UNIT II:

CITE IT DOWN YOW!: GUIDE IN

CITING
SOURCES IN BIBLIOGRAPHY

ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL

PURPOSES
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

• What are the distinct features of different citation styles?

• What are the benefits of using citation styles in writing an
academic paper?
• How to use properly each citation styles?
TARGET OUTCOMES

• Identify different Citation Styles.

• Familiarize guidelines in citing sources.
• Exhibit understanding about the lesson.
 CITATIONS

• Provides format for citing sources and formulating bibliography works as well as
in-text citation. (Temple University, 2020)
• a reference to the source of information used in your research. Any time you
directly quote, paraphrase or summarize the essential elements of someone
else's idea in your work, an in-text citation should follow. An in-text citation
is a brief notation within the text of your paper or presentation which refers
the reader to a fuller notation, or end-of-paper citation, that provides all
necessary details about that source of information. (Suny Empire State
College, 2021)
APA (American Psychological Association)

MLA (Modern Language Association) MOST USED

CITATION
FORMATS
Chicago Style/Format
 TYPE MLA APA CHICAGO
MARGINS Exactly 1 inch on top, At least 1 inch (2.54 cm) on At least 1 inch on top,
bottom, and sides. top, bottom, and sides. bottom, and sides.
ALIGNMENT On the left margin On the left margin On the left margin
SPACING Double-space everything – Double-space everything Double-space the text,
heading, texts, works cited, except special items like including any indented
etc. equations, tables, or figures. quotations.
TITLE PAGE Not required by MLA, but Generally required unless It should include the paper’s
check with your instructor your instructor says full title.
otherwise.
PAGE NUMBERS Put them one-half inch below Put them in the upper right Put them in the upper right
the top of the page in the corner. Create a running corner. Use Arabic numerals.
upper right corner. head no more than 50
characters long.
INDENTATIONS Indent the first lines of The first lines of paragraphs Indent the first lines of
paragraphs one-half inch (5 and all lines of an indented paragraphs and all lines of an
spaces). quotation should be indented indented quotations one-half
one-half inch. inch.
LIST OF REFERENCES Begin it on a new page. Begin it on a new page. Begin it on a new page.
Center the heading “Works Center the heading Center the heading
Cited” just below the top “References” just below the “Bibliography” just below the
margin. top margin. top margin.
APPLICATION
OF THE THREE
CITATION • APA
STYLES IN • MLA
DIFFERENT • CHICAGO
TYPES OF
SOURCES
APPLICATION OF THE THREE CITATION
STYLES IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF
SOURCES
• In this unit, the main focus would be the application of each citation
styles in writing a bibliography. Commonly, the three citation styles
have almost the same ruling when it comes with writing an in-text
citation, but having a different format in writing sources in
bibliography. So try to look closely on the different sources
provided and try to analyze what are the different styles of citing
them.
GENERAL FORMAT FOR BOOKS

APA (7TH MLA CHICAGO

EDITION)
Last Name, First Last Name, First Last Name, First
Name Initial. (Year of Name. title of the Book. Name. Title of the
Publication). Title of City of Publication, Book. Place of
Work: Capital Letter Publisher, Publication Publication: Publisher,
also for subtitle. Date. Year of Publication.
Publisher Name
BOOKS WITH ONE AUTHOR
APA (7TH
EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial.
(Year of Publication). Title of
Work: Capital Letter also for
subtitle. Publisher Name
Example:
Malory, T. (2017). Le morte
darthur (P.J.C. Field, Ed.). D.S.
Brewer. (Original work
published 1469-70
MLA
Last Name, First Name. title of
the Book. City of Publication,
Publisher, Publication Date.
Example:
Henley, Patricia. The
Hummingbird House.
MacMurray, 1999.
CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name. Title of
the Book. Place of Publication:
Publisher,Year of Publication.
Example:
Kerouac, Jack. The Dharma
Bums. New York:Viking Press,
1958.
TRANSLATED BOOKS
APA (7TH
EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial.
(Year of Publication). Title of Work:
Capital Letter also for subtitle. (T.
Translator, Trans.) Publisher Name.
(Original work Published YEAR)
Example:
Plato. (1989). Symposium (A.
Nehamas & P. Woodruff, Trans.)
Hackett Publishing Company.
(Original work published ca. 386-
378 BCE)
MLA
Last Name, First Name. title of the
Book. Translated by (Translator‘s
F.N. L.N), City of Publication,
Publisher, Publication Date.
Example:
Foucault, Michel. Madness and
Civilization: A History of Insanity in
the Age of Reason. Translated by
Richard Howard,Vintage-Random
House, 1988.
CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name. Title of the
Book. (Translator‘s F.N. L.N). Place
of Publication: Publisher, Year of
Publication.
Example:
Cortazar, Julio. Hopscotch.
Translated by Gregory Rabassa.
New York: Pantheon Books, 1966.
MULTIVOLUME BOOKS
APA (7TH
EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial.
(Year of Publication). Title of Work:
Capital Letter also for subtitle
(Volume no.). Publisher Name.
Example:
David, A., & Simpson, J. (Eds.).
(2006). The Norton anthology of
English Literature: The Middle Ages
(8th ed.Vol. A). W.W. Norton and
Company.
MLA CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name. title of the
Book. Translated by Translator‘s
NO DATA FOUND
F.N. L.N, volume no., City of
Publication, Publisher, Publication
Date.
Example:
Quintilian. Institutio Oratoria.
Translated by H.E. Butler, vol. 2,
Loeb-Harvard UP, 1980.
INTRODUCTION, PREFACES,
FOREWORDS, AND AFTERWORDS
APA (7TH
EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial.
(Year of Publication). Part of the
source. Title of Work: Capital Letter
also for subtitle (Page no.).
Publisher Name.
Example:
Lang, J.M. (2018). Introduction,
Teaching the literature survey course
(pp. 1-8). West Virginia University
Press.
MLA
Last Name, First Name. Part of
the Source. Title of the Book, by
Author, City of Publication,
Publisher, Publication Date, page
number.
Example:
Farrell, Thomas B. Introduction.
Norms of Rhetorical Culture, by
Farrell, Yale UP, 1993, pp. 1- 13.
CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name. Part of
the Source to Title of the book,
page number. Editor‘s Name. Place
of Publication: Publisher, Year
published.
Example:
Pinker, Steven. Introduction to
What is Your Dangerous Idea?, xxiii-
xxxiii. Edited by John Brockman.
New York: Harper Perennial, 2007.
GENERAL FORMAT FOR
PERIODICALS
APA (7TH
EDITION)
Last Name, First Name
Initial. (Year of
Publication). Title of
article. Title of Periodical,
volume number (issue
number), pages. URL/DOI
MLA
Last Name, First Name. Title. Title
of the container (self-contained if
book), Other contributors
(translator or editors), Edition,
Volume no., Publisher, Publisher
date, pages. 2nd container‘s title,
Other contributors, Edition,
Volume no., Publisher, Pub Date,
pages.
CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name.
―Article Title.‖ Journal
Title (volume no.), issue
no, (date published): page
number.
JOURNALS OR ELECTRONIC JOURNALS
APA (7TH EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial. (Year of
Publication). Title of article. Title of
Periodical, volume number (issue
number), pages. URL/DOI
Example:
Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of
listening. The New Criterion, 15(3), 5- 13.
Baniya, S., & Weech, S. (2019). Data and
experience design: Negotiating
community-oriented digital research
with service-learning. Purdue Journal of
Service-Learning and International
Engagement, 6(1), 11-6.
https://doi.org/10.5703/128828431697
9.
MLA
Last Name, First Name. Title. Title of
the container (self-contained if book),
Other contributors (translator or
editors), Edition, Volume no., Publisher,
Publisher date, pages. 2nd container‘s
title, Other contributors, Edition,
Volume no., Publisher, Pub Date, pages.
Example:
Bagchi Alaknanda. ―Conflicting
Nationalisms: The Voice of the
Subaltern in Mahasweta Devi‘s Bashai
Tudu.‖ Tulsa Studies in Women’s
Literature, vol. 15, no. 1, 1996, pp. 41- 50.
CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name. ―Article
Title.‖ Journal Title (volume no.), issue
no, (date published): page number.
Example:
Bent, Henry E. ―Professionalization of
the Ph. D. Degree.‖ College Composition
and Communication 58, no. 4 (2007): 0-
145. Accessed December 4, 2017.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/1978286.
NEWSPAPERS
APA (7TH
EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial.
(year, month published). Article
Title. Newspaper’s Name, volume
no., issue no.
Example:
Schultz, S. (2005, December). Calls
made to strengthen state energy
policies. The Country Today, 1A, 2A.
MLA
Last Name, First Name. ―Article
Title.‖ Newspaper’s Name, Date
published (dd/m/yyyy), pages.
Example:
Brubaker, Bill. ―New Health
Center Targets County‘s
Uninsured Patients.‖ Washington
Post, 24 May 2007, p. LZ01.
CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name. ―Article
Title.‖ Newspaper’s Name, date
published.
Example:
Deo, Nisha. ―Visiting Professor
Lectures on Photographer.‖
Exponent (West Lafayette, IN), Feb.
13, 2009
MAGAZINE

APA (7TH MLA CHICAGO

EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial.
(date published). Article Title.
Magazine’s Name, volume no.(issue
no.), pages.
Last Name, First Name. ―Article Last Name, First Name. ―Article
Title.‖ Magazine’s Title, Day Month Title.‖ Magazine Title, Month Year
Year, pages. published.

Example: Example: Example:

Peterzell, J. (1990, April). Better Buchman, Dana. ―A Special Macel, Emily. ―Beijing‘s Modern
late than never. Time, 135(17), 20- Education.‖ Good Housekeeping, 14 Movement.‖ Dance Magazine,
21. March, 20016, pp. 143-48. February 2009.
REVIEW
APA (7TH
EDITION)
Last Name, First Name Initial.
(year published). Article Title
[Review of the Title of the source,
by Author‘s Name]. Title of
Periodical, vol.no(issue no), pages.
Example:
Baumiester, R.F. (1993). Exposing
the self-knowledge myth [Review
of the book The self-knower: a hero
under control, by R.A. Wicklund &
M. Eckert]. Contemporary
Psychology, 38(5), 466-467.
MLA CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name. ―Article
Title.‖ Review of a Material. Title of
NO DATA FOUND
Periodical, Day Month Year, page.
Example:
Seitz, Matt Zoller. ―Life in the
Sprawling Suburbs, If You Can Rally
Call It Living.‖ Review of Radiant
City, directed by Gary Burns and
Jim Brown. New York Times, 30 May
2007, p. E1.
BASIC FORMAT FOR ELECTRONIC
SOURCES
APA (7TH MLA CHICAGO
EDITION)
Last Name, F. M. (Year, Month Author. ―Title.‖ Title of Last Name, First Name. ―Title
Date). Title of page. Site name. container (self-contained if book), of Webpage.‖ Name of
URL. Other contributors Website. Publishing
(translators or editors), organization, Publication or
Edition,Volume no., Publisher, revision date. Access date if no
Publication Date, other date available. URL.
pages/paragraphs and/or URL,
DOI). 2nd container’s title,
Other contributors, Edition,
Volume, Publisher, Date
Published, pages, Date of
access (if possible).
BLOGS
APA (7TH EDITION)
Last Name, F. M. (Year, Month
Date). Title of page. Site name.
URL.
Example:
Ford, X. (2019, August 11). A
century later: The Treaty of
Versailles and its rejection of racial
equality. Code Switch, NPR.
https://www.codeswitch.202.
MLA
Last Name, First Name. ―Post
Title.‖ Name of Site, version no.,
Name of institution/organization
affiliated to the site, URL. Date of
Access.
Example:
Salmar1515[Sal Hernandez]. ―Re:
Best Strategy: Fenced Pastures vs.
Max Number of rooms?‖
BoardGameGeek, 29 Sept. 2008,
https://badgamegeek.2010.blogspo
t. Accessed 5 Apr. 2009.
CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name, ―Article
title‖, Publisher (blog), Month, Date
Year, URL.
Example:
Lennon, Robert, ―How Do You
Revise?‖, Ward Six(blog),
September 16, 2010,
https://wardsix.blogspot.
VIDEOS OR YOUTUBE VIDEOS
APA (7TH EDITION) MLA CHICAGO

Last Name, F. M. [username]. (Year, Last Name, First Name. ―Video Last Name, First Name. Video Title.
Month Date). Title of Video[video]. Title.‖ Streaming Service, uploaded Additional contributors. Publishing
Streaming Service. URL by Publication Name, Date Month organization. Publication date.
Year, URL. Indication of format/medium,
running time. URL.

Example: Example: Example:

Lushi, K. [Korab Lushi]. (2016, July
3). Albatross culture 1 [Video].
YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch/v.
McGonigal, Jane. ―Gaming and
Productivity.‖ YouTube, uploaded
by Big Think, 3 July 2012,
www.youtube,com/watch?v.
Ortega, Alexandra. Grammar: Active
and Passive Voice. Purdue OWL.
February 1, 2019. Video, 4:22.
https://youtube.be/GEP-
81FTTKKg.
PODCAST
APA (7TH EDITION)
Last Name, F.M. (Host). (Year,
Month Date). Title of Episode (no.
if provided) [Audio podcast
episode]. In Name of Podcast.
Publisher. URL
Example:
Prime, K. (Host). (2019, March 29).
For whom the cowbell tolls
[Audio podcast episode] In
Radiolab. WNYC Studios.
https://www.wnycstudios.org/
MLA CHICAGO
Last Name, First Name of Creator.
NO DATA FOUND ―Title of Work.‖ Additional
contributors. Publishing
organization. Publication date.
Indication of format/medium,
running time. URL.
Example:
Cole, Sean and Ira Glass. ―622:
Who You Gonna Call?.‖ Produced
bu WBEZ. This American Life.
August 4, 2017. Podcat, MP3 audio,
1:00:27.
https://www.thisisamericanlife.org.
Thank you for Listening!