CABADBARAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Comparative Study of Saba Banana Peels to a Commercialized

Vinegar: Acidity

A Thesis Research Proposal

Presented to the Faculty of the

Cabadbaran City National High school

Brgy. 12, Curato St. Cabadbaran City

Agusan Del Norte

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the

Practical Research 2

Charlotte Shanty Bolambot

Daylin Feb Bali-os

Angelica Abing

Regiel Hermosa

Liorenlee Cabrera

Jannah Victoria Amora

Chennie Mae Agua Salalima

Angel Ramos

Aljean Quintano Deroca

Marlito Recorte

Rofemar Grace Bulang Gumpay

MEMBERS
 CABADBARAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Chapter 1

PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the introduction, literature

reviewed, conceptual framework, study's objectives,

significance, scope and limitation, and definition of terms.

Introduction

Review of Literature
 CABADBARAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
This portion consists of previous researchers'studies

and literature and was herein reviewed to enrich the present

investigation.

Historical Background of Saba Banana (Musa acuminata ×

balbisiana)

According to the most current survey conducted in the

Philippines, food processing accounts for 25% of the

nation's net banana production, or over 2 million metric

tons for 2019. According to the preliminary investigations,

the trash generated after processing weighs around two-

thirds as much as the original material. Therefore,

processing bananas has the potential to produce more than a

million metric tons of garbage. Banana peels may be used to

make high-value goods like vinegar, which is an excellent

avenue for study given the amount of trash they generate

during processing, most of which is dumped in landfills.

(Rivadeneira, et, al,. 2020).

The fruit crop is mostly grown in Southeast Asia and is

known by many regional names, including big pisang kepok in

Indonesia, pisang abu nepah in Malaysia, kluai hin in

 CABADBARAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Thailand, chuoi mat in Vietnam, and Saba or cardaba in the

Philippines. Because of the various uses it has on the

domestic market, this variety of banana is the most

significant in terms of commercial production and trade in

the Philippine context. The majority of people in rural

regions considered Saba bananas to be one of their main food

sources, frequently being used as a substitute for rice and

grain. An growth in both consumption and use has been shown

over the last year as a result of its lower cost when

compared to dessert bananas and high likelihood of

formulation into a range of goods such as using its peels to

create vinegar (Reginio Jr, Ketnawa, & Ogawa, 2020)

Phytochemical Analysis of Saba Banana (Musa acuminata ×

balbisiana)

According to Obiageli, et. al., (2016), they stated

that alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, and flavonoids were

found in the pulp of the three Musa species that were

collected at different times, according to the results of a

qualitative phytochemical examination. Only the ripe stage

of the plantain was found to contain tannin. At every stage

of development, anthraquinones and phlobatannins were not

 CABADBARAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
found in any of the samples. According to the findings of

the quantitative phytochemical analyses of the three Musa

species, phenol content was highest in all Musa species

collected at different stages of growth, followed by

alkaloids. The three Musa species' juvenile phases of

development were found to have a significant concentration

of tannins. As fruit matures from immature to ripe phases,

it was observed that there was a rise in the amount of each

phytochemical in the various species.

The high concentration of essential industrial

components found in these banana peels includes cellulose,

hemicellulose, and natural fibers that can be altered

through a variety of processes, including bacterial

fermentation and anaerobic degradation, to produce

bioplastics, organic fertilizers, and biofuels like ethanol,

biogas, hydrogen, and biodiesel. (Acevedo, Carillo, Flórez-

López, & Grande-Tovar, 2021)

Nutritional Value and Health Benefits of Saba Banana (Musa

acuminata × balbisiana)
 CABADBARAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Saba fruit is indigenous to the Philippines and

represents the most widely produced cooking banana cultivar

in the country. It is extending to an increasing number of

places around the globe. According to Wahome, et.al.,

(2022), Saba fruit contains a high concentration of

nutrients, making it a healthy choice for consumption. Saba

fruit is high in starch and has a carbohydrate level

comparable to potatoes. It is also high in vitamins A, B,

and C, as well as dietary fiber and iron. Raw saba fruit

offers the highest nutritional value. Carbohydrates,

vitamins A, B, and C, potassium, soda, potassium chloride,

alkaline phosphatase with minimal sulfate, lime, and silica

are all found in banana flesh. Saba peel leftovers may have

the same beneficial components found in banana flesh and

these important components can be employed to create

pharmaceutical/medicinal, nutritional, and energy-containing

formulations. Saba fruit is helpful for digestion due to its

high fiber content. It may alleviate constipation symptoms

and lower the risk of stomach ulcers and other

gastrointestinal issues. Saba fruit contains a range of B

vitamins, which allow it to improve metabolic processes in

the body, contains a variety of B vitamins, which allow it

 CABADBARAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
to improve metabolic processes in the body Since it contains

natural sugar, the Saba fruit has a lower glycemic index. In

light of this, bananas are a beneficial diet for diabetics.

Saba Banana (Musa acuminata × balbisiana)Peels to be Used as

a Source of Vinegar

@Marlito Recorte @Aljean Quintano Deroca @Chennie Mae

Agua Salalima