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Lesson 1 Module 1
Lesson 1 Module 1
LESSON 1
Text: Business Organization
Grammar: Present Simple and Present
Continuous
Terms to remember:
needs потреби
consumption споживання
profit прибуток
corporation корпорація
owner власник
Business Organization
The economic system is made up of people with basic needs that they
must satisfy to survive. As most people cannot produce all the goods and
services they need, we depend on other persons or businesses to make them
for our consumption.
Business is the activity of producing, buying and selling goods and
services.
A business organization is a firm, a company or a business that
makes, buys or sells goods, or provides services, to make a profit.
Businesses vary in size.
Large companies are referred to as corporations. Many consider the
corporation the ideal way to organize business. Large companies operating in
many countries are multinationals.
Big business can refer to large business organisations or to any
business activity that makes a lot of money.
Small companies are referred to as small businesses or small firms.
When we start a business we talk about setting up a business or
establishing a business. New businesses are called start-ups. Once a
business has been established we talk about being in business or running a
business.
To do business means to trade or deal with a company or country. It s
not easy to organize a business and to operate it successfully. When a
company is not successful, it may go out of business.
The economic situation, as well as decisions taken by the owners of a
company, affect how it grows and changes. You may expand your business,
specialize in something, you may also diversify your business.
Ex.3. Match words from list A with words from list B that have
a similar meaning.
A B
depend on necessities of life
firm gain
set up a business sell out a business
go out of business establish a business
run a business enlarge a business
expand a business operate a business
affect company
profit influence
needs rely on
Ex.4. Find suitable opposites to the following words and
phrases:
to buy, loss, to close down a business, to set up a business,
unsuccessful.
Ex.5. Match the nouns in the left hand column with the verbs in
the right hand column.
business buy
make
profit sell
provide
goods set up
satisfy
needs organize
run
money do
diversify
decision affect
expand
services establish
Ex.7. Look at the words and phrases in the box. Match them
with the correct definition from the list below.
1. a very large organization that owns companies in more than one country in
order to obtain cheap raw materials and make efficient use of a local
workforce;
2. the money gained in a business deal, esp. the difference between the
amount earned and the amount spent;
3. a person or business that owns something;
4. two or more people in business to make a profit by selling goods or
services;
5. commercial activities in general;
6. a large group of companies;
7. to enter new types of businesses;
8. a nations system for allocating its resources among its citizens;
9. a business that is just being started.
Grammar Revision
Present Simple and Present Continuous
We use the Present Simple:
for routines and habits
I go to the bank twice a month.
for permanent situations
My friend works in a bank.
for facts
Water boils at 100o centigrade.
for timetables or fixed events in the future, that are usually beyond the
speakers control:
The train leaves in 10 minutes.
We use the Present Continuous:
for actions happening now
I am working on my report at the moment.
for temporary actions or situations
I am staying with my friends till I find a new flat.
for changing or developing situations
The economic situation is getting worse in this country.
to talk about something that happens often and is unplanned or irritating
(with always)
She is always grumbling and complaining.
to talk about future arrangements and plans:
I am leaving at four on the first flight to London.