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MINOR PROJECT Bharat Pe
MINOR PROJECT Bharat Pe
“BHARAT PAY”
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD
OF THE DEGREE BACHELOR OF BUSINESS
ADMINISTRATION
(2021-2024)
Date: Signature
2/P
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to express my gratitude and thanks to my professor and guide Ms.
Parul Sharma for his valuable help and guidance, and for encouragement that
he has given me in completing this project on the topic “BHARAT PAY”.
KRISH PAHUJA
00315101721
3/P
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
INTRODUCTION
The Bharat Bill payment system is a Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
conceptualised system driven by National Payments Corporation of India
(NPCI). It is a one-stop ecosystem for payment of all bills providing an
interoperable and accessible “Anytime Anywhere” Bill payment service
to all customers across India with certainty, reliability and safety of
transactions.
Bharat Bill Pay - The One stop destination for all recurring
payments
Bharat Bill Pay has multiple modes of payment and provides instant
confirmation of payment via an SMS or receipt. It offers myriad Bill
collection categories like electricity, telecom, DTH, gas, water bills, etc.
and also other repetitive payments like insurance premium, mutual
funds, school fees, institution fees, credit cards, fastag recharge, local
taxes, housing society payments, etc. at one single window. An effective
mechanism for handling consumer complaints has also been put in place
to support consumer regarding any Bill related problems in Bharat Bill
Pay
Different Payment Channels
Bharat Bill Payment Operating Unit aka BBPOU is the entity that is
authorized by Reserve Bank of India. It can be a Bank or a Non-Bank.
BBPOU may choose to integrate either with the customers, (COU:
Customer OU) or with the billers (Biller OU) or may wish to participate as
both – which means such BBPOU will be integrated with customers as
well as billers.
Going forward, only authorised BBPOU - both banks and non-banks
authorised by RBI - can handle payment and aggregation of payment
services relating to bills under the scope of Bharat BillPay.
Agent Institutions
Eligible Entities who wish to offer or those who are currently in Bill
payment, collection and aggregation business, would operate under a
COU (Customer BBPOU).
Customer BBPOU will on-board Agent institutions which may further on-
board agents and/ or set up customer service points in various regions
and locations.
Agents
Agents are the customer touch points and service points in the Bharat
BillPay ecosystem available in the form of agent outlets, Business
Correspondent outlets, Bank branches, collection centres, retail outlets.
Biller/Utility Company
ABSTRACT
At the present time, digital payment system is popularity due to the ‘Digital
India’ strategy. There are various set up of digital payment system. BHARAT
PAY is one such payment system which is simple and safe method to transfer
money rapidly. This research study conducted in Karaikudi Town. The Data for
the study have been collected from 120 respondents through structured
questionnaires. The data collected through questionnaires were analysed using
percentage analysis. Keywords: digital payment, digital India, BHARAT PAY
Introduction The vision of Digital India strategy is to transform India into a
digitally empowered society and knowledge economy On January 8, 2018,
Google declared that Google Wallet would be combined into Android Pay, with
the service as Google Pay. It is called as BHARAT PAY. Google Pay is one such
system of digital India. The demand of Google Pay system has been growing
society now-a-days. Most of the people (literate and illiterate) using in
BHJARAT PAY app installed our Smartphone. Peoples are pay through
electronically their transactions i.e. purchasing products at shops, consuming
services, mobile recharges, online shopping, electricity bill, etc., BHARAT PAY is
simple and safe system to transfer money immediately This system gives more
financial flexibility to the dealers and customers as well as people who desire
to send or receive money. BHARAT PAY is a
Review of Literature
Satinder Bal Gupta, R. K. (2020)
[1]. The use of E-payment system is increasing at a very fast rate. Day by day
the numbers of users are moving towards online payment systems instead of
using plastic money like cash etc. Making online transactions is very convenient
and time saving. People can pay online not only for shopping but also for
different purposes as many different apps are available that offers many
services to the users. This paper studies the reasons of increasing popularity
and use of payment apps by the people of India for making payments online
and the continuous growth of these payment apps in India. The authors of this
paper analysed three most popular payment Apps used in India namely,
BHARAT PAY
The underlying reasons for such massive growth are increased mobile & internet
penetration in the country with lightweight acceptance infrastructure (QR codes),
open-source platform, interoperability, ease of use and zero merchant discount fees
offered by FinTech giants like Google Pay, PhonePe, BharatPe and few more.
The following fig shows how the payment system in India has changed over the
period. Let us look broadly at how the industry functions based on the user group.
The digital payment industry classifies into P2P (Person-to-Person) or P2M (Person-
to-Merchant).
In P2P based digital payment, the transaction is recorded between two individuals.
In this article, we will be studying the business model of BharatPe because of its
unique strategies and getting into the top ranks of the digital payments industry
within a short span of three to four years since its inception.
BharatPe
Unlike PhonePe and GooglePe, the founders of the BharatPe UPI decided to work
on a single QR Code application. The payment system was closed-loop before
BharatPe entered the market.
If the merchant was signed up with the PhonePe, the merchant was left with no
choice but to use only a valid PhonePe QR code for the transaction.
With BharatPe entering into the market, it proposed a unique value proposition that
attracted a lot of merchants because of interoperable QR codes for payments
Well, then the question that you may ask here is: What is the model of
working as a business for BharatPe?
“One, margins were low in retail; and two, shopkeepers won’t pay for service.
But he did realise shopkeepers were ready to pay interest on loans. That’s
when he decided to do something in the fintech space, with merchants at the
centre.”
We should analyze why did the founder go for such a strategy? What outcomes did
this strategy result in?
The Merchants make nearly 15% and take away 6-7% profit after deducting the cost
to run their business. The problem here is an MDR of 1.5%. When you use a digital
platform like PhonePe, Google Pay, or PayTm because of MDR, the profit margin
reduces to 4.5%.
This is demotivating for any merchant to use for transaction purposes and on top of
this, as the QR code operators operated in a closed-loop.
BharatPe provided this service for free and made the interoperability of QR code
easily accessible which pulled the other players to become interoperable and keep
the MDR at 0%.
You don’t see that the company also earns 12% when you lend money to a peer. So
basically, BharatPe charges 2% monthly to the debtor and passes 1% per month to
the lender. That is where big money comes in for the company.
The exciting part is that the company said that their repayment of loans stood at
96%.
Understanding how the loan model works for BharatPe as a revenue
driver:
The company has developed Artificial Intelligence (AI) backed algorithm that studies
the transaction of merchants and, based on that, tries to decode the business’s cash
flow.
This is further used to know the merchant’s loan history and credit score, which is
further processed for a willing debtor to disburse a loan by NBFC partner of
BharatPe without asking for any collateral in return for the cashless loan.
These are unsecured loans ranging between INR 20,000 to INR 7 lakhs for 12
months with a monthly charge of 2% for the debtor.
Currently, BharatPe processes loans worth about ₹300 crores each month.
The cost drivers for the company lies in a grey area because of the unexplained
miscellaneous section. This section accounts for nearly 50%-70% of every financial
year. These expenses had blown up 11.6 times to Rs 141.8 crore during FY20 from
Rs 12.2 crore in FY19.
IT expenses also shoot up nearly 7.3x, followed by an 11.2x increase in costs under
the employee benefits category.
Overall, the cost drivers are taking a toll heavily on the revenue, especially when
company transactions are undisclosed.
Although the company has taken about 8 – 10% of the market share, it is still a very
nascent stage startup to be profitable. Currently, the company is aggressively
focusing on acquiring consumers and increasing the market share to beat the giants
like PhonePe and Google Pay. It should also be noted that
The National Payments Corporation of India has set out new guidelines for digital
payment apps limiting their share in the overall volume of transactions on the unified
payment interface at 30% in a bid to enforce parity in the country’s fast-growing
digital payments industry.
The company has also launched secure lending on its platform, providing loans in
exchange for collateral.
“We have just launched our first secured lending product in the form of gold loan,”
Sameer says.
“Over a period, we will launch more and more products like auto loans, loans
against property and so on. Therefore, the focus is to launch and scale a series of
merchant-focused lending products for the business.”
Story Contributors:
Sanket Chhajed BharatPe became very popular after its launch in 2018 among
businessmen as it solved a unique problem. BharatPe's boost generally
happened during the pandemic when no payment app was charging transaction
fees below 1.5%.
This was the time when BharatPe cashed in on the opportunity. They made
transactions absolutely free.
This is why a lot of business owners who had to do large transactions daily,
shifted to BharatPe. Today, it has more than 7.5 million active users in its app.
Apart from providing free transactions, it also has solved a number of other
problems.
There is also a lot more to see about the business model which has grown to
such an extent in such a small time. So, without any further ado, let us talk about
the BharatPe business model.
About BharatPe
BharatPe is a fintech company headquartered in Bangalore. This payment
aggregator has enabled transactions without any kind of fees.
He has been working with startups for a pretty long time. Previously he was also
the CFO of Grofers, the grocery e-commerce giant. Ashneer has also led the
Corp Dev for Amex India.
Bhavik Koladiya has decent knowledge and experience about Fintech in general.
He is heading the product and technology of the company.
Making transactions free encouraged more people to use the platform. It also
kind of did indirect marketing of BharatPe. When the vendors came on this
platform, they started exploring the platform in a great way.
The platform has been designed as a one-stop solution for all kinds of payments.
They have devised various kinds of products to cater to the people.
These applications are actually solving the main pain points of the businessman.
Apart from this, they have also introduced BharatSwipe which is an innovative
card swapping system. Another product is called BharatPe digital gold.
How does BharatPe Make Money?
BharatPe tracks the person's transaction using its various products like
Xtremecards and evaluates their capability to return the loan. According to it,
they provide microloans to small businessmen without much paperwork.
They do not provide loans using the CIBIL score. This solution accurately serves
the pain points of small businesses. This is the main source of revenue for the
app.
BharatPe Funding
BharatPe has raised a total of $700 million. They have presently gone through 12
rounds of funding. Apart from that, the company has raised a debt of 100 crores.
Recently BharatPe has upgraded itself by collaborating with NBFC which are
allowed to launch a 12% club by the RBI. This will give them a lot of benefits as
compared to its competitor's who are having the same product.
This is because now any customer can go ahead and invest and can get upto
12% interest. They can borrow upto 10 lakhs.
Growth of BharatPe
Since its inception in 2018, this company has shown rapid growth. Today
BharatPe ranks 4th after Paytm, Google Pay, and PhonePe in terms of users.
Apart from that, it was quick in releasing products which actually solved the
problem of merchants and the public at large.
BharatPe serves 7.5 million+ merchants in more than 140 cities of India, as of
January 2022.
BharatPe Overview
Founded
2018
Status
Private
Employees
1,300
Latest Deal Type
Debt
Latest Deal Amount
$14M
Investors
29
BharatPe General Information
Description
Developer of merchant payment application designed to promote and offer
digital payment services.
Contact Information
Website
www.bharatpe.com
Ownership Status
Privately Held (backing)
Financing Status
Venture Capital-Backed
Primary Industry
Financial Software
Other Industries
Other Financial Services
Primary Office
A-45, Corner Market, Malviya Nagar
Opposite Panchshila Rendezvous
New Delhi, Delhi 110017
BharatPe Timeline
Financing RoundCaptured Employee CountEstimated Employee Growth
BharatPe Comparisons
Description
Primary
Industry
HQ Location
Employees
Total Raised
Post Valuation
r companies. Personalize which data points you want to see and create
visualizations instantly.
BharatPe Competitors (23)
Suhail Sameer Chief Executive Officer, Board Member and Group President
BharatPe Signals
Growth Rate
0.80%Weekly
Growth
-35.5%.530%
219xMedian
Highlights
Funding Rounds 10
Total Funding Amount $680.5M
Lead Investors 12
Investors 23
Funding
BharatPe has raised a total of $680.5M in funding over 10 rounds. Their latest funding was raised
on Oct 25, 2021 from a Debt Financing round.BharatPe is funded by 23 investors. MAS Financial
Services Ltd. and Northern Arc are the most recent investors.
Funding Rounds
Number of Funding Rounds 10
Total Funding Amount $680.5M
Annou Number
Transaction Money
nced of Lead Investors
Name Raised
Dat Investors
Debt Financing
- BharatPe
Aug 2 ₹2B —
19,
2021
Debt Financing
- BharatPe
Series E -
BharatPe
Series D -
BharatPe
Annou Number
Transaction Money
nced of Lead Investors
Name Raised
Dat Investors
Debt Financing
- BharatPe
Series C -
BharatPe
Series B -
BharatPe
Series A -
BharatPe
Number of Investors 23
Yes —
— Bama Balakrishnan
— —
— —
Investor Name Lead Investor Funding Round Partners
— —
— —
Yes —
— —
— —
— Harsh it Sethi
FINDINGS
10.) Majority (45.22%) of the respondents don’t trust the bank security.
SUGGESTION
Provide flexible Payment Options.
REFERENCES
[3] Reserve Bank of India Annual Report 2015-16, Reserve Bank of India, 2016.
[10] Reserve Bank of India (2009) Payment Systems In India Vision 2009-12.
Department of Payment and Settlement Systems. Reserve Bank of India.
[12] National Payments Corporation of India (2013) Banker’s FAQs for Immediate
Payment Service (IMPS). National Payments Corporation of India, Mumbai, April.
[13] Reserve Bank of India (2016) Reserve Bank of India Annual Report 2014-15.
Reserve Bank of India.
[14] Reserve Bank of India (2016) Reserve Bank of India Annual Report 2015-16.
Reserve Bank of India.
[16] Shubha (25 May 2015) Comprehensive, 2015, U.S. Market Analysis of POS
Terminals and EMV & NFC Status Review. Let’s Talk Payments.
https://letstalkpayments.com/comprehensive-2015-u-s-market-analysis-of-pos-
terminals-and-emv-nfc-status-review/
UPI has enabled mobile phone to be used as a primary payment device for
making and accepting payments. UPI leverages high teledensity in India to
enable every bank account holder to make digital transactions using a
mobile phone.
India, which has a poor merchant payment acceptance infrastructure UPI,
enables even the smallest merchant to start accepting digital payments
without the need for any POS machine.
UPI has done away with the need to know the
complicated payment details of the transacting parties,
which makes payments easy and seamless for
transacting parties. Compared to all other payment
systems it would not be misplaced to saythat UPI is the most
advanced payment system in the world. With its standard set of APIs, UPI has
allowed different banks to communicate with each other and has enabled
interoperatability between disparate bank payment systems. In UPI there are no
intermediaries like in card networks, which allows for low transaction costs and
instant settlement. While all other digital modes of payments like cards etc. take
days to complete the transaction and settlement process, UPI allows payment to be
completed in seconds. UPI works on a safe, secure and robust platform with ample
security features to make it more secure than any extant payment systems.
Introduction of biometric authentication in UPI will not only make payments more
secure but will also take a huge leap towards integrating next generation technology
with current payments system. UPI can be a great enabler for financial inclusion in
India and allow a huge set of population to be a part of digital economy.