Nonlinear inelastic time-history analysis of three-dimensional semi-rigid steel frames

INTTRODUCTION:

This paper presents a simple, effective numerical procedure based on the beam–column method
by using the based-displacement finite element method for nonlinear inelastic time-history
analysis of three-dimensional semi-rigid steel frames.

The Hilber–Hughes–Taylor method combined with the Newton–Raphson balance iterative

algorithm is adopted to solve the nonlinear equations of motion.
In recent years, numerous analytical studies have been conducted to investigate nonlinear
inelastic dynamic behavior of semi-rigid frames under dynamic and seismic loadings

In the nonlinear time-history analysis, an incremental-iterative scheme based on the Hilbert–

Hughes–Taylor method and the Newton–Raphson method was developed for solving the
nonlinear equations of motion. Viscous damping accounts for the use of Rayleigh damping
matrix.

Nonlinear dynamic analysis algorithm

An algorithm based on combination of the Hilber–Hughes–Taylor (HHT) method (also known

as the alpha-method) and the Newton–Raphson method is proposed for the numerical
integration of the nonlinear equation of motion because the HHT method possesses
unconditional stability and second-order accuracy. In addition, it can induce numerical
damping in the nonlinear solution which is not possible with the regular Newmark method. The
incremental equation of motion of a structure can be modified as:

Where Δ𝐷̈ is the incremental acceleration, Δ𝐷̇ the incremental velocity and Δ𝐷 the
incremental displacement.

The algorithm can be summaries as follow

Newmark basic equations:

The basic equations from Newmark can be used to transform and find the expression of

and .
The residual forces in each time step can be eliminated by using the Newton–Raphson iterative
procedure. At the first iteration of each time step, the total displacement, velocity, and
acceleration at the timet+Δt.

Numerical verification
A computer program written in Fortran programming is developed based on the above-
mentioned algorithm. The flow chart of the proposed program for the application of the HHT
method and the Newton–Raphson method. In this study, the integration coefficients of the HHT
method applied for the proposed program are α = 0, γ = 0.5 and

β = 0.25. Three earthquake records of the El Centro, the Northridge, and the San Fernando as
shown are used as ground excitation in dynamic analysis. Their peak ground accelerations and
timesteps are listed in Table 1. Several numerical examples are presented and discussed to
verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed program in predicting the nonlinear response
of semi-rigid steel frame structures subjected to dynamic loadings.
 Earthquake records.

In the following figure we will present only the results for El Centro case.
Nonlinear time-history responses of the two-story 3-D steel frame subjected to the El Centro
earthquake.

Reference:

Nonlinear inelastic time-history analysis of three-dimensional semi-rigid steel frames, Phu-Cuong

Nguyen, Seung-Eock Kim