WEEK 2 READING GUIDE TESL 5030 -1-

Week 2 Reading Guide

TESL 5030 Uzbekistan

Name: Normuminov Murod

One: Language Files

Languages evolve with time, and some vanish entirely. Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit are all
described in the article as "dead languages." It was tough for me to grasp Old and Middle
English vocabulary after listening to audios. However, I detect certain parallels in the spelling of
Middle English and Modern English terms. As can be observed, the language of The Lord's
Prayer has been altered not just in terms of grammar but also in terms of punctuation.

Reading Two: Barry

The term morphology is derived from the Greek morph-, which meaning "form, shape" and is a
component of words. Morphology is a significant area of linguistics since it is concerned with
the internal structure of words. In language, a morpheme is the smallest meaningful lexical
entity. Each language has its own set of word combinations, morphemes, which are distinct from
one another. The root is the fundamental meaning of the term, and it is referred to as affixes in
modern use. For instance, the basis of the term uneventful is an event, the un- prefix, and the –
full suffix.

There are five distinct morphological types:

1. Affixation - enlisted
2. Compounding - greenhouse
3. Interchange – foot-feet
4. Suppletion – bad-worse
5. Zero-change – fish-fish

Phonology is the study of a language's sound patterns. The concepts of phonology may also be
used to speech therapy and technology improvements. Phonology is a branch of linguistics that
encompasses phonetics, morphology, syntax, and other facets of language. Phonology is
classified into two subfields:

Segmental – cat, dog, etc.

2. Suprasegmental - this is the tone, syllable, and stress structure.

Reading Three: Zhao

If the language planning strategy and proposal are executed properly, the anticipated objectives
and results will be achieved. The term "actors" refers to persons who may be students, diplomatic
personnel, or professors. They play a critical role in language policy and planning. Zhao and
Baldauf (2008b) classified actors into four categories in their article:
WEEK 2 READING GUIDE TESL 5030 -2-

1. Powerful individuals: These are individuals who have positions of authority in

government, most notably national leaders. This category includes those in positions of
authority, most notably national leaders and high-ranking officials. They are genuine LPP
professors who establish guidelines. Their function is critical.

2. Experts: These include professors, scientists, authors, and poets, among others. These
include scientists, linguists, and highly qualified individuals in their disciplines. For
instance, physicists are professionals in their specialty, not for the sake of language
planning. However, they will contribute to the development of an important phrase in
another manner.

3. Influential individuals: These are often the social elites, a varied set of individuals who
wield social power as a consequence of their knowledge/skills, contributions to society,
personalities, and high moral standards, or simply because their occupations are public in
nature.

4. Individuals with an interest: These individuals lack the power and personal standing
associated with the other three classes. This group of actors was mostly disregarded
throughout the early phases of LPP development, but has received more attention in
recent years. They are common citizens. Thus, they occasionally provide critical ideas
that aided in the development of LPP.

4. The article discusses improvements in English language education and a redesigned

curriculum that aims to strengthen and expand the young's understanding. Not only are changes
beneficial for linguistic knowledge, but also for communication abilities. Additionally, the piece
discusses the importance of teacher education. Encouraging and enhancing the expertise of
language instructors via training. Some issues must be revisited in order to enhance the
educational system. Appropriate textbooks and teaching materials, enhanced teacher training,
and appropriate teacher salary are all necessary components of improving and making English
education more responsive.