tWhat is STD?

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) — or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) — are

generally acquired by sexual contact. The organisms (bacteria, viruses or parasites)
that cause sexually transmitted diseases may pass from person to person in blood,
semen, or vaginal and other bodily fluids.

are a substantial global health problem of the world, especially in developing countries.

STIs are also sometimes called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). While "STD" is
often used interchangeably with "STI," they are not exactly the same. A "disease" is
usually an obvious medical problem with clear signs and symptoms. "Infection" with an
STI may or may not result in disease. This is why many individuals and organizations
working in health are moving toward using the term "sexually transmitted infection"
rather than "sexually transmitted disease." Most people with STIs do not have any
symptoms and therefore often do not know that they can pass the infection on to their
sexual partner(s).

1. How does STD work?

STDs include just about every kind of infection. Bacterial STDs include chlamydia,
gonorrhea, and syphilis. Viral STDs include HIV, genital herpes, genital warts (HPV), and
hepatitis B. Trichomoniasis is caused by a parasite.
The germs that cause STDs hide in semen, blood, vaginal secretions, and
sometimes saliva. Most of the organisms are spread by vaginal, anal, or oral sex, but
some, such as those that cause genital herpes and genital warts, may be spread
through skin contact. You can get hepatitis B by sharing personal items, such
as toothbrushes or razors, with someone who has it.

2. When does STD happen?

You can get a STD from vaginal, anal, or oral sex. You can also be infected with
trichomoniasis through contact with damp or moist objects such as towels, wet clothing, or
toilet seats, although it is more commonly spread by sexual contact.
It can be spread by sharing needles or other objects contaminated by blood, as well as
through sexual contact. STDs are not spread by handshakes, hugs, toilet seats, towels,
dishes, telephone receivers, or insect bites.
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(STDs). Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.
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symptoms-causes/syc-20351240

2. (Johnson T., 2021) The Basics of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs). WebMD LLC.
https://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/understanding-stds-basics#:~:text=The
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3. (Johnson T., 2021). Understanding Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs). WebMD

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Sexually Transmitted Infections or Diseases (STIs or STDs), 2020) Sexually

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