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A 291 - 02 Qti5ms0wmg
A 291 - 02 Qti5ms0wmg
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 291
relieved after machining. full-size prolongation left on one end of each individual
4.5.3 Boring—Forgings, after being heat treated for me- forging or on both ends of the multiple forging if the forgings
chanical properties and subsequently bored, shall be stress are made in multiple. The nominal or specified outside rough-
relieved. machined diameter or thickness of the forgings, disregarding
large ends, collars and flanges, shall determine the size of
5. General Requirements prolongations for test specimens.
5.1 Unless otherwise specified herein, the requirements of 7.1.3.3 The axis of the longitudinal tension test specimen
Specification A 788 shall apply to forgings supplied to this shall be located at any point 11⁄4 in. (31.75 mm) below the
specification. surface of the forging. The axis of the tangential test specimen
shall be located as near to the surface of the forging as
6. Chemical Requirements practicable.
6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemical 7.2 Brinell Hardness:
composition prescribed in Table 1. 7.2.1 The material shall conform to the requirements for
6.2 The limits for elements other than carbon, manganese, hardness as prescribed in Table 3. Brinell hardness tests shall
phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon in Class 2 alloy shall be agreed be made on prepared areas on the forgings after machining to
upon between the manufacturer and purchaser. the sizes ordered by the purchaser and after stress relieving if
stress relieving is required.
7. Mechanical Requirements 7.2.2 Number and Location of Tests—On each forging 8 in.
7.1 Tensile and Impact Requirements: (203 mm) and over in diameter, four Brinell hardness tests
7.1.1 The material shall conform to the requirements for shall be made on the outside surface of that portion of the
tensile and impact properties prescribed in Table 2 when tested forging on which teeth will be cut, two tests being made on
in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370 and each helix 180° apart and the tests on the two helices shall be
impact properties (see S2) when agreed upon between the 90° apart. On each forging under 8 in. in diameter, two Brinell
purchaser and the supplier. hardness tests shall be made, one on each helix 180° apart.
7.1.2 Classification—The nominal or specified rough- Hardness tests shall be performed at the quarter-face width of
machined diameter or thickness of solid forgings, disregarding the tooth portion diameter. On shaft forgings, two hardness
large ends, collars and flanges, or the nominal rough-machined tests shall be made on each end 180° apart.
wall thickness of bored forgings shall determine the size 7.2.3 Test Method—Tests shall be made in accordance with
classification. Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
7.1.3 Number, Location, and Orientation of Test Specimens: 8. Retreatment
7.1.3.1 At least one tension test specimen either longitudinal
or tangential at the option of the manufacturer shall be taken 8.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any forging do
from each forging unless a number of forgings are forged and not conform to the specified requirements, the manufacturer
treated in multiple, in which case one tension test specimen may retreat the forging one or more times, but not more than
shall be taken from each end of the multiple forging. When three additional times without approval of the purchaser.
impact tests are specified in accordance with Supplementary 9. Dimensions and Tolerance
Requirement S2, one set of impact tests shall also be taken 9.1 The forgings shall conform to the dimensions and
from each end of the multiple forging. When agreed upon tolerances specified on the purchaser’s drawing or order.
between the manufacturer and the purchaser, forgings weigh-
ing less than 500 lb (227 kg) each (rough-machined weight) 10. Certification and Reports
may be tested in lots; the number of forgings to make up a lot 10.1 Material test reports as specified in Specification A 788
shall be by mutual agreement. are required and shall include the final austenitizing and
7.1.3.2 Tension and impact test specimens shall be taken tempering temperatures, holding times, and methods of cool-
from an extension of the main body of the forging, or from a ing.
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A 291
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Product Analysis
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 291
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser on the
order and agreed to by the manufacturer.
S1. Rough Turning and Boring Charpy V-Notch, ft·lbf (J), 70°F
(21°C) min
S1.1 The position of rough turning and boring in the Class Longitudinal Transverse (Tangential)
4 30 (40) 20 (27)
sequence of manufacturing operations is specified. 5 25 (34) 15 (20)
6 25 (34) 15 (20)
7 20 (27) 10 (13)
S2. Impact Tests 8 8 (11) ...
S3. Nondestructive Examination
S2.1 Impact tests shall be made. The specimens shall be
machined and tested in accordance with Test Methods and S3.1 Magnetic particle examination may be specified in
Definitions A 370 with minimum properties and test tempera- accordance with Test Method A 275/A 275M.
S3.2 Ultrasonic examination may be specified in accordance
tures specified as follows. The Charpy V-notch test temperature
with Practice A 388/A 388M.
should be 70 to 80°F (21 to 27°C).
Charpy V-Notch, ft·lbf (J), 70°F S4. Phosphorus
(21°C) min S4.1 Phosphorus shall not exceed 0.015 %, and sulfur shall
Class Longitudinal Transverse (Tangential)
1 10 (13) 8 (11) not exceed 0.018 % for all classes.
2 10 (13) 8 (11)
3 30 (40) 20 (27)
S5. Vacuum Degassing
3A 30 (40) 20 (27) S5.1 The molten steel shall be vacuum treated prior to, or
during, pouring of the ingot, to remove objectionable gases,
particularly hydrogen.
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