FUTURE INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

CC-148/294
UNDER
MAKAUT, WB
PPT ON AUTOMOBILE FRAME
CONTINUOUS ASSSESSMENT#1
AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
PE-ME701A
PRESENTED BY
ASHISH SHARMA- 14800719031
MD.MODASSIR HUSSAIN- 14800719027
AYAAN SHAHAB- 14800719007
SUBHADEEP DATTA- 14800720012
DIPAYAN MANDAL-14800719024
PARTHIV DAS-14800719039

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
7TH SEMESTER
AY: 2022-23
INTRODUCTION
Chassis is a French term and was initially used to denote the frame parts or Basic
Structure of the vehicle. It is the back bone of the vehicle. A vehicle with out body is
called Chassis. The components of the vehicle like Power plant, Transmission System,
Axles, Wheels and Tyres , Suspension, Controlling Systems like Braking, Steering etc., and
also electrical system parts are mounted on the Chassis frame. It is the main mounting
for all the components including the body. So it is also called as Carrying Unit.
It supports all the parts of the automobile attached to it . It is made of drop forged steel.
All the parts related to automobiles are attached to it only. All the systems related to
automobile like powerplant , transmission, steering, suspension, braking system etc are
attached to and supported by it only.
FRAME
• It is the supporting component of automobile vehicle.
• It is the foundation for carrying the engine, transmission system & steering system by
means of spring , axle , rubber pads etc.
• The frame are made of box , tubular channels or U-shaped section , welded or riveted
together.
FUNCTION OF FRAME
1. To support chassis components & the body.
2. To withstand the static & dynamic load of different components of chassis.
3. To withstand load of the body.
4. To carry load of passengers/goods carried in body.
5. To withstand stresses caused due to uneven road conditions.
6. To withstand force caused due to turning of vehicle & sudden braking or
acceleration.
TYPES OF FRAME
There are three types of frames:
1> Conventional Frame
2> Semi-Integral Frame
3> Integral or unit frame

#1CONVENTIONAL FRAME
Conventional-frame is also known as non-load carrying frame. In this type of frame, the loads on the vehicle are
transferred to the suspension by the frame, which is the main skeleton of the vehicle. The frame supports the
engine, power train, and vehicle body. It is supported on the wheel axles by means of springs.
The bodywork is done by flexible material such as a wood and is completely different from frame deflection with
the help of rubber mounting. This type of construction is widely used in trucks. The frame sections are normally
channel, tubular, or box type. The channel frame section is good in bending, a tubular section in torsion, and a
box in bending and torsion.
#2 Semi-integral frame
In the semi-integral frame, the rubber body mounts are replaced by relatively stiff mounts so that a part of the
frame load is transferred to the body structure also. This type of frame is quite popular for small. European cars
and American cars. is, however, heavy.
#3 Integral or unit frame
In the integral or unit frame and body type construction, there is no frame and all
assembly units are attached to the body. The body and frame is a single unit which is welded together and all the
function of the frame are carried out on it. The construction is such that the body sheets relieve the metal
framework of part of the stresses. This saves some weight over the conventional separate frame and body
construction.
MATERIALS USED IN AUTOMOBILE FRAME
Steel: The main elements of selecting material especially for the body is involved in a wide variety of
characteristics such as thermal, chemical or mechanical resistance, manufacturing efficiency and durability.

Aluminium: Al is widely used in the automotive industry, in chassis and body structure. Use of aluminium can
possibly decrease the weight of the vehicle. Its low weight and high specific energy absorption and precise
strength are its most significant characteristics
Magnesium: Magnesium is another light-weight metal that is growing increasingly next to aluminium in
automotive engineering. It is 33% lighter than aluminium and 75% lighter than steel elements. Magnesium
components have many mechanical disadvantages that need a unique design for utilisation to automotive
products.
DIFFERENT BODIES USED IN AUTOMOBILES-
The automobiles bodies are designed according to the requirement of the vehicle. According to design and requirement of
the vehicle , there are different types of Automobiles bodies. Some of them are listed as below :
(i) Car
(ii) Straight truck or Punjab truck body
(iii) Truck with half body
(iv) Platform type truck
(v) Tractor
(vi) Tractor with articulated trailer
(vii) Tanker
(viii) Bus
(ix) Dumper truck
(x) Delivery van
(x) Station wagon
(xi) Pick up van
(xii) Jeep
(xiv) Long wheel base truck etc
According to requirement , automobile bodies are classified mainly into different types namely private vehicle, commercial
vehicle, fleet transport vehicle, passenger transport vehicle, Ambulances vehicle used for transport of Army personal,
Ammunition etc., different types of tanker vehicle etc. If it is a private vehicle, the vehicle is used for luxury personal travelling
, private cargo transport etc, namely car , mini van , Omni bus, matador etc. If it is commercial vehicle the vehicle is used for
transportation of goods some other vehicles, freezer boxes etc. If it is tanker, it is used to transport milk , water, edible oils,
petroleum products , gases , acids etc. The tanker bodies are designed according to the relevant requirement .
SUMMARY
• Chassis is the basic framework of the automobile. It supports all the parts of the automobile.

• It has to withstand centrifugal force while cornering and bending stresses due to rise and fall of front and rear axles.

• Different types of chassis frames are

i. Channel section
ii. Box section
iii. Tubular section.

• The loads acting on chassis frame are.

i. Stationary loads of permanent attachments.
ii. Short duration loads while turning, braking etc.
iii. Loads applied while crossing irregular and uneven surfaces.
iv. Loads caused by irregular and overloading of the vehicle.
v. Loads caused by sudden accidents.
vi. Momentary loads while quick acceleration, sudden braking
etc.