Solutions for the Appendix 297

[Df (c)] remains bounded, first we compute

2 1 y 3
h ⇣ ⌘i 2 +
p 2x 2 p
x x +y x2 +y 2
Df y = 4sgn y q p , sgn y q p 5.
x+ x2 +y 2 x+ x2 +y 2
2 2 2 2
⇣ ⌘
For c = cc1 2 [a, a + ~h], we have c1 = 1, and the derivative does not
2
blow up because the denominators do not tend to 0 as c2 ! 0:
s p s p
( 1) + ( 1)2 + c22 1+ 1
! 6= 0
2 as c2 !0 2

c. Theorem A12.5 requires that f be of class C k+1 on [a, a + h]; in our

case k = 0 and we need f of class C 1 on [a, a + ~h], which it isn’t: the line
of discontinuity of f crosses [a, a + ~h], so we do not have [a, a + ~h] ⇢ U .
⇣ ⌘ ⇣ ⌘ ⇣ ⌘
A14.1 a. We have f x = y and F x = x2 + y 2 1, so at 0 we
⇣ y ⌘ y 1
have = 1/2, and at 0
1 we have = 1/2. We have
0 1
x
Lf,F @yA = y (x2 + y 2 1)

⇣ ⌘ ✓ ◆
x = x
y x2 + y 2 1
h ⇣ ⌘i  h ⇣ ⌘i 
0 1 0 0 1 0
D 1 = , D 1 = .
2 2 2 2

The two functions 1 andare2

⇣ ⌘ ✓ ◆ ⇣ ⌘
x p x 0
1 u = for 1
u+1 x2

and
⇣ ⌘ ✓ ◆ ⇣ ⌘
x p x 0
2 u = u+1 x2
for 1

This gives
✓ ◆ ✓ ◆ ✓ ◆ ✓ ◆
x x x x
1 = p f1 (x) and
=g 2 = p f2 (x),
=g
0 1 x2 0 1 x2

where
p p
g1 (x) = + 1 x2 , g2 (x) = 1 x2 .