Análisis Químico e

2 Taller
Instrumental

No. 3

Temáticas: Análisis gravimétrico. Introducción a la gravimetría. Factor gravimétrico.

Clasificación de los métodos gravimétricos. Métodos gravimétricos por precipitación y
volatilización. Cálculos en gravimetría

Competencias:

Proponer soluciones a problemas teóricos y prácticos utilizando los principios y leyes de la

Química y las correspondientes herramientas matemáticas en el contexto de la teoría
atómica clásica.

Demostrar con argumentos válidos la aplicación de los conocimientos adquiridos a nuevas

situaciones de aprendizaje

Preguntas

1. Calculate the gravimetric factor of:

a) Sn in SnO2
b) MgO in Mg2P2O3
c) Ca in CaCO3

Precipitation Gravimetry

2. A soluble fertiliser contains phosphorus in the form of phosphate ions (PO 43-). To
determine the PO 3-4 content by gravimetric analysis, 5.97 g of the fertiliser powder
was completely dissolved in water to make a volume of 250.0 mL. A 20.00 mL
volume of this solution was pipetted into a conical flask and the PO 3- ions in the
4
solution were precipitated as MgNH4PO4. The precipitate was filtered, washed with
water and then converted by heating into Mg 2P2O7. The mass of Mg2P2O7 was
0.0352 g.

Calculate:
a) The amount of substance, in mole, of Mg2P2O7
b) The amount, in mole, of phosphorus in the 20.00 mL volume of solution.
c) The amount, in mole, of phosphorus in 5.97 g of fertiliser.
d) The percentage of phosphate ions (PO 3-)4 by mass in the fertiliser. Ensure you
express your answer to an appropriate number of significant cant figures.

Danilo Ariza. Profesor Facultad de Ciencias Básicas.

 3. An ore containing magnetite, Fe 3O4, was analyzed by dissolving a 1.5419 g sample
in concentrated HCl, giving a mixture of Fe 2+ and Fe3+. After adding HNO3 to
oxidize any Fe2+ to Fe3+, the resulting solution was diluted with water and the Fe 3+
precipitated as Fe(OH)3 by adding NH3. After filtering and rinsing, the residue was
ignited, giving 0.8525 g of pure Fe2O3. Calculate the %w/w Fe3O4 in the sample.

4. A 0.6113 g sample of Dow metal, containing aluminum, magnesium, and other

metals, was dissolved and treated to prevent interferences by the other metals. The
aluminum and magnesium were precipitated with 8-hydroxyquinoline. After
filtering and drying, the mixture of Al(C 9H6NO)3 and Mg(C9H6NO)2 was found to
weigh 7.8154 g. The mixture of dried precipitates was then ignited, converting the
precipitate to a mixture of Al 2O3 and MgO. The weight of this mixed solid was
found to be 1.0022 g. Calculate the %w/w Al and %w/w Mg in the alloy.

Volatilization Gravimetry

Figure 1

The thermogram in Figure 1 shows the change in mass for a sample of calcium oxalate
monohydrate, CaC2O4 × H2O. The original sample weighed 24.60 mg and was heated from
room temperature to 1000 °C at a rate of 5 °C min. The following changes in mass and
corresponding temperature ranges were observed:

Loss of 3.03 mg from 100–250

°C Loss of 4.72 mg from 400–
500 °C Loss of 7.41 mg from
700–850 °C

Danilo Ariza. Profesor Facultad de Ciencias Básicas.

Determine the identities of the volatilization products and the solid residue at each step of
the thermal decomposition.

Danilo Ariza. Profesor Facultad de Ciencias Básicas.