Catalog HY13-1553-001/NA,EU
Introduction
General Description
All control is achieved by the proper positioning of the
swash plate. This is achieved by a servo piston acting on
one end of the swash plate working against the combined
effect of the off-setting forces of the pistons and centering
spring on the other end. The control spool acts as a
metering valve which varies the pressure behind the
servo piston.
As shown in Figure 1, the amount of flow produced by
the Parker Piston Pump is dependent upon the length of
stroke of the pumping pistons. This length of stroke, in
turn, is determined by the position of the swash plate.
Maximum flow is achieved at an angle of 17°.
The rotating piston barrel, driven by the prime mover,
moves the pistons in a circular path and the piston
slippers are supported hydrostatically against the face of
ROTATING
PISTON
BARREL
PUMPING
PISTON
DRIVE
SHAFT
OIL FLOW
SWASH
PLATE
FIGURE 1. Pumping Action
Hydraulics
Variable Volume Piston Pumps
Series PAVC 33/38/65/100
the swash plate. When the swash plate is in a vertical
position, perpendicular to the centerline of the piston
barrel, there is no piston stroke and consequently no
fluid displacement. When the swash plate is positioned
at an angle, the pistons are forced in and out of the barrel
and fluid displacement takes place. The greater the angle
of the swash plate, the greater the piston stroke.
The centerline of the pumping piston assembly is offset
from the centerline of the swash plate. Therefore, as
shown on the accompanying Figure 1A, the pistons’
effective summation force tends to destroke the swash
plate to a vertical (neutral) position. This destroking force
is balanced as the swash plate is angled by the force of
the servo piston.
SUMMATION OF
OUTPUT PISTON FORCES
INPUT
SERVO PISTON
FIGURE 1A.
Parker Hannifin Corporation
A14 Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division
Greeneville, Tennessee
Catalog HY13-1553-001/NA,EU
Control Options Series PAVC 33/38/65/100
Pressure Compensated Control
Swash plate angle controls the output flow of the pump.
Swash plate angle is controlled by the force generated
against the swash plate by the pumping pistons and by
the force of the servo piston. The force of the servo
piston is greater than the force of the pumping pistons
when both are at the same pressure.
By means of internal porting, pressure is connected from
the output port to the servo piston via orifice (E), and to
the control spool via passage (D). Also pressure is
applied to the control spool chamber thru orifice (F). As
long as the pressures at both ends of the control spool
remain equal, the spool will remain offset upward, due to
the added force of the spring.
When pressure reaches the setting of the compensator
control, the dart leaves its seat causing the pressure in
the spool chamber to be reduced. The spool now moves
downward causing pressure in the servo piston cavity to
vent via port “A”. The reduced pressure at the servo
piston allows the servo piston to move to the right. This
movement reduces the angle of the swash plate and
thereby reduces the pumps output flow.
As pump pressure on the control spool drops below
pressure and spring force in the spool chamber,
the control spool moves upward to maintain an equilibrium
on both sides of the spool. If pump pressure falls below
CONTROL OPTION - ‘OMIT’
SWASHPLATE AIRBLEED VALVE
ASSEMBLY
PISTON
INLET BARREL
D
PISTON
SERVO PISTON E CONTROL
CONTROL DRAIN
PORT “A”
PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR
ADJUSTMENT
A15
Hydraulics
Variable Volume Piston Pumps
compensator control setting, the control spool moves
up, bringing the pump to maximum displacement.
P Adjustment of PAVC Pumps A
PROCEDURE:
a. Standard Pressure Compensated Pump
Pumps are shipped from factory with a differential
pressure of approximately 150 PSI (10 bar) on PAVC
33/38/65, PAVC 100 is 300 PSI (21 bar) at 50% of
maximum swash angle. Differential pressure will
not normally change through the life of the pump. If
this control has been tampered with, a close
approximation of the correct setting can be made as
follows:
Dead head the pump (no flow) with a 0-207 bar (0-
3000 PSI) gauge in the OUTLET (not the low signal
“B” port), back the pressure compensator adjustment
out (full counterclockwise).
The gauge should read between 22-26 bar (325-375
PSI) PAVC 33, 38 & 65, 34-40 bar (500-
575 PSI) PAVC 100. If the gauge reads different
than this, turn the differential adjustment knob
(Differential Option 4) or add/remove shims (Omit
Option) until correct pressure figure is reached.
(AT CONSTANT SPEED)
FLOW
OUTLET
PRESSURE
SPOOL AND
SLEEVE
CONTROL SPOOL
SPRING CHAMBER
DIFFERENTIAL
ADJUSTMENT
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division
Greeneville, Tennessee
Catalog HY13-1553-001/NA,EU Variable Volume Piston Pumps
Control Options Series PAVC 33/38/65/100

Remote Pressure Control

Control Type (M)
Remote control of the PAVC output pressure can be
achieved by controlling the pressure in the low signal “B”
port when the pump is set up for Control Type (M). A
manual, hydraulically piloted, electrical or electro-
proportionally controlled pressure control device is
installed in the line from the low signal “B” port to tank.
The pump will then maintain pressure approximately
equal to the pressure in the “B” port plus the pump
differential setting.
Low Pressure Standby
This option can be used as an alternative to the load
sensing option (A) to achieve low pressure standby.
Minimum standby pressure is somewhat higher than that
achieved using option (A). In the compensating mode
there is approximately 1.1 LPM (.3 GPM) flow from the
low signal “B” port in addition to 3.4 LPM (.9 GPM) flow
from the control drain port “A”.
Multiple Pressure Standby
If the pressure level in the low signal “B” port is limited
by a relief valve, as the desired pump outlet pressure is
reached, the relief valve in the “B” port will allow the
pump to standby at a preset pressure. Adding to this
concept, multiple, remotely piloted relief valves plumbed
in parallel in the “B” port line can yield multiple, sequential
pressure settings.
Electrohydraulic Pressure & Flow Control
A proportional pressure control valve can be used in
place of relief valves to give variable pressure control
proportional to an electrical input signal to the valve. By
combining this arrangement with a swash plate position
sensing device, amplifier, and logic circuit, servo control
of pressure and/or flow is achieved. NOTE: In most
systems, a load equivalent to the minimum operating
pressure of the pump cannot be guaranteed. Because of
this, a sequence valve is required in the discharge line to
maintain servo flow control. Please refer to ordering
information section for servo components.

(AT CONSTANT SPEED)

CONTROL OPTION - ‘M’

FLOW
SWASHPLATE AIRBLEED VALVE
ASSEMBLY

PRESSURE

PISTON OUTLET

INLET BARREL
D

PISTON

SERVO PISTON E CONTROL

SPOOL AND
SLEEVE

PORT “B”

CONTROL DRAIN CONTROL SPOOL

PORT “A” SPRING CHAMBER

PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL
COMPENSATOR ADJUSTMENT
ADJUSTMENT

Parker Hannifin Corporation

A16 Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division
Hydraulics Greeneville, Tennessee
Catalog HY13-1553-001/NA,EU Variable Volume Piston Pumps
Control Options Series PAVC 33/38/65/100

Pressure & Flow Control (Load Sensing)

Control Type (A)
Flow control is achieved by placing an orifice (fixed or
adjustable) in the pump outlet port. The pressure drop
( P) across this flow control is the governing signal that
controls the pump’s output, as explained below.
Whenever the pressure drop at the flow control increases
(indicating an increase in output flow), the pump attempts
to compensate by decreasing the output flow. It does this
by sensing the lower pressure on the downstream side of
the flow control via line (C), which is balanced against
the pump pressure via passage (D), on the control spool.
The control spool is forced down against the control
spool spring by differential pressure. This vents the
servo piston cavity, destroking the pump to a point where
the set pressure drop across the orifice is maintained
and the flow is obtained.
The converse of this is also true whenever the pressure
drop decreases (indicating a decrease in output flow). In
this case, the control spool is forced up. This increases
pump displacement in an attempt to maintain the
predetermined pressure drop or constant flow.
It should be noted that the pump is still pressure
compensated and destrokes at the selected pressure
setting. The pressure compensator control will override
the flow control whenever the pressure compensator
control setting is reached.
Low Pressure Standby
This arrangement can also be used to provide low pressure
standby by venting the “B” port through a simple on/off
valve suitable for flows of 3.8-7.6 LPM (1-2 GPM). When
flow or pressure is required, this valve is closed allowing A
system pressure to build behind the control spool and
bringing the pump on-stroke.
Load Sensing
If, instead of measuring the pressure drop across the
orifice in the pump outlet port, it is measured downstream
of a directional control valve, a constant pressure drop
will be maintained across the valve spool. This results in
a constant flow for any given opening of the directional
control valve regardless of the work load downstream or
the operating speed of the pump.
The pump “senses” the amount of pressure necessary to
move the load and adjusts output flow to match the valve
opening selected and pressure to overcome the load
plus the preset P across the valve spool.
The benefits of this arrangement are that excellent,
repeatable flow characteristics are achieved, and
considerable energy savings are realized while metering,
compared to using a straight pressure compensated
system.

CONTROL OPTION - ‘A’

(AT CONSTANT SPEED)

SWASHPLATE AIRBLEED VALVE FLOW CONTROL
ASSEMBLY ADJUSTMENT
FLOW

PISTON SYSTEM PRESSURE

PRESSURE
INLET BARREL
D

PISTON

C
SERVO PISTON E CONTROL
SPOOL
AND
SLEEVE

SIGNAL LINE

PORT “B”
F

CONTROL DRAIN CONTROL SPOOL

PORT “A” SPRING CHAMBER

PRESSURE COMPENSATOR DIFFERENTIAL

ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT

Parker Hannifin Corporation

A17 Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division
Hydraulics Greeneville, Tennessee
Catalog HY13-1553-001/NA,EU Variable Volume Piston Pumps
Control Options Series PAVC 33/38/65/100

Pressure & Power (Torque) Control

Control Type (H)
The power control is sensitive to the position of the spool to move downward, venting the servo piston cavity
servo piston. When the servo piston is to the right, the and causing the servo piston to move to the right. This
swash plate causes low flow and the power control reduces output flow and thereby power.
piston develops maximum spring pressure on its
As indicated in the pictorial drawing, pressure in
companion poppet (mechanical feedback). When the
the control spool chamber is affected by both the pressure
servo piston is left and the flow is high, the power control
compensator control and the power control. The resultant
piston reduces spring pressure on the poppet. This
pressure in this chamber is a function of the set points of
allows it to open under less pressure in the control spool
these two controls. Both set points are adjustable.
chamber, thereby venting some of the pressure in the
control spool chamber. As with the operation of the
pressure compensator control, this allows the control

(AT CONSTANT SPEED)

FLOW
CONTROL OPTION - ‘H’
SWASHPLATE AIRBLEED VALVE
ASSEMBLY
PRESSURE

PISTON OUTLET

INLET BARREL
D

PISTON

SERVO PISTON E CONTROL

SPOOL AND
SLEEVE
POWER
CONTROL
PISTON

CONTROL DRAIN CONTROL SPOOL

PORT “A” SPRING CHAMBER

POWER (TORQUE) PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL

ADJUSTMENT COMPENSATOR ADJUSTMENT
ADJUSTMENT

Parker Hannifin Corporation

A18 Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division
Hydraulics Greeneville, Tennessee
Catalog HY13-1553-001/NA,EU Variable Volume Piston Pumps
Technical Information

How to read input power control curve data.

A
1800 RPM
FLOW KW HP
18.6 25
N·m In-Lbs
90.4 800
LPM GPM
60.6 16 14.9 20

53.0 14

Input Power
67.8 600

Input Torque
45.4 12 11.2 15
Flow

37.9 10
45.2 400
30.3 8 7.5 10
22.7 6
22.6 200
15.1 4 3.7 5
7.6 2
0 0 0 0 0 0
Bar 0 69 138 207
PSI 0 1000 2000 3000
Pressure
POWER

1. Power “A” curve corresponds to flow “A” curve. This represents a particular
setting of the power (torque) control.
2. With this setting the maximum power required will be as shown
at the apex (maximum point) of the power curve.

3. The flow at this setting will follow the flow vs. pressure curve shown.

4. Example – 1800 RPM, curve labeled “C”:

A. Flow will follow curve “C” and pump will deadhead at 190 bar (2750 PSI).
B. Full flow will not be realized above 83 bar (1200 PSI).
C. Flow at 103 bar (1500 PSI) will be approximately 48.1 LPM (12.7 GPM).
D. Maximum power [11 KW (15 HP)] occurs at approximately 117 bar (1700 PSI).

5. Torque values are shown to correspond to powers at speed shown.

Parker Hannifin Corporation

A19 Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division
Hydraulics Greeneville, Tennessee
Catalog HY13-1553-001/NA,EU Variable Volume Piston Pumps
Control Options Series PAVC 33/38/65/100

Pressure, Power & Flow Control

Control Type (C)
In addition to the three control configurations just
discussed, it is possible to combine all three control
devices in one pump. In this mode, the position of
the control spool is a function of the actions of the
pressure compensator adjustment, power adjustment,
and flow control.

(AT CONSTANT SPEED)

FLOW
PRESSURE

CONTROL OPTION - ‘C’

SWASHPLATE AIRBLEED VALVE FLOW CONTROL
ASSEMBLY ADJUSTMENT

PISTON SYSTEM PRESSURE

INLET BARREL
D

PISTON

C
SERVO PISTON E CONTROL
SPOOL
AND
SLEEVE
POWER
CONTROL SIGNAL LINE
PISTON
PORT “B”
F

CONTROL DRAIN CONTROL SPOOL

PORT “A” SPRING CHAMBER

POWER (TORQUE) PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL

ADJUSTMENT COMPENSATOR ADJUSTMENT
ADJUSTMENT

Parker Hannifin Corporation

A20 Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division
Hydraulics Greeneville, Tennessee