Eastern Mindoro College

BONGABONG, ORIENTAL MINDORO

Tel. No.(043)-283-5479; email_1945 @ yahoo.com
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

NAME: COURSE:
DATE: TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING & LEARNING 1 ROOM:
CONTACT NO. PROFESSOR:
EMAIL ADD: RATING:

MODULE 2: ICT POLICIES AND ISSUES: IMPLICATIONS TO TEACHING AND LEARNING

WEEK 4_ , 3 HOURS
I. FOCUS:
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
• Discussed some ICT policies and explained their implications to teaching and learning.
• Explained some issues that relate to ICT policies
• Identified safety concerns on Internet including digital safety rules
LESSON 1: POLICIES AND ISSUES ON INTERNET AND IMPLICATIONS TO TEACHING
AND LEARNING
• Named examples of ICT Policies which are applicable to teaching and learning
• Discussed some issues that relate to the ICT policy.
II. INTRODUCTION: Globalization is a reality and ICT has become a fundamental part of the process. A
networked society is one in which the entire planet is organized around telecommunicated networks of
computers. The powerful use of network has broken boundaries, provided opportunities for those who
do not have access or those who are excluded, marginalized and powerless. Thus, a need to establish
policies in the use of ICT is imperative.

As the department of Information, Communication and Technology (DICT) says; “The future has
arrived. Now we have to ensure that we have a place in it.”
New technologies have become central to the lives of every individual in this planet. Whether you
are talking on the phone, sending an electronic mail, going to the bank, using the library, watching news
on television, going to the doctor, catching a flight, or seeing a movie, you are using ICT. Almost
everything that we do in the modern world is influenced by the new technologies.

Would your life as a teacher be also influenced by the new technologies?

Should we leave our lives to be controlled by technology or should we control the utilization of
technology in our lives? How?

III. STRATEGIES
A. ABSTRACTION AND GENERALIZATION

GEAR UP YOUR MIND!

Highlights:
➢ LESSON 1: POLICIES AND ISSUES ON INTERNET AND IMPLICATIONS
TO TEACHING AND LEARNING
Page 1 of 8

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One of enhancing and regulating the use of ICT is to formulate and implement policies to guide
appropriate decisions.

Definitions of ICT Policy

The Oxford English Dictionary has defined “policy” as a course of action, adopted and pursued by a
government, party, ruler, statesman. It is any course of action adopted as expedient or advantageous. Its
operational definition of policy is a plan of action to guide decisions and achieve outcomes.
Thus, ICT Policies are needed to put a roadmap or course of actions to be pursued and adopted by
various governments, organizations, entities involving ICT. These include principles and guidelines in the use
of ICT which cover three main areas: telecommunications (telephone), broadcasting (radio and television) and
Internet.

The New ICT Technologies

More recent technological innovations increased he reach and speed of communications which can be
grouped into three categories:

1. Information Technology – includes the use of computers, which has become indispensable in modern
societies to process data and save time and effort. What are needed will be computer hardware and
peripherals, software and for the user, computer literacy.
2. Telecommunication Technologies – include telephones (with fax) and te broadcasting of radio and
television often through satellites. Telephone system, radio and TV broadcasting are needed in this
category.
3. Networking Technologies – The best known of networking technologies is Internet, but has extended
to mobile phone technology, Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) satellite communications and other
forms of communication are still in their infancy. In addition to Internet, this category also includes mobile
telephone, cable, DSL, satellite and other broad band connectivity.

The DICT Roadmap

In our country, the Department of Information and Communication Technology (DIST) has formulated a
roadmap to guide all agencies in the utilization, regulation and enhancement of ICT. Each project has
corresponding policy statements and guidelines.

The ICT of Education (ICT4E) is a program under the DICT that supports all the efforts of the education
sector in incorporating the use of ICT as well as in determining and gaining access to the infrastructure
(hardware, software, telecommunications facilities and others) which are necessary to use and deploy learning
technologies at all levels of education. Among the policy recommended programs that have applications to
education teaching-learning are:

1. ICT in Education Masterplan for all levels, including a National Roadmap for Faculty Development in
ICT in Education. A National Framework Plan for ICTs in Basic Education was developed.

2. Content and application development through the Open Content in Education Initiative (OCEI) which
converts DepEd materials into interactive multi-media content, develop applications used in schools,
2

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and conduct students and teachers’ competitions to promote the development of education-related web
content.

3. PheDNET, is a “walled” garden that hosts educational learning and teaching materials and applications
for use by Filipino students, their parents and teachers. All public high schools will be part of this network
with only DepEd-approved multi-media applications, materials and mirrored internet sites accessible
from school’s PCs.
4. Established Community eLearning Centers called eSkwela for out-of-school youth (OSY) providing them
with ICT-enhanced alternative education opportunities.

5. Quality Program for tertiary education through partnerships with state universities and colleges (SUCs)
to improve quality of IT education and the use of ICT in education in the country, particularly outside of
Metro Manila.

6. Digital Media Arts Program which builds digital media skills for government using Open-Source
technologies. Particular beneficiary agencies include the Philippine Information Agency and the other
government media organizations, the Cultural center of the Philippines, national Commission for Culture
and Arts and other government art agencies, State Universities and Colleges and local government units.

7. ICT skills strategic plan which develops an intern-agency approach to identifying strategic and policy
and program recommendations to address ICT skills demand-supply type.

All the seven programs were guided by the road map that embeds policy statement that relate to
education specifically in the enhancement of human development for teaching and learning.

Some Issues on ICT and Internet Policy and Regulations

Global Issues
Access and Civil Liberties are two sets of issues in ICT Policy which are crucial to the modern society.
The other concern is civil liberties which refer to human rights and freedom. These include freedom of
expression, the right to privacy, the right to communicate and intellectual property rights.

Access to the Use of Internet and ICT. Access means the possibility for everyone to use the internet and
other media. In richer countries, basic access to internet is almost available to all with faster broadband
connections. These are still countries where access to internet is still a challenge.

Infringement to Civil Liberties or Human Rights. What are specific internet issues on internet policy that
have relationship to civil liberties or human rights? Let’s study the examples that follow.

Issue No. 1: Freedom of Expression and Censorship

Under international human rights conventions, all people are guaranteed the rights for free expression.
However, with the shift from communicating through letter, newspapers and public meetings to electronic

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communications and on-line networking, a need to look into how these new means modifies the understanding
of freedom of expressions and censorship.

The UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights provides that everyone has the right to freedom of
thoughts, conscience and religion, likewise the right to freedom of opinion and expression. However there are
practices that violate these provisions in the use of internet.

Some examples are the following:

1. Individuals’ rights are given up in order to have access to electronic networks. Microsoft Network’s
(MSN’s contract provide protection of individuals like “upload, or otherwise make available files that
contain images, photographs or other materials protected by intellectual property laws, including but
not limiting to copyright or trademark laws, unless you own or control the rights thereto or have
received all necessary consents to do the same.” However Microsoft reserves all rights, in its sole
direction, to terminate access to any or all MSN sites or services.

2. Censorship restricts the transmission of information by blocking it or filtering the information. Blocking
is preventing access to whole areas of internet based upon the “blacklist” of certain Internet address,
location or email addresses while filtering is sifting the packets of data or messages as they move
across computer networks and eliminating those considered “undesirable” materials. The selection
of sites that are blocked of filtered has been considered as an issue.

3. Defamation actions may be used to silence critics. This action defers the freedom of expression.

Warning!!!!
“When you are surfing the web, you may think you are anonymous, but there are various ways that
information about you or your activities can be collected without your consent.”

Issue No. 2: Privacy and Security

Privacy policies are an issue. Most commercial sites have a privacy policy. When someone uses a site
and clicks “I agree” Button, it is as if you have turned over private information to any authority that may access
it.
There are several types of privacy as shown by the following examples:
1. For most, privacy means “personal privacy” the right of individuals not to have their home,
private life or personal life interfered with.
2. Privacy of communication refers to the protection from interference with communication over
the phone or internet. Respect for privacy of communications is an essential prerequisite for
the maintenance of human relationship via technological communications media.
3. Information privacy is related to the use of computers and communications system which are
able to hold and process information about large numbers of people at a high speed. It is
important to ensure that information will only be used for purposes for which it was gathered
and will not be disclosed to others without consent of the individuals.

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Issue No. 3: Surveillance and Data Retention

The use of electronic communications has enhanced the development of indirect surveillance. In the
indirect surveillance, there is no direct contact between the agent and the subject of surveillance but evidence
of activities can be traced. The new and powerful form of indirect surveillance is dataveillance. Dataveillance
is the use of personal information to monitor a person’s activities while data retention is the storage and use
of information from communication systems.
There is very little that can be to prevent surveillance. What can be done is to change the methods of
working to make surveillance difficult. This called “counter surveillance” or “information security” if it refers to
computers and electronic communication.

Issue No. 4: E-pollutants from E-waste

Large amount of e-waste is generated by ICT. These are in particular, terminal equipments used for
computing (PCs, laptops), broadcasting (television and radio sets), telephony (fixed and mobile phones), and
peripherals (fax machines, printers and scanners).
The accumulated e-waste is due to raid turnover of equipment due to rapid improvement of software.
While material waste can be destroyed by crushing, toxic material brought about by the different equipment
requires utmost management. The quantities of e-waste are increasing in both developed and developing
countries. A very dismal state is that there is a significant amount of electronic waste that has been shipped
from industrial countries to developing countries, using less environmentally-responsible procedure.
Remedies include standardization and regulatory measures to increase the life cycle of equipment
before they become obsolete. Efficient extraction of toxic components and requiring the recycling by both
consumers and equipment vendors are selling must be required.
If not controlled then, e-waste will tremendously affect climate change, damage human lives, and
overload the capacity of the earth in carrying solid waste.

Implication to Teaching and Learning

How do the policy guidelines, projects and issues relate to the teaching and learning?
There are great implications of this lesson to both the teachers who are teaching and the learners who
are learning. A few of these are as follows:

For the Teachers and Teaching

1. Guide the teachers on what they should teach that relate to ICT, and how to teach it. Since ICT
development comes so rapid and fast, teachers might be overwhelmed by its rapid speed. Temperance
in its use is a caution that should be looked at.
2. Technology should never any human teacher. The tools are support instructional materials for the
teachers which are available for use. The teacher should learn how to appropriately use them. The
human touch of the teacher is still a vital component in teaching. Teachers should always be reminded
that there are always limitations in the use of the different gadget and tools.
3. There are rules and regulations that govern the use of technology. Caution should be observed to protect
individual privacy. As teachers, you must be aware that the use of technology may jeopardize your
privacy and security.
4. All the issues and many more shall be part of the teaching content as each teacher will be encouraged
to use technology in teaching.

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For the Learners and Learning

The learners of the 21st Century are even more advanced than some of the teachers. However, learners
still need guidance on how to use, regulate technology use. As there are positive and negative effects of
technology use, learners should know the difference. Learners should not only know the benefits of technology
use; but they should also know how they can be protected from the hazards that technology brings to their lives.
Learners should take advantage of the potential of learning support they can derive such as the
development of higher order thinking skills, the development of learning communities through collaboration,
the enhancement of skills to manage the vast resources as 21st century learners and many more.
Both the teachers should be mindful of the e-waste that are being thrown to the land and to the
atmosphere. Thus, safety in the use of technology shall be presented in the next lesson.

B. APPLICATION/ ANALYSIS/ASSESSMENT
Experience
Assume yourself as an investigator who would like to inform your learners and co-teacher about the
current issues on technology use.
With your groupmates, search the web and find out articles or cases about:
A. Freedom of Expression and Censorship
B. Privacy and security
C. Surveillance and Data Retention
D. e- pollutants from e- waste
Choose only one or two articles or cases that you will work on. Use the template
below to answer. Submit you output to your teacher but be ready to share the same with the whole class.

Title of the issue: (Choose from A, B, C, D) Ex. Privacy and Security

Title of the Article: _______________________________________________

Source: ________________________________________________________

Author: ________________________________________________________

Summary Narrative:

What lesson have you learned?

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What suggestion can you offer?

Submitted by: Names and Section of the Students (Not to exceed 5 members)

REFLECTIONS:

Note: Submit this accomplished task in an A4 Bond paper.

Name______________________________ Year and Sec. ___________________________

Date______________

Activity: Panel Discussion

Topics: Issues on ICT

A. Freedom of Expression and Censorship

B. Privacy and Security
C. Surveillance and Data Retention
D. e-pollutants from e-waste
Task:

In the panel forum, I as a future teacher, . . ..

1. learned that_____________________________________________
2. realized that ____________________________________________
3. plan to ________________________________________________

A. The test items that follow will find out what you have learned in Lesson 3.

Choose the correct answer from the options given.

Let us answer the LET- like items. Choose the letter of the options in each of the items.

____1. What is the importance of an ICT Policy for teaching and learning?

A. It provides a road map in education where ICT is utilized.

B. It censors all the activities of schools do that it will be uniform in ICT use.
C. It is a requirement of the DICT in the Philippines.
D. It serves as a basis for closing internet cafés near the school.

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____2. Which of the following does NOT belong to the cluster of technologies?

A. Telecommunication technology
B. Information technology
C. Networking technology
D. Industrial Technology

____3. The DIST Policy statements include the creation of all the following programs, EXPECT______.

A. eQuality Program C. ICT Pedagogy

B. eSkwela D. Privacy

____4. Which of the following issues on ICT is directly linked to climate change?

A. Freedom of Expression C. Surveillance

B. E-waste D. Privacy

____5. As a teacher, how will you appropriately use technology for teaching and learning so that your
learners will benefit most?

A. Assign them to search in the web all the topics you are teaching.
B. Maximize the use the technology tools as your support in teaching.
C. Ask each student to buy a gadget that they can use.
D. Make your lessons an open source all the time.

Prepared by:
MR. JAYMAR B. MAGTIBAY
Instructor

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