Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences– Grade 11

Quarter 1 – Module 5: Brief Overview of Middle Age to Enlightenment

First Edition, 2020

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 DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS
IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 11
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 5
Brief Overview of Middle Age to Enlightenment
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Grade 11 Self-
Learning Module 5 on Brief Overview of Middle Age to Enlightenment!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Self-Learning

Module 5 on Brief Overview of Middle Age to Enlightenment!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

In this lesson, the students are expected to:

a. trace major events in Middle Age to Enlightenment that led to the
emergence of the social science discipline
b. discuss the contribution of key figures and personalities in the
development of the social science disciplines.
c. appreciate the creative representation of disciplines and value their
biggest contribution to the society.

PRETEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. When did the period of enlightenment take place?

a. 8th century c. 13th century
b. 10 century
th d. 18th century

2. Middle Ages was also regarded by scholars as what period?

a. Medieval Period c. Late Modern Period
b. Renaissance Period d. Early Modern Period

3. Where did the period of enlightenment start?

a. Asia c. Europe
b. Australia d. United States

4. The war between Muslims and Christians that took place in 1095.
a. Counter-Reformation c. Reformation
b. Crusades d. French Revolution

5. The central social system during the Middle Ages.

a. Absolutism c. Feudalism
b. Capitalism d. Socialism
 RECAP

For today’s recap, try to recall the previous lesson by enumerating the
fundamental concepts of Christianity. (5 points)
Fundamentals
of Christianity

5. 1.

4. 2.

3.

LESSON

BRIEF OVERVIEW OF MIDDLE AGE TO ENLIGHTENMENT

Middle ages, also recognized as the Medieval Period, was regarded
by scholars as the lasting from the fall of Rome in 476 AD to the birth of
Modern Age starting around 15th to 16th century.
Here are the major events that you need to know about the middle
ages:

The Catholic Church had a

huge power and influence. Feudalism was the
Kings and queens were obligated dominant social system
to act according to the requests of during the Middle Ages.
the Church.

Under the system

The rise of Islam was also a of feudalism, landless peasants,
major event which occurred called serfs had virtually no choice but
during the early Middle Ages. to toil for others just to scratch out a
Following the death of living.Under feudalism, the king
distributed large pieces of land to
Muhammad in 632 A.D. noblemen.

Nonetheless, in 1095 Pope The nobleman then employed serfs

Urban II called upon Christians to work their land, with most of the
produce going back to the noblemen.
to go to war against the In return for their labor, serfs were
Muslims, an event that was granted small living spaces and
soon called the Crusades. protection from enemies.
 Meanwhile, as the Period of Enlightenment emerged, European
politics, philosophy, communications and science were fundamentally
reoriented. The movement, known as the Age of Reason, took place on the
18th century (1685-1815). Enlightenment thinkers of Europe questioned
traditional religious views and authority, and advocated about rational
change towards humanity. This movement generated various essays, books,
inventions, laws, wars, scientific discoveries and revolutions.
Let us know the significant figures of this period from the illustrations
below.

The Enlightenment’s important 17th-century precursors

Key Natural Philosophers of the Scientific Revolution

Main Themes of Enlightenment
• Enlightenment
thinkers criticized
supernatural
occurrences as
mere superstition.
• Deist movement
Deism – the belief
that God exists,
but chooses to let
the universe
proceed according
to natural law.
In Support
o Equality
o Human dignity
ACTIVITIES
Activity 8
Word Pool
Directions: Read each sentence carefully and identify what is being
described in the sentence. Choose your answer from the word pool.
Francis Bacon
Islam
René Descartes
Pope Urban II
Catholic Church
1. The institution that had huge power and influence during the
Medieval Period.
• Man is endowed • A person is able
with certain to think critically
liberties or rights. and methodically.
• Rights were • Moreover,
believed to have thinking
methodically leads
been granted by
to the creation of
God and/or
nature. science.
• Skepticism
• Enlightenment
toward monarchs,
figures promoted
particularly the
ideas of equality
idea of an absolute
and human monarch.
dignity.
In Opposition
o Supernatural occurrences
o Superstition
o Intolerance
o Bigotry
Equality & Human Dignity
Deism
Bigotry
Galileo Galilei
Individualism
 2. It is the religion that also emerged during the Middle Ages and had
conflict with Christianity.
3. One of the key ideas that was promoted during the Enlightenment
wherein a man is endowed with liberty and rights.
4. A French mathematician who was also hailed as the father of modern
philosophy.
5. One of the traditional views that was opposed by enlightenment
thinkers.
Activity 9
Word Puzzle
Direction: Read each statement carefully and identify what is being
described by encircling the words from the word puzzle as well as writing the
answer before each number.

N O B L E M A N F J T U
C V H A M O E U R O P E
A C G B Q A E O V H M J
F S E T A J M Z B A E T
U K Q R C I P P K N D D
F E U D A L I S M N I Z
O P A Q F B R U D E E N
P T L Y U I I O E S V U
R I I I T D C F X K A S
O C T L F R I A E E L B
U I Y J O E S A U P Y I
T S E R F S M H V L D M
S M E C R U S A D E S R
A N H S B G X S G R H W

1. He was one of the key natural philosophers of the scientific revolution

who discovered three major laws of planetary motion.
2. A religious war of Christians and Muslims that occurred in 1095.
3. The period that was also known as the Middle Ages.
4. It is where the period of enlightenment first emerged.
5. The dominant social system during the Middle Ages.
 WRAP-UP

This lesson about the Middle Ages and the Period of Enlightenment
allows us to recognize the occurrences from both periods as well as to know
the important figures who made significant contributions to science and
society. With that being said, write on your notebook the part of the lesson
that fascinates you the most —may it be a philosopher or any component
from the events.

VALUING

In this lesson, we learned a lot about social systems, rational changes,

advocates and thinkers that helped shape the society we live in today. It is
essential for us to be aware of how it all began for us to be able to trace how
these concepts soon evolved. Nevertheless, as a Humanities student, these
concepts will open our eyes and minds to new ideas and even hone our
critical thinking.

POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The movement that took place on the 18th century.

a. Age of Faith c. Age of Reason
b. Age of Doubt d. None of the above

2. A key philosopher of the scientific revolution who invented differential and

integral calculus, along with Sir Isaac Newton.
a. Pope Urban II c. Thomas Hobbes
b. Galileo Galilei d. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

3. When did the first crusade begin?

a. 1090 c. 1095
b. 1093 d. 1098
4. Enlightenment thinkers are in oppose of these ideas except ___.
a. Bigotry c. Intolerance
b. Human dignity d. Supernatural occurrences

5. The following are the main themes of the enlightenment except for one ___
a. Individualism c. Socialism
b. Reason d.Skepticism

KEY TO CORRECTION

Bigotry 5. 5. c
René Descartes 4.
4. b
Individualism 3.
3. c
Islam 2.
Catholic Church 1. 2. d
1. c
Activity 1 Post test

Feudalism 5.
c 5.
Europe 4.
b 4.
c 3. Medieval 3.
a 2. Crusades 2.
d 1. Johannes Kepler 1.
Pre-test Activity 2

References
Illustrations
Francke, Christoph Bernhard. “Bildnis des Philosophen Leibniz.” Wikipedia
(n.d.).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz#/media/File
:Christoph_Bernhard_Francke_-
_Bildnis_des_Philosophen_Leibniz_(ca._1695).jpg
Hals, Frans. “René Descartes.” Wikipedia, (n.d.).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes
“Johannes Kepler.” Wikipedia,
(n.d.).https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Kepler
Short, Dan Brian.“The philosopher, statesman and scientist Sir Francis
Bacon (1561–1626); public domain art.” Research Gate, published
September 2013. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-
philosopher-statesman-and-scientist-Sir-Francis-Bacon-1561-1626-
public-domain-art_fig1_255712425
“Thomas Hobbes.” Lapham’s Quarterly, (n.d.).
https://www.laphamsquarterly.org/contributors/hobbes
Van Helden, Albert. “Galileo.” Britannica, published March11, 2020.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Galileo-Galilei

Websites
Duignan, Brian. “Enlightenment: European History.” Britannica, published
September 10, 2019.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Enlightenment-European-history.
"Major Events in the Middle Ages." Study.com, published October 1, 2015.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/major-events-in-the-middle-
ages.html.
History.com Editors.“Enlightenment.” History, published December 16,
2009. https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/enlightenment
“Major Themes of the Enlightenment: Reason, Individualism &Skepticism.”
Study.com, (n.d.).https://study.com/academy/lesson/major-themes-
of-the-enlightenment-reason-individualism-skepticism.html
“Skepticism throughout the Enlightenment.” Western Civilization II Guides,
published November 28, 2013.
http://westerncivguides.umwblogs.org/2013/11/28/skepticism-
throughout-the-enlightenment/
Jarus, Owen. “What Was the Enlightenment?” Live Science, published
September 12, 2019. https://www.livescience.com/55327-the-
enlightenment.html