heart as the Miracle League players did then we would have World Series champions every year. I was inspired by the players of the Miracle League and I hope they can play outside next year but thanks to the Duluth Heritage Sports Center, they have a place to play. I am looking forward to election season and we have the mayor, six city council seats and three school board seats up for election. I am glad that this paper has taken the high road and will let the candidates speak for themselves. That means that we here at The Hillsider will need questions from you to ask all the City Council candidates. I would like to say thank you to Beth Wagner for her work on The Hillsider newspaper as she leaves for new oppurtunities in the Twin Cities. We are currently looking for a new editor, but until then we will continue to bring the news to the Hillside and the Lincoln Park area. One last plug for Hillfest on September 17th, the Hillside is looking better with flowers and I will be part of the team taking care of them so enjoy the flowers and have a happy summer.

Hillsider News
Continued from page 1 officer decides and acts with accuracy far faster than an inexperienced officer. It is impossible for an inexperienced, nonprofessional observer to realize or know what experiences and rules are driving a police officers decisions and behavior in each particular context. (Under-aged youth amazed Sgt. Greeman and the audience with their shooting accuracy. Because Sgt. Greeman could not give them simulations concerning people, he gave them simulations concerning pop-up and/or moving targets, as one would encounter on a shooting range of a rod and gun club. Their shooting accuracy is a result of experiences with video games, not with real guns at a rod and gun club and under the supervision of an adult trainer.) Because Sgt. Greeman holds the longest seniority 31 years in the City of Duluth Police Department (DPD;) has experience as a Detective Sergeant, Community Policing Sergeant, and Sergeant supervising the Sex Crimes Unit; and is currently assigned to the Patrol Division of the DPD, it becomes apparent why his pedagogical methodology emphasizes experience before presentation of rules and of State and federal statutes. The latter can be learned and understood better once the audience has had some of the experiences that police officers have had and can begin to realize that the decisions officers must make are difficult in a very limited time-frame and under stressful, tense conditions. Thus, after trying out MILO, the audience saw Officer Greemans program begin at 6:30 p.m. in a lecture-type setting in a modern-day classroom context fully equipped with even more audio-video technology. The State and federal governments have set forth rules as guidelines within which police officers decisions must be made. Thus, these rules must become internalized in the classroom, skilled training sessions, and on the force to enable the officers decisions to be fast enough and accurate to keep him/her safe and within the limitations of the law. Imagine a man charging you with a knife. Would you remember which code applies to this particular context? Would you visually encompass and analyze the whole context enough to make an accurate decision? If you needed to shoot to kill, would your aim be accurate enough that the first shot hit the intended target? Let us examine some of the codes concerning authorized use of force that officers must know: Authorized Use of Force 609.06 Reasonable force may be used upon or toward the person of another without the others consent when the following circumstances exist or the actor reasonably believes them to exist: 1. When used by a public officer or one assisting a public officer under the public officers direction: a. in effecting a lawful arrest; or b. in the execution of legal process; or c. in enforcing an order of the court; or d. in executing any other duty imposed upon the public officer by law; or 2. When used by a person not a public officer in arresting another in the cases and in the manner provided by law and delivering the other to an officer competent to receive the other into custody; or 3. When used by any person in resisting or aiding another to resist an offense against the person; or 4. When used by any person in lawful possession of real or personal property, or by another assisting the person in lawful possession, in resisting a trespass upon or other unlawful interference with such property; or 5. When used by any person to prevent the escape, or to retake following the escape, of a person lawfully held on a charge or conviction of a crime; or 6. When used by a parent, guardian, teacher, or other lawful custodian of a child or pupil, in the exercise of lawful authority, to restrain or correct such child or pupil; or 7. When used by a school employee or school

July 2011 Hillsider - Page 3

A youth from the audience (right) shooting a simulation gun at pop-up and moving objects on the MILO simulation program while one of Sgt. David Greemans students observes during the Try out MILO: Use of Force Simulator portion of the Community Safety Initiatives meeting on May 26, 2011 -- Use of Force in Policing: Myth vs. Reality

Photo BY roSemarY e. hamPton

bus driver, in the exercise of lawful authority, to restrain a child or pupil, or to prevent bodily harm or death to another; or 8. When used by a common carrier in expelling a passenger who refuses to obey a lawful requirement for the conduct of passengers and reasonable care is exercised with regard to the passengers personal safety; or 9. When used to restrain a mentally ill or mentally defective person from self-injury or injury to another or when used by one with authority to do so to compel compliance with reasonable requirements for the persons control, conduct or treatment; 10. When used by a public or private institution providing custody or treatment against one lawfully committed to it to compel compliance with reasonable requirements for the control, conduct or treatment of the committed person. (Sgt. David Greeman, Use of Force in Policing: Myth vs. Reality, May 26, 2011) The above statute applies to the conditions for general use of force. How good are you at analyzing the problematic context in which you may find yourself within a split second or one second to make an accurate and legal decision? The stress under which that decision must be made increases multiple times when you are considering the use of deadly force. Use of Deadly Force by Peace Officer 609.066 The use of deadly force by a peace officer in the line of duty is justified only when necessary: 1. To protect the peace officer or another from apparent death or great bodily harm; 2. To effect the arrest or capture, or prevent the escape, of a person whom the peace officer knows or has reasonable grounds to believe has committed or attempted to commit a felony involving the use or threatened us [sic] of deadly force; or 3. To effect the arrest or capture, or prevent the escape, of a person whom the officer knows or has reasonable grounds to believe has committed or attempted to commit a felony if the officer reasonably believes that the person will cause death or great bodily harm if the persons apprehension is delayed. (Sgt. David Greeman, Use of Force in Policing: Myth vs. Reality, May 26, 2011) For items #2 and #3 above the officer must not only know all of the felonies listed under the law but also must know what is reasonable grounds to believe or what he/she can reasonably believe. In a split second can you accurately and legally determine these factors when you or

another face death or great bodily harm? However, court decisions help to hone the interpretations of state and federal laws. Thus, the court decision in the Tennessee vs. Garner (1985)clarified the justifications for use of deadly force: 1. To prevent death or serious injury to officer or another 2. To prevent escape when the officer reasonably believes: a. The subject has used deadly force in the commission of a felony b. If the subject is reasonably thought to be intent on endangering human life unless arrested without delay, and has means to do so 1. The officer should not unreasonably or unnecessarily endanger himself or the public in the application of deadly force. 2. The office should use verbal command of authority and deterrence whenever possible. In the simulations Sgt. Greeman had the adults first use verbal command(s) to try to make the offender follow verbal orders or to deter him/ her from doing what he/she intended to do. Nevertheless, in the simulations the situations accelerated quickly. They do not necessarily accelerate all of the time; in some contexts they decelerate, and the offender follows instructions. In another court decision, the Graham vs. Connor case, the complexity of the possible problematic contexts is further revealed. The legality of the decision is often based upon: Totality of the circumstances Perspective of a reasonable officer On the scene At the moment force was used Without 20/20 hindsight (Sgt. David Greeman, Use of Force in Policing: Myth vs. Reality, May 26, 2011) Let us look at the complexity of just item #1 Totality of the circumstances. When you make a decision in a tense, uncertain, rapidly evolving and problematic context, are you certain that you have analyzed the circumstances totally enough to make that decision? What do police officers consider the totality of circumstances to be? They must consider the following: Number of suspects vs. officers Size, age, condition [of offender(s) Injury to suspect/officer Known violent history Pre-assault indicators Alcohol or drugs (89%) [in problematic contexts] Continued on page 5

Community Calendar
Campus Neighbors General Meetings
When: May 26 and Third Tuesday (As Needed) January-May September, October Where: Grant Recreation Center Time: 7:00pm - 8:30pm Info: Campusneighbors.org

July 2011 Hillsider - Page 4

Neighbors Of Lower Chester Park Meeting

City Government Meetings

Duluth City Council Meetings Mayors Night
When: Last Tuesdays Where: 4th Floor Reception Room, Room 405, City Hall 411 West 1st Street, Duluth Time: 4:30pm Sign In Info: duluthmn.gov

When: Third Thursday Where: Chester Creek Methodist Church 18th Ave East and 9th Street, Duluth Time: 7:00pm Info: nolcp_duluth@yahoo.com

Central Hillside Community Meeting

East Hillside Community Club Meeting

When: First Thursday Where: Central Hillside Community Center 12 E. 4th St., Duluth Time: 6:00pm

When: First Tuesday Where: Grant Community Recreation Center901 E. 11th St., Duluth Time: 6:30pm

When: Alternating Mondays Where: 3rd Floor Council Chamber, City Hall, Duluth Time: 7:00pm Info: duluthmn.gov/clerk/ council/schedule.cfm

Duluth Commission On Disabilities

Big View: Community Engagement Meeting

Rainbow Community Center Advisory Board Meeting

Last Thursday Peace Church 1111 N. 11th Avenue East, Duluth 5:30 PM 8:00 PM communityactionduluth.org

Third Wednesdays Rainbow Community Center 211 N 3rd Avenue East, Duluth 9:30 AM (218) 727-8147

When: First Wednesdays Where: Room 400, City Hall, 411 West 1st Street, Duluth Time: 3:00pm Info: (218) 730-5630

Duluth Human Rights Commission

When: Second Wednesdays Where: Room 400, City Hall, 411 West 1st Street, Duluth Time: 6:00pm Info: (218) 730-5630

Duluth City Planning Commission Meetings Second Tuesday

Duluth American Indian Council Meetings

Third Mondays Room 405 City Hall, 411 West 1st Street, 5:00 PM (218) 730-5480

Neighborhood Patrol Meetings

Community Safety Initiative (CSI) Lincoln Park Citizen Patrol
When: Second Wednesdays Where: Harrison Community Recreation Center 3002 West 3rd Street, Duluth Time: 6:00pm

3rd Floor Council Chamber City Hall, 411 West 1st Street 5:00 PM duluthmn.gov/planning/planning_ commission

When: Last Thursday Sept, Oct, Jan May Where: Central Hillside Community Center Time: 6:00pm Info: nhsduluth.org

Volunteer Days
Duluth Trails
Wednesdays Call for location 10:00 AM Judy at jgibbs@duluthmn.gov (218) 269-4712 (218) 730-4490

Lake Walk

School Board Meetings

Duluth Edison Charter School Board Meetings
When: Second Tuesdays Where: Washburn Edison School, 201 W St Andrews St, Duluth Time: 6:30pm Info: duluthedisoncharterschools.com

Mondays (after Memorial Day) The Vietnam Memorial 10:00 AM Amy at anorris@duluthmn.gov (218) 730-4312

Duluth Public School District 709 Board Meetings

When: Third Tuesdays Where: Board Room, Central Administration Building, 215 North First Avenue East, Duluth Time: 6:30pm Info: duluth.k12.mn.us/education/ dept

Duluth Tree Inventory, Planting, and Location Identification

Park Point

Individually Scheduled Judy at jgibbs@duluthmn.gov (218) 269-4712

Fridays (after Memorial Day) The Beach House 10:00 AM Judy at jgibbs@duluthmn.gov (218) 269-4712

Enger Park

Parks & Recreation Associations

Duluth Historic Preservation Commission
Fourth Tuesdays Room 303 City Hall, 411 West 1st Street, Duluth 2:00 PM (218) 730-5580

Duluth Park & Recreation Commission

Second Wednesdays Central Hillside Community Center 12 E 4th St., Duluth 4:00 PM to 6:00 PM (218) 730-4300

Thursdays (after Memorial Day) Enger Park Parking Lot 10:00 AM Amy at anorris@duluthmn.gov (218) 730-4312

Rose Garden

Tuesdays (after Memorial Day) The Gazebo in the Rose Garden 10:00 AM (218) 730-4312 Amy at anorris@duluthmn.gov

Email details about future Community Meetings to Hillsider.News@gmail.com.

City of Duluth FY 2012 Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program

Community Development Program Applications Technical Assistance Session

July 28
Applications for funding requests will be available on this date. The session will provide an overview of funding eligibility and programmatic requirements to apply for funding. This will also be the opportunity to meet with staff and discuss application issues. Also, applicants can set up individual meetings with staff up until September 2nd. Additional information about these meetings is available from the Community Development office by calling 218-730-5480 or e-mailing your request to: jellings@duluthmn.gov

The printing of this HILLSIDER page sponsored by - City of Duluth Community Development

July 2011 Hillsider - Page 5 Continued from page 3 Availability of weapons Duration of action Environmental factors Other? The last item, the Other, probably has another long list behind it, as a police officers years of experience accumulate. Nevertheless, the Graham vs. Connor court case does make one right of police officers concisely clear: The right to make an arrest or investigatory stop necessarily [my italics] carries with it the right to use some degree of physical coercion or threat thereof to effect [sic] it (Sgt. David Greeman, Use of Force in Policing: Myth vs. Reality, May 26, 2011). This right is pertinent for all citizens to remember in terms of their physical and/or verbal behavior in the presence of a police officer. Instead of spending time in front of television programs and movies about police departments or private detectives, it would be worth the effort to learn how police officers are trained and educated and how they expect citizens to behave verbally and physically in their presence. It is so very easy and effortless to internalize the many fallacies about police officers that television shows and films carry. It takes more time and effort to learn the truth about the training and education of police officers to better understand their actions. Some of the people who have given their time and effort to this better understanding are the past graduates of the DARE Program offered by DPD Officer Bob Olson in the Duluth Public Schools system. Some of the graduates of this program have chosen to become police officers. Unfortunately, the last graduates of the Program graduated this year; the Program has been discontinued because of lack of funding. (If you would like to see the Program continue, it has become the responsibility of the citizens to find the funding.) Many people of Central Hillside are grateful that Sgt. Greeman gave his expertise, experience, time, and effort on May 26, 2011 to share with citizens some of the constraints and problematic

Sgt. David Greeman of the City of Duluth Police Force operating the MILO simulation program on a computer during the Try out MILO: Use of Force Simulator portion of the Community Safety Initiatives meeting on May 26, 2011 -- Use of Force in Policing: Myth vs. Reality

Photo BY roSemarY e. hamPton

contexts of police officers decisions. It is the responsibility of the citizens to return the effort and time in better understanding the

public servants who protect them. This program was co-sponsored by the Sport Court Citizens Patrol.

the hillsider needs YoU!

Have a talent for editing? Need a way to get involved in your community? Like to take pictures and write? Want to try your hand at advertising? We want you to join The Hillsider team!

Please contact Scott Yeazle for more information at scottyeazle@charter.net

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the Duluth Farmers market

Continued from page 1 and had begun to dabble in agriculture. They encountered many difficulties, such as rocky soil and removing stumps. The Club began to conceptualize a plan for a local food system for the city, involving both production and distribution, supplying fresh produce to area restaurants, grocers, and households. A lifelong farmer and teacher of farmers in agricultural institutes, A. B. Hostetter, was recruited from Illinois, to further develop and carry out their plan. Educational trains, seed giveaways, growing competitions, use of land adjacent to the railroads for small agricultural production, and many other educational efforts were instituted at this time. The Greysolon Farm Company was also established in 1910, in a square mile area near Jean Duluth and Martin Roads. This company developed and rented and sold plots ranging from 1 15 acres. It also as part of the deal, helped remove obstacles to small farmers by teaching intensive cultivation and market gardening skills to the people renting or buying these plots. (Much material about this period of time and its early, and for decades, successful, local-regional food system, was researched by Dr. Randell Hanson and presented by him at UMD this spring in a Institute for Advanced Study Symposium on Food, Food Systems, and the New Regionalism.) The Duluth Farmers Market in its first year was used by 25 farmers; it has remained a part of the city ever since, despite the profound changes that came with WWII and its demand for industrial workers. From the 1950s through the 1970s, large scale commercial farming and increased worker specialization began to seriously threaten the viability of small producers. Urban sprawl, even here in Duluth, also contributed to this decline. However, counter movements soon began to spring up, throughout the country, and here in Duluth. Back to the land and sustainability movements, new interest in food cooperatives (such as Duluths Whole Food Coop, which has endured and grown in the Hillside for 40 years) and food quality, particularly in relation to health human and planetary have all kept the Duluth Farmers Markets, on 14th Avenue East and others, such as the market at UMD, alive and well, one hundred years after its inception. Since the 1950s the participating farmers have expanded their line of 100% local products to include Christmas trees, syrup, honey, spring bedding plants and other greenhouse products, mixed potting soils and hand-made crafts. Lloyd Wagner, Secretary of the Duluth Market Gardeners and Berry Association in August of 1987, included this description in a letter he wrote to the Duluth City Council advocating for the Associations right to maintain

North entrance of the Farmers Market at the intersection of N. 14th Ave. E. and E. 3rd St.

Photo BY roSemarY e. hamPton

a roof sign alerting customers to the location of the market. In this letter, he also stressed that the entire product line is 100% local. The membership covered the southern half of St. Louis County and the northernmost tier of townships of Carlton County certainly very local, as well. Many challenges have come to the market building. The original market now located in the East End was first established at 6th Avenue East and 3rd Street by the Agriculture Committee of the Duluth Area Chamber of Commerce in 1922. This move came about in 1953 when a supermarket was erected at the former location.

At various times, the City of Duluth has considered proposals for sale of the land to private prospective buyers, but each critical time, the use of the market land and building has continued to retained by the Duluth Market Growers Association, the formal name of the organization to which all Farmers Market vendors belong. The city acquired title in 1973 (from St. Louis County) and began leasing it to cooperative farmers organizations for operation, chiefly the Duluth Market Growers Association. Hopes for a new building on the current site, to give the growers Continued to page 8

every Wednesday and

PhotoS BY roSemarY e. hamPton

Upper left: Hollinday booth at the Farmers Market. Lower left: Swenson Creek Soaps booth at the Farmers Market. Lower left: Farmer Doug booth (Farmer Doug and Lois Hoffbauer, owners) at Farmers Market

PhotoS BY roSemarY e. hamPton

Upper left: Emily Miner, an intern with the Farmers Market, is prepared to assist people in using their EBT and credit cards. Upper right: Blueberry House Bakery (Marilyn Wangen of Two Harbors, MN, proprietor) at the Farmers Market. Lower right: Peggy Sobczak, owner, in her Sunlight Gardens booth at the Farmers Market. Lower right: Tahkoah at the Spirit Lake Native Products booth at the Farmers Market.

Continued from page 7 and customers a safer and more enjoyable experience have also arisen in recent years, but are as yet unrealized. In a Duluth News Tribune piece from April 17, 1973, Mayor Ben Boo remarks that It is obvious the public has regained interest in stopping at the street-corner produce standCustomers range from the chauffeur-driven cook for the elite families to the organic food faddists. Doug and Lois Hoffbauer are among the oldest (28 years) farmers selling their produce (and free range chickens) at the market, which operates on Saturdays and Wednesdays, from 7:00 a.m. until noon. They grow tomatoes, peppers, lettuce, rhubarb, sweet corn, potatoes, cucumbers, apples, winter squash, pumpkin, and broccoli on their 12 acre garden in the midway area. When I visited the Market recently, I asked Lois if their produce is organic. It is not, but close to it their production methods are very sustainable. They use a variety of tricks, such as planting through plastic, which discourages weeds. They have no hired help, but one of their sons, a teacher, sometimes helps them. They have three high tunnels, something like a greenhouse, but which has sides that roll up in summer. Even older than the Hoffbauers is Barb Hallinday, in her continuous participation for 30 years in the Duluth Farmers Market. Barbs parents, Ernest and Lucille, started the family market gardening endeavor in the early 70s. She lives on the original property purchased by her grandparents in 1916, in Duluth

Township on Shilhon Road, 12 miles from Lester River. Barbs children also participated in the Market, selling chokecherries to pay for school supplies. After my visit to the Market, I received a call from one of the true old-timers Richard Herman, of Caribou Lake, who is a former South St. Louis County Extension Agent, Ag and County Extension Director and Professor Emeritus of the University of Minnesota. Mr. Herman talked about the relationship of the Farmers Market to the back to the land movements, as they have come and gone throughout his lifetime, in particular, the Jackson Project, or Duluth Homesteads project, of the 1930s. This project involved the creation of 84 fortress- like, brick homes built during the New Deal era in the 1930s in Hermantown, still standing sturdily on the west side of Stebner Road, just south of Gordys Market. Mr. Herman old me that many of these homes were paid for by the sale of raspberries (marketed at the Duluth Farmers Market). One stall belonging to the Herman family at one point was standing empty, and the Head of the Lakes Berry Growers were asked to come in. All of the Jackson Project plots had enough space for a subsistence garden; some even had barns for raising livestock. Many homesteaders used their land to develop small businesses involving some aspect of local food production. Throughout the history of the Duluth Farmers Market, buyers have enjoyed the chance to meet and talk with growers often the whole family, for whom the Market provided not only a large part of their income, but was also a social vehicle.

Mr. Herman adds to the story of the Markets development that the building on 14th Ave. East once had an open area (left of the front door) for washing produce. Also, in order to move this building to its present location, it was first cut in half lengthwise. Mr. Herman states that the University Experimental Station in Grand Rapids, Minnesota, and the former Experimental Station here in Duluth were a real complement to the operation of the Farmers Market. If you grow it or make it, you can sell it at the Duluth Farmers Market. This was highlighted by Richard Herman, and it remains true today and also is central in the Markets appeal to the public. The Market is open Wednesdays and Sundays, 7:00 a.m. to noon. The Duluth Farmers Market website - (operated by Lois and Doug Hoffbauer) announces the peak of the season is usually from mid-August to mid-September, although it officially opens the weekend before Mothers Day, and continues through late December, with the sale of Christmas trees. Customers may now use food support EBT cards, so more residents can enjoy the Markets freshness and variety of healthy produce. Susan Schwanekamp is the St. Louis County Historical Society Executive Assistant and the Editor for their newsletter Rootprints. The St. Louis County Historical Society is located in the St. Louis County Heritage & Arts Center (the Depot), 506 W. Michigan St., Duluth, MN 55802. For more information, visit www. thehistorypeople.org or call 218-733-7580.

Arbor Day 2011

By Judy Gibbs

July 2011 Hillisider - Page 8

Arbor Day in Duluth was celebrated on May 31. Mayor Don Ness, Councilor Patrick Boyle, city staff and interested volunteers and neighbors gathered to proclaim this years Arbor Day. They planted the first of hundreds of boulevard trees scheduled to be planted this season. That first tree was planted at 529 N 12 Ave E, the home of Olga Stanley, who has lived in her house in this Hillside neighborhood since 1943. Once graced with large elms and silver maples, this street now has many empty boulevard spaces, something that has become common of many of Duluths streets. Much of the celebration this Arbor Day revolved around the planting of trees resulting from several new initiatives announced by the City of Duluth. The first is in acknowledging the receipt of two grants, one from the Duluth Superior Area Community Foundation and from the Department of Natural Resources for a total of over $26,000 to buy trees to be planted on city boulevards. These trees will be put into areas that qualify as Community Development Block Grant zones. Last summer, volunteers were trained to inventory Duluths street trees and focused primarily the Central and East Hillside neighborhoods. They also identified literally hundreds of available planting spots in those neighborhoods. Both grants were awarded, in part, because volunteers will be used for the actual tree plantings! The Mayor also announced the establishment of a dedicated tree fund, to which people may donate for future boulevard and park tree plantings. The city will commit $5000 a year to this fund to purchase trees. Homeowners anywhere in the city who are willing to put forward $25 per tree may purchase, plant and care for a boulevard tree with the city picking up the remaining cost per tree. Each tree costs approximately $50. In order to make that happen, this spring

city staff built a holding bed at its maintenance facility in which over 250 bare root trees were placed as they await planting spaces. The trees are upwards of six feet tall with trunks about two inches in diameter. The holding bed has over ten species of trees, including maple, oak, elm, and Ohio buckeye. The city spent about half of its grant money this year and the rest will be spent next season for additional trees. Many people intuitively know the value of large, urban trees, but their many effects can be quantitatively measured. It is these values that led the City of Duluth to reestablishing itself as a Tree City USA for the first time since 2003 For example, studies have found that: apartments and offices rent more quickly in areas with trees; customers are willing to pay up to 10% for certain products from businesses on tree-lined streets; a great reduction in crime and physical violence in areas with high levels of greenery; patients have higher recovery rates when hospital windows have views of trees; female adolescents have higher self-esteem in areas with trees; and, workers who view nature from their desks feel more patient and less frustrated and have more enthusiasm for their jobs and satisfaction with their lives. In addition, asphalt streets last longer when shaded by trees; proper landscaping including trees can reduce air conditioning costs by up to 50%; property values increase up to 20% for those with trees; there is a reduction of the heat island effect in cities with more canopy cover; and, trees reduce atmospheric pollution and capture storm water. To help regain its Tree City status, during the summer of 2009, Duluth applied for and received an Americorps member, part of a new program through the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency called the Minnesota GreenCorps. This Urban Forestry Specialist worked with the Duluth City Forester and the Tree Commission to help find ways to inventory the urban canopy utilizing volunteers, to find funding to buy new trees, to assist with updating the Tree Ordinance, and

Photo BY aLicia LeBenS

to coordinate the development of a plan to deal with Emerald Ash Borer and other invasive tree species. As a result, in the spring of 2010, Duluth held its first Arbor Day since 2003, part of the requirements for regaining and retaining Tree City USA status. A tree was planted in Chester Park, and thousands of young trees were planted by the public and school groups across the city. Educational programs were given to many groups about invasive species and the importance of forest diversity. Duluths 2011 Arbor is an important milestone in the timeline of Duluths Urban Forestry history. With threats from insects like the Gypsy Moth and Emerald Ash Borer at our doorstep, increasing the diversity of the tree canopy is vital to a healthy urban forest. A citizen forestry program that includes tree inventory and learning about invasive species will now be expanded to including tree planting. Those who would be interested in having a tree planted on their boulevard should contact Buildings and Grounds Maintenance at 218730-4490. Those wishing to volunteer for tree planting nights and weekends should contact the City Volunteer Coordinator at 218-269-4712 Celebrate Arbor Day 2011 - plant a tree!

Whatcha e-readin?
e-books and e-readers at the Duluth Public Library
By Daniel Buckanaga and Laurie Slattengren Library assistants at the Duluth Public Library

The future is here for libraries! E-books (electronic books) are books you can read on either a computer or an e-reader (electronic reading device), which are starting to gain popularity due to a lower price point ($100-150), exceptional battery life (a single charge can last weeks) and massive support from book publishers. There are a variety of e-readers on the market, but the most popular are Amazons Kindle, Barnes and Nobles Nook, and Sonys Reader devices. A major advantage of e-books is that theyre weightless and portable. Are you heading off on vacation? If you want to bring along reading materials but dont have a lot of room to pack them, these devices are perfect. Most e-readers can hold hundreds (or even thousands) of titles in a small, lightweight, easy-to-carry device. Generally, e-books are less expensive than their print versions, with the average title costing around $10 or less. There are also free resources readers can use to fill their devices. Many classic titles are available for free download from websites like Project Gutenberg (www.gutenberg.org), Many Books (www.manybooks.net) and Google Books (books.google.com). If you have a valid library card in the Duluth Public Library or Arrowhead Library System, you can download free e-books through the librarys website. Head on over to http://arrowhead.lib.overdrive.com, where you can download the software and select which e-books to download. The e-books can then be transferred to your e-reader and may be checked out for 2 weeks before being automatically returned - there are no late

fees! Library e-books are currently available in EPUB format, which is not compatible with the Amazon Kindle, but will work with most other devices. Kindle-compatible e-books may be available later this year or in 2012. The Duluth Public Library has just started circulating some e-readers, which can be checked out by anyone with a valid Duluth or Arrowhead library card. The librarys e-readers are two Barnes and Noble Nooks (black and white with wi-fi) and two Sony Readers. These devices are notable for their use of an e-ink display. E-reader display technology, sometimes referred to as e-ink, has advanced significantly. It is getting to the point that the e-reader screen and book paper are almost indistinguishable. Gone are the days of eyestrain caused by staring at a screen for hours. There is virtually no eyestrain using black and white e-readers like the Nook. Its the closest thing to an actual book page that weve ever seen. The black and white displays on the e-reader are also glare resistant, which means you will be able to read during the day in direct sunlight, something you cant do with an iPad or laptop, or any color device, for that matter. Since the text size on e-readers can be changed, they have the capability of turning any book into large print, which is great for readers with poor eyesight. These resources and more are available to you with a Duluth Public Library card. Come check them out! If you are interested in finding out more about the free e-book resources available to you from the Duluth Public Library, there will be an information session on e-books and e-readers in the library Green Room on July 12 at 2 pm. For more information, visit www.duluth.lib.mn.us or call 730-4200.

July 2011 Hillisider - Page 9

Relative Caregiver Families: Speaking from the Voice of Experience

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Astronomy: Camping Trip To Mars

By eric norland Want to go on the ultimate camping trip this summer? How about going to Mars! You can see the ruddy colored planet in the very early morning hours before sunrise, if you get up before 4 am, where it is low in the northeast. There are two other bright planets on either side of Mars. The one that is highest above the horizon is Jupiter. Look a little lower and see Mars just above the very bright planet Venus. It is very close to the star cluster called the Hyades in Taurus. We are currently about 210 million miles from Mars. Mercury is another morning planet and it is fairly close to the sun, so it is very tiny and illusive to see. Now back to the camping trip. Imagine boarding an elevator and rising to the top of a huge tower. You step into a room and then enter the hatch of a large rocket ship awaiting you. Step inside, sit back, facing straight up and strap on your seatbelt and begin the count. The hatch is closed along with five other crew members ready for liftoff. The countdown continues to three, two, one. Then the roar of the giant rocket is heard rumbling far below as the astronauts begin to shake rapidly. The blue sky reflects on their visors, and things begin to rattle, and tremble as the rocket ship slowly lifts off past the conning tower. For an instant the astronauts face fear, will it go? Then the rocket pushes them faster away from the earth below. Their helmets jostle in unison like bobbing heads amidst the deafening roar. The feeling of g-forces pushes them back into their seats. The noise inside the cockpit increases in pitch. At 150,000 feet, the rocket passes into the inky darkness of space. The ride then becomes smoother and they soon enter weightlessness and can see the curving blue planet earth below. In a matter of minutes they have passed through the atmosphere and climb to around 100 miles into low orbit. After a few orbits of the earth, the spacecraft aims at Mars and fires its large rockets to begin its seven month journey. There will be many cribbage games, daily exercise, training, science work and maintenance to pass away the days. The craft enters Mars orbit and the astronauts marvel at the varied terrain down below them. The red colored world has amazing features which stand out. There is the 3,000 mile wide Valles Marinaris, or Grand Canyon of Mars. Also they see the three volcanoes of the Olympus Mons chain. These are the highest volcanoes in the solar system, arising to 65,000 feet. Three lucky astronauts are selected to board the lander down to the surface. They leave the mother ship and slowly descend. Mars is a lot like the arid parts of Arizona. The overwhelming color of red is everywhere. The sky has a reddish tint, the landscape looks red and the soil is red. This is because Mars is rusting. It has an atmosphere which is primarily oxygen. The soil is rich in iron, which rusts under those conditions. The spacecraft selects a flat, rockless area to land and touches down. The temperature outside is a minus 70 degrees below zero. It is sunny, but very cold and dry. In fact this is a dryness unlike any experienced on earth. It can best be describe as desiccant dry. The astronauts suit up for their first walk on another planet. They enter an air lock room, then climb down the ladder and step onto the firm red surface of this dry world. There is a wind blowing, it would be light by our standards, but hefty by Martian. An astronaut on the surface of Mars feels light, and has an easy spring to the walk. The gravity on Mars is 1/3 that of earths. They can even jump along like a kangaroo. That gets old, though, and is dangerous. The one thing you do not want to do on Mars is puncture your suit, or crack your helmet open. This would vent your pressurized space suit and leave you vulnerable to the severe Mars bends, a symptom which would cause your blood to boil. Looking around, the landscape is so much like that of Arizona, Texas or California. Way off in the distance is a mesa, slightly hazed over with a reddish hue. All around are distant hills, outcrops, and craters with plenty of splashed red rocks out upon the rim. Exploring the Mars surface would reveal many kinds of rocks, of all strange formations, mostly jagged and unweathered. A fine red powder of silt fills in between and it easily dirties the astronauts suit. There are occasional dark pellets, which look like taconite pellets back on earth. The astronauts have coined them blueberries. These are formed by the wind, when a hard mineral material blows across the surface for thousands of years and rolls into these shapes. The astronauts venture down into a ravine. The terrain is jagged with rocks, they are careful and make it to the bottom and see some rounded rocks. It is obvious they were formed by running water in an ancient channel. At one time Mars must have had running rivers. The rocks tumbled and this rounded their sides and left them in the position of that last watery era, estimated to be about 3 million years ago. What happened to the water? It is down in the permafrost, under the soil. The ice goes deep to about 50 feet, awaiting the day when Mars again warms up and it melts, sending runoffs of huge rivers again upon the planet. For now Mars is dry, in a state of suspended animation. The astronauts take samples and do some simple experiments on site. They have analysis equipment, which can test the make up of the soil. It turns out to be rich in magnesium and iron. Now things take a turn towards science fiction. Some curious samples taken from an embankment along the dry river channel have unique coil shapes. They are buried down about three feet below the surface. They are brought back to the ships lab for further analysis. Days later, the analysis of the soil is complete. It is confirmed to be a microbial fungi. On earth the similarity would be to a tree root. Mars has a 24 hour day, just like back on earth, and one evening a large dust storm blows in and it starts to buffet the landing ship. The astronauts hear thunder and see flashes of lightning. Particles of dust and rock pelter the ship. One of the men notices the Mars ganglion that they had collected has begun to grow. It must be reacting to the crafts warm 70 degree temperature and that they had watered it. At first it is growing up the side of a paper cup. Then it fills the cup up with coily organics and branches off in several directions. Next it overflows the cup and hangs onto the table. The next morning the storm has passed but the temperature outside had dropped to minus 220 below. The astronauts awake to find coily had filled half the table. They thought it best to throw the thing out after more analysis. That night, it went wild. It climbed up the control panel, pulled out the switches and rendered the spacecraft ineffective for flight. The astronauts hacked it off the panel, but found it had gone under the panel and invaded the electric circuit. It was after electricity! They used a fire extinguisher to paralyze it. Most of the coily was ripped away and thrown out onto the Martian surface, where it withered and vanished in a day. Inside the spacecraft the astronauts repaired and mended the damage done. They contacted mission control and figured out a way to rewire the circuits and make the spacecraft ready for liftoff. Another dust storm was on the way. Finally the countdown to leave Mars arrived and the astronauts safely blasted off and returned to the mother ship. They were lucky on this camping trip to survive this hostile world. Seven months later, they were back on planet earth. It had been nearly two years of being away. In reality, nobody really knows what a Martian camping trip might bring. Judging by how much fun and misadventure we have when going to the B.W.C.A., we can safely say it would probably be the ultimate camping trip ever. Eric Norland is a coordinator for the Arrowhead Astronomical Society (AAS) of Duluth. AAS meets on the second Wednesday of every month at 8:00 PM, at the Marshall W. Alworth Planetarium. For more information, visit duluthaas.com.

Hillsider Experts & Advice

July 2011 Hillsider - Page 10

Continued from Page 1 Two meetings were held in each neighborhood. During the At Home in Duluth Collaborative Review Plan I (based on the respective neighborhoods 2007 Revitalization Plan) the facilitator, Ms. Lee Stuart of LISC, addressed what had happened since the plans were created and started the process of generating priorities for the next three to five years. The audiences in each meeting took a closer look at five categories in the 2007 Revitalization Plan: 1) housing and real estate, 2) economic development, 3) access to quality education, 4) increasing assets and income, and 5) healthy environments and lifestyles. She took the audiences priorities regarding each of these five categories with her for the purpose of forming a database. The At Home in Duluth Collaborative Review Plan II focused on the input from the first

meeting and got deeper into specifics and details about neighborhood priorities. Ms. Stuart used the database formed from the data generated in the first meeting to get into those specifics. The purpose of these meetings was and of future meetings will be to provide opportunity for community leadership and engagement in the review, revision, and updating of the respective 2007 Neighborhood Revitalization Plan. The timeline that LISC had set is as follows: 2007: East and Central Hillside Neighborhood Plans created 2007 to now: Progress on some fronts, continued challenges on other fronts, and new opportunities 2011: Take stock and review Thus, being Year 2011, this year during March and April At Home in Duluth Collaborative reviewed. Then in May of 2011 CDBG held public forums; in May and June of 2011 At

Home in Duluth Collaborative held two public meetings in each of the five core neighborhoods. What is on the agenda next for Year 2011? The timeline is as follows: July August: Staff prepares updated plans September: Another round of community meetings October (late): Plans must be complete, and LISC will release them at the Connecting the Dots event on November 5, 2011 Thus, if you want a second chance to give input, look for the advertisements of the September community meetings, attend them with your neighbors. If you want to know the outcome of the input from these meetings in the core neighborhoods, please attend Connecting the Dots on November 5, 2011. Too, perhaps Ms. Stuart will find a way to get the outcomes to the City Council this year.

July 2011 Hillsider - Page 11

Photo BY BrUce howeLL

Photo BY BrUce howeLL

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Scot Bol holds the piece of rhubarb plant that won both the largest leaf and largest stalk contest at the 2011 Rhrubarb Festival. Hundreds of pies along with other treats made from rhubarb were sold during the festival with proceeds benefiting Churches United in Ministry (CHUM).

Ell Jereczek looks upstream as his and a flotilla of other rubber ducks travel toward the finish line in the 5th Annual Rubber Duck Races held at Chester Bowl on Tuesday, June 14th. The event is co-hosted by Gitche Gumee KIWANIS and Chester Bowl Improvement Club (CBIC). Ducks cost $5 each and proceeds support youth and community programs. The first 50 ducks to reach the finish line won prizes.

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FREE RUMMAGE SALE!!! Saturday, July 16th 11:00 am -2:00 pm Hillside Church will host a free rummage sale. Open to anyone in the community!!! Items include kids and adult clothing, household items and much more! Hillside Church is located in the Encounter building at 201 E. 1st St. Call 728-5500 or visit www.hillsidealive.com for more information.

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July 2011 Hillsider - Page 12

Summer Sun
activities for families and children
Duluth Art Institute 506 west michigan Street, Duluth
218-733-7560

Chester Creeks 29th Concert Series

Concerts are held Tuesday nights, 7:00-8:30 PM, June 7 to August 9, 2011. For weather cancellations, call the Chester Creek Concert Hotline at 218-730-4326 after 6:00 PM. For more information, visit duluthmn.gov/parks.

KIDS ART CAMP Painting, drawing, sculpture, ceramics, fiber arts and photography. Ages 7-12 Mon - Fri 9 AM - 4 PM $200 $250 non-members SESSION 2 Dates 7/11 - 7/15 SESSION 3 Dates 7/18 - 7/22 SESSION 4 Dates 7/25 - 7/29

Jay Cooke State Park

780 hwy. 210, carlton, mn 55718 218- 384-4610 ext: 227.

WILDLIFE ADVENTURES DAY Minnesota Wildlife programs presented by Lake Superior Zoo staff. Date: 7/ 23 Sat 1 PM - 3 PM FREE with vehicle permit $5/day

Free Movies in the Park Schedule

From July 15 through September 9, a free movie will be show in Leif Erikson Park every Friday night. These movies are organized by Twin Ports Outdoor Movies. For more information, visit twinportsoutdoormovies.com.

Camp Miller

tel. 218-722-4745 x181 camping@duluthymca.org | www.ymcacampmiller.org

Duluth Childrens Museum 506 west michigan Street, Duluth, mn 55802

218-733-7543 CAMP COOK Mix together a cup of science, a can of math and a pinch of history to get this wonderfully tasting summer camp. Ages 8-12 Dates 7/18 - 7/22 Mon - Fri 9 AM - 3 PM $160 nonmember $130 member DESIGN TIME CAMP Learn the basic concepts of art and architecture.Ages 6-10 Dates 7/25 7/29 Mon - Fri 9 AM - 3 PM $160 nonmember $130 member

Camp Kitchigami

tel.218-722-4745x112|daycamp.kitchigami@gmail.com