Date 12/2021

Name
Project Name
Customer Ly Thuong Kiet
Zalo 0919191150

PRE DIMENSIONING REPORT

Biaxial hollow core reinforced concrete slab
WITH SINGLE USE FORMWORKS NEW NAUTILUS EVO
INDICE
1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
............................................................................................................................................................3
2. GENERAL CALCULATION ASSUMPTIONS
............................................................................................................................................................4
3. MATERIALS
............................................................................................................................................................5
3.1. CONCRETE
............................................................................................................................................................5
3.2. STEEL
............................................................................................................................................................5
4. INPUT DATA
............................................................................................................................................................6
4.1. SLAB’S GENERAL ASSUMPTIONS
............................................................................................................................................................6
4.2. NEW NAUTILUS EVO LIGHTENED SLAB CONFIGURATION
............................................................................................................................................................7
5. OUTPUT DATA
............................................................................................................................................................8
5.1. NEW NAUTILUS EVO LIGHTENED SLAB CARACHTERISTICS
............................................................................................................................................................8
5.2. F.E.M. ANALYSIS DATA
............................................................................................................................................................9
5.3. LOADS DATA
............................................................................................................................................................10
6. INTERNAL ACTIONS COMPUTATION
............................................................................................................................................................11
6.1. BENDING MOMENTS
............................................................................................................................................................11
6.2. SHEAR FORCE
............................................................................................................................................................13
6.3. PUNCHING SHEAR
............................................................................................................................................................13
7. MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
............................................................................................................................................................13
7.1. BENDING MOMENTS
............................................................................................................................................................13
7.2. SHEAR
............................................................................................................................................................14
7.3. PUNCHING AND SHEAR DESIGN
............................................................................................................................................................16
7.4. STEEL AND CONCRETE CONSUMPTION RECAP
............................................................................................................................................................19
8. DEFLECTION CALCULATION
............................................................................................................................................................19
1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
New Nautilus Evo is recycled plastic formwork designed to realize biaxial hollow core slabs in
reinforced concrete.
The structure is configured like a reinforced concrete flat slab with prismatic voids inside.
The structural behaviour is like a flat slab, because the geometry of the voids assures a sufficient
torsional stiffness, according with EC2 EN1992-1-1 5.3.1 (6).
In the zones where there is concentration of shear forces (above walls and columns) the slab is
provided in full concrete.

Figure 1 - Typical section cut of a New Nautilus slab

Figure 2- Typical layout of boxes in the lightened slab

Figure 3 – New Nautilus Evo single use formwork.

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2. GENERAL CALCULATION ASSUMPIONS
This pre-dimensioning calculation is based on Park & Gamble method for the calculation of a
rectangular thin plate (with A and B side length ratio less than 2) on punctual supports and undefined
spans. The effect of corner and edge spans is considered by multiplying the flexural moment obtained
from the above method for a coefficient obtained from several F.E.M. models. This model shown that
the Park & Gamble is coherent with F.E.M. model for the central span if the spans are more than 2.
For less than 2 spans and for the corner and edge spans this value of flexural moment is multiplied for
an appropriate coefficient. The steel ratio is calculated by a weighted average considering the number
of edge/corner spans and central spans.
In the computing of the deflections, the following has been considered (Timoshenko's Theory of Plates
and Shells): if the dimensions of the plate are large in comparison with the distances a and b between
the columns, and the load is uniformly distributed, it can be concluded that the bending in all spans,
which are not close to the boundary of the plate, may be assumed identical, so that we can limit the
problem to the bending of one panel only. The maximum deflection is at the centre of the plate, and
the deflection at the corners is null. To simplify the problem, we assume that the cross-sectional
dimension o the columns are small and can be neglected in so far as deflection and moments at the
centre of the plates are concerned. By interpolating tabulated results, the elastic deflection is
computed. Also, the Cracked, long term deflection is computed through the use of EC2 simplified
formula that combines the behaviours in the non-cracked, and the cracked behaviours. This is done
through the factor ξ, that is a function of the mean bending moment, and the cracking bending
moment.
All calculations are based on Eurocode 2 code.

Disclaimer:

Disclaimer
All the information, including technical and engineering data, processes, and results, presented has
been prepared according to Eurocode 2 (EC2) , and is for general information only. If anyone uses this
software for any specific application without an independent competent professional examination and
verification of its accuracy, suitability, and applicability by a licensed professional engineer, he/she
does so at his/her own risk and assumes any and all liability resulting from such use. No warranty is
offered as to the accuracy of results from this software. The software products should not be used for
design unless caution is taken to interpret the results and to check the results independently. Users
are assumed to be knowledgeable in the information of the output reports, and are assumed to
recognize that the input data can have a significant effect on the solution and must be selected
carefully.
Any cost value issued by the software is for general information only and shall not constitute a
quotation or an offer to sell products.
In no event shall Geoplast be held liable for any damages including lost profits, lost savings, or other
incidental or consequential damages resulting from the use of or inability to use the information
contained within. Information in this software is subject to change without notice and does not
represent a commitment on the part of Geoplast.

4
3. MATERIALS
3.1. Concrete

CONCRETE
STRENGTH CLASS C25/30
Security factor γc 1.5
Characteristic strength fck [MPa] 24.9
Average strength fcm [MPa] 33
Design strength fcd [MPa] 14.11
Average axial strength (traction) fctm [MPa] 2.56
Characteristic axial strength (traction) fctk [MPa] 1.8
Design axial strength (traction) fctd [MPa] 1.2
Traction strength in flexion conditions fcfm [MPa] 2.15
Design traction strength in flexion condition fcfk [MPa] 1.51
Design shear strength tcd [MPa] 0.3
Average Young Modulus Ecm [MPa] 31447.16

Table 1 - concrete characteristics.

3.2. STEEL

STEEL
Strength class B 450 C
Security factor γa 1.15
Characteristic yield strength fyk [MPa] 450
Design strength fyd [MPa] 391.3
Tensile strength ft [MPa] 495
Average Young Modulus Ecm [MPa] 210000

Table 2 - steel characteristics.

5
4. INPUT DATA
4.1. SLAB’S GENERAL ASSUMPTIONS

The slab is assumed as a rectangular thin plate on columns with several spans as shown in the
following scheme:

Figure 4 - slab structural schema

Span 1 Lx Span 2 Ly Columns height Columns width Number of spans Number of spans
[m] [m] [cm] [cm] direction 1 direction 2
6 6 30 30 2 2

6
4.2. NEW NAUTILUS EVO LIGHTENED SLAB CONFIGURATION

The New Nautilus Evo lightened slab needs some full concrete zones above the columns. The
extension of this zones depends from:

a. The punching force on the columns

b. The distance between the New Nautilus Evo elements
c. The shear strength of the lightened slab without reinforcement (in case of any shear
reinforcement wanted, max. full zone dimension option)
d. The shear strength with specific reinforcement defined by the designer (min. full zone
dimension option)

The number of New Nautilus Evo elements and self-weight of the slab depends from the above
parameters.

Figure 5 - New Nautilus Evo slab configuration

N.Nautilus Evo elements Full Zone extension

distance [mm] Ccap[m]
120 1.4

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5. OUTPUT DATA
5.1. NEW NAUTILUS EVO LIGHTENED SLAB CARACHTERISTICS

The typical section of the Nw Nautilus Evo slab is show in the following image:

Total thickness Ht [mm] 210

Bottom layer thickness S1 [mm] 60
Top layer thickness S2 [mm] 50
New Nautilus Evo name N. Nautilus Evo New Nautilus EVO H10
New Nautilus Evo size Hnau [mm] 100
Boxes distance N [mm] 120
X direction boxes span Bx [mm] 640
Y direction boxes span By [mm] 640
Column max span in the designed zone Lx x Ly [m] 6x6
4
Moment of inertia lightened slab Jnau [cm /m] 71026.87
Lightened slab section surface AFS [cm2/m] 1375.61
Lightened slab concrete consumption Cnau [m3/m2] 0.15
Lightened slab self-weight Gk,nau [kN/m2] 3.79
3 2
Slab global concrete consumption Cnau [m /m ] 0.16
Lightened slab area ratio % 94.56
Full slab area ratio % 5.44

Table 3 - hollow core slab characteristics

8
5.2. F.E.M. ANALYSIS DATA

The slab canbe modelled with the F.E.M. software as a plate in concrete material.
To simulate the voids presence, the plate properties are modified as following:

Flexural stiffness reduction to simulate the effective bending behaviour:

The moment of inertia of the hollow section is calculated with Huygens-Steiner theorem and
compared with the full section in order to calculate the ratio of inertia reduction
Torsional stiffness reduction to simulate the effective transversal
transmission of the forces:
As for the moment of inertia, according to Bredt theory the torsional stiffness of the hollow
section is calculated and compared with the full section in order to calculate the ratio of
torsional stiffness reduction
Shear stiffness reduction to simulate the effective tangential
deformability:
As for the moment of inertia, the surface of transversal section of the hollow section is
calculated and compared with the full section in order to calculate the ratio shear stiffness
reduction

Figure 1 - Hollow section to calculate moment of inertia and torsional stiffness

9
 Figure 2 - The shear section is A1-A2

Inertia reduction factor I1,1 0.92

Inertia reduction factor I2,2 0.92
Inertia reduction factor I1,2 0.96
Shear reduction factor S1,3 0.66
Shear reduction factor S2,3 0.66
Mass reduction factor 0.72
Reduced Young Modulus 29450.73 MPa
Lightened slab concrete density 18.02 kN/m3

Table 1 – F.E.M. software slab property modifiers

5.3. LOADS DATA

DISTR LIN CONC IMPR

LOAD gq Y0 Y1 Y2
[Kn/m2] [Kn/m] [kN] [mm]
BUILDING CATEGORY – Category D - Shopping Areas
SELF WEIGHT [G’k] 3.79 1.35
Superimposed dead load
1 1.50
[Gk]
Live load [Qk] 1 1.50 0.7 0.7 0.6

Table2 – Loads

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6. INTERNAL ACTIONS COMPUTATION
6.1. BENDING MOMENTS

For a slab supported by columns, undergoing a vertical load w, a suitable simplification in the
computation of the internal bending momentsis the following (Park & Gamble):

The sum of the M+ and M- resulting bending moments, in the x direction, must be equal to w ∙ ly ∙ lx2
/ 8, (the reasoning is completely similar in the y direction). Taking into account also the column
dimension b, the total bending moment in the x direction can be written as:

And in the y direction:

The reinforcement is computed subdividing such quantities into a negative bending moment
contribution (adding up to 60-65% of MT), and into a positive bending moment contribution (40-35%).
Moreover, this two positive and negative moments are distributed over two strips, one connecting the
columns, and a central one.
As a matter of fact, 70% of the negative bending moment relies on the column strip, and 30% on the
central strip, while the positive moment is split evenly.

Figure 6 - Positive and Negative contributions.

11
 Figure 7 - Central and Lateral Strips.

Total Bending Moment in X Direction Mtot,X [kNm] 193.01

Positive Bending Moment in X Direction MX+ [kNm] 67.55
Negative Bending Moment in X Direction MX- [kNm] -125.46
Positive Bending Moment in X Direction, Lateral Strip MX+,LAT [kNm/m] 14.07
Positive Bending Moment in X Direction, Central Strip MX+,CENTRE [kNm/m] 9.38
Negative Bending Moment in X Direction, Lateral Strip MX-,LAT [kNm/m] -36.59
Negative Bending Moment in X Direction, Central Strip MX-,CENTRE [kNm/m] -10.45
Total Bending Moment in Y Direction Mtot,Y [kNm] 193.01
Positive Bending Moment in Y Direction MY+ [kNm] 67.55
Negative Bending Moment in Y Direction MY- [kNm] -125.46
Positive Bending Moment in Y Direction, Lateral Strip MY+,LAT [kNm/m] 14.07
Positive Bending Moment in Y Direction, Central Strip MY+,CENTRE [kNm/m] 9.38
Negative Bending Moment in Y Direction, Lateral Strip MY-,LAT [kNm/m] -36.59
Negative Bending Moment in Y Direction, Central Strip MY-,CENTRE [kNm/m] -10.45

Table 4 - bending moments calculation recapitulation.

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6.2. SHEAR FORCE

Shear force is computed under the approximation that it varies linearly. The value used for the shear
design of the section is:

VEd = 36.44 kN

6.3.PUNCHING SHEAR

Punching shear is computed through the simplified approach suggested by EC2, and its value on the
column perimeter u0 is:

vEd, 0 = 1.66 MPa

While on the first critical perimeter u1, it is:

vEd, 1 = 0.61 MPa

7. MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
7.1. BENDING MOMENTS

The steel ratio is calculated from design bending moments with the following approximate formula:

Figure3 - Ultimate moment calculation for the hollow section of the lightened slab

The effective depth d is calculated in function of the data entered by the user the min. top and bottom
cover, the basic steel reinforcement chosen and the fireproof REI requirements.
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 Basic top Basic bottom
Top min. Bottom Fireproof REI
reinforcements reinforcements
cover min. cover requirememts
diameter diameter
[cm] [cm] [mm] [mm] [min]
2 2 10 10 REI 60

7.2. SHEAR

The lightened slab around the full zone is a critical shear zone and has to be checked.

The control section is the hollow core transversal section of the lightened slab, where bw is the
distance between the boxes.

According to Eurocode 2 6.2.2 (1), the shear strength of the lightened slab without reinforcement is
given by expressions (6.2.a) and (6.2.b):
1/3
VRd,c = [CRd,ck(100 ρ1fck) + k1 σcp] bwd

With a minimum of

Vrd,c = (Vmin + k1σcp)bwd

where:

fck is in MPa

k =

ρ =

is the area of the tensile reinforcement, which extends ≥ (lbd + d) beyond the section
Asl
considered (see Figure 6.3)

Being:

fck = 24.9 MPa

ρl = 0.000186
k= 2.04
0.18
CRd,c =
γc
d= 18.5 cm
640 - 520
bw = cm
10

14
The max ultimate shear strength without reinforcement is

VRd,c = 16.54 kN

Figure 4 - Shear control section of the lightened slab

The shear strength with reinforcement is according with Eurocode 2 6.2.3 (4) expressions (6.13) and
(6.14), the smaller value between:

and

Imposing that the acting action is met by the steel contribution to the resisting shear, with the least
amount of steel possible, it results:

θ = 21.8 °
α = 90 °
fwyd = 391.3 N/mm2
z = 17.1 cm
s = 150 mm
Asw = 20.91 mm2

The ultimate shear strength is:

VRd = 36.44 kN
15
 Figure 5 - typical shear reinforcement - transversal view

Figure 6 - typical shear reinforcement - longitudinal view

7.3. PUNCHING AND SHEAR DESIGN

The full zone above the columns has to be checked to punching/shear reaction of the columns
according to Eurocode 2 EN 1992-1-1 6.4.1:

16
The basic punching shear strength of the full slab without reinforcement is in Eurocode 2 6.4.4 (1)
expression (6.47):

VRd,c = CRd,ck(100 ρ1fck)1/3 + k1 σcp ≥ (Vmin + k1σcp)

where:

fck is in MPa

d in mm

If reinforcement is needed, the ultimate punching/shear strength is in Eurocode 2 6.4.5 (1) expression
(6.52):

For the analysed portion of slab the max column reaction is:

VEd = 285.15 kN

Near the columns it must be assured that:

17
 1200 mm

0.49

165 mm

3.06 MPa

This, in order to satisfy the basic punching shear requirement.

Analogously the check must be performed on critical perimeter u1, to see if reinforcement is needed:

3273.45 mm

0.49 MPa

vEd,0 vRd,0 vEd,1 vRd,1 Thickness check on

Reinforcement check on U1
[MPa] [MPa] [MPa] [MPa] U0
1.66 3.06 0.61 0.49 OK PUNCHING REINFORCEMENT NEEDED

18
7.4. STEEL AND CONCRETE CONSUMPTION RECAP

The slab section computed makes for the following quantities, necessary to bear the loads and
respect the deflection limits:

Steel Incidence Csteel 33.63 kg/m2

Concrete Incidence Cnau 0.16 m3/m2
New Nautilus Evo incidence Inau 2.31 pcs/m2

Table 5 - material ratios

8. DEFLECTION CALCULATION
The maximum deflection is at the centre of the plate, and the deflection at the corners is null. For this
reason, the max. distance between the fixed point is the diagonal span between two columns. In the
final design phase, the deflection check points should be A, B and C, where the reference span to
calculate the limit for A and B is Lx, Ly, for C the diagonal span as shown in the following image.

19
To simplify the problem, we assume that the cross-sectional dimension of the columns is small and
can be neglected in so far as deflection and moments at the centre of the plates are concerned. By
interpolating tabulated results, the elastic deflection is computed. Alsothe Cracked, long term
deflection is computed through the use of EC2 simplified formula that combines the behaviours in the
non-cracked, and the cracked behaviours. The cracking bending moment is calculated neglecting the
reinforcement. This is done through the factor ξ, that is a function of the mean bending moment, and
the cracking bending moment.

The load combination considered is the Limit State Service Quasi Permanent

δLT,max = 12.12 mm

The deflection limit is

6 6 33.9411 mm

20