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IB Chemistry Topic 9 Oxidation & Reduction SL Past Paper
IB Chemistry Topic 9 Oxidation & Reduction SL Past Paper
Topic 9 Questions
2. What occurs during the operation of a voltaic cell based on the following reaction?
3. The oxidation number of chromium is the same in all the following compounds except
A. Cr(OH)3
B. Cr2O3
C. Cr2(SO4)3
D. CrO3
(Total 1 mark)
4. Magnesium is a more reactive metal than copper. Which is the strongest oxidizing agent?
A. Mg
B. Mg2+
C. Cu
D. Cu2+
(Total 1 mark)
Page 1 of 19
5. Which processes occur during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
I. Sn(s) + Fe2+(aq)
A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
Page 2 of 19
8. What species are produced at the positive and negative electrodes during the electrolysis of
molten sodium chloride?
Negative electrode Positive electrode
Cl2(g) Na+(l) A.
+ –
Na (l) Cl (l) B.
Cl2(g) Na(l) C.
Na(l) Cl2(g) D.
(Total 1 mark)
A. CH3CHO → CH3CH2OH
B. CrO42–→ Cr2O72–
C. SO42–→ SO32–
D. NO2– → NO3–
(Total 1 mark)
11. What happens at the positive electrode in a voltaic cell and in an electrolytic cell?
Page 3 of 19
12. What are the oxidation numbers of the elements in sulfuric acid, H2SO4?
13. A voltaic cell is made from copper and zinc half-cells. The equation for the reaction occurring
in the cell is
D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the zinc half-cell to the copper half-cell.
(Total 1 mark)
14. What happens when molten sodium chloride is electrolysed in an electrolytic cell?
C. Electrons flow through the liquid from the negative electrode to the positive electrode.
D. Oxidation occurs at the negative electrode and reduction at the positive electrode.
(Total 1 mark)
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
Page 4 of 19
16. Which equation represents a redox reaction?
17. The following information is given about reactions involving the metals X, Y and Z and
solutions of their sulfates.
When the metals are listed in decreasing order of reactivity (most reactive first), what is the
correct order?
A. ZYX
B. XYZ
C. YXZ
D. YZX
(Total 1 mark)
18. What are the oxidation numbers of the elements in the compound phosphoric acid, H3PO4?
19. A voltaic cell is made from magnesium and iron half-cells. Magnesium is a more reactive metal
than iron. Which statement is correct when the cell produces electricity?
D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the magnesium half-cell to the iron
half-cell.
(Total 1 mark)
Page 5 of 19
20. Which are examples of reduction?
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
Page 6 of 19
23. Consider the following spontaneous reactions.
Which is the correct combination of strongest oxidizing agent and strongest reducing agent?
Ag+(aq) Zn(s) D.
(Total 1 mark)
A. NO2 → N2O4
B. NO3– → NO2
C. N2O5→ NO3–
D. NH3 → N2
(Total 1 mark)
C. Oxidation takes place at the negative electrode in a voltaic cell and the positive electrode
in an electrolytic cell.
D. Oxidation takes place at the negative electrode in a voltaic cell and reduction takes place
at the positive electrode in an electrolytic cell.
(Total 1 mark)
26. The compound [Co(NH3)5Br]SO4 is isomeric with the compound [Co(NH3)5SO4]Br. What is
the oxidation state of cobalt in these compounds?
[Co(NH3)5SO4]Br [Co(NH3)5Br]SO4
+3 +3 A.
+1 +2 B.
+2 +3 C.
+3 +2 D.
(Total 1 mark)
Page 7 of 19
27. What happens to vanadium during the reaction VO2+(aq) → VO3–(aq)?
C. It loses electrons.
D. It undergoes reduction.
(Total 1 mark)
A. CH3CH2CHO
B. CH3COCH3
C. CH3CH2COOH
D. CH3COOCH3
(Total 1 mark)
A. Cu(s)
B. NO 3− (aq)
C. Cu2+(aq)
D. H+(aq)
(Total 1 mark)
Page 8 of 19
32. A particular voltaic cell is made from magnesium and iron half-cells. The overall equation for
the reaction occurring in the cell is
D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the magnesium half-cell to the iron
half-cell.
(Total 1 mark)
33. What process occurs at the cathode in a voltaic cell and at the anode in an electrolytic cell?
Anode of Cathode of
Electrolytic cell voltaic cell
Reduction Oxidation A.
Oxidation Oxidation B.
Oxidation Reduction C.
Reduction Reduction D.
(Total 1 mark)
Page 9 of 19
35. Which processes occur during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
36. Tin(II) ions can be oxidized to tin(IV) ions by acidified potassium permanganate(VII) solution
according to the following unbalanced equation.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 2 marks)
(i) Determine the oxidation numbers for Fe and Mn in the reactants and in the products.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(2)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(1)
Page 10 of 19
(iii) The compounds CH3OH and CH2O contain carbon atoms with different oxidation
numbers. Deduce the oxidation numbers and state the kind of chemical change needed to
make CH2O from CH3OH.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(3)
(Total 6 marks)
38. A part of the reactivity series of metals, in order of decreasing reactivity, is shown below.
magnesium
zinc
iron
lead
copper
silver
If a piece of copper metal were placed in separate solutions of silver nitrate and zinc nitrate
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(1)
(ii) identify the type of chemical change taking place in the copper and write the
half-equation for this change.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(2)
(iii) state, giving a reason, what visible change would take place in the solutions.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 11 of 19
39. (i) Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity but molten sodium chloride does.
Explain this difference, and outline what happens in an electrolytic cell during the
electrolysis of molten sodium chloride using carbon electrodes.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(4)
(ii) State the products formed and give equations showing the reactions at each electrode.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(4)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
(1)
(Total 9 marks)
40. Electrolysis can be used to obtain chlorine from molten sodium chloride. Write an equation for
the reaction occurring at each electrode and describe the two different ways in which electricity
is conducted when the cell is in operation.
(Total 4 marks)
41. Two reactions occurring in the manufacture of bromine from sea water are
(ii) State and explain whether SO2 is reduced or oxidized in reaction II by referring to the
oxidation numbers of sulfur in this reaction.
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 12 of 19
42. In terms of electron transfer define:
(i) oxidation
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 2 marks)
43. Deduce the change in oxidation number of chromium in the below reaction. State with a reason
whether the chromium has been oxidized or reduced.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(Total 2 marks)
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Deduce the change in oxidation number of chromium in the reaction below. State
with a reason whether the chromium has been oxidized or reduced.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 3 marks)
Page 13 of 19
45. Iron in food, in the form of Fe3+, reacts with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), C6H8O6, to form
dehydroascorbic acid, C6H6O6.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) In the other ionic half-equation Fe3+ is converted to Fe2+. Deduce the overall
equation for the reaction between C6H8O6 and Fe3+.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 2 marks)
46. (i) Draw a diagram of apparatus that could be used to electrolyse molten potassium bromide.
Label the diagram to show the polarity of each electrode and the product formed.
(3)
(ii) Describe the two different ways in which electricity is conducted in the apparatus.
(2)
(iii) Write an equation to show the formation of the product at each electrode.
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
47. Iodide ions, I–(aq), react with iodate ions, IO3–(aq), in an acidic solution to form molecular
iodine and water.
(i) Determine the oxidation number of iodine in each iodine-containing species in the
reaction.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(2)
oxidation ....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
reduction ....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Page 14 of 19
IB Chemistry – SL
Topic 9 Answers
1. D
[1]
2. B
[1]
3. D
[1]
4. D
[1]
5. D
[1]
6. D
[1]
7. D
[1]
8. D
[1]
9. B
[1]
10. D
[1]
11. B
[1]
12. A
[1]
13. A
[1]
14. A
[1]
15. B
[1]
16. B
[1]
17. A
[1]
18. B
[1]
19. A
[1]
20. B
[1]
21. D
[1]
Page 15 of 19
22. C
[1]
23. B
[1]
24. D
[1]
25. C
[1]
26. A
[1]
27. A
[1]
28. B
[1]
29. D
[1]
30. A
[1]
31. A
[1]
32. A
[1]
33. C
[1]
34. B
[1]
35. D
[1]
(ii) oxidation;
Cu → Cu2+ + 2e; 2
(iii) (silver nitrate) solution turns blue/grey or black or silver solid forms;
copper ions form/Cu2+ ions form/silver deposited; 2
[5]
39. (i) sodium chloride crystals consist of ions in a rigid lattice/ions can not
move about;
when melted the ions are free to move or ions move when a voltage
is applied;
in electrolysis positive sodium ions or Na+ ions move to the negative
electrode or cathode; and negative chloride ions or Cl– move to the
positive electrode or anode; 4
Na+ + e− → Na;
(ii) S in SO2
+4;
S in H2SO4
Page 17 of 19
+6;
Award only [1] for 4 + and 6 + or 4 and 6.
(ii) (a species that) gains electrons (from another species)/causes electron loss; 1
[2]
43. changes by 3;
reduced because its oxidation number decreased / +6 → +3 / 6+ → 3+ / it has gained
electrons;
[2]
44. (i) (a species that) gains electrons (from another species)/causes electron loss; 1
(ii) changes by 3;
reduced because its oxidation number decreased / +6 → +3 / 6+ → 3+ /
it has gained electrons; 2
[3]
(iii) K+ + e− → K;
2Br− → Br2 + 2e−; 2
No need to indicate polarity of electrodes.
Accept e instead of e−.
[7]
47. (i) I− = −1 / 1−
IO3− = +5 / 5+
I2 = 0 2
Award [2] for all three correct, [1] for any two correct,
Signs must be included
Do not accept Roman numerals
(ii) oxidation
Page 18 of 19
I− (to I2), increase in oxidation number/loss of electron(s);
reduction
Page 19 of 19