Mendoza, Nathaniel N.

BSME 2D
Practice Problem
PRACTICE PROBLEM 4-1 Using Fig. 4-3, change the ac source voltage to 15 V. Calculate the
second approximation dc load voltage V dc
V rms =0.707 V P

V rms 15 V
V P= = =21.22 V
0.707 0.707
Peak voltage = 21.22 V
V P 21.22V
V dc = = =6.75V
π π
V P(out) =V P (¿) −0.7 V =21.22 V −0.7=20.52 V

V P 20.52V
V dc = = =6.53V
π π

PRACTICE PROBLEM 4-2 Using Fig. 4-5, change the transformer's turnratio to 2:1 and solve
for the ideal dc load voltage.
120
V 2= =60 V
2
60 V
V P= =85 V
0.707
V P 85 V
V dc = = =27.06 V
π π
V P(out) =85 V −0.7 V =84.3 V

V P 84.3 V
V dc = = =26.83 V
π π

PRACTICE PROBLEM 4-3 Using Fig. 4-7, change the transformer's turnsratio to 5:1 and
calculate the V, (in) andV, (out) second approximation values.
 V rms 120
V P(1)= = =170 V
0.707 0.707
170 V
V P(2)= =34 V
5
V P(¿)=0.5 ( 34 V ) =17V

V p (out)=17 V

V p (out)=17 V −0.7 V =16.3 V

PRACTICE PROBLEM 4-5 As in Example 4-5, calculate the ideal and second approximation
V(out) values using a 5:1 transformer turns ratio.
Ideal
17 V
V p (out)= =3.4
5
Second Approximation
15.6 V
V p (out)=17 V −1.4 V = =3.12V
5

PRACTICE PROBLEM 4-7 Using Fig. 4-15, change R1 to 2 KΩ and calculate the new ideal de
load voltage and ripple.

V L=17 V

17V
I L= =8.5 mA
2 kΩ
8.5 mA
V R= =0.708 V pp=0.71 V pp
( 120 Hz ) (100 μF )
PRACTICE PROBLEM 4-9 Change the capacitor value in Fig. 4-17 to 1,000 µF. Calculate the
new Vg value.
120 V
V 2= =8 V
15
8V
V p= =11.3V
0.707
 V L=11.3 V −1.4 V =9.9V

9.9V
I L= =19.8 mA
500 Ω
19.8 mA
V R= =0.165 V pp=0.17 V pp
( 120 Hz ) (1000 μF )

PRACTICE PROBLEM 4-10 Using Fig. 4-19, change the transformer'sturns ratio to 2:1. Which
1N4000 series of diodes should you use?
Rms Secondary voltage
120 V
V 2= =60 V
2
Peak secondary voltage
60 V
V p= =84.9V
0.707
PIV= 84.9 V
The 1N4002 is more than adequate, since the peak inverse voltage is much less than the
breakdown voltage of 100 V.

Student assignment #4
1. If N1/N2 = 4, and the primary voltage is 120 V, what is the secondary voltage?
a. 0 V
b. 30 V
c. 60 V
d. 480 V
2. In a step-down transformer, which is larger?
a. Primary voltage
b. Secondary voltage
c. Neither
d. No answer possible
3. A transformer has a turns ratio of 2:1. What is the peak secondary voltage if 115 V rms
is applied to the primary winding?
a. 57.5 V
b. 81.3 V
c. 230 V
 d. 325 V
4. With a half-wave rectified voltage across the load resistor, load current flows for what
part of a cycle?
a. 0°
b. 90°
c. 180°
d. 360°
5. Suppose line voltage may be as low as 105 V rms or as high as 125 rms in a half-wave
rectifier. With a 5:1 step-down transformer, the minimum peak load voltage is closest to
a. 21 V
b. 25 V
c. 29.7 V
d. 35.4 V
6. The voltage out of a bridge rectifier is a
a. Half-wave signal
b. Full-wave signal
c. Bridge-rectified signal
d. Sine wave
7. If the line voltage is 115 V rms, a turns ratio of 5:1 means the rms secondary voltage is
closest to
a. 15 V
b. 23 V
c. 30 V
d. 35 V
8. What is the peak load voltage in a full-wave rectifier if the secondary voltage is 20 V
rms?
a. 0 V
b. 0.7 V
c. 14.1 V
d. 28.3 V
9. We want a peak load voltage of 40 V out of a bridge rectifier. What is the approximate
rms value of secondary voitage?
a. 0 V
b. 14.4 V
c. 28.3 V
d. 56.6 V
10. With a full-wave rectified voltage across the load resistor, load current flows for what
part of a cycle?
a. 0°
b. 90°
c. 180°
d. 360°
11. What is the peak load voltage out of a bridge rectifier for a secondary voltage of 12.6 V
rms? (Use second approximation.)
a. 7.5 V
b. 16.4 V
c. 17.8 V
d. 19.2 V
12. If line frequency is 60 Hz, the output frequency of a half-wave rectifier is
a. 30 Hz
b. 60 Hz
c. 120 Hz
d. 240 Hz
13. With the same secondary voltage and filter, which produces the least load voltage?
a. Half-wave rectifier
b. Full-wave rectifier
c. Bridge rectifier
d. Impossible to say
14. If the filtered load current is 10 mĄ, which of the following has adiode current of 10
mA?
a. Haif-wave rectifier
b. Full-wave rectifier
c. Bridge rectifier
d. impossible to say
15. If the load current is 5 mA and the filter capacitance is 1000 µF, what is the peak-to-peak
ripple out of a bridge rectifier?
a. 21.3 pV
b. 56.3 nV
c. 21.3 mV
d. 41.7 mv
16. The diodes in a bridge rectifier each have a maximum dc current rating of 2 A. This
meens the deload current can have amaximumvalue of
a. 1A
b. 2 A
c. 4 A
d. 8 A
17. What is the PIV across each diode of a bridge rectifier with a secondary voltage of 20 V
rms?
a. 14.1 V
b. 20 V
c. 28.3 V
d. 34 V
18. If the secondary voltage increases in a bridge rectifier with a capacitor-input filter, the
load voltage will
a. Decrease
 b. Stay the same
c. Increase
d. None of these.
19. If the filter capacitance is increased, the ripple will
a. Decrease
b. Stay the same
c. Increase
d. None of these
20. A circuit that removes positive or negative parts of a waveform is called a
a. Clamper
b. Clipper
c. Diode clamp
d. Limiter
21. Voltage multipliers are circuits best used to produce
a. Low voltage and low current
b. Low voltage and high current
c. High voltage and low current
d. High voltage and high current