CONTEMPORARY WORLD

GLOBALIZATION
 Topic 1
Understanding Globalization
Learning Objectives :
A. Define Globalization
B. Identify Globalization Theories
C. Trace the Origins and History of
Globalization
 Introduction
How globalized are you?
Activity # 1
Defining Globalization
 • It evokes images of a
world in which goods,
services, capital, and
information flow across
seamless national borders.
• In this world, the choices
over where to produce,
shop, invest, and save are
no longer confined within
national borders but have
taken on a decidedly
global orientation
(Ceglowski, 2018).
Pic. Source:
https://www.newamerica.org/oti/events/digital-
globalization-the-new-era-of-global-flows-and-what-it-
means-for-the-united-states/
 Globalization is an acce
lerating set of processes
involving flows that
encompass ever-greater
numbers of the world’s
spaces and that lead to
increasing integration
and interconnectivity
among those spaces.
• all those processes by
which the people of the
world are incorporated into
a single world society.

• it is a process that
increases either
homogeneity or
heterogeneity
Homogeneity –the quality or state of being all the same or all
of the same kind
“the cultural homogeneity of our society” (Oxford, 2018)
HOMOGENEITY IS OFTEN LINKED TO
CULTURAL IMPERIALISM
 IMPERIALISM

It is a broad concept that

describes various methods
employed by one country
to gain control of another
country and then to
exercise control, especially
political, economic, and
territorial, over that country,
and perhaps many other
countries.

Pic. Source: https://philosophersforchange.org/2015/02/17/the-

new-imperialism/
Examples of Imperialism
Heterogeneity - the quality or state of being diverse
in character or content
“the genetic heterogeneity of human populations”
 CULTURAL
HYBRIDIZATION
- is the blending of the
elements from different
cultures
Some aspects are :
• Language-
Example/s?
• Music - that can be
mixed with other
cultures
Ex. People will take
US pop music and
create something new
from it in Korea
KPOP Music is
becoming popular
worldwide
Others Example?
Food/cuisine
Fashion/clothing
Inter-marriage/races
Glocalization- is the concept that in a global
market, a product or service is more likely to
succeed when it is customized for the locality or
culture in which it is sold
- the practice of conducting business according
to both local and global considerations.
 Creolization-means more than just mixture; it involves the
creation of new cultures ( Romberg, 2017)
 is the process in which Creole cultures emerge in the New
World
 the process of language mixing to produce new ones, used
especially to refer to mixtures of local languages with
European languages
 Amalgamation - the process in which separate organizations
unite to form a larger organization or group
 Amalgamation
- an organization or group
formed in this way:

a. The association was formed

by the amalgamation of
several regional
organizations.

b. The company began as an a

malgamation of small family
firms
Alamagation Memes
 Assignment
 Please do Assessment Task # 1 :
Construct a Concept Map

 Kindly read and follow instructions in

canvas
 Theories
of
Globalization

.
 World System Theory

Classified the countries into three:

-CORE: rich & developed states

-PERIPHERY: poor & dependent states

-SEMI-PERIPHERY: the ‘in-between; semi-

industrialised states
Pic. Source:
http://greenfieldgeography.wikispaces.com/Disparities+and+ch
ange
Theory of the Global System
The model involves Transnational Practices (TNPs)
at three levels:

-the economic, whose agent is transnational

capital;

-the political, whose agent is a transnational

capitalist class (TCC);

-the cultural-ideological, whose agent is

cultural elites.
 Network Society
-”technologistic” approach to globalization or ”Age of info
rmation” or “informationalism”

-digital connectivity and empowerment of the

internet and the World Wide Web

-Generation Z or Gen Z (also known as iGeneration

or iGen and Post-Millennials
 LIBERALISM

- Gives emphasis on Welfare and Freedom

- Liberalism sees the process of globalization as
market-led extension of modernization.
- it is a result of ‘natural’ human desires for
economic welfare and political liberty.
 POLITICAL REALISM
- Power

-Importance of sovereign states (balance of power,

dominant state at a particular moment; consequent
interests)

-Stressing the uneven nature of globalization

 MARXISM
- Equality
- abolish capitalism and orivate ownership of
property
- Class relations/conflict between Bourgeious(
rich/elite) and Proletariat (workers/laborers)
-Production & distribution shld be owned by
Government
-Excessive emphasis on class conflict
 CONSTRUCTIVISM
- Transplanetary connectivity due to the importance
of symbols, language, interpretation, etc. in
constructing the social world
 Postmodernism

- emphasize relativity or
Subjectivism and individuality
-critique include universalist notions
of objective reality, morality and truth
 Feminism
-Subordination/marginalization of women

-feminization of poverty

-According to study (Rios, 2015) women are poorer than

men in every state, regardless of education or
geographic location.
 Eclecticism
- does not hold rigidly to a single paradigm or set of
assumptions, but instead draws upon multiple
theories
 ASSIGNMENT

Please do Assessment Task # 2 :

CHART COMPLETION

Kindly read and follow instructions in

canvas