Rotational Motion

PHYSICS STUDY MATERIAL
MAGNETIC EFFECT OF CURRENT
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CIRCULAR MOTION & ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS
1. Angular Displacement
2. Angular Velocity
3. Relation Between Linear Velocity and Angular Velocity
4. Angular Acceleration
5. Relation Between angular Acceleration and linear Acceleration
6. Equation of Linear Motion and Rotational Motion
7. Centripetal Acceleration and Force
8. Types of Circular Motion
9. Banking of Track
10. Moment of Inertia (rotational inertia)
11. Torque
12. Forces Couple
13. Angular Momentum
14. Kinetic Energy of Rotation
15. Linear and Rolling Motion of A Body on Inclined Plane
16. Points to Remember
1. Students are advised to solve the questions of exercises (Levels # 1, 2, 3, 4) in the

same sequence or as directed by the faculty members.
2. Level #3 is not for foundation course students, it will be discussed in fresher and
target courses.
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1. ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT 2. ANGULAR VELOCITY

Introduction : Angle subtended by position vector
It is defined as the rate of change of angular
of a particle moving along any arbitrary path w.r.t.
displacement of a body or particle moving in
some fixed point is called angular displacement.
circular path.
(i) It is a vector quantity.
Q (ii) Its direction is same as that of angular
displacement i.e. perpendicular to plane of
P rotation.
 Note : If the particle is revolving in the clockwise
O direction then the direction of angular velocity
Fixed point is perpendicular to the plane downwards.
(a) Particle moving in an arbitrary path Whereas in case of anticlockwise direction the
direction will be upwards.
Q (iii) Its unit is Radian/sec
(iv) Its dimension is [M0L0T–1]
O  Types of Angular Velocity :

2.1 Average Angular Velocity :
P  Total angular displacement
 av =
Total time taken
(b) Particle moving in straight line
2.2 Instantaneous Angular velocity :
Q The instantaneous angular velocity is defined as the
angular velocity at some particular instant.
O  S
r Instantaneous angular velocity
P  d
   = lim =
t  0 t dt
(c) Particle moving in circular path
Note: Instantaneous angular velocity can also be
(i) Angular displacement is a vector quantity. called as simply angular velocity.
(ii) Its direction is perpendicular to plane of
rotation and given by right hand screw rule.
3. RELATION BETWEEN LINEAR VELOCITY
Note: Clockwise angular displacement is taken as
AND ANGULAR VELOCITY
negative and anticlockwise displacement as
positive. d d ds
arc linear displacement We have= =  
angle = = dt ds dt
radius radius
1
(iii) For circular motion S = r ×       . v
r
(iv) Its unit is radian (in M.K.S) ds arc
[ d = , angle =
Note : Always change degree into radian, if it occurs in dr radius
numerical problems.
ds
and v= = linear velocity]
360 o dt
Note : 1 radian =  radian = 180º
2   v = r
(v) It is a dimensionless quantity i.e. dimension   
In vector form, v   r
[M0L0T0]
Note : (iv) Dimension : M0L0T–2
(i) When a particle moves along a curved path, its
linear velocity at a point is along the tangent
drawn at that point 5. RELATION BETWEEN ANGULAR
(ii) When a particle moves along curved path, its ACCELERATION AND LINEAR
velocity has two components. One along the ACCELERATION
radius, which increases or decreases the radius
and another one perpendicular to the radius, Linear acceleration = Rate of change of linear
which makes the particle to revolve about the velocity
point of observation. dv
  a = ....(i)
 vsin  dt
(iii)= =
t r Angular acceleration = Rate of change of angular
velocity
4. ANGULAR ACCELERATION d
     = ....(ii)
The rate of change of angular velocity is defined as dt
angular acceleration. From (i) & (ii)
If  be change in angular velocity in time t, then a dv d(r)
= =
angular acceleration   d d
  d
 d =r [r is constant] = r
    lim = d
t  0 t dt
  a =r
(i) It is a vector quantity
  
(ii) Its direction is that of change in angular velocity In vector form a =  r
(iii) Unit : rad/sec2
6. EQUATION OF LINEAR MOTION AND ROTATIONAL MOTION
(i) With constant velocity a = 0, s = ut  = 0 ,  = t
(ii) With constant acceleration (i) Average velocity (i) Average angular velocity
vu 1   2
vav = av =
2 2
(ii) Average acceleration (ii) Average angular acceleration
vu  2  1
aav = aav =
t t
vu 1   2
(iii) s = vav t = t (iii)  = av. t = t
2 2
(iv) v = u + at (iv) 2 = 1 + t
1 2 1 2
(v) s = ut + at (v)  = 1t + t
2 2
1 2 1
(vi) s = vt – at (vi)  = 2t – t2
2 2
(vii) v2 = u2 + 2as (vi)  22 = 12 + 2
1 1
(viii) Sn = u + (2n–1)a (viii) n = 1 + (2n–1)
2 2
displacement in nth sec Angular displacement in nth sec
ds
(i) v = (i)  = d/dt
(iii) With variable acceleration dt
(ii)  ds =  v dt
(ii)  d =  dt
dv dv d d
(iii) a = =v (iii)  = =
dt ds dt d
(iv)  dv =  a dt (iv)  d =  dt
(v)  v dv =  a ds (v)  d =  d
This is the magnitude of centripetal

7. CENTRIPETAL ACCELERATION AND acceleration of particle
CENTRIPETAL FORCE (i) It is a vector quantity. In vector form
(i) A body or particle moving in a curved path   
ac =  v
always moves effectively in a circle at any
instant. 
(ii) The direction of a c would be the same as that
(ii) The velocity of the particle changes moving on

the curved path, this change in velocity is of  v
brought by a force known as centripetal force (iii) Because velocity vector at any point is
and the acceleration so produced in the body is tangential to the circular path at that point, the
known as centripetal acceleration. acceleration vector acts along radius of the
(iii) The direction of centripetal force or acceleration circle at that point and is directed towards the
is always towards the centre of circular path. centre. This is the reason that it is called
7.1 Expression for Centripetal Acceleration centripetal acceleration.

v2 7.2 Expression for Centripetal force
If v = velocity of particle, r = radius of path
P2(t + t) 
v
r    
v1 – v1 v2 
v
O 
 Fc 
 Fc Fc
v 
P1(t) Fc

v 
(a) Particle moving (b) Vector diagram v
in circular path of velocities Then necessary centripetal force
of radius r Fc = mass × acceleration
v v2 v2
 ac = v= = r2 Fc = m
r r r
This is the expression for centripetal force
Fc
A r
O Ft = 0
(iv) Total acceleration
v2
a = a 2c  a t 2 = ac = (towards the centre)
(i) It is a vector quantity r
(ii) In vector form Note:
 mv 2 mv 2  (i) Because Fc is always perpendicular to
Fc =– . r̂ = – 2 r
r r velocity or displacement, hence the work
   done by this force will always be zero.
= – m2r r̂ = –m2 r = – m ( v ×  )
(ii) Circular motion in horizontal plane is usually
negative sign indicates direction only
uniform circular motion.
  
| Fc | = m ( v ×  ) (iii) There is an important difference between the
(iii) For circular motion : projectile motion and circular motion.
 In projectile motion, both the magnitude and
| Fc | = m (v sin 90º) = mv the direction of acceleration (g) remain
Note : constant, while in circular motion the
1. Centripetal force is not a real force. It is only
magnitude remains constant but the direction
the requirement for circular motion.
2. It is not a new kind of force. Any of the forces continuously changes.
found in nature such as gravitational force, Hence equations of motion are not applicable
electric friction force, tension in string reaction for circular motion.
force may act as centripetal force. Remember that equations of motion remain
valid only when both the magnitude &
8. TYPE OF CIRCULAR MOTION direction of acceleration are constant.
8.1.1 Hint to solve numerical problem :
8.1 Uniform circular motion
8.2 Non Uniform Circular Motion : (i) Write down the required centripetal force
8.1 Uniform Circular Motion : (ii) Draw the free body diagram of each
If m = mass of body, component of system.
r = radius of circular orbit,
(iii) Resolve the forces acting on the rotating
v = magnitude of velocity
particle along radius and perpendicular to
ac = centripetal acceleration,
radius
at = tangential acceleration
(iv) Calculate net radial force acting towards
In uniform circular motion :
centre of circular path.
  
(i) | v1 | = | v2 | = | v3 | = constant (v) Make it equal to required centripetal force.
i.e. speed is constant

(vi) For remaining components see according to

v2 v1 question.
8.1.2 Motion In Horizontal Circle : Conical
pendulum
This is the best example of uniform circular
 motion
v3 A conical pendulum consists of a body attached to
 a string, such that it can revolve in a horizontal
(ii) As | v | is constant circle with uniform speed. The string traces out a
so tangential acceleration cone in the space.
at = 0 (i) The force acting on the bob are
(a) Tension T (b) weight mg
ac
at = 0
(iii) Tangential force Ft = 0
S ds
where v = and s = arc -
 dt
T length
T cos 
 (iv) Tangential force :
Tsin Ft = mat
r O P
(v) Centripetal force :
mg
(ii) The horizontal component T sin  of the tension mv 2
Fc = = m2r
T provides the centripetal force and the vertical r
component T cos  balances the weight of bob
(vi) Net force on the particle :
mv 2
  T sin  =   
r F = Fc + F t 
and T cos  = mg
2
From these equation    F = Fc2  Ft
v4 If  is the angle made by [Note angle between

T = mg 1  ....(i)
r 2g 2 Fc and Ft is 90º]F with Fc, then
v2 Ft
and tan  = ....(ii) tan  =
rg Fc
Also if h = height of conical pendulum
F 
OP r    = tan–1  t 
tan  = = ....(iii)
OS h  Fc 
From (ii) & (iii), Angle between F & Ft is (90º –)
2
v g
2 = 2
=
r h
The time period of revolution  F 
h cos  FC  FC
T = 2 = 2
g g F1
[where OS = l] (vii) Net acceleration towards the centre
= centripetal
8.2 Non-uniform Circular Motion : acceleration 
(i) In non-uniform circular motion : v2 F

   ac = = 2r = c
 r m
| v |  constant   constant
i.e. speed  constant
i.e. angular velocity  constant (viii) Net acceleration,
Fnet
(ii) If at any instant a = a c2  a 2t =
m
v = magnitude of velocity of particle The angle made by 'a' with ac,
r = radius of circular path
at F
 = angular velocity of particle, tan  = = t
ac Fc
then v = r
(iii) Tangential acceleration :
ac
dv 
at = ac 
dt
a1
Special Note :
(i) In both uniform & non-uniform circular motion v
O
Fc is perpendicular to velocity ; so work done
 T
by centripetal force will be zero in both the  P
cases. h 
mcos
(ii) In uniform circular motion Ft = 0, as at = 0, so A mgsin
work done will be zero by tangential force.
mv 2
But in non-uniform circular motion Ft  0, thus    T – mg cos  =

there will be work done by tangential force in
this case. v2
T = m [ g cos  + ]
Rate of work done by net force in non-uniform 
circular motion = Rate of work done by m 2
= [u – gl (2 – 3cos )]
tangential force 
 (b) Tangential force for the motion
dW    dx
 P= = Ft . v = Ft . Ft = mg sin 
dt dt
Motion in Vertical Circle : Motion of a body This force retards the motion
suspended by string : (ii) Results :
This is the best example of non-uniform circular B
motion.
C
When the body rises from the bottom to the height h
apart of its kinetic energy converts into potential u
A
energy
(a) Tension at the lowest point A :
Total mechanical energy remains conserved mvA2
TA = + mg
Total (P.E. + K.E.) at A = Total (P.E. + K.E.) at P 
(Here  = 0º)
1 1
  0+ mu2 = mgh + mv2
2 2 mu 2
TA = + mg

 v= u 2  2gh = u 2  2g(1  cos )
(b) Tension at point B :

v
O mv B 2
 TB = – mg

h P
u mu 2
A TB = – 5mg

[Where is length of the string]
(  = 180º)
Tension at a point P : (c) Tension at point C :
(i) At point P required centripetal force 2
mvC
mv 2 TC =
= 

mu 2
(a) Net force towards the centre : TC = – 2mg

T – mg cos , which provides required
(Here  = 90º)
centripetal force.
Thus we conclude that
TA > TC > TB
and also TA – TB = 6 mg
TA – TC = 3 mg 9. BANKING OF TRACKS
TC – TB = 3 mg When a vehicle moves round a curve on the road
with sufficient speed, there is a tendency of over
(iii) Cases :
turning for the vehicle. To avoid this the road is
(a) If u > 5g given a slope rising outwards. The phenomenon is
known as banking
In this case tension in the string will not be zero (i) Let there be vehicle on a road having slope .
at any of the point, which implies that the R = normal reaction of the ground
particle will continue the circular motion. Horizontal component Vertical component
(b) If u = 5g R sin  R cos 
 
In this case the tension at the top most point (B) It provides necessary It balances the weight
will be zero, which implies that the particle will centripetal force of the vehicle
just complete the circular motion. mv 2
(c) Critical Velocity : The minimum velocity at R sin  = R cos  = mg
r
which the circular motion is possible
v2
 tan  =
The critical velocity at A = 5g rg
This equation gives the angle of banking required.
The critical velocity at B = g Rcos
B
R
The critical velocity at C = 3g
Also TA = 6 mg, TB = 0, TC = 3 mg Rsin
(d) If 2g < u < 5g 

In this case particle will not follow circular O A
motion. Tension in string becomes zero mg
somewhere between points C & B whereas
velocity remain positive. Particle leaves circular
path and follow parabolic trajectory
v
B


D  C
A
(e) If u = 2g
In this case both velocity and tension in the
string becomes zero between A and C and
particle will oscillate along semi-circular path.
(f) If u < 2g
The velocity of particle remains zero between A
and C but tension will not be zero and the
particle will oscillate about the point A.
10.1Radius of Gyration - (K)
10. MOMENT OF INERTIA (ROTATIONAL
INERTIA) (a) The distance, from the axis of rotation
axis where, the entire mass of the body is supposed
to be concentrated and the value of moment of
axis
r1 inertia is same as that due to actual distribution
m1
of masses of body, is called radius of gyration.
r2 m2 (b) The radius of gyration of a body about
r m different axes is different
m3
r3 (c) If K be the radius of gyration, I = mK2 
I
axis of rotation axis of rotation   K=
m
(a) The virtue, by which a body revolving 2 2 2
about an axis opposes the change in rotational m1r1  m 2 r2    m n rn
 K =
motion, is known as moment of inertia. m1  m 2      m n
(b) The moment of inertia of a particle with (d) For a symmetrical body, the radius of
respect to an axis of rotation is equal to the gyration is equal to the root mean square of
product of mass of the particle and square of
distances of all the particles from the axis of
distance from the axis, hence  = mr2
rotation.
(c) The moment of inertia of a system about an or if, m1 = m2 = ----------- = mn
axis of rotation is equal to the sum of moment
of inertia of all the particles of the system about 2 2 2
the axis of rotation. r1  r2      rn
K= = rrms
n
2
  = m1r12 + m2r22 +------  =miri2 =  r dm (e) The value of radius of gyration depends
upon the axis of rotation and mass distribution
(d) It is a scalar quantity with respect to it
(e) Unit : In M.K.S = kg - m2, (f) Radius of gyration does not depend upon mass
of body.
In C.G.S = gm-cm2
10.2Theorems of moment of inertia
(f) Dimension : [M1L2T0]
(a) Theorem of perpendicular axis -
(g) Moment of inertia depends on the Y
following factors. Z
i½ Mass of body
ii½ Mass distribution of body or shape, size,
density of body. O
X Z X
iii½ On the position of axis of rotation.
Note & The more is the distribution of mass with Y
respect to axis of rotation the more will be
moment of inertia. According to this theorem the moment of inertia
of a lamina about an axis passing through its
(h) Moment of inertia does not depend on the
axis and perpendicular to its plane is equal to
following factors.
the sum of moment of inertia about the two
i) Angular velocity () mutually perpendicular axis in the plane of
ii) Angular Acceleration () lamina. The normal axis OZ must pass through
the point intersection of two mutually
iii) Torque () perpendicular axes OX and OY.
vi) Angular Momentum (J)
Izz' = Ixx'+ Iyy'
Note %& This theorem is used only for plane lamina. Let m1 and m2 be two masses distant r from
(b) Theorem of parallel axes :-

each other and r1 and r2 be the distances of their
X a centre of mass from m1 to m2 respectively.
d
1) r1 + r2 = r
O
2) m1r1 = m2 r2
CM
m 2r m1r
3) r1 = , r2 =
m1  m 2 m1  m 2
4) I = m1r12 + m2 r22
X a  mm 
5) I = r2  1 2  = r2
According to this theorem, the moment of  m1  m 2 
inertia of a body about any axis is equal to the
m1m 2
sum of moment of inertia about an axis passing where  = is known as
through its centre of gravity and parallel to m1  m 2
given axis and product of its mass and square of reduced mass
distance between the centre of gravity and the   < m1 and < m2
axis of rotation.
6) In Diatomic molecules like H2, HCl etc.
Ixx' = IC.G + Md2 moment of inertia about there center of
mass is derived from above formula.
(c) The moment of inertia of two point masses
about their centre of mass -
m1 CM m2
r1 r2
FORMULAE FOR THE MOMENT OF INERTIA OF REGULAR BODIES
Radius of
Shape of body Axis of Rotation Figure Moment of Inertia (I)
Gyration (K)
(1) Circular Ring 1) Passes through the

centre and
M:- Mass MR2 R
perpendicular to
R:- Radius the plane
2) About its
Diameter in its (1/2)MR2 R/ 2
own plane
3) About a
tangential axis
2MR2 2R
perpendicular to
its own plane.
4) About a tangential
3 3
axis in its own MR2 .R
2 2
plane
(2) Circular disc 1) Passing through

the centre and MR 2 R
M:- Mass
perpendicular to 2 2
R:- Radius the plane
R
2) About Diameter MR2/4
2
5 5
axis lying in its MR2 R
4 2
own plane.
axis 3 3
MR2 .R
Perpendicular to 2 2
its own plane
3) Hollow a) about its

MR2 R
Cylinder geometrical axis 
M = Mass b) about an axis
R = Radius passing through
 MR 2 M 2  R 2 2
its CM and    
L = Length CM  2 12 
 2 3
perpendicular to 
its length
c) about an axis
perpendicular to
its length and  MR 2 M 2  R 2 2
   
passing through  2 3 
  2 3

one end of the
cylinder
(4) Solid A) About its MR 2 R
geometrical Axis C 2
2
Cylinder B) About an axis
M:- Mass passing through
MR 2 M 2 R 2 2
R:- Radius its C.G. and + 
C 4 12 4 12
Perpendicular to 
L:- Length
its axis
C) About the
diameter of one
of the faces of the  R 2 2  R 2 2
M   
cylinder and  4 3  2 3
perpendicular to
the length
(5) Solid
Sphere A) About its axis OR
diameter, which is 2 2
M:- Mass MR 2 .R
passing through 5 5
R:- Radius centre.
7 7
B) About Tangential MR 2 .R
5 5
axis
(6) Thin
Spherical
Shell 1) Passing through 2 2
MR 2 .R
axis 3 3
or diameter
(Hollow Sphere)
M: Mass R: Radius 5 5
2) About Tangential MR 2 .R
Thickness negligible 3 3
axis
(7) Solid sphere

with cavity
About passing
Internal radius = r through 2 [R 5  r 5 ] 2 (R 5  r 5 )
M
centre OR about 5 [R 3  r 3 ] 5 (R 3  r 3 )
Outer
Radius = R diameter
Mass :- M
(8) Thin rod 1) Passing through
centre
ML2 L
[thickness is of mass and
12 2 3
negligible perpendicular to L
w.r.t. length] length
2) Passing through
its one
ML2 L
end and
3 3
perpendicular
to axis.
(9) Rectangular (a) about an axis
plate passing
through CM and a
Ma 2
a = Length perpendicular to CM b
12 2 3
b = width side a
M = Mass in its plane. a
b) about an axis
passing
b b
through CM and Mb 2
CM
perpendicular to 12 2 3
side b a
in its plane.
c) about an axis
passing
through CM and M(a 2  b 2 ) a 2  b2
CM b
12 12
SPECIAL POINT
(a) Moment of inertia of square plate Ma 2

I1 = I3 = I4 =
12
Ma 2 I5
I5 =
6 I1
a
CM
a
I3 I5 I4
(b) Momentum of inertia of cube Ma 2 I2 I1

I1 =
6
2Ma 2
I2 =
3
a
a
a
(c) In a triangle , M.I. will be If AC > B C > AB, IAB

maximum relative to smallest side IAC < IBC < IAB
A
B C
IAC
IBC
(d) In triangle , M.I. will be maximum If 1 < 2 < 3 I2

relative to that perpendicular axis I1 > I2 > I3
2
which passes through least angle.
3 1
I3 I1
(e) Greater the mass away from axis

of rotation , more will be MI
  - Angular acceleration with respect to axis
11. TORQUE of rotation
y - Torque of force which is causing the
rotational motion

F 
 dJ 
  (i) = , where J is angular momentum
r dt
O
x (j) The more is the value of r, the more will be
r sin torque and easier to rotate the body.
z i) The handle of screw driver is taken thick.

(a) The torque of force F about the point O is equal ii) In villages the handle of flour-mill is placed
to the product of force and perpendicular near the circumference.
distance of line of action of force from point. iii) The handle of hand pump is kept-long.
   = ¼Force½ x ¼Perpendicular distance of iv) The rinch used for opening the tap, is kept-
line of action of force from point O) long.
= Fr sin  = (Fsin ) r 2
= ¼The component of force perpendicular (k) Work done by torque = d 

1
to position vector) × (Position vector)
= Torque × angular displacement
 = Fr sin , r sin  is known as lever arm
(b) Unit : In M.K.S = N-m 12. FORCES COUPLE
In C.G.S = dyne-cm F
(c) Dimension : ML2T–2
  
(d) In vector form  = r ×F r

= r F sin  n̂ , where  is angle between r and

F and n̂ is unit vector perpendicular to the F


plane of r and F . (a) When two forces of equal magnitude act on
(e) Torque is a vector quantity, whose direction is different points and in opposite direction, these
perpendicular to the plane of force and position force form a couple.
vector and its direction is given by right hand (b) The effect of couple is known by its
screw rule. moment.
(f) If the torque rotates the body in anticlockwise (c) The moment of couple is equal to the product of
direction, the torque is positive and if the torque
magnitude of any force and perpendicular
rotates the body in clock-wire direction, the
distance between the force.
torque will be negative.
(g) If a body is acted upon by more than one force, Moment of couple = (F) (r)
the total torque is the vector sum of each torque. (d) The couple causes the rotational motion in the
     body.
 = 1 + +  2 +  2 +..........+  n
(e) Generally both couple and torque carry equal
(h) = I
meanings.
I - Moment of inertia with respect to axis of
When there is only one force applying on a
rotation. body the reaction force forms torque with it.
(f) The work done by couple on a body is equal to (f) Unit : J. second , kg m2/s, kg m2 rad/sec
work done by torque (g) Dimension : [M1L2T–1 ]
Work done by couple = work done by (h) If direction of rotation is anticlockwise, angular
torque momentum is taken positive and if direction of
rotation is clockwise, angular momentum is
=  d taken negative.
(g) If particle complete n rotations under the effect (i) The angular momentum of a system of particle's
of couple or torque, work done is equal to the vector sum of angular momentum
of each particle.
W = (2n)
   
(h) As on stretching a spring energy is stored in it, J = J1 + J 2 + J 3 + ..........
in the same way as on twisting a wire the work
done by torque is stored in the form of energy. (j) Relation between angular momentum and
angular velocity

1 J=I
W=  C d = 2 C2
0
I - Moment of inertia with respect to axis of
rotation
 = C  ¼Restoring torque½,
-Angular velocity due to angular momentum
(where C = twisting coefficient)
J-The moment of momentum which is causing
rotational motion.
13. ANGULAR MOMENTUM
(k) The rate of change of angular momentum is
(a) The moment of linear momentum of a body equal to the torque applied on the body.
with respect to any axis of rotation is known as 
angular momentum.  dJ
=
(b) It is a vector quantity, which is often dt
  (l) In rotational motion angular momentum has
represented by L or J equal importance as linear momentum in linear
   motion
(c) Angular momentum J = r × P
(m) If torque acting of a particle is zero then

mv 
 dJ
 =0 =0
r  dt
 Which implies that the angular momentum
rs
remains conserved when no external force acts

in
on the body

13.1 Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum

  (a) If no external torque is acting upon a body
= r x (m v )
rotating about an axis, then the angular
 
=m(r x v) momentum of the body remains constant that is,
 J = I = constant
or J = rp sin  n̂
(b) Proof %& We have read above that when a
= mvr sin  n̂
body rotates about an axis under the action of an
 
 is angle between r and v n̂ , is unit external torque , the rate of change of angular
  momentum of the body is equal to the torque;
vector perpendicular to the plane of r and v . that is,
(d) The direction of angular momentum is dJ
 
perpendicular to the plane of r and v and it is =
dt
given by right hand screw rule.
(e) J = mvr sin  dJ
If the external torque is zero (= 0), =0
Cases : dt
(I) If  = 0, J = 0 ¼Minimum½  J = constant
(II) If  = 90º, J = mvr ¼Maximum½ This is the law of conservation of angular
momentum.
= (mr2) : v = r.
Examples :- of inertia o the man decreases. Therefore, by
conservation of angular momentum, the angular
velocity increases. [fig. (3)]
In the same way, the ice skater and the ballet
dancer increase or decrease the angular velocity
of spin about a vertical axis by pulling or
extending out their limbs.
14. KINETIC ENERGY OF ROTATION
(a) The energy due to rotational motion of a body is

known as rotational kinetic energy.
(b) If I be moment and inertia of body about axis of

rotation and  be its angular velocity, then
kinetic energy of rotation.
1 1
Er = I 2 or Er = MK2 2
2 2
 
(i) Suppose a ball is tied at one end of a cord 1 J2 1 J.J
whose other end passes through a vertical = =
2 I 2 I
hollow tube. The tube is held in one hand and
the cord in the other. The ball is set into rotation (c) If  is constant, Er  I
in a horizontal circle. If the cord is pulled
down, shortening the radius of the circular path (d) If I is constant, Er 2
of the ball, the ball rotates faster than before.
The reason is that by shortening the radius of 1
(e) If Jis constant, Er 
the circle, the moment of inertia of the ball I
about the axis of rotation decreases. Hence, by
(f) Work energy theorem :-
the law of conservation of angular momentum,
the angular velocity of the ball about the axis of The work done by torque = change in
rotation increases. [fig. (1)] kinetic energy of rotation
ii) When a diver jumps into water from a height, he
    
does not keep his body straight but pulls in his dE r d J   J 
(g) Power of rotation P = =  =   . 
dt  dt   I 
arms and legs towards the centre of his body.    
On doing so, the moment of inertia I of his body (h) If a body performs rotational kinetic motion as
well as linear motion, then the total energy of
deceases. But since the angular momentum I 
body is equal to the sum of kinetic energy of
remains constant, his angular velocity rotational motion and kinetic energy of linear
correspondingly increases. Hence during motion.
jumping he can rotate his body in the air. [fig.  Total K.E = Er + Et
(2)] 1 1
= I2 + Mv2
iii) In a man with his arms outstretched and holding 2 2
heavy dumb bells in each hand, is standing at (i) If rotation is taking place without skidding
the centre of a rotating table. When the man then v = r, a = r 
pulls in his arms, the speed of rotation of the (j) Unit : same as that of energy
table increases. The reason is that on pulling in
(k) Dimension : M1L2T–2
the arms, the distance R of the dumbbells from
the axis of rotation decreases and so the moment
15. LINEAR AND ROLLING MOTION OF A BODY ON INCLINED PLANE
Linear Motion of Body on Inclined Plane – Rolling Motion of a Body on Inclined Plane-
A A
v v
s s
h h
 B  B
Let the length of inclined plane is s and its inclination Let the length of inclined plane is s and its
from horizontal be  inclination from horizontal be 
(a) Linear acceleration of body alinear= g sin  (a) Decrease in potential energy = Increase in kinetic
1 1
energy mgh = I 2 + mv2
2 2
(b) Angular acceleration = Zero (b) Because the motion of body is without sliding so v =
R and a = R 
(c) The velocity acquired by body on reaching lowest (c) Velocity on reaching lowest point is where,
point B is vlinear = 2gh 2gh

=
1 K2 / R 2
K is radius of gyration and R is the radius of
body
(d) Linear acceleration on reaching the lowest point

(d) Angular velocity = Zero
g sin 
a=
1 K2 / R2
(e) Time taken to reach the lowest point of
(e) Time taken by body to reach lowest point B
2s(1  K 2 / R 2 )
2s 2s the plane is t =
is tlinear = = g sin 
a linear g sin 
a
(f) Angular acceleration  = ,
(f) The loss in potential energy on reaching the point R
B = Increase in Kinetic energy v
angular velocity =
R
1
= mgh = mv2
2
11. Minimum velocity that should be imparted to a
POINTS TO REMEMBER
pendulum to complete the vertical circle is
1. Centripetal force does not increase the kinetic (5g) , where l is the length of the pendulum.
energy of the particle moving in circular path,
hence the work done by the force is zero. 12. While describing a vertical circle when the
stone is in its lowest position, the tension in the
2. Centrifuges are the apparatuses used to separate string is six times the weight of the stone.
small and big particles from a liquid.
13. The total energy of the stone while revolving in
3. The physical quantities which remain constant vertical circle is (5/2) mgl.
for a particle moving in circular path are speed, 14. When the stone is in horizontal position then the
kinetic energy and angular momentum. tension in the string is 3mg and the velocity of
4. If a body is moving on a curved road with speed the stone is (3g) .
greater than the speed limit, the reaction at the
15. If the velocity of the stone at the highest point is
inner wheel disappears and it will leave the X mg, then the tension at the lowest point will
ground first. be (X + 6)mg.
5. On unbanked curved roads the minimum radius 16. If a body of mass m is tied to a string of length l
of curvature of the curve for safe driving is r = and is projected with a horizontal velocity u
v2/g, where v is the speed of the vehicle and  such that it does not complete the motion in the
is small. vertical circle, then
(a) the height at which the velocity vanishes is
6. If r is the radius of curvature of the speed
breaker, then the maximum speed with which u2
h=
the vehicle can run on it without leaving contact 2g
with the ground is v = (gr) (b) the height at which the tension vanishes is
u 2  g
7. While taking a turn on the level road sometimes h=
3g
vehicles overturn due to centrifugal force.
17. K.E. of a body moving in horizontal circle is
8. If h is the height of centre of gravity above the same throughout the path but the K.E. of the
road, a is half the wheel base then for road body moving in vertical circle is different at
mv 2 different places.
safety .h < mg . a,  Minimum safe speed
r 18. A rigid body is said to be in general motion, if it
for no overturning is v = (gar / h ) . has both the translational and rotational
motions.
9. On a rotating platform, to avoid the skidding of 19. Moment of force about the axis of rotation is
an object placed at a distance r from axis of called torque.
rotation, the maximum angular velocity of the
20. Torque = Force x perpendicular distance of
platform,  = (g / r) , where  is the point of application of force from the axis of
coefficient of friction between the object and rotation.
the platform.   
 = r. F or  = r × F or  = rF sin 
10. If an inclined plane ends into a circular loop of
 
radius r, then the height from which a where  is the angle between r and F .
body should slide from the inclined plane in 21. Torque may be clockwise or anticlockwise.
order to complete the motion in circular track is Anticlockwise torque is taken as positive.
h = 5r/2.
22. Power of Torque P = ×  where  24. Theorem of perpendicular axes %& This
d theorem states that the moment of inertia of the
 =
dt
body about an axis perpendicular to the plane
23. Theorem of parallel axis %& This theorem of the body and passing through the point of
states that the moment of inertia of a body about intersection of two mutually perpendicular axes
an axis parallel to the axis passing through C.G. (lying in the plane of body) is equal to the sum
is equal to the sum of its moment of inertia of its moment of Inertias about those axes i.e.
about C.G. and Ma2, where M is the total mass Iz = Ix + Iy] where Ix = MI about X axis ]
of the body and 'a' is the perpendicular distance
Iy = MI about Y axis
between two parallel axes. Thus
1
I = ICM + Ma2 ] 25. Kinetic energy of rotation %& Krot = I2
2
Where, 26. Total energy of a rolling body %&
ICM = Moment of inertia of the body about
1 1
centre of mass, K = Ktrans + Krot = mv2 + I2
2 2
M = Total mass of the body,
27. Acceleration of a body rolling down an
a = perpendicular distance between two parallel
 1 
axes. inclined plane. %& a = g sin  1  
 mR 2 
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex.1 The magnitude of the linear acceleration, the 2 2
   
particle moving in a circle of radius of 10 cm Change in velocity v =     
with uniform speed completing the circle in 4 s,  30   30 
will be - 
= 2 cm/s
30
(A) 5 cm/s2 (B) 2.5 cm/s2
Hence correct answer is (B)
(C) 52 cm/s2 (D) 2.52 cm/s2 Ex.4 An electron is moving in a circular orbit of
Sol.(D) The distance covered in completing the circle is
radius 5.3 × 10–11 metre around the atomic
2r = 2 × 10 cm
nucleus at a rate of 6.6 × 1015 revolutions per
The linear speed is second. The acceleration of the electron and
2r 2 10 centripetal force acting on it will be - (The mass
v= = = 5 cm/s
t 4 of the electron is 9.1 × 10–kg)
The linear acceleration is, (A) 8.3 × 10–8N (B) 3.8 × 10–8N
v 2
(5 ) 2
(C) 4.15 × 10–8N (D) 2.07 × 10–8N
a= = = 2.5 2 cm/s2 Sol.(A) Let the radius of the orbit be r and the number
r 10
of revolutions per second be n. Then the
This acceleration is directed towards the centre
velocity of electron is given by
of the circle v = 2nr, 
Hence correct answer is (D)
v 2 4 2 r 2 n 2
  Acceleration a = =
r r
Ex.2 A cane filled with water is revolved in a
= 4 2 r n2
vertical circle of radius 4 m and water just does
Substituting the given values, we have
not fall down. The time period of
a = 4 × (3.14)2 × (5.3 × 10–11) (6.6 × 1015)2
revolution will be -
= 9.1 × 1022 m/s2 towards the nucleus.
(A) 1 s (B) 10 s (C) 8 s (D) 4 s The centripetal force is
FC = ma = (9.1 × 10–31) (9.1 × 1022)
Sol.(D) We know that
= 8.3 × 10–8 N towards the nucleus.
Circumference 2r
Time period = = Hence correct answer is (A)
Critical speed gr Ex.5 An air craft executes a horizontal loop of radius
2  22  4 1 km with a steady speed of 900 km/h. The ratio
= = 4 sec of centripetal acceleration to that gravitational
7  10  4 acceleration will be-
Hence correct answer is (D) (A) 1 : 6.38 (B) 6. 38 : 1
(C) 2.25 : 9.8 (D) 2.5 : 9.8
Sol.(B) Given that radius of horizontal loop
Ex.3 The length of second's hand in a watch is 1 cm.
r = 1 km = 1000 m
The change in velocity of its tip in 15 seconds 9000 5
is - Speed v = 900 km/h =
18
 = 250 m/s
(A) 0 (B) cm/s
30 2 Centripetal acceleration
v 2 250 250
  2 ac= = = 62.5 m/s2
(C) cm/s (D) cm/s r 1000
30 30
Centripetal acceleration a
Circumference 2r  = c
Sol.(B) Velocity = = Gravitational acceleration g
Time of revolution 60
62.5
2  1  = = 6.38 : 1
= = cm/s 9. 8
60 30 Hence correct answer is (B)
Ex.6 A car driver is negotiating a curve of radius 100  vmax = 10 m/sec
m with a speed of 18 km/hr. The angle through Hence correct answer is (C)
which he has to lean from the vertical will be -
1 1
(A) tan–1 (B) tan–1 Ex.9 The maximum speed at which a car can turn
4 40 round a curve of 30 metre radius on a level road
1  1  if the coefficient of friction between the tyres
(C) tan–1   (D) tan–1  
2  20  and the road is 0.4, will be -
Sol.(B) We know that, (A) 10.84 m/s (B) 17.84 m/s
5
2 (C) 11.76 m/s (D) 9.02 m/s

2 18   Sol.(A) Let W = Mg be the weight of the car. Friction
v 18 
tan  = =  force = 0.4 W
rg 100 10
1 1 Mv 2 W v 2
=   = tan–1 Centripetal force =
r
=
gr
40 40
Hence correct answer is (B) Wv 2
0.4 W = 
gr
Ex.7 Write an expression for the position vector r for
a particle describing uniform circular motion,   v2 = 0.4 × g × r = 0.4 × 9.8 × 30 = 117.6
using rectangular co-ordinates and the unit   v = 10.84 m/sec
vectors i and j. The vector expressions for the Hence correct answer is (A)
velocity v and acceleration a will be-
(A) r2 (B) –2r/2 Ex.10 The angular speed with which the earth would
have to rotate on it axis so that a person on the
(C) –r2 (D) –2r
equator would weight (3/5)th as much as
Sol.(D) r = î x + ˆj y, x = r cos ,
present will be: (Take the equatorial radius as
y = r sin  where  = t 6400 km)
r = î ( r cos t) + ˆj (r sin t) (A) 8.7 × 104 rad/sec (B) 8.7 × 103 rad/sec
v = dr/dt = – î (r sin t) – ˆj ( r cos t) (C) 7.8 × 104 rad/sec (D) 7.8 × 103 rad/sec
a = d2 r/dt2 = –2 r Sol.(C) Let v be the speed of earth's rotation.
Hence correct answer is (D) We know that W = mg
3 mv 2
Hence W = mg –
Ex.8 The vertical section of a road over a canal 5 r
bridge in the direction of its length is in the
form of circle of radius 8.9 metre. Find the 3 mv 2
or mg = mg –
greatest speed at which the car can cross this 5 r
bridge without losing contact with the road at its 2 mv 2 2g r
highest point, the center of gravity of the car  mg = or v2 =
3 r 5
being at a height h = 1.1 metre from the ground.
2  9.8  (6400 103 )
(Take g = 10 m/sec2) Now v2 =
5
(A) 5 m/s (B) 7 m/s
(C) 10 m/s (D) 13 m/s Solving, we get v = 5 × 109 m/sec, 
Sol.(C) Let R be the normal reaction exerted by the road
 2g 
on the car. At the highest point, we have   =   = 7.8 × 104 radian/sec.
 5r 
mv 2
= mg – R, R should not be negative. Hence correct answer is (C)
(r  h )
Therefore v2  (r + a)g = (8.9 + 1.1) × 10
or v2  10 × 10v  10 m/sec
Ex.11 A man whirls a stone round his head on the end Ex.12 A smooth table is placed horizontally and a
of a string 4.0 metre long. Can the string be in a spring of unstreched length l0 and force
horizontal, plane? If the stone has a mass of
0.4 kg and the string will break, if the tension in constant k has one end fixed to its centre. To the
it exceeds 8 N. The smallest angle the string can other end of the spring is attached a mass m
make with the horizontal and the speed of the which is making n revolutions per second
stone will respectively be (Take g = 10 m/sec2) around the centre. Tension in the spring will be
(A) 30º, 7.7 m/s (B) 60º, 7.7 m/s
(C) 45º, 8.2 m/s (D) 60º, 8.7 m/s (A) 42 m k l0 n2/ (k – 42 m n2)
Sol.(A) (B) 42 m k l0 n2/ (k + 42 m n2)
O
(C) 22 m k l0 n2/ (k – 42 m n2)

 (D) 2 m k l0 n2/ (k – 42 m n2)
T cos 
T T Sol.(A) Let T be the tension produced in the stretched
 string. The centripetal force required for the
A T sin  mass m to move in a circle is provided by the
tension T. The stretched length of the spring is r
mg mg (radius of the circle). Now,
From figure Elongation produced in the spring = (r – l0)
T cos  = mg ....(1)
Tension produced in the spring,
mv 2 mv 2
T sin  = = .... (2) T = k (r – l0) ....(1)
r  sin
Where k is the force constant
mg
From eq. (1) T = Linear velocity of the motion v = 2r n
cos 
When the string is horizontal,  must be 90º i.e., mv 2 m(2rn) 2
cos 90º = 0  Centripetal force = =
r r
mg
 T= =  = 42 r n2 m ....(2)
0
Thus the tension must be infinite which is Equating equation. (1) and (2), we get
impossible, so the string can not be in horizontal k (r – l0) = 42 r n2 m
plane.
The maximum angle  is given by the ( T = mv2/r)
breaking tension of the string in the equation
T cos  = m.g  kr – k l0 = 4 2 r n2 m
Here T (Maximum) = 8 N and m = 0.4 kg
r (k – 42 n2 m) = k l0
 8 cos  = 0.4 × g = 0.4 × 10 = 4
1 k 0
cos  = (4/8) = , = 60º  r= .... (3)
2 ( k  4 2 n 2 m )
The angle with horizontal = 90º – 60º = 30º
Substituting the value of r in eqn. (1) we have
0. 4  v 2
From equation (2), 8 sin 60º =  k 0 
4 sin 60 o T=k   0 
2 2
 (k  4 n m) 
32 sin 2 60º
v2 = = 80 sin2 60º 
0.4 4 2 n 2 m 0 k
or T = .... (4)
  v = 80 sin 60º = 7.7 m/sec ( k  4 2 n 2 m )
Hence correct answer is (A) Hence correct answer is (A)
Ex.13 A motor car is travelling at 30 m/s on a circular Now to complete the circular path, it is
road of radius 500 m. It is increasing its speed at necessary that the centrifugal force acting
the rate of 2 m/s2. Its net acceleration is (in upward at point D, should be equal or greater
m/s2) – than the force mg acting downward at point D
(A) 2 (B) 1. 8 (C) 2.7 (D) 0 should be equal or greater than the force mg
Sol.(C) Two types of acceleration are experienced by acting downward. Therefore
the car mv 2D
(i) Radial acceleration due to circular path,  mg or v 2D  r g
r
v2 (30) 2 From equation (2) v 2D = 2g (h – 2r),
ar = = = 1.8 m/s2 
r 500
5
(ii) A tangential acceleration due to increase of   2g (h – 2r)  r g  h r
2
tangential speed given by
Hence correct answer is (A)
at = v/t = 2 m/s2
Radial and tangential acceleration are Ex.15 An aircraft loops the loop of radius R = 500 m
perpendicular to each other. with a constant velocity v = 360 km/hour. The
Net acceleration of car a
weight of the flyer of mass m = 70 kg in the
= a 2r  a 2t = (1.8) 2  (2) 2 = 2.7 m/s2 lower, upper and middle points of the loop will
Hence correct answer is (C) respectively be-
(A) 210 N, 700 N, 1400 N
Ex.14 In figure ABCDE is a channel in the vertical (B) 1400 N, 700 N, 2100 N
plane, part BCDE being circular with radius r. (C) 700 N, 1400 N, 210 N,
A ball is released from A and slides without
(D) 2100 N, 700 N, 1400 N
friction and without rolling. It will complete the
Sol.(D) See fig, Here v = 360 km/hr = 100 m/sec
loop path -
(A) if h is greater than 5r/2
N
(B) if h is less than 5r/2
mg
(C) if h is greater than 2r/5 N
(D) if h is less than 2r/5
Sol.(A) N
A
D
E mg
r
h C
r mv 2
r At lower point, N – mg = ,
R
B
Let m be the mass of the ball. When the ball mv 2
N = weight of the flyer = mg +
comes down to B, its potential energy mgh R
which is converted into kinetic energy. Let vB, 70 (10000)
N = 70 × 10 + = 2100 N
be the velocity of the ball at B. Then, 500
1 mv 2
mgh = m vB2 At upper point, N + mg = ,
2 R
The ball now rises to a point D, where its mv 2
N= – mg = 1400 – 700 = 700 N
potential energy is mg(h – 2r). If vD be the R
velocity of the ball at D, then, mv 2
At middle point, N = = 1400 N
1 R
m g (h – 2 r) = m v 2D ....(2) Hence correct answer is (D)
2
Ex.16 A particle of mass 3 kg is moving under the 1
=0+ (1.5rad/sec2)(20sec)2=300 radian
action of a central force whose potential energy 2
is given by U(r) = 10 r 3 joule. For what energy Radius of the wheel, r = 0.4 meter. Therefore,
and angular momentum will the orbit be a circle the linear displacement of the wheel is -
of radius 10 m- s = r
(A) 2.5 × 104 J, 3000 kgm2/sec = 0.4 meter × 300 rad = 120 meter
This is the distance covered by the wheel.
(B) 3.5 × 104 J, 2000 kgm2/sec
Angular velocity of the wheel after t sec is
(C) 2.5 × 103 J, 300 kgm2/sec
 = 0 + t
(D) 3.5 × 103 J, 300 kgm2/sec
= 0 + (1.5 rad/sec2) (20 sec) = 30 rad/sec
Sol.(A) Given that U(r) = 10r3 Therefore, the linear velocity of the wheel is
So the force F acting on the particle is given by, v = r = 0.4 meter × 30 rad/sec = 12 meter/sec
U 
F=– =– (10 r3)
r r Ex.18 A wheel of mass 6 kg is rotating at 300 rpm. Its
= –10 × 3 r2 = –30 r2 angular velocity will be
For circular motion of the particle, (A) 31.4 rad/sec (B) 3.14 rad/sec
mv 2 (C) 0.314 rad/sec (D) 0.03 rad/sec
F= = 30 r2
r 2n 2  3.14  300
Sol.(A) Here,  = =
Substituting the given values, we have, t 60
3  v2 = 31.4 rad/sec
= 30 × (10)2 or v = 100 m/s
10
The total energy in circular motion Ex.19 The shaft of an electric motor starts from rest
1 and on the application of a torque, it gains an
E = K.E. + P.E. = mv2 + U(r)
2 angular acceleration given by  = 3t – t2 ,
1 during the first 2 seconds after it starts after
= × 3 × (100)2 + 10 + (10)3
2 which  = 0. The angular velocity after 6
= 2.5 × 104 joule seconds will be-
Angular momentum (A) 10/3 rad/sec (B) 20/3 rad/sec
(C) 5/3 rad/sec (D) 1/3 rad/sec
= mvr = 3 × 100 × 10 = 3000 kg–m2/sec
d
Also time period T =
2r 2   10 
= = sec Sol.(A) Given,   = 3t – t2  = 3t – t2 or 
v 100 5 dt
Hence correct answer is (A)   d = (3t – t2) dt   d =  (3t – t2) dt
Ex.17 The radius of a wheel of a car is 0.4 meter. The  3t 2 t 3 
   =    +C
car is accelerated from rest by an angular  2 3 
acceleration of 1.5 rad/sec2 for 20 seconds. [ t = 0,  = 0  c = 0] 
Distance covered by wheel and linear velocity
3t 2 t3
will respectively be -   = – Putting t = 2
2 3
(A) 120 m,12 m/s (B) 12 m,12 m/s
(C) 1.2 m,12 m/s (D) 120 m,1.2 m/s 8 10
=6– = rad/sec
Sol.(A) Initially the wheel is at rest (0 = 0). The 3 3
angular displacement of the wheel in t sec is Since there is no angular acceleration after
1 2 sec the angular velocity after 6 sec remains
 = 0 t + t2 the same i.e. 10/3 rad/sec.
2
Ex.20 A wheel 'A' has a radius 20 cm coupled by belt Sol.(A)
to wheel B of radius 30 cm as shown in fig.

Wheel A increases its angular speed from rest at R

a uniform rate of 3.14 rad/sec2. The time for T
wheel B to reach a rotational speed of 
100 rev/min assuming that belt does not slip, 
F
will be-
As the axis of the turn table is vertical its
angular velocity T is directed vertical. The
A B axis of flywheel is horizontal therefore its
angular velocity F is directed horizontal,
(A) 5 sec (B) 10 sec hence the resultant angular velocity is
(C) 2.5 sec (D) 20 sec   
Sol.(A) As the belt does not slip, velocity of  R =  F + T
A = velocity B
R =  2F  2T = 40 2  20 2
i.e. vA = vB or rAA = rBB
Given, rA = 20 cm, rB = 30 cm = 2000 = 20 5 rad/sec.

and B = 2 × 100/60 rad/sec  R lies in a plane which makes an angle 
So, 20 A = 30 × 2 × 100/60 with the horizontal
= 100    1
plane, given by  = tan–1  T  = tan–1  
or A = 5 rad/sec 
 F  2
We know that,  = 0 + t or
 Ex.22 A mass of 2 kg is rotating on a circular path of
t= (as 0 = 0 )
 radius 0.8 m with angular velocity of 44 rad/s. If
5 the radius of the path becomes 1.0 m, what will
 t = = 5 sec
3.14 be the value of angular velocity ?
(A) 2.816 rad/sec (B) 3.832 rad/sec
Ex.21 A turn table is rotating in a horizontal plane (C) 5.899 rad/sec (D) 28.16 rad/sec
about the vertical axis passing through its centre Sol.(D) Let I1 and be the initial moment of inertia
with an angular velocity 20 rad/sec. It carries
and angular velocity of the mass about the axis
upon it a flywheel rotating with an angular
velocity 40 rad/sec about a horizontal axle of rotation and I2 and  the corresponding
mounted in bearings. Find the angular velocity quantities after the radius of the path is changed.
of the wheel as seen by an observer in the By conservation of angular momentum, we
room- have
(A) 20 5 rad/sec at an angle tan-1 (1/2) to the I11 = I22
horizontal Here I1 = 2 × (0.8)2 = 1.28 kg-m2 ,
(B) 10 5 rad/sec at an angle tan-1 (1/3) to the
 = 44 rad/s] I2=2 × (1.0)2 = 2 kg-m2,2= ?
horizontal
(C) 5 5 rad/sec at an angle tan-1 (1/2) to the  1.28 × 44 = 2 × 
horizontal 1.28  44
 or  2 = = 28.16 rad/s
(D) 20 5 rad/sec at an angle tan-1 (1/6) to the 2
horizontal
Ex.23 A weightless horizontal rod is free to rotate through the centre of one of the sphere and
about an axis OO'. Two masses, each of 1 kg, perpendicular to the rod-
are placed at A and A' such that O'A = O'A' 21 2
(A) MR2 (B) MR2
= 0.20 meter. Now a torque of 2.0 Newton - 5 5
meter is applied on the system which rotates 5 5
(C) MR2 (D) MR2
about OO'. If the masses are displaced to B and 2 21
B' such that O'B = O'B' = 0.50 meter, then 2 R
2
2 R
2
decrement in angular acceleration will be - Sol.(A) I = M   + M (2R)2 + M  

5 2 5 2
(A) 21 rad/sec2 (B) 42 rad/sec2 21
= MR2
(C) 12 rad/sec2 (D) 24 rad/sec2 5
Sol.(A) In the first case, the moment of inertia of each Ex.25 Two circular discs A and B of equal masses and
mass about OO' thickness but made of metals with densities dA
= mass × (distance from O')2 and dB (dA > dB). If their moments of inertia
= 1 kg × (0.20 m)2 = 0.04 kg-m2 about an axis passing through the centre and
Moment of inertia of the whole system about normal to the circular faces be IA and IB, then-
OO' (A) IA = IB (B) IA > IB
O (C) IA < IB (D) IA  IB
1kg 1kg m A rA2
Sol.(C) IA = and
2
O 0.2m
m B rB2
IB = , 
2
O IA r2
  = A2
1kg 1kg IB rB
( mA = mB) ....(1)
O 0.5m
Now, mA =  rA2 t dA
(rod is weightless) is mB =  rB2 t dB
I = 2 × 0.04 = 0.08 kg-m2 So,  rA2 tdA   rB2 t dB
Let  be the angular acceleration
rA2 dB
Then the torque is, = I or = .... (2)
rB2 dA
 2.0 N  m
   rad/sec2 From equations (1) and (2)
I 0.08kg  m 2
IA d
In the second case, the moment of inertia of = B  As dA > dB hence IA < IB
IB dA
each mass about OO'
= 1 kg × (0.50 m)2 = 0.25 kg-m2 Ex.26 The moment of inertia of HCl molecule about
 Moment of inertia of the whole system is an axis passing through its centre of mass and
perpendicular to the bond will be -
I = 2 × 0.25 = 0.50 kg-m 2
(Given, internuclear distance = 1.3 Å, atomic
 2.0 weight of chlorine = 35 and mass of
Angular acceleration = =
I 0.50
proton = 1.7 × 10–27 kg)
= 4.0 rad/sec2 = 25 – 4 = 21 rad/sec2 (A) 2.79 × 10–47 kg-m2
Ex.24 Two spheres each of mass M and radius (B) 27.9 × 10–47 kg-m2
R/2 are connected with a massless rod of length (C) 27.9 × 10–50 kg-m2
2 R as shown in fig. What will be the moment (D) 2.79 × 10–50 kg-m2
of inertia of the system about an axis passing
Sol.(A) Moment of inertia about centre of mass, I = r2 The moment of inertia of the arrangement about
m H .m Cl yy' axis will be -
 = reduced mass =
m H  m Cl 7 2
(A) PQ2 (B) PQ2
1.7  10 27
 35  1.7 10 27 2 7
=  27
1.7  10  35 1.7 10  27 2 5
(C) PQ2 (D) PQ2
5 2
= 1.65 × 10–27 kg
 I = (1.65 × 10–27) (1.3 × 10–10)2 Sol.(A)
y
= 2.79 × 10–47 kg-m2
Ex.27 A mass m hangs from the rim of a wheel of

radius r when released from rest, the mass falls 2
through a height h in t seconds. The moment of
inertia of the wheel will be- 3
r 2  2
m ( g  2h ) mr (g  2h )t
(A)   (B)
2h  t2  2h
 
y
2 2 2 2
m(gt  2h )r m(gt  2h )t M.I. of ring '1' about yy' = M.I. of ring about
(C) (D)
2h 2hr 2 the tangent parallel to its plane
2h a 2h
Sol.(C) h = 1/2 at2 or a =  = = 2   I1= (3/2) MR2
t2 r rt
Now mg – T = ma  Similarly, M.I. of ring '2' about yy', I2 = (3/2) MR2
  T = m (g – a)
M.I. of ring '3' about yy' = M.I. of ring about its
 = I or Tr = I or m(g – a) . r = I
diameter 
 2h 
m g  2 r
m (g  a ) r t  MR 2
 I= =    I3 =
 2h / rt 2 2
 2h  r 2 t 2 Now M.I. about yy' is I = I1 + I2 + I3
= mg  2 
 t  2h
= (7/2) MR2 = (7/2) PQ2
Ex.28 The M.I. of rod of length 1.5 m and mass

0.1 kg about the axis passing through centre and Ex.30 Select the correct alternative(s). The moment of
perpendicular to the length of rod is I1 and that inertia I of a thin square plate ABCD (figure) of
through one end perpendicular to rod is I2. Now uniform thickness about an axis passing through
I1 × I2 will be (in kg2 m4) the centre O and perpendicular to the plane of
(A) .15 (B) 0.25 the plate is -

(C) .75 (D) .35 (A) I1 + I2 (B) I3 + I4
2 2
M 0.1 (1.5) (C) I1 + I3 (D) I1 + I2 + I3 + I4
Sol.(A) I1 = = = 0.01875 kg.m2
12 12
(where I1, I2 , I3 and I4 are respectively the
M 2 0.1 (1.5) 2
I2 = = = 0.075 kg.m2 moments of inertia about axes 1, 2, 3 and 4
3 3
which are in the plane of the plate.)
Now, I1 × I2 = 1.4 × 10–3 kg2.m4
Sol.(A, B, C )
Ex.29 Three rings, each of mass P and radius Q are
arranged as shown in fig.
4 Ex.33 A cylinder of mass M and radius r is mounted
1 on a frictionless axle over a well. A rope of
A B negligible mass is wrapped around the cylinder
and a bucket of mass m is suspended from the
O 3 rope. The linear acceleration of the bucket will

be-
D C mg mg
(A) (B)
Mm M  2m
2
By the theorem of perpendicular axes, 2mg M
(C) (D)
I = I1 + I2 = I3 + I4 M  2m mg
By symmetry : I1 = I2 and I3 = I4 Sol.(C)
 I = 2I1 = 2I3 M
or I1 = I3 .

Thus I1 = I2 = I 3 = I 4 . T
h
 I = I1 + I2 = I1 + I3 = I3 + I4
bucket m v
 
Ex.31 Given that, r = 2 î + 3 ˆj and F = 2 î + 6 k̂ . mg – T = ma
The magnitude of torque will be - T = m(g – a) .... (1)
(A) 405 N.m (B) 410 N.m =I=rT  (1/2) Mr2. a/r = rT 
(C) 504 N.m (D) 510 N.m   T = 1/2 Ma .... (2)
   From (1) and (2),
Sol.(C) We know that,  = r × F
(1/2) Ma = m (g – a)

  = (2 î + 3 ˆj ) × (2 î + 6 k̂ ) M  2m
 a = mg, 
= 12 (– ˆj ) + 6 (– k̂ ) + 18 î 2
= – 12 ˆj – 6 k̂ + 18 î 2mg
  a=
M  2m
[Note: î × î = 0, î × ˆj = k, ˆj × î = – k etc]
 Ex.34 In the example 33, the velocity of bucket, after
Now |  | = (12) 2  (6) 2  (18) 2
it has fallen through a height h will be-
= 144  36  324 = 504 1/ 2 1/ 2
 4mgh   4Mgh 
(A)   (B)  
 M  2m   M  2m 
Ex.32 A constant torque acting on a uniform circular
wheel changes its angular momentum from A0 1/ 2 1/ 2
 2mgh   mgh 
(C)   (D)  
to 4A0 in 4 sec. The value of torque will be-  M  2m  Mm
(A) 4A0 (B) 12A0 Sol.(A) Let v be the velocity of bucket after falling a
3A 0 height h.
(C) A0 (D)
4 Now, using v2 = u2 + 2ah
Sol.(D) Torque,  = rate of change of angular momentum 1/ 2
dJ 4A 0  A 0 3A 0 2.2mgh  4mgh 
= = = v= 2ah = = 
dt 4 4 ( M  2m )  M  2m 
Ex.35 Two bodies of masses m1 and m2 are attached 2mg – 2T = 2ma ....(i)
to the two ends of a string. The string passes  = (2T) R = I  = (1/2)MR2. (a/R) ....(ii)
over a pulley of mass m and radius R. If m1 >
Mm
m2, the acceleration of the system will be- From (i) and (ii), T = g
M  4m
Note : Also a = 4mg (M + 4m)
R m
a T1
T2 Ex.37 A body whose moment of inertia is 3 kg. m2, is
m1
at rest. It is rotated for 20 seconds with moment
of force 6N-m. The work done will be- (in
m2 joule)
(A) 24 (B) 240 (C) 2400 (D) 24000
m1  m 2 m1  m 2
(A) g (B) g Sol.(C) Suppose an angular acceleration  is produced
m1  m 2 m1  m 2
in the body by applying a torque . Then, 
m1  m 2 m  m2  m
(C) (D) 1   = I, where I is the moment of inertia of body
m1  m 2  (1 / 2)m m1  m 2  m about the axis of rotation.
Sol.(C) m1g – T1 = m1a .... (i)
Hence  = 6 N.m and I = 3 kg.m2
T2 – m2g = m2a .... (ii)
 6
 (T1 – T2) + (m1 + m2) a = (m1 – m2) g Therefore,  = = = 2 rad/sec2
I 3
 T1 – T2 = (m1 – m2) g – (m1 + m2) a
Initially, the body is at rest (0 = 0). It rotates
 = (T1 – T2) R = I 
under the action of angular acceleration  for 2
= (1/2) mR2 (a/R) .... (iii) seconds. In this time-interval, the angular
 (T1 – T2) = (1/2) ma .... (iv) displacement of the body is, 
From (iii) and (iv)
  = 0t + (1/2)  t2
(1/2) ma = (m1 – m2) g – (m1 + m2) a
m1  m 2 = 0 + (1/2) × 2 × (20)2 = 400 radian
 a= g Work done in this displacement,
m1  m 2  (m / 2)
W = (torque × displacement) =  × 
Ex.36 A uniform solid cylinder of mass m and radius = 6 × 400 = 2400 joule
R rotates about a frictionless horizontal axle.
Two similar masses suspended with the help of
two ropes wrapped around the cylinder. If the Ex.38 Two particles A and B are moving as shown in
system is released from rest then the tension in fig. At this moment of time the angular speed of
each rope will be- A with respect to B is-
M vA vB

1 2
m m A B
r
Mmg Mmg
(A) (B) vA  v B
( M  m) ( M  2 m) (A)
Mmg Mmg r
(C) (D) v  vB
(M  3m) ( M  4 m) (B) A
Sol.(D) r
M v B sin  2  v A sin 1
(C) , in anticlockwise
r

direction
T T
v sin  2  v A sin 1
m m (D) B , in anticlockwise
mg mg r
mg – T = ma direction
mg – T = ma
From these equation,
Sol.(C) Resolving the velocities along x and y axes, we Ex.41 A cockroach of mass m is moving on rim of a
have, disc of radius r with velocity v in anticlockwise
vx = – vA cos 1 direction. The moment of inertia of the disc
vy = vA sin 1and v'x = vB cos 1, about its own axis is I and it is rotating in the
v' y = vB sin 2 clockwise direction with angular speed . If the
cockroach stops moving then the angular speed
The relative velocity of A with respect to B
of the disc will be -
along y-axis is given by (vA sin 1 – vB sin 2)
I I  mvr
   (A) 2
(B)
 v = r ×  , Because v is in positive y I  mR I  mr 2
direction and position vector of A w.r.t. B is in I  mvr I  mvr
negative x direction so the direction of  will be (C) 2
(D)
I  mr I
in clock wise and magnitude of  will be
Sol.(C) According to law of conservation of angular
 v sin 1  v B sin  2  momentum, Angular momentum before the
=  A  clockwise
 r  cockroach stops
 v sin  2  v A sin 1  = Angular momentum after the cockroach stops.  
or  =  B  anticlockwise
 r    I – mvr = (I + mr2) ' 
I  mvr
   ' =
Ex.39 A particle is moving in x-y plane and the I  mr 2
components of its velocity along x and y axis
are Vx and Vy. The angular momentum about Ex.42 A solid cylinder of mass 2 kg and radius
the origin will be- 0.2 m is rotating about its own axis without
k̂ friction with angular velocity 3 rad/sec. A

(A) m k̂ xVy  yVX
2

xVy  yVX(B)   particle of mass 0.5 kg and moving with a
k̂ velocity of 5 m/s strikes the cylinder and sticks
(C) m k̂ xVy  yVX (D) xVy  yVX to it as. The loss in energy due to collision will
2
Sol.(A) We know that angular momentum of a particle be -
      
(A) 6.25 J (B) 5.25 J
L = r × p = r ×mv =m( r ×v ) (C) 4.25 J (D) 3.25 J
i j k i j k Sol.(D) According to conservation of angular
momentum,
=m x y z =m x y 0 Angular momentum before collision = Angular
Vx Vy Vz Vx Vy 0 momentum after collision ....(i)
Angular momentum of cylinder before collision

= m k̂ xVy  yVX 
J1 = I = (1/2) mR2 
Ex.40 A ring of mass 10 kg and diameter 0.4 m is = (1/2) × 2 × 0.04 × 3 = 0.12 J.sec
rotating about its geometrical axis at 1200
Now from (i)
rotation per minute. Its moment of inertia and
angular momentum will respectively be- Jcyl + mpvR = (I + mR2) 
(A) 0.4 kg-m2, 50.28 J-sec 0.12  0.5  5  0.2
  =
(B) 50.24 kg-m2, 0.4 J-sec (1 / 2)  2  0.04  0.5  0.04
(C) 0.4 J-sec, 50.24 kg-m2 =10.3 rad/sec
(D) 0.4 kg-m2, 0 Now energy of system before collision
Sol.(C) M.I of a ring about its geometrical axis = M.I.
E = (1/2) I2 + (1/2) mv2
of ring about an axis passing through its centre = (1/2) × (1/2) × 2 × 0.04 × 9 + (1/2) ×
and perpendicular to its plane. 0.5 × 25 = 6.43 J
= MR2 = 10 (0.2)2 = 10 × 0.04 = 0.4 kg-m2 Energy of system after collision
2n E' = (1/2) I''2 = (1/2) × (1/2 M + m) R22
Now Angular momentum, J = I. = I .
t = (1/2) × (1/2 × 2 + 0.5) × 0.04 × (10.32)2
2 1200 = 3.18 J
= 0.4 × = 50.24 J-sec
60
Now E – E1 = 6.43 – 3.18 = 3.25 J
Ex.43 A particle of mass 3 kg is moving under the When both the masses stick to the bar, the
action of a central force whose potential energy whole system rotates about the centre of mass
is given by U (r) = 10 r3 joule. For what energy C. As there is no external torque acting on the
and angular momentum will the orbit be a circle system, the angular momentum is conserved.
of radius 10m ? Before collision (bar is stationary), there will be
(A) 2.5 × 104J, 3000 kg m2/sec only the angular momenta of 2m and m about
(B) 2.5 × 103J, 3000 kg m2/sec C. Hence the initial angular momentum (see
(C) 2.5 × 102J, 30000 kg m2/sec Fig.) is
Ji = 2mva + m (2v) 2a = 6 m v a
(D) 2.5 × 102J, 300 kg m2/sec
Sol.(A) The (variable) potential energy of the particle, (in an anticlock wise direction)
U (r) = 10r3 joule. Hence the force acting on the After collision, the bar and both the masses (2m
particle is and m) rotate with angular velocity about the
U centre of mass C. The moment of inertia of the
F=– = – 30r2 bar (mass 8m and length 6a) about C is
r
For circular motion of the particle, M 2 8 m (6 a ) 2
= = 24 ma2 , and the moments
mv 2 12 12
F= = 30r2
r of inertia of 2 m and m about C are 2 ma2 and
Substituting m = 3 kg and r = 10 m,
4 ma2 respectively. Hence, after collision the
we get ] v = 100 m/s
angular momentum of the system is
Total energy of the particle in circular motion is
1 Jf = (24 ma2 + 2 ma2 + 4 ma2)  = 30 ma2
E= mv2 + U(r)
2 But Ji = Jf
1 (conservation of angular momentum)
= × 3 × (100)2 + 10 ×(103) = 2.5 × 104 J
2 6ma v v
Angular momentum of the particle is = 2
=
30ma 5a
J = mvr = 3 × 100 × 10 = 3000 kg m2/s (in an anticlock wise direction)
The angular kinetic energy
Ex.44 Select the correct choice(s) : mass 8 m lies on a
smooth horizontal table. Two point masses m 1 2
 I  of the system is
and 2 m moving in the same horizontal plane 2 
with speeds 2v and v respectively strike the bar 2
as shown in figure and stick the bar after 1  v  3
= (30 ma2)   = mv2
collision. Denoting angular velocity (about the 2  5a  5
centre of mass,) total energy and centre of mass
velocity by E and vc respectively, we have Ex.45 A cord is wound round the circumference of a
after collision % wheel of radius r. The axis of the wheel is
2m horizontal and moment of inertia about it is I. A
v
3a weight mg is attached to end of the cord and
C falls from rest. After falling through a distance
A B h, the angular velocity of the wheel will be-
a 2a
2gh 2mgh
(A) (B)
2v I  mr I  mr 2
m
2mgh
(A) vc = 0 (B)  = 3v /5a, (C) (D) 2gh
I  2m
(C)  = v/5a (D) E = 3mv2 /5
Sol.(A, C, D ) Sol.(B) mgh = (1/2) I2 + (1/2) mv2
Both the masses, 2m and m, after striking the = (1/2) I2 + (1/2) mr22
bar give equal momentum each 2mv to the bar or 2mgh = [I + mr2]2 ,  
in opposite directions. Hence, after collision the 1/ 2
bar has no translational motion, i.e. the linear  2mgh 
   =  
velocity of the centre of mass of the bar is zero  I  mr 2 
(vc = 0)-
Ex.46 A mass m is supported by a massless string  2 
wound round a uniform cylinder of mass m and   M = 0, R =  R  and W = 0
 100 
radius R. On releasing the mass from rest, it will
K
fall with acceleration-  × 100 = – 4%
K
(A) g (B) g/2 (C) g/3 (D) 2g/3
(so K.E. is decreasing by 4%)
1 1
Sol.(D) mgh = mv2 + I2
2 2
Ex.48 When a solid sphere of moment of inertia I rolls
1 1 1 3
= mv2 + [ mR2]v2/R2 = mv2 down an inclined plane, then the percentage of
2 2 2 4
its rotational kinetic energy is-
v = 2ah [ v2 = u2 + 2as]
(A) 100% (B) 50%
3 2 (C) 28% (D) 72%
 mgh = m × 2ah  a = g
4 3
2
Sol.(C) M.I. of sphere about the diameter, I = mr2
5
Ex.47 Let g be the acceleration due to gravity at earth's
The rotational kinetic energy
surface and K be the rotational kinetic energy of
the earth. Suppose the earth's radius decreases Kr = (1/2) I2 = (1/5) mr22
by 2%, keeping all other quantities same, then- The translational kinetic energy
(A) g decreases by 2% and K decreases by 4% Kt = (1/2) mv2 = (1/2) m.r22
(B) g decreases by 4% and K increases by 2%
7
(C) g increases by 4% and K decreases by 4% Total energy, K = Kr + Kt = mr22
(D) g decreases by 4% and K increases by 4% 10
GM Kr 1/ 5
Sol.(C) We know that g = Now, × 100% = x 100% = 28%
R 2 K 7 / 10
take logarithmic on both side :
log g = log GM – 2logR  Ex.49 A uniform thin rod of length l is suspended
  log g = log G + log M – 2 log R from one of its ends and is rotated at f rotations
Now partially differentiating on both side per second. The rotational kinetic energy of the
g M R rod will be-
=0+ –2
g M R
so the percentage change in g 
g M R
  × 100 = × 100 – 2 × 100
g M R 
Because radius decreases by 2% and other
quantities are constant ( M = 0) so (A) (2/3) 2f2 ml2 (B) (4/3) f2 ml2
 2  (C) 42f2ml2 (D) 0
2 R  100
g  100 
× 100 = 0 – = 4% Sol.(A) The M.I. of a rod about an axis passing through
g R
its one ends
Similarly for rotational kinetic energy
M 2
1 1 2 1 and perpendicular to its axis I, =
K= I2 = ( MR2)2 = MR22 3
2 2 5 5
So for the percentage change Now rotational kinetic energy Kr = (1/2) I2
K M R M 2
 × 100 = × 100 + 2 × 100 = (1/2) . (2f)2
K M R 3
1 W
+2 × 100 = (2/3) Ml2.2f2
5 W
Ex.50 A thin uniform rod PQ of mass M and length L Now M.I. of 1 kg mass about an axis passing
is free to rotate about a hinge at P in the floor. through
Initially the rod is vertical. If it is released from
C.M. and  rod, I1 = 1.x2 = 1.22 = 5 kg-m2
this position then its angular velocity while
striking the floor will be- Similarly, for 2kg mass, I2 = 2.12 = 3 kg m2
Net M.I., I = I1 + I2 = 8 kg m2
Q
Now rotational
G K.E. = (1/2) I2 = (1/2) × 8 × 100 = 400 J
mg
P Ex.52 Point masses M1 and M2 are placed at the ends
(A) 3g/L (B) g / 3L of a rigid rod of length  and negligible mass.

The rod is to be set rotating about an axis
(C) 3g / L (D) gL
perpendicular to its length . Locate a point on
Sol.(C) M.I.of rod PQ about an axis passing through
the rod through which the axis of rotation
the point P and perpendicular to the rods is
should pass in order that the work required to
mL2 set the rod rotating with angular is minimum.
I=
3
M2 M1
Now according to conservation of energy, (A)  (B) 
M1  M 2 M1  M 2
Mgh = (1/2) I2 
M1 M2
mL2 (C)  (D) 
  m.g. (1/2) L = (1/2)   M1  M 2 M1  M 2
3
Sol.(A)
3g
   = 
L
M1 C M2
 
Ex.51 Two bodies of mass 1 kg and 2 kg are attached x ( – x)
to the two ends of a 3 m long rod. This rod is
rotating about an axis passing through centre of
Suppose the rod is set rotating about an axis
mass with angular velocity 10 rad/sec and
passing through a point C, distant x from M1.
perpendicular to its length. The rotational K.E.
of the system will be – The moment of inertia of the system about this
(A) 150 J (B) 755 J axis is given by
(C) 300 J (D) 400 J I = M1x2 + M2 (– x)2
Sol.(D)
The work done in setting the rod rotating with
angular velocity  equals the kinetic energy of
1kg 2kg rotation acquired by the rod. That is,
CM
1 1
x W= I  = [M1 x2 + M2 (– x)2]
2 2
3m
Suppose the C.M. of the system be at x distance dW
For W to be minimum, we must have =0
from 1 kg. dx
Now  moment of masses about C.M. = 0 or 2M1 x – 2M2 (– x) = 0
 1.x – 2.(3 – x ) = 0 or x = 2 M2
Now C.M. will be at distance 2 m from 1 kg or x = 
M1  M 2
and 1 m from 2 kg
Ex.53 A metal sphere of radius R and specific heat s is
rotating at a speed of n rotations per second
about its central axis. It is suddenly stopped and Ex.55 A particle is moving in a circle of radius 1 m
50% of its energy is converted into heat, the rise with speed varying with time as v = (2t) m/s. In
in temperature will be - first 2 sec-
2 4 R 22n 2 (A) distance travelled by the particle is 4 m
(A) JR22n2s (B)
5 5 Js (B) displacement of the particle is 2 sin 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
4 J R  n 2 R  n (C) average speed of the particle is 2 m/s
(C) (D)
5 s 5 Js (D) average velocity of the particle is zero
1 2 Sol.(A,B,C)
Sol.(D) KE = I
2 v = 2t
1 2 ds = 2tdt
= MR2(2n)2
2 5 2t 2
s=
50 % KE = Ms  J 2
1 1 2 2 2 2
  MR2 42n2 = Ms J s= = 4m
2 2 5 2
distance = 4m
2 R 22 n 2
 = total dist
5 SJ average speed =
total time
Ex.54 Two particles of masses m1 and m2 are 4
= = 2 m/s
connected at the two ends of a weightless rod of 2
length l. The rod is rotated about a 
r = 2r sin
2
perpendicular axis passing through the centre of
disp = 2 sin 2
mass of the two particles at a speed of n
total disp 2 sin 2
revolutions per second. The rotational K.E. of av. vel = = = sin2
total time 2
the system is
m1m 2 Ex.56 A particle suspended from a fixed point, by a
(A) 42n2l2 x
m1  m 2 light inextensible thread of length L is projected
m1m 2 horizontally from its lowest position with
(B) 22n2l2 x
m1  m 2 7gL
velocity . The thread will slack after
(C) 42n2l2 x (m1 + m2) 2
swinging through an angle , such that  equal-
(D) 22n2l2 x (m1 + m2)
(A) 30º (B) 135º
1
Sol.(B) KEr = I2 { I =  } 2
(C) 120º (D) 150º
2
1  m1 m 2  2 mv 02
=    (2n)2 Sol.(C) T = + mg (3 cos – 2)
2 m m  
 1 2 
m 7 g
2 2 n 2 m1m 2 2 0= . + mg (3 cos – 2)
=   2
m1  m 2 1
 cos  =
2
 = 120°
Ex.57 A pulley of radius 2m is rotated about its axis Ex.58 A ball is rolling on the track as shown in the
by a force F = (20t – 5t2) newton (where t is figure. AB is rough surface and BC is smooth.
measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the Ball reaches to the height C. KA, KB and KC are
moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of the kinetic energies at A, B and C.
rotation is 10 kg m2, the number of rotations
made by the pulley before its direction of A
motion if reversed, is : C
(A) less than 3
(B) more than 3 but less than 6 hA hC
(C) more than 6 but less than 9
(D) more than 9
Sol.[B] Given tangential force, F = (20t – 5t2) B
F×R=I× (A) hA > hC ; KB > KC
(B) hA < hC ; KB > KC
(20t – 5t2) × 2 = 10 ×
(C) hA = hC ; KB = KC
 = 4t – t2 (D) hA > hC ; KA < KC
d Sol.(A,D)
= 4t – t2 On smooth part BC, due to zero torque, angular
dt
velocity and hence the rotational KE remaining
2
 d   (4t  t )dt
constant. While moving from B to C
3
t translational KE converts into gravitational PE.
  2t 2  ….(i)
3
when direction of motion is reversed,
then  = 0.
 t = 6 sec
d t3
From (i)  2t 2 
dt 3
 6
 2 t3 
0 0  2t  3  dt
d  
  = 36
 36
Number of rotation = =  5.73
2  2
LEVEL # 1
Questions
Equations of Circular motion Q.6 A wheel starts rotating from rest and attains an
based on
angular velocity of 60 rad/sec in 5 seconds. The
total angular displacement in radians will be-
Q.1 A wheel is subjected to uniform angular
(A) 60 (B) 80 (C) 100 (D) 150
acceleration about its axis. Initially its angular
velocity is zero. In the first 2 sec, it rotates
Q.7 A body rotates at 300 rotations per minute. The
through an angle ; in the next 2 sec, it value in radian of the angle described in 1 sec is-
rotates through an additional angle 2. The ratio (A) 5 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 10
of 2 /1 is-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5 Q.8 A chain couples and rotates two wheels in a
bicycle. The radii of bigger and smaller wheels
Q.2 The linear and angular acceleration of a particle in a bicycle. The radii of bigger and smaller
wheels are 0.5m and 0.1. respectively. The
are 10 m/sec2 and 5 red/sec2 respectively it
bigger wheel rotates at the rate of 200 rotations
will be at a distance from the axis of rotation -
per minute, then the rate of rotation of smaller
(A) 50 m (B) 1/2 m
wheel will be -
(C) 1 m (D) 2 m
(A) 1000 rpm (B) 50/3 rpm
(C) 200 rmp (D) 40 rpm
Q.3 A grinding wheel attained a velocity of
20 rad/sec in 5 sec starting from rest. Find the
Q.9 If the position vector of a particle is
number of revolutions made by the wheel.
 r̂ = (3 î + 4 ˆj ) metre and its angular velocity is
(A) revolution per sec
25 
 = ( ˆj + 2 k̂ ) rad/sec then its linear velocity
1
(B) revolution per sec is (in m/s)-

(A) –(8 î –6 ˆj + 3 k̂ ) (B) (3 î + 6 ˆj + 8 k̂ )
25
(C) revolution
 (C) –(3 î + 6 ˆj + 6 k̂ ) (D) (6 î + 8 ˆj + 3 k̂ )
(D) None
Q.10 A car is moving with a speed of 72 Km/hour.
Q.4 A wheel having a diameter of 3 m starts from The diameter of its wheels is 50cm. If its
rest and accelerates uniformly to an angular wheels come to rest after 20 rotations as a
velocity of 210 r.p.m in 5 seconds. Angular result of application of brakes, then the angular
acceleration of the wheel is - retardation produced in the car will be
rad rad (A) 25.5 Radians/sec2 (B) 0.25 Radians/sec2
(A) 1.4 2 (B) 3.3 2
s s (C) 2.55 Radians/sec2 (D) 0
rad rad
(C) 2.2 2 (D) 1.1 2
s s Q.11 A particle, situated in an object, moves with
angular acceleration of 6 rad/sec2 and with
Q.5 A wheel starts rotating at 10 rad/sec and attains
2 2 rad/sec angular velocity. If the radius of
the angular velocity of 100 rad/sec in
the circular path is 1m, its total acceleration in
15 seconds. What is the angular acceleration in
m/sec2 will be :
rad/sec2? (A) 1 (B) 100
(A) 10 (B) 110/15
(C) 10 (D) 10
(C) 100/15 (D) 6
Q.12 A particle starts from rest under the effect of an Q.20 A particle, moving along a circular path has
angular acceleration of 5 rad/sec2. The value of equal magnitudes of linear and angular
angular displacement in 2 seconds in radian acceleration. The diameter of the path is (in
will be ? metre) :
(A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 20 (D) 50 (A) 1 (B)  (C) 2 (D) 2
Q.13 When a body rotates about an axis the quantity Questions

based on
Uniform circular motion
which remains same for all its particles, is-
(A) linear velocity (B) angular velocity
(C) linear acceleration (D) angular Q.21 A tachometer is a device to measure -
momentum (A) gravitational pull (B) speed of rotation
(C) surface tension (D) tension in a spring
Q.14 A wheel of an engine executes 4800
revolutions per minute. Its angular velocity (in Q.22 The ratio of angular speed of hours hand and
rad/sec) would be- seconds hand of a clock is-
(A) 4800 (B) 2400 (A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 : 60
(C) 160 (D) 80 (C) 1 : 720 (D) 3600 : 1
Q.23 The ratio of angular speeds of minutes hand
Q.15 A fan is rotating with a frequency 50Hz, its and hour hand of a watch is -
angular speed would be- (A) 1 : 12 (B) 6 : 1 (C) 12 : 1 (D) 1:6
(A) 50 rad/sec (B) 200 rad/sec
 100  Q.24 Two cars of masses m1 and m2 are moving
(C) 100 rad/sec (D)   rad/sec
   along the circular path of radius r1 and r2. They
take one round in the same time. The ratio of
Q.16 A particle moves by 1 cm in 1 sec in a path of
angular velocities of the two cars will be-
radius 10cm. Its angular speed would be
(A) m1 : m2 (B) r1 : r2
(A) 10º/sec (B) 10 rad/sec
(C) 0.1 rad/sec (D) 1 rad/sec (C) 1 : 1 (D) m1 r1 : m2 r2
Q.17 Two particles of masses m1 and m2 complete Q.25 The angular velocity of earth about its axis of
one revolution of respective radii r1 and r2 in rotation is-
(A) 2 / ( 60 × 60 × 24 ) rad/sec
same time. The ratio of their angular speeds
would be - (B) 2 / ( 60 × 60 ) rad/sec
(C) 2 / 60 rad/sec
(A) m1r12 : m2r22 (B) r1 : r2
(D) 2 / ( 365 × 24 × 60 × 60 ) rad/sec
(C) r2 : r1 (D) 1 : 1
Q.26 A particle rests on the top of a hemisphere of

Q.18 When a mass rotates about any axis, the
radius R. Find the smallest horizontal velocity
direction of the angular velocity will be -
that must be imparted to the particle if it is to
(A) towards radius
leave the hemisphere without sliding down it-
(B) towards the tangent to the orbit
(C) at an angle of 45º to the plane of rotation (A) gR (B) 2gR
(D) along the direction of axis of rotation (C) 3gR (D) 5gR
Q.19 If a rigid body a point rotates 60º in 6 minutes

the angular velocity of the body is- Q.27 In circular motion, the centripetal acceleration
(A) 1/6 rad/sec (B) 3.14/18 rad/sec is given by-
(C) 3.14/180 × 6. (D) None of these (A) a × r (B)  × v
(C) a × v (D)  × r
Q.28 A particle moves in a circle of radius 25 cm at

two revolutions per second. The acceleration of Q.35 When a body moves with a constant speed
particle in m/s2 is - along a circle-
(A) 2 (B) 82 (C) 42 (D) 22 (A) no work is done on it
(B) no acceleration is produced in the body
Q.29 A particle moves in circular path with uniform (C) no force acts on the body
speed v. The change in its velocity on rotating (D) its velocity remains constant
through 60º is - Q.36 What happens to the centripetal acceleration of
v a revolving body if you double the orbital
(A) v 2 (B) (C) v (D) Zero
2 speed v and halve the angular velocity  ?
(A) the centripetal acceleration remains
Q.30 Two bodies of masses 10 kg and 5 kg moving unchanged
on concentric orbits of radii R and r such that (B) the centripetal acceleration is halved
their period of revolution are same. The ratio of (C) the centripetal acceleration is doubled
their centripetal acceleration is - (D) the centripetal acceleration is quadrupled
R r R2 r2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
r R r2 R2 Q.37 A body of mass m is moving in a circle of
radius r with a constant speed v. The force on
Q.31 A particle is moving in a horizontal circle with the body is mv2/r and u is directed towards the
constant speed. State whether, the- centre. What is the work done by this force in
(A) K.E. is constant moving the body over half the circumference of
(B) P.E. is constant the circle?
(C) Both K.E. and P.E. are constant (A) mv2/r × r (B) zero
(D) Neither K.E. nor P.E. are constant
(C) mv2/r (D) r2/mv2
Q.32 A stone of mass m is tied to a string of length l Q.38 Centrifugal force is considerd as pseudo force
and rotated in a circle with a constant speed v. when
If the string is released, the stone flies- (A) An observer at the centre of circular motion
(A) radially outward (B) An outside observe
(B) radially inward (C) An observer who is moving with the
(C) tangentially outward
particle which is experiencing the force
(D) with an acceleration mv2/l (D) None of the above
Q.33 If a particle moves in a circle describing equal Q.39 A stone of mass 0.5 kg tied with a string of
angles in equal interval of times, its velocity length 1 metre is moving in a circular path with
vector – a speed of 4 m/sec. The tension acting on the
(A) remains constant string in Newton is-
(B) changes in magnitude
(A) 2 (B) 8 (C) 0.2 (D) 0.8
(C) changes in direction
(D) changes both in magnitude and direction
Q.40 The breaking tension of a string is 10 N. A
particle of mass 0.1 kg tied to it is rotated
along a horizontal circle of radius 0.5 metre.
Q.34 In uniform circular motion-
The maximum speed with which the particle
(A) both velocity and acceleration are constant
can be rotated without breaking the string is-
(B) acceleration and speed are constant but
(A) 5 m/sec (B) (50) m/sec
velocity changes
(C) both acceleration and velocity change (C) (500) m/sec (D) (1000) m/sec
(D) both acceleration and speed are constant
Q.41 What happens to centripital force of a

revolving body if you double the orbital speed Q.48 A person with a mass of M kg stands in contact
v and halve the angular velocity - against the wall of the cylindrical drum of
(A) Centripetal force remains unchanged
radius r rotating with an angular velocity .
(B) Centripital force is halved
The coefficient of friction between the wall and
(C) Centripital force is doubled
(D) Centripital force is quadrupled the clothing is . The minimum rotational
Q.42 A body is moving with a constant speed v in a speed of the cylinder which enables the person
circle of radius r. Its angular acceleration is- to remain stuck to the wall when the floor is
2 2 suddenly removed is -
v v v
(A) Zero (B) (C) 2 (D)
r r r g r
(A) min = (B) min =
Q.43 A body of mass 10 kg is rotated in vertical r g
circle of radius 4 cm at constant angular
velocity of 5 rad/ sec. The maximum tension in 2g gr
(C) min = (D) min =
the string is- r 
(A) 100 N (B) 600 N
(C) 110 N (D) 1100 N Q.49 A body is revolving with a uniform speed V in
Q.44 If both the speed and radius of circular path of
a circle of radius r. The angular acceleration of
a revolving body are doubled, the magnitude of
the body is -
centripetal force will be-
(A) equal to the former V
(A)
(B) twice the former r
(C) 4 times the former (B) Zero
(D) 8 times the former V2
Q.45 A particle is moving along a circular path of (C) along the radius and towards the centre
r
radius 6 m with uniform speed of 8 ms–1. The
V2
average acceleration when the particle (D) along the radius and away from the
r
completes one half of the revolution is -
centre
16 32
(A) m/s2 (B) m/s2 Q.50 A particle completes 3 revolutions per second
3 3
on a circular path of radius 8 cm. Find the
64
(C) m/s2 (D) None of these values of angular velocity and centripetal
3
acceleration of the particle -
Q.46 A string of length 1 m is fixed at one end and
rad cm
carries a mass of 100 gm at the other end. The (A) 6 ; 2882 2
s s
string makes (2/) revolutions per second
rad cm
around vertical axis through the fixed end. (B)  ; 2752 2
s s
Calculate the tension in the string- rad cm
(A) 1.0 N (B) 1.6 N (C) 6 ; 288 2
s s
(C) 2 N (D) 4 N (D) None
Q.47 When the road is dry and the coefficient of
friction is , the maximum speed of a car in a Q.51 A car of mass 1000 kg moves on a circular
circular path is 10 m/s, if the road becomes wet track of radius 20 m. if the coefficient of
friction is 0.64, what is the maximum velocity
and ' = /2. What is the maximum speed
with which the car can be moved?
permitted ?
(A) 1.12 m/s (B) 11.2 m/s
(A) 5 m/s (B) 10 m/s
0.64  20 1000
(C) m/s (D) m/s
(C) 10 2 m/s (D) 5 2 m/s 1000 0.64  20
Q.58 A body of mass 2 kg is moving in a vertical of
Q.52 A stone of mass 0.1 kg tied to one end of a radius 2 m. The work done when it moves from
string 1.0 m long is revolved in a horizontal the lowest point to the highest point is-
circle at the rate of 10/ revolution per second. (A) 80 J (B) 40 J (C) 20 J (D) 0
Calculate the tension of the string ?
Q.59 A particle rests on the top of the hemisphere of
(A) 30 N (B) 40 N (C) 50 N (D) 60 N
radius R. The small horizontal velocity that
Q.53 A coin placed on a rotating turn table just slips must be imparted to the particle if it is to leave
if it is at a distance of 40 cm from the centre if the hemisphere without sliding down. is-
the angular velocity of the turntable is doubled, (A) v = (2gR)1/2 (B) v = (gR/2)1/2
it will just slip at a distance of - (C) v = (gR) 1/2 (D) v = (2g/R)1/2
(A) 10 cm (B) 20 cm (C) 40 cm (D) 80 cm
Q.54 A stone of mass 0.5 kg tied with a string of Q.60 A mass m is revolving in a vertical circle at the
length 1 m is moving in a circular path with a end of a string of length 20 cm. By how much
speed of 4 m/sec. The tension acting on the does the tension of the string at the lowest point
string in Newton is- exceed the tension at the top most point?
(A) 2 (B) 8 (C) 0.2 (D) 0.8 (A) 2 m g (B) 4 m g (C) 6 m g (D) 8 m g
Q.55 A particle is acted upon by a constant force
Q.61 A car is travelling with linear velocity v on a
always normal to the direction of motion of the
circular road of radius r. If it is increasing it
particle. It is therefore inferred that-
speed at the rate of 'a' metre/sec2, then the
(a) Its velocity is constant resultant acceleration will be-
(b) It moves in a straight line
 v2   v4 
(c) Its speed is constant (A)  2
(B)  2
 r2  a   r2  a 
(d) It moves in circular path    
(A) a, d (B) c, d (C) a, b (D) a, b, c
 v4 
2
 v2 
2
(C)   a (D)   a
r 2  r 2 
Questions Non uniform circular motion/Vertical    
based on
circular motion Q.62 On an unbanked road, a cyclist negotiating a
bend of radius r at velocity v must lean inwards
by an angle  equal to -
Q.56 A block of mass m slides down along the (A) tan–1 (v2/g) (B) tan–1 (g/v)
surface of the bowl from the rim to the bottom –1 2
(C) tan (v / gr) (D) tan–1 (rg/v2)
as shown in fig. The velocity of the block at the
bottom will be-
Q.63 A particle of mass m is rotating by means of a
O
string in a vertical circle. The difference in the
R R tension at the bottom and top would be-
(A) 6 mg (B) 4 mg (C) 3 mg (D) 2 mg
v
(A) Rg (B) 2 Rg Q.64 A body of mass m crosses the top most point of
a vertical circle with critical speed. What will
(C) 2 Rg (D) gR
be tension in string when it is horizontal-
(A) mg (B) 2 mg (C) 3 mg (D) 6 mg
Q.57 A sphere is suspended by a thread of length l. Q.65 A motor - cycle is moving in a vertical circular
What minimum horizontal velocity is to be path. At what stage will the speed of the motor
imparted to the sphere for it to reach the height
cycle be maximum ?
of suspension?
(A) At the highest point of the path
(A) gl (B) g l (C) 2gl (D) l/g (B) At the lowest point of the path
(C) At the mid height of the path
(D) At all the points in the path
Q.66 A string can bear a maximum tension of lean from the vertical approximately through an
100 Newton without breaking. A body of mass angle-
1 kg is attached to one end of 1 m length of thin (A) tan–1 (1/4) (B) tan–1 (1)
string and it is revolved in a horizontal plane. (C) tan–1 (1/2) (D) tan–1 (2)
The maximum linear velocity which can be Q.73 Keeping the banking angle same to increase the
imparted to the body without breaking the maximum speed with which a vehicle can
string, will be - travel on a curved road by 10%, the radius of
(A) 10 m/s (B) 1 m/s curvature of road has to be changed from 20 m
(C) 100 m/s (D) 1000 m/s to-
(A) 16 m (B) 18 m
Q.67 A cane filled with water is revolved in a (C) 24.25 m (D) 30.5 m
vertical circle of radius 4 metre and the water Q.74 A motor cyclist moving with a velocity of
just does not fall down. The time period of 72 km per hour on a flat road takes a turn on
revolution will be - the road at a point where the radius of
(A) 1 sec (B) 10 sec (C) 8 sec (D) 4 sec curvature of the road is 20 metres. The
Q.68 A 2 kg stone at the end of a string 1m long is acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2. In order
to avoid skidding, he must not bend with
whirled in a vertical circle at a constant speed.
respect to the vertical plane by an angle greater
The speed of the stone is 4 m /sec. The tension
than-
in the string will be 52 N when the stone is-
(A) = tan–1 6 (B)  = tan–1 2
(A) at the top of the circle
(C)  = tan–1 25.92 (D)  = tan–14
(B) at the bottom of the circle
(C) half way down
Questions
(D) none of the above based on
Moment of inertia
Q.69 The roadway of a bridge over a canal is in the
form of a circular arc of radius 18 m. What is Q.75 The moment of inertia of a body depends upon
the greatest speed with which a motor cycle can -
cross the bridge without leaving ground. (A) mass only
(A) 98 m/s (B) 18  9.8 m / s (B) angular velocity only
(C) 18 × 9.8 m/s (D) 18 / 9.8 m/s (C) distribution of particles only
(D) mass and distribution of mass about the
Q.70 The maximum speed with which a car can axis
Q.76 On account of melting of ice at the north pole
cross a convex bridge over a river with radius
the moment of inertia of spinning earth -
of curvature 9 m is : (given that the centre of
(A) increases
gravity of car is 1m above the road)-
(B) decreases
(A) 50 m/s (B) 30 m/s
(C) remains unchanged
(C) 20 m/s (D) 10 m/s
(D) depends on the time
Q.77 Two spheres of same mass and radius are in
Q.71 A car is moving with speed 30 m/s on a circular contact with each other. If the moment of
path of radius 500 m. Its speed is increasing at inertia of a sphere about its diameter is I, then
the rate of 2 m/s2. The net acceleration of the the moment of inertia of both the spheres about
car is- the tangent at their common point would be -
(A) 3.7 m/s2 (B) 2.7 m/s2 (A) 3I (B) 7I (C) 4I (D) 5I
(C) 1.8 m/s2 (D) 2 m/s Q.78 Moment of inertia of a cylindrical shell of mass
M, radius R and length L about its geometrical
axis would be -
Questions
based on Banking of roads 1
(A) MR2 (B) MR2
2
2 2
Q.72 A cyclist is moving on a circular track of radius R L  ML2
(C) M   (D)
80 m with a velocity of 72 km/hr. He has to  4 12  12
 
Q.79 The moment of inertia of a sphere of radius R Q.87 A stone of mass 4kg is whirled in a horizontal
about an axis passing through its centre is circle of radius 1m and makes 2 rev/sec. The
proportional to - moment of inertia of the stone about the axis of
(A) R2 (B) R3 (C) R4 (D) R5 rotation is
(A) 64 kg × m2 (B) 4 kg × m2
Q.80 The moment of inertia of a body does not (C) 16 kg × m2 (D) 1 kg × m2
depend on
(A) its mass Q.88 In an arrangement four particles, each of mass
(B) angular velocity
2 gram are situated at the coordinate points (3,
(C) distribution of its particles
2, 0), (1, –1, 0), (0, 0, 0) and (–1, 1, 0). The
(D) its axis of rotation
moment of inertia of this arrangement about the
Q.81 The moment of inertia of NaCl molecule with
Z-axis will be
bond length r about an axis perpendicular to the
bond and passing through the centre of mass is (A) 8 units (B) 16 units
(C) 43 units (D) 34 units
m  m Cl 2
(A) (mNa + mCl)r2 (B) Na r Q.89 Two discs have same mass and thickness. Their
m Na m Cl
materials are of densities 1 and 2. The ratio
m  m Cl 2 m  m Cl 2
(C) Na r (D) Na r of their moment of inertia about central axis
m Na  m Cl m Na m Cl
will be -
Q.82 A disc of metal is melted to recast in the form
of a solid sphere. The moment of inertia about (A) 1 : 2 (B) 12 : 1
a vertical axis passing through the centre would (C) 1 : 12 (D) 2 : 1
(A) decrease
Q.90 Three rings, each of mass P and radius Q are
(B) increase
(C) remains same arranged as shown in the figure. The moment
(D) nothing can be said of inertia of the arrangement about YY’ axis will
Q.83 Which of the following quantity is direction be
less 1 Y 2
(A) moment of momentum
Q
(B) Moment of force
P P
(C) Moment of charge
(D) Moment of inertia
Q.84 The M.I. of a disc about its diameter is 2 units.
Its M.I. about axis through a point on its rim
P
and in the plane of the disc is 3
(A) 4 units. (B) 6 units Y'
(C) 8 units (D) 10 units 7 2
(A) PQ2 (B) PQ2
Q.85 A solid sphere and a hollow sphere of the same 2 7
mass have the same moments of inertia about
2 5
their respective diameters, the ratio of their (C) PQ2 (D) PQ2
5 2
radii is
Q.91 Three thin uniform rods each of mass M and
(A) (5)1/2 : (3)1/2 (B) (3)1/2 : (5)1/2
length L and placed along the three axis of a
(C) 3 : 2 (D) 2 : 3
Cartesian coordinate system with one end of
Q.86 The physical significance of mass in each rod at the origin. The M.I. of the system
translational motion is same as that of the about z-axis is
following in rotational motion - ML2 2 ML2
(A) moment of inertia (A) (B)
3 3
(B) angular momentum
ML2
(C) torque (C) (D) ML2
6
(D) angular acceleration
Q.92 A circular disc A of radius r is made from an

iron plate of thickness t and another circular Q.99 When a steady torque is acting on a body, the
disc B of radius 4r is made from an iron plate body
(A) continues in its state or uniform motion
of thickness t/4. The relation between the
along a straight line
moments of inertia IA and IB is
(B) gets linear acceleration
(A) A > B (C) gets angular acceleration
(D) rotates at a constant speed.
(B) A = B
Q.100 A wheel of moment of inertia 5 x 10–3 kg-m2
(C) A < B
is making 20rev/s. The torque required to stop
(D) depends on the actual values of t and r.30.5 m it in 10 sec is -
(A) 2 × 10–2 N-m (B) 2 × 102 N-m
Questions
based on
Torque (C)  × 10–2 N-m (D) 4 × 10–2 N-m
Q.93 A disc of radius 2m and mass 200kg is acted Q.101 An automobile engine develops 100H.P. when
upon by a torque 100N-m. Its angular rotating at a speed of 1800 rad/min. The torque
acceleration would be it delivers is
(A) 3.33 W-s (B) 200W-s
(A) 1 rad/sec2 (B) 0.25 rad/sec2
(C) 248.7 W-s (D) 2487 W-s
(C) 0.5 rad/sec2. (D) 2 rad/sec2.
Q.94 The product of moment of inertia and angular
Q.102 A disc of radius 1m and mass 1 kg is rotating
acceleration is -
with 40 radians/sec. the torque required to stop
(A) force
it in 10sec will be
(B) torque
(C) angular momentum (A) 1N-m (B) 2N-m
(D) rotational kinetic energy (C) 0.5N-m (D) 4N-m
Q.95 The torque needed to produce an angular
Q.103 The moment of inertia and rotational kinetic
acceleration of 18rad/sec2 in a body of moment
of inertia 2.5kg-m2 would be - energy of a fly wheel are 20kg-m2 and 1000
(A) 4.5 newton - metre joule respectively. Its angular frequency per
(B) 45 newton-metre minute would be -
(C) 4.5 × 102 newton-metre 600 25
(A) (B) 2
 
(D) 45 × 10–2 newton- metre
Q.96 Dimensions of torque are - 5 300
(C) (D)
(A) M2L2T–2 (B) M1L2T–2  
(C) ML2T–1 (D) ML–1T2
Q.104 A force of (2 î – 4 ˆj + 2 k̂ ) Newton acts at a
Q.97 On applying a constant torque on a body -
point (3 î + 2 ˆj – 4 k̂ ) metre from the origin.
(A) linear velocity increases
(B) angular velocity may increase or decrease The magnitude of torque is
(C) it will rotate with constant angular velocity (A) zero (B) 24.4 N-m
(D) it will move with constant velocity (C) 0.244 N-m (D) 2.444 N-m
Q.98 A wheel starting with angular velocity of 10 Q.105 The angular velocity of a body is ̂ = 2 î + 3 ˆj
radian/sec acquires angular velocity of 100
radian/sec in 15 seconds. If moment of inertia + 4 k̂ and a torque r̂ = î + 2 ˆj + 3 k̂ acts on
is 10kg-m2, then applied torque (in newton- it. The rotational power will be
metre) is (A) 20 watt (B) 15 watt
(A) 900 (B) 100 (C) 90 (D) 60 (C) 17 watt (D) 14 watt
Q.106 A torque of 2 newton-m produces an angular Q.113 The radius of gyration of a rotating body
acceleration of 2 rad/sec2 a body. If its radius depends upon -
of gyration is 2m, its mass will be : (A) mass (B) volume of the
(A) 2kg (B) 4 kg body
(C) 1/2 kg (D) 1/4 kg (C) shape of the body (D) applied torque.
Q.107 The three similar torque () are acting at an Questions

based on
Angular Momentum
angle of 120º with each other. The resultant
torque will be:
Q.114 The rate of change of angular momentum is
(A) zero (B) 2 
called
(C) 3 (D) /3 (A) angular velocity
(B) angular acceleration
Q.108 A ring of diameter 1m is rotating with an (C) force
angular momentum of 10 Joules-sec. The (D) torque
necessary tangential force required to increase
its angular momentum by 50% in 1sec will be Q.115 A man sitting on a rotating stool with his arms
(in newtons) : stretched out, suddenly lowers his hands
(A) his angular velocity decreases
(A) 10 (B) 5 (C) 15 (D) 20
(B) his moment of inertia decreases.
(C) his angular velocity remains constant
Q.109 A particle is at a distance r from the axis of (D) his angular momentum increases.
rotation. A given torque  produces some
angular acceleration in it. If the mass of the Q.116 The rotational kinetic energy of a rigid body of
particle is doubled and its distance from the moment of inertia 5 kg-m2 is 10 joules. The
axis is halved, the value of torque to produce angular momentum about the axis of rotation
the same angular acceleration is would be -
(A) /2 (B)  (C) 2 (D) 4 (A) 100 joule-sec (B) 50 joule-sec
 (C) 10 joule-sec (D) 2 joule –sec
Q.110 A body is rotating nonuniformly about a
vertical axis fixed in an inertial frame. The Q.117 A circular ring of mass 1kg and radius 0.2m
resultant force on a particle of the body not on executes 10 revolutions per sec. Its angular
the axis is momentum would be - (kg-m2/sec)
(A) vertical (A) 0.025 (B) 0.25 (C) 2.5 (D) 25
(B) horizontal and skew with the axis
(C) horizontal and intersecting the axis Q.118 Which quantity is not directly related with
(D) none of these rotational motion
(A) mass
(B) angular momentum
Q.111 Torque/moment of inertia equals to
(C) torque
(A) angular velocity
(D) moment of inertia
(B) angular acceleration.
(C) angular momentum. Q.119 A particle of mass m is rotating in a circular
(D) force path of radius r. Its angular momentum is J.
The centripetal force acting on the particle
Q.112 Equivalent to force in rotational motion is would be
(A) moment of force (B) impulse J2 J2 J 2r 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) J2rm
(C) moment of inertia (D) none of these mr 2 mr 3 m
Q.120 When a mass is rotating in a plane about a Q.127 Rotational kinetic energy of a given body
fixed point, its angular momentum is directed about an axis is proportional to -
along- (A) time period (B) (time period)2
(A) radius (C) (time period)-1 (D) (time period)–2
(B) the tangent to the orbit Q.128 A circular disc has a mass of 1kg and radius 40
(C) a line perpendicular to the plane of rotation cm. It is rotating about an axis passing through
(D) none of the above its centre and perpendicular to its plane with a
Q.121 The torque applied to a ring revolving about its speed of 10rev/s. The work done in joules in
own axis so as to change its angular momentum stopping it would be-
by 2 J-s. in 5 s, is (A) 4 (B) 47.5 (C) 79 (D) 158
(A) 10N-m (B) 2.5 N-m Q.129 A fly wheel of moment of inertia I is rotating at
(C) 0.1N-m (D) 0.4N-m n revolutions per sec. The work needed to
double the frequency would be -
Q.122 The angular velocity of a body changes from (A) 22In2 (B) 42In2
one revolution per 9second to 1 revolution per
(C) 62In2 (D) 82In2
second without applying any torque. The ratio
Q.130 A thin bar of length L is suspended from one
of its radius of gyration in the two cases is end and rotated at a speed of n revolutions per
(A) 1 : 9 (B) 3 : 1 (C) 9 : 1 (D) 1 : 3 second. The rotational kinetic energy of the bar
is -
Questions
based on
Rotational Kinetic Energy (A) 2ML22n2 (B) 1/2 ML22n2.
(C) 2/3 ML22n2 (D) 1/6 ML22n2.
Q.123 The rotational kinetic energy is -
1 Questions
Rolling Motion
(A) m2 (B) I2 based on
2
1 1
(C) I2 (D) mv2 Q.131 A ring of mass 1kg and diameter 1m is rolling
2 2
on a plane road with a speed 2m/s. Its kinetic
Q.124 A circular ring of wire of mass M and radius R energy would be -
is making n revolutions/sec about an axis (A) 1 joule (B) 4 joule
passing through a point on its rim and (C) 2 joule (D) 0.5 joule
perpendicular to its plane. The kinetic energy Q.132 A disc is rolling without slipping. The ratio of
of rotation of the ring is given by- its rotational kinetic energy and translational
kinetic energy would be -
(A) 42MR2n2 (B) 22MR2n2
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) 1 : 4
1
(C) 2MR2n2 (D) 82MR2n2 Q.133 A disc rolls on a table. The ratio of its K.E. of
2
rotation to the total K.E. is -
Q.125 Rotational kinetic energy of a disc of constant (A) 2/5 (B) 1/3 (C) 5/6 (D) 2/3
moment of inertia is - Q.134 A hoop having a mass of 1kg and a diameter of
1 meter rolls along a level road at 2m/sec. Its
(A) directly proportional to angular velocity
total K.E. would be -
(B) inversely proportional to angular velocity
(A) 1 Joule (B) 4 joules
(C) inversely proportional to square of angular
(C) 2 joules (D) 0.5 joule
velocity
(D) directly proportional to square of angular Q.135 A cylinder of mass M and radius R rolls on an
velocity inclined plane. The gain in kinetic energy is
Q.126 The kinetic energy of a body rotating with
1 1
constant angular velocity only depends upon (A) Mv2 (B) I2
2 2
its -
3 3
(A) mass (B) radius of gyration (C) Mv2 (D) I2
4 4
(C) moment of inertia (D)angular momentum
Q.136 The condition that a rigid body is rolling Q.140 When different regular bodies roll down along
without slipping on an inclined plane is an inclined plane from rest, then acceleration
(A) it has acceleration less than g. will be maximum for a body whose -
(B) it has rotational and translational K.E. to be (A) radius of gyration is least
equal (B) mass is least
(C) it has linear velocity equal to radius times (C) surface area is maximum
angular velocity (D) moment of inertia is maximum
(D) the plane is fricitionless.
Q.141 A sphere rolls down an inclined plane through
Q.137 A disk and a ring of the same mass are rolling a height h. Its velocity at the bottom would be
to have the same kinetic energy. What is ratio 7
of their velocities of centre of mass (A) 2gh (B) gh
10
(A) (4:3)1/2 (B) (3 : 4)1/2
10  10 
(C) (2)1/2 : (3) 1/2 (D) (3)1/2 : (2)1/2 (C) gh (D)   gh
7  7 
 
Q.138 The acceleration down the plane of spherical
body of mass m radius R and moment of inertia Q.142 If the applied torque is directly proportional to
I having inclination  to the horizontal is the angular displacement , then the work done
g sin  g sin  in rotating the body through an angle  would
(A) (B) be - (C is constant of proportionality)
2 2
1 I / R 1 I / R2
1 1
g sin  g sin  (A) C (B) C (C) C2 (D) C
(C) (D) 2 2
2
1  I / MR MR 2  I
Q.143 Rotational power in rotational motion is -
   
Q.139 A solid cylinder starts rolling from a height h (A)  .  (B)  x 
   
on an inclined plane. At some instant t, the (C)  .  (D)  x 
ratio of its rotational K.E. and the total K.E.
would be
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1 : 3 (C) 2 : 3 (D) 1 : 1
LEVEL # 2
Q.1 A heavy small sized sphere is suspended by a Q.6 A car while travelling at a speed of 72 km/hr.
string of length . The sphere rotates uniformly Passes through a curved portion of road in the
in a horizontal circle with the string making an form of an arc of a radius 10 m. If the mass of
angle  with the vertical. Then the time period the car is 500 kg the reaction on the car at the
of this conical pendulum is- lowest point P is-
72 km/hr
  l sin  
(A) T = 2 (B)T=2  
g  g 
 l cos    l  P
(C) T = 2   (D)T=2  
 g   g cos   (A) 25 KN (B) 50 KN
(C) 75 KN (D) None of these
Q.2 A body of radius R and mass m is rolling on a
Q.7 If mass ,speed and radius of rotation of a body
horizontal plane without slipping with speed v. moving in a circular path are all increased by
It then rolls up a hill of vertical height h. If h = 50%, the necessary force required to maintain
3v2/4g, the body is - the body moving in the circular path will have
to be increased by-
(A) Ring (B) Cylinder
(A) 225% (B) 125% (C)150% (D)100 %
(C) Solid sphere (D) Spherical shell
Q.8 A particle P is moving in a circle of radius 'a'
Q.3 A gramophone record is revolving with an
with a uniform speed v. C is the centre of the
angular velocity  . A coin is placed at a circle and AP is diameter. The angular velocity
distance r from the centre of the record. The of P about A and C are in the ratio-
static coefficient of friction is . The coin will (A) 1 :1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 4 : 1
revolve with the record if-
(A) r > g 2 (B) r = g /2 only Q.9 A coin placed on a rotating turn table just slips
2
(C) r < g / only (D) r  g /2 if it is placed at a distance of 4 cm from the
centre. If the angular velocity of the turn table is
Q.4 Two identical discs roll from rest on two doubled, it will just slip at a distance of-
inclined planes of length S and 2S as shown. (A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 4 cm (D) 8 cm
The velocities v1 and v2 acquired by the discs at
the bottom are related as – Q.10 In an atom two electrons move round the
nucleus in circular orbits of radii r and 4r. The
ratio of the time taken by them to complete one
25 5 revolution is-
(A) 4 :1 (B) 1: 4 (C) 1 : 8 (D) 8 : 1
2 1
Q.11 Three small balls each of mass 100 gm are
(A) v1 = v2/4 (B) v1 = v2/2 attached at distance of 1 m, 2 m and 3 m from
(C) v1 = v2 (D) v1 = 2v2 end D of a 3 m length of string. The string is
rotated with uniform angular velocity in a
Q.5 A car of mass 1000 kg moves on a circular path horizontal plane about D. If the outside ball is
with constant speed of 16 m/s. It is turned by moving at a speed of 6 m/s, the ratio of tension
90º after travelling 628 m on the road. The
in the three parts of the string from inside-
centripetal force acting on the car is-
(A) 160 N (B) 320 N (A) 6 : 5 : 4 (B) 3 : 2 :1
(C) 640 N (D) 1280 N (C) 3 : 5 : 6 (D) 6 : 5 : 3\
Q.12 A car is moving with a speed of 30 m/sec on a Q.17 A small body of mass m slides without friction
circular path of radius 500 m. Its is from the top of a hemispherical cup of radius r
increasing at the rate of 2 m/sec2. What is the as shown in the following figure. If it leaves the
acceleration of the car ? surface of the cup at a vertical distance 'h' below
the highest point, then-
(A) 9.8 m/sec2 (B) 2.7 m/sec2
(C) 2.4 m/sec2 (D) 1.8 m/sec2 h
Q
Q.13 The equation of motion of a particle moving on

circular path (radius 200 m) is given by
r
s = 18 t + 3t2 – 2t3 where s is the total distance
(A) h = r (B) h = r/3
covered from straight point in metres at the end
(C) h = r /2 (D) h = 2r /3
of t seconds. The maximum speed of the
particle will be -
Q.18 A body is allowed to slide on a frictionless track
(A) 15 m/sec (B) 23 m/sec
from rest position under gravity. The track ends
(C) 19.5 m/sec (D) 25 m/sec
into a circular loop of diameter D. What should
be the minimum height of the body in terms
Q.14 The kinetic energy of a particle moving along a
of D so that it may complete successfully the
circle of radius R depends on the distance
loop?
covered s as T = KS2 where K is a constant.
Find the force acting on the particle as a 4 5
(A) D (B) D (C) 1 D (D) 2 D
function of S - 5 4
2 2
2K S R Q.19 A body is rotated in the vertical plane by means
(A) 1   (B) 2KS 1   
S R S of a thread of length l with minimum possible
2 2 velocity. When the body up and reaches at the
S 2S R
(C) 2KS 1    (D) 1   highest point b of hits path, the thread breaks
R K S and the body moves on a parabolic path under
the influence the gravitational field as shown in
Q.15 A point moves along a circle with velocity the diagram. The horizontal range AC in the
v = at where a 0.5 m/sec2. Then the total plane of A would be-
acceleration of the point at the moment when it B v B
covered (1/10) th of the circle after beginning of
motion -
(A) 0.5 m/sec2 (B) 0.6 m/sec2
(C) 0.7 m/sec 2 (D) 0.8 m/sec2 vA A C
(A) x = l (B) x = 2 l
Q.16 A heavy particle hanging from a fixed point by
a light inextensible string of length l is (C) x = 2 l (D) x = 2 2 l
projected horizontally with speed (gl) . Then
the speed of the particle and the inclination of Q.20 A stone of mass 1 kg tied to a light inextensible
the string to the vertical at the instant of the string of length 10/3 metre is whirling in a
motion when the tension in the string equal the vertical circle. If the ratio of maximum tension
weight of the particle -
to minimum tension in the string is 4, then
3l lg speed of stone highest point of the circle is-
(A) , cos–1 (3/2) (B) , cos–1 (2/3)
g 3 [g = 10 m/s2]
3g gl (A) 20 m/s (B) 10 3 m/s
(C) , cos–1 (2/3) (D) , sin–1 (2/3)
l 3
(C) 5 2 m/s (D) 10 m/s
Q.21 A racing car is travelling along a track at a Q.25 Two circular discs A and B are of equal masses
constant speed of 40 m/s. A T.V. camera men is and thickness but made of metals with densities
recording the event from a distance of 30 m
directly away from the track as shown in figure. dA and dB (dA > dB). If their moments of
In order to keep the car under view in the
inertia about an axis passing through centres
position shown, the angular speed with which
the camera should be rotated, is- and normal to the circular faces be IA and IB ,
Track
car then
(A) IA = IB (B) IA > IB
40 m/s
(C) IA < IB (D) IA > = < IB
30 m
Q.26 Two discs have same mass and thickness. Their
30º
materials are of densities 1 and 2 . The ratio
T.V Camera of their moment of inertia about central axis will
(A) 4/3 rad/sec (B) 3/4 rad/sec
be -
(C) 8/3 rad/sec (D) 1 rad/sec
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1 2 : 1
Q.22 A particle is moving along a circular path of
radius 3 meter in such a way that the distance (C) 1 : 1 2 (D) 2 : 1
travelled measured along the circumference is
t2 t3
given by S =  . The acceleration of Q.27 Two masses of 3kg and 5kg are placed at 20cm
2 3
particle when t = 2 sec is- and 70cm marks respectively on a light wooden
(A) 1.3 m/s2 (B) 13 m/s2 meter scale. The M.I. of the system about an
(C) 3 m/s2 (D) 10 m/s2 axis passing through 100 cm mark and
Q.23 A particle of mass m is moving in a circular perpendicular to the meter scale is
path of constant radius r such that its 3kg 5kg
centripetal acceleration ac is varying with time t
as ac= k2 r t2, where k is a constant, the power
delivered to the particle by the forces acting on 0 20 70
it is-
(A) 2 m k2 r2 t (B) m k2 r2 t (A) 2.17kg-m2 (B) 2.37 kg-m2
4 2 5
(C) (m k r t )/3 (D) 0
(C) 2.57 kg-m2 (D) 2.77 kg-m2
Q.24 Three rings each of mass M and radius R are
arranged according to the figure. The moment Q.28 Three particles are connected by light, right rods
of inertia of this system about an axis XX' on its
plane would be lying along the y-axis. If the system rotates
X about the x-axis with an angular speed of 2rad/s,
the M.I. of the system is
4 kg y = 3m
O
X'
2 kg y = –2m
7 5
(A) MR2 (B) MR2 3 kg y = –4m
2 2
9 2
(C) MR2 (D) MR2 (A) 46 kg-m2 (B) 92kg-m2
2 5
(C) 184 kg-m2 (D) 276 kg-m2
Q.29 A rod of mass 3 kg and of length 3m is bent in Q.32 A disc of mass 25kg and diameter 0.4m is
the form of an equilateral triangle. The moment rotating about its axis at 240rev/min. The
of inertia of the triangle about a vertical axis tangential force needed to stop it in 20 sec
perpendicular to plane and passing through would be -
centre of mass is (A)  (B) 2 (C) 0.25 (D) 0.5
Q.33 A smooth uniform rod of length L and mass M

has identical beads of negligible size, each of
mass m , which can slide freely along the rod.
Initially the two beads are at the centre of the
rod and the system is rotating with angular
velocity 0 about an axis perpendicular to the
(A) 1/6kg m2 (B) 1/3 kg m2
rod and passing through the mid point of the
(C) 5/12 kg m2 (D) 1/2 kg m2 rod., There are no external forces. When the
beads reach the ends of the rod, the angular
Q.30 In the figure a = 6 cm and b = 20 cm. If the velocity of the rod would be -
moment of inertia of the system is 3200 kg-m2, M0 M0
its angular acceleration would be – (A) (B)
M  2m M  4m
10N M0 M0
(C) (D)
M  6m M  8m
30º a
Q.34 Two bodies with moments of inertia I1 and I2
b 9N
12N (I1 > I2) have equal angular momenta. If kinetic
(A) 10-1rad/s2 (B) 10-2rad/s2 energy of rotation are E1 and E2
(C) 10-3rad/s2 (D) 10-4rad/s2 (A) E1 = E2 (B) E1 > E2
(C) E1 < E2 (D) E1 > = < E2
Q.31 A person supports a book between finger and
thumb as shown (the point of grip is assumed to Q.35 A rigid body of mass m rotates with angular
be at the corner of the book). If the book has a velocity  about an axis at a distance a from the
weight of W then the person is producing a centre of mass G. The radius of gyration about a
torque on the book of parallel axis through G is k. The kinetic energy
of rotation of the body is
1 1
(A) mk22 (B) ma22
a 2 2
1 1
(C) m (a2 + k2)2 (D) m (a + k)2
2 2
b
Q.36 A solid iron sphere A rolls down an inclined
plane, while another hollow sphere B with the
a same mass and external radius also rolls down
(A) W anticlockwise the inclined plane. If VA and VB are their
2
b velocities at the bottom of the inclined plane,
(B) W anticlockwise
2 then
(C) Wa anticlockwise (A) VA > VB (B) VA = VB
(D) Wa clockwise (C) VA < VB (D) VA > = < VB
Q.37 A thin rod is hinged at one end O and it is in an Q.39 A wheel is rolling uniformly along a level road
unstable equilibrium position. It falls under (see figure). The speed of transitional motion of
gravity due to a slight disturbance. It makes the wheel axis is V. What are the speeds of the
angles 60º, 90º and 180º with vertical in points A and B on the wheel rim relative to the
positions (B), (C) and (D) respectively. If 2 road at the instant shown in the figure?
3,4 are angular velocities at these positions, B
then –
1
v
2
60º
0 3 A
90º (A) VA = V ; VB = 0 (B) VA = 0; VB = V
(C) VA = 0 ; VB = 0 (D) VA = 0; VB = 2V
(A) 4=23 (B) 4 = 22

(C) 4 = 1.5 2 (D) 4 = 2 2
Q.38 A disc of mass M and radius R is suspended in a

vertical plane by a horizontal axis passing
through its centre. After sticking an object of
same mass M at its rim the mass is raised to the
position of maximum height. Now this unstable
system is released. When the object passes the
position right below the centre the angular
velocity of the system would be -
O R M
8g 2g 3g 3g
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3R 3R 2R 8R
LEVEL # 3
Q.1 A pendulum of length  = 1 m is released from
0 = 60º. The rate of change of speed of the bob m
a
at  = 30º is: (g = 10 m/s2)
3a
60º
(A) 2ga (B) 3ga (C) 6ga (D) 4ga
Q.6 A particle is projected with a speed u at an

angle  with the horizontal. Consider a small
(A) 5 3 m / s 2 (B) 5 m/s2
part of its path near the highest position and
(C) 10 m/s2 (D) 2.5 m/s2 take it approximately to be a circular arc. What
Q.2 Starting from rest, a particle rotates in a circle of is the radius of this circle ? This radius is called
radius R  2 m with an angular acceleration the radius of curvature of the curve at the point-
 = /4 rad/s2.The magnitude of average u 2 sin 2  u 2 cos 2 
velocity of the particle over the time it rotates (A) (B)
g g
quarter circle is:
(A) 1.5 m/s (B) 2 m/s u 2 tan 2  u2
(C) 1 m/s (D) 1.25 m/s (C) (D)
g g
Q.3 A solid cylinder of mass 250gm and radius 4cm
is rolling down an inclined plane. The angle of
Q.7 A small ball of radius r rolls down without
inclination of the plane with horizontal is  =
sliding in a big hemispherical bowl. of radius R.
 1
sin–1   . Total kinetic energy of the cylinder What would be the ratio of the translational and
 10 
after 5 seconds would be- rotational kinetic energies at the bottom of the
(A) 0.02 joule (B) 0.2 joule bowl
(C) 2.0 joules (D) 20 joules (A) 2 : 1 (B) 3 : 2 (C) 4 : 3 (D) 5 : 2
Q.4 A tube of length L is filled completely with an
Q.8 Two uniform rods of equal length but different
incompressible liquid of mass M and closed at
masses are rigidly joined to form an L–shaped
both the ends. The tube is then rotated in a
body, which is then pivoted as shown. If in
horizontal plane about an axis passing through
equilibrium the body is in the shown
one of its ends with a uniform angular velocity
configuration, ratio M/m will be –
. The force exerted by the liquid at the other
O
end is -
M2 L2
(A) M2L2 (B)
2
m M
M 2 L
(C) M2L (D)
2 90º
30º
Q.5 A ring or radius 3a is fixed rigidly on a table. A
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 3
small ring whose mass is m and radius a, rolls
without slipping inside it as shown in the figure. Q.9 A particle of mass 2 kg located at position
The small ring is released from position A. (î  ˆj) m has a velocity 2 ( î  ĵ  k̂ ) m/s. Its
When it reaches at the lowest point, the speed of
angular momentum about z–axis in kg–m2/s is –
the centre of the ring at that time would be - (A) zero (B) +8 (C) 12 (D) –8
Q.10 A uniform rod of length L is free to rotate in a Q.14 A sphere is rolled on a rough horizontal surface.
vertical plane about a fixed horizontal axis It gradually slows down and stops. The force of
through B. The rod begins rotating from rest friction tries to
from its unstable equilibrium position. When it (A) decrease the linear velocity
(B) increase the angular velocity
has turned through an angle  its instantaneous (C) increase the linear momentum
angular velocity  is given as – (D) decrease the angular velocity
A
Q.15 A sphere of mass M rolls without slipping on
A the inclined plane of inclination . What should
be the minimum coefficient of friction, so that
 the sphere rolls down without slipping ?
2 2
(A) tan (B) tan
5 7
5
(C) tan (D) tan
7
B B'
Passage Based Questions -
6g 6g  A particle is moving in a circle of radius R with
(A) sin  (B) sin
L L 2 constant speed. The time period of the particle
6g  6g T
(C) cos (D) cos  is T. In a time t = :
L 2 L 6
Q.16 Average speed of the particle is.............
Q.11 A ring of mass m and radius R has three
R 2R 2R R
particles attached to the ring as shown in the (A) (B) (C) (D)
figure. The centre of the ring has a speed v0. 6T 3T T T
The kinetic energy of the system is : (Sliding is Q.17 Average velocity of the particle is............
absent.) 3R 6R 2R 4R
(A) (B) (C) (D)
m T T T T
2m m Passage Based Questions -
A rod of mass M and length L is suspended by a
frictionless hinge at the point O as shown in
figure. A bullet of mass m moving with velocity
v in a horizontal direction strikes the end of the
(A) 6 mv02 (B) 12 mv02 rod and gets embedded in it.
(C) 4 mv02 (D) 8 mv02
Q.40 A thin rod of length l and mass m is suspended O

freely at its end. It is pulled aside and swung
about a horizontal axis, passing through its M L
lowest position with an angular speed .
Through what height centre of mass has been
raised V
(A) 2l2/g. (B) 2l2/6g
(C) 2l2/2g (D) 2l2/3g Q.18 The angular momentum of the system, about O
before collision is -
Q.13 A string of negligible thickness is wrapped (A) mvL (B) MvL
several times around a cylinder kept on a rough 1 1
horizontal surface. A man standing at a distance (C) mvL (D) MvL
2 2
l from the cylinder holds one end of the string
and pulls the cylinder towards him (figure). Q.19 When the bullet is embedded in the rod, the
There is no slipping anywhere. The length of moment of inertia of the system about an axis
passing through point O and perpendicular to
the string passed through the hand of the man the length of the rod is -
while the cylinder reaches his hands is – 2
L
(A) (m + M)L2 (B) (m + M)  
2
ML2 ML2
(C) mL2 + (D) mL2 +
(A) l (B) 2l (C) 3l (D) 4l 4 3
Q.20 The angular velocity by the rod just after the Statement II : Acceleration of all bodies are
collision is - equal and independent of shape.
mv 2mv
(A) (B) Q.27 Statement I : A wheel moving down a
(3m  M)L ML perfectly frictionless inclined plane shall
2mv 3mv undergo slipping (not rolling).
(C) (D) Statement II : For rolling torque is required,
L (3m  M)L
which is provided by tangential frictional force.
Assertion & Reason Type Questions - Q.28 Statement I : The centre of mass of a circular
Each of the questions given below consist of disc with uniform mass distribution lies always
Statement – I and Statement – II. Use the at the centre of the disc.
following Key to choose the appropriate Statement II : Circular disc with uniform
answer. mass distribution is a symmetrical body.
(A) If both Statement- I and Statement- II are
true, and Statement - II is the correct Column Matching Type Questions -
explanation of Statement– I.
(B) If both Statement - I and Statement - II are Q.29 A particle of mass 1 kg is projected with
true but Statement - II is not the correct velocity m/s at 45º with ground. When, the
explanation of Statement – I. particle is at highest point: (g = 10 m/s2)
(C) If Statement - I is true but Statement - II is Column-I Column-II
false. (A) Net torque on the (P) 200 SI unit
(D) If Statement - I is false but Statement - II is particle about point
true. of projection
(B) Angular momentum (Q) 400 SI unit
Q.21 Statement-I: If the earth expands in size of the particle about
without any change in mas, the length of the day point of projection
would increase. (C) Angular velcoity of (R) 1.0 SI unit
Statement-II: The rotation of earth about its particle about point of
axis follows the law of conservation of angular projection
momentum. (S) None
Q.22 Statement-I: A body moving in a straight line Q.30 A solid sphere is rotating about an axis as
parallel to Y-axis can have angular momentum. shown in figure. An insect follows the dotted
Statement-II: We can employ the concept of path on the circumference of sphere as shown.
angular momentum only in rotatory motion Match the following:
Q.23 Statement-I: When a planet is at maximum Insect

distance from the sun, its speed is minimum.
Statement-II: The motion of planet around the
sun does not follow the law of conservation of
angular momentum.
Q.24 Statement-I : When a sphere and a solid
cylinder are allowed to roll down an inclined
plane, the sphere will reach the ground first Column-I Column-II
even if the mass and radius of the two bodies (A) Moment of inertia (P) will remain cons.
are different. (B) Angular velocity (Q) will first increase
Statement-II : The acceleration of the body then decrease
rolling down the inclined plane is directly (C) Angular momentum (R) will first decrease
proportional to the radius of the rolling body. then increase
(D) Rotational kinetic (S) will continuously
Q.25 Statement-I : Angular velocity is a energy decrease
characteristic of the rigid body as a whole. (T) will continuously
Statement-II : Angular velocity may be increase
different for different particles of a rigid body (U) data is insufficient
about the axis of rotation.
Q.26 Statement I : If bodies slide down an inclined

plane without rolling, then all the bodies reach
the bottom simultaneously.
LEVEL # 4
SECTION - A Q.7 A particle performing uniform circular motion
Q.1 A ring of mass M and radius R is moving in has angular momentum L. If its angular
horizontal plane at angular speed  about self frequency is doubled and its kinetic energy
axis. If two equal point masses are placed at the halved, then the new angular momentum is –
ends of any diameter. Find final angular speed
of system - (A) 2 L (B) 4 L (C) L / 2 (D) L / 4
M
M  Q.8 Which of the following statements is FALSE
(A) 2 m  (B) M  2m
for a particle moving in a circle with a constant
m
 angular speed ?
(C) M  2 m (D) none of above (A) The velocity vector is tangent to the circle
Q.2 The minimum velocity (in ms–1) with which a (B) The acceleration vector is tangent to the
car driver must travels on a flat curve of radius circle
150 m and coefficient of friction 0.6 to avoid (C) The acceleration vector points to the centre
skidding is –
of the circle
(A) 60 (B) 30 (C) 15 (D) 25
(D) The velocity and acceleration vectors and
Q.3 A solid sphere, a hollow sphere and a ring are
released from top of an inclined plane perpendicular to each other
(frictionless) so that they slide down the plane.
Then maximum acceleration down the plane is Q.9 A particle is acted upon by a force of constant
for (no rolling) magnitude which is always perpendicular to the
(A) Solid sphere (B)Hollow-sphere velocity of the particle, the motion of the
(C) Ring (D) All same particle takes place in a plane. It follows
Q.4 Moment of inertia of a circular wire of mass M that – ]
and raidus R about its diameter is – (A) Its velocity is constant
(B) Its acceleration is constant
MR 2 MR 2 (C) Its kinetic energy is constant
(A) (B) MR2 (C) 2 MR2 (D)
2 4 (D) It moves in a straight line
Q.5 In the following figure angular momentum of
particle of mass m and speed v about origin Q.10 A solid sphere is rotating in free space. If the
is – radius of the sphere is increased keeping mass
X same which one of the following will not be
affected ?
(A) Moment of inertia
(B) Angular momentum
(C) Angular velocity
L (D) Rotational kinetic energy
 Q.11 One solid sphere A and another hollow sphere B
are of same mass and same outer radi. Their
Y moment of inertia about their diameters are
(A) mvL (B) mv (C) mv/L (D) mv/ respectively A and B such that
Q.6 A circular disc X of radius R is made from an (A) A = B (B) A > B
iron plate of thickness t and another disc Y of
radius 4R is made from an iron plate of A d
(C) A < B (D) = A 
thickness t/4. Then the relation between the B dB
moment of inertia IX and IY is –  where dA and dB are their densities.
(A) IY = 16 IX (B) IY = IX
(C) IY = 64 IX (D) IY = 32 IX
Q.12 An annular ring with inner and outer radii R1 Q.16 A force of –F k̂ acts on O, the origin of the
and R2 is rolling without slipping with a coordinate system. The torque about the point
uniform angular speed. The ratio of the forces (1, – 1) is –
experienced by the two particles situated on the z
F
inner and outer parts of the ring, 1 is O
F2 y
2 x
R2 R 
(A) (B)  1 
R1  R2  (A) F ( î  ˆj ) (B) – F ( î  ĵ )
R (C) F ( î  ĵ ) (D) – F ( î  ˆj )
(C) 1 (D) 1
R2 Q.17 Four point masses, each of value m, are placed
at the corners of a square ABCD of side . The
Q.13 The moment of inertia of uniform semicircular moment of inertia of this system about an axis
disc of mass M and radius r about a line passing through A and parallel to BD is –
]
perpendicular to the plane of the disc through
the centre is (A) 3 m2 (B) m2 (C) 2 m2 (D) 3 m2
1 2 Q.18 For the given uniform square lamina ABCD,
(A) Mr 2 (B) Mr 2
4 5 whose centre is O,
F
1
(C) Mr2 (D) Mr 2 D C
2
Q.14 A 'T' shaped object with dimensions shown in

the figure, is lying on a smooth floor. A force ''
is applied at the point P parallel to AB, such that A B
the object has only the translational motion
without rotation. Find the location of P with E
respect to C. (A) 2 IAC = IEF (B) IAD = 3IEF

(C) IAC = IEF (D) IAC = 2 IEF
A B
Q.19 A circular disc of radius R is removed from a
bigger circular disc of radius 2R such that the
P circumferences of the discs coincide. The
2 distance of centre of mass of the new disc is
F from the centre of the bigger disc is R. The
value of  is
1 1 1 1
C (A) (B) (C) (D)
3 2 6 4
2 3 4 Q.20 A round uniform body of radius R, mass M and
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D) 
3 2 3 moment of inertia ‘I’, rolls down (without slipping)
an inclined plane making an angle  with the
Q.15 A thin circular ring of mass m and radius R is
horizontal. Then its acceleration is
rotating about its axis with a constant angular
velocity . Two objects each of mass M are g sin  g sin 
(A) 2
(B)
attachecd gently to the opposite ends of a 1  I / MR 1  MR 2 / I
diameter of the ring. The ring now rotates with g sin  g sin 
an angular velocity ' = (C) (D)
2
1  I / MR 1  MR 2 / I
m m Q.21 Angular momentum of the particle rotating with
(A) (B)
(m  M ) ( m  2M ) a central force is constant due to ]
(m  2M ) (m  2M) (A) Constant Force
(C) (D) (B) Constant linear momentum
m ( m  2M )
(C) Zero Torque
(D) Constant Torque
Q.22 Consider a uniform square plate of side ‘a’ and Q.25 A thin horizontal circular disc is rotating about a
mass ‘m’. The moment of inertia of this plate vertical axis passing through its centre. An
about an axis perpendicular to its plane and insect is at rest at a point near the rim of the
passing through one of its corners is disc. The insect now moves along a diameter of
the disc to reach its other end. During the
1 7 journey of the insect, the angular speed of the
(A) ma2 (B) ma2 disc:
12 12
(A) remains unchanged
2 5
(C) ma2 (D) ma2] (B) continuously decreases
3 6 (C) continuously increases
Q.23 A thin uniform rod of length  and mass m is (D) first increases and then decreases
swinging freely about a horizontal axis passing Q.26 Two cars of masses m1 and m2 are moving in
through its end. Its maximum angular speed is circles of radii r1 and r2, respectively. Their
. Its centre of mass rises to a maximum height speeds are such that they make complete circles
of - in the same time t. The ratio of their centripetal
1  1  2 2 acceleration is-
(A) (B) (A) m1 : m2 (B) r1 : r2
6 g 2 g
(C) 1 : 1 (D) m1 r1 : m2 r2
1  2 2 1  2 2
(C) (D) Q.27 A hoop of radius r and mass m rotating with an
6 g 3 g
Q.24. A mass m hangs with the help of a string angular velocity 0 is placed on a rough
wrapped around a pulley on a frictionless horizontal surface. The initial velocity of the
bearing. The pulley has mass m and radius R. centre of the hoop is zero. What will bet he
Assuming pulley to be a perfect uniform
velocity of the centre of
circular disc, the acceleration of the mass m, if
the string does not slip on the pulley, is : r0
(A) (B) r0
2
3 2 g r0 r0
(A) g (B) g (C) g (D) (C) (D)
2 3 3 4 3
LEVEL # 5
Q.1 The ratio of the radii of gyration of a circular Q.6 A uniform rod of length l and mass m is free to
disc about a tangential axis in the plane of the rotate in a vertical plane about A. The rod
disc and of a circular ring of the same radius initially in horizontal position is released. The
about a tangential axis in the plane of the ring is initial angular acceleration of the rod is
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 2 : 1 M l2
(c) 5: 6 (d) 1: 2 (Moment of inertia of rod about A is ):-
3
l
Q.2 Three particles, each of mass m grams situated A B
at the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC of
side l cm (as shown in the figure). The moment 3g
of inertia of the system about a line AX (a) (b) 2l
perpendicular to AB and in the plane of ABC, in 2l
gram-cm2 units will be: 3g l
(c) (d) mg
X m C 2l 2 2
Q.7 The ratio of the radii of gyration of a circular
disc to that of a circular ring, each of same mass
l l and radius, around their respective axes is
(a) 3: 2 (b) 1: 2
A B
m m (c) 2 :1 (d) 2: 3
(a) (3/4) ml2 (b) 2 ml2
(c) (5/4) ml2 (d) (3/2) ml2 Q.8 A thin rod of length L and mass M is bent at its
midpoint into two halves so that the angle
Q.3 Adrum of radius R and mass M1 rolls down between them is 90º. The moment of inertia of
without slipping along an inclined plane of the bent rod about an axis passing through the
angle . The frictional force: bending point and perpendicular to the plane
(a) Converts translational energy to rotational defined by the two halves of the rod is
energy ML2 ML2
(b) Dissipates energy as heat (a) (b)
24 12
(c) Decreases the rotational motion 2
(d) Decrease the rotational and translational ML 2 ML2
(c) (d)
motion 6 24
Q.9 If is force acting on a particle having position
Q.4 Two bodies have their moments of inertia I and vector and be the torque of this force about the
2I respectively about their axis of rotation. If origin, then
their kinetic energies of rotation are equal, their  
(a) r .  0and F.  0
angular momenta will be in the ratio:  
(b) r .  0 and F.  0
 
(a) 1:2 (b) 2 :1 (c) r .  0 and F.  0
 
(c) 2:1 (d) 1: 2 (d) r .  0 and F.  0
Q.10 Four identical thin rods each of mass M and
Q.5 The moment of inertia of a uniform circular disc length l1 form a square frame. Moment of
of radius R and mass M about an axis passing intertia of this frame about an axis trough the
from the edge of the disc and normal to the disc centre of the square and perpendicular to its
is: plane is
1
(a) MR 2 (b) MR2 (a)
4
M l2 (b)
2
M l2
2 3 3
7 3
(c) MR 2 (d) MR 2 13 1
2 2 (c) M l2 (d) M l2
3 3
Q.11 From a circular disc of radius R and mass 9M, a Q.17 A circular platform is mounted on a frictionless
R vertical axle. Its radius R = 2m and its moment
small disc of mass M and radius is removed of inertia about the axle is 200 kgm2. It is
3
concentrically. The moment of inertia of the initially at rest. A 50 kg man stands on the edge
remaining disc about an axis perpendicular to of the platform and begins to walk along the
the plane of the disc and passing through its edge at the speed of 1ms1 relative to the
centre is ground. Time taken by the man to complete one
revolution is:
40
(a) MR 2 (b) MR2 3
9 (a) s (b) s
2
4
(c) 4MR2 (d) MR 2 
9 (c) 2s (d) s
2
Q.12 The instantaneous angular position of a point on Q.18 The moment of inertia of a uniform circular disc
a rotating wheel is given by the equation
is maximum about and an axis perpendicular to
(t)  2 t 3  6 t 2 . The torque on the wheel the disc and passing through:
becomes zero at: C
(a) t = 1s (b) t = 0.5s
D
(c) t = 0.25s (d) t = 2s B
A
Q.13 The moment of inertia of a thin uniform rod of
mass M and length L about an axis passing
through its midpoint and perpendicular to its
(a) B (b) C
length is I0. Its moment of inertia about an axis
(c) D (d) A
passing through one of its ends and
perpendicular to its length is:
(a) I0 + ML2/2 (b) I0 + ML2/4 Q.19 A small object of uniform density rolls up a
(c) I0 + 2ML 2
(d) I0 + ML2 curved surface with an initial velocity v. It
Q.14 When a mass is rotating in a plane about a fixed 3v 2
reaches upto a maximum height of with
point, its angular momentum is directed along: 4g
(a) A line perpendicular to the plane of respect to the initial position. The object is
rotation (a) Solid sphere (b) Hollow sphere
(b) The line making an angle of 45º to the (c) Disc (d) Ring
plane of rotation
(c) The radius Q.20 A rod PQ of mass M and length L is hinged at
(d) The tangent to the orbit. end P. The rod is kept horizontal by a massless
Q.15 A solid cylinder of mass 3 kg is rolling on a string tied to point Q as shown in figure. When
horizontal surface with velocity 4ms1. It string is cut, the initial angular acceleration of
collides with a horizontal spring of force the rod is:
constant 200 Nm1. The maximum compression
produced in the spring will be
(a) 0.5 m (b) 0.6 m
(c) 0.7 m (d) 0.2 m
Q.16 ABC is an equilateral triangle with O as its
  
centre. F1 , F2 and F3 represent three forces acting P Q
along the sides AB, BC and AC respectively. If L

the total torque about O is zero the magnitude of (a) g/L (b) 2 g/L

F3 is: 2g 3g
(c) (d)
A 3L 2L
Q.21 A solid cylinder of mass 50 kg and radius 0.5 m

F3
is free to rotate about horizontal axis. A
O
massless string is wound round the cylinder
B F2 with one end attached to it and other hanging
C
F1 freely. Tension in the string required to produce
(a) F1 + F2 (b) F1  F2 and angular acceleration of 2 revolutions s2
F F (a) 25 N (b) 50 N
(c) 1 2 (d) 2(F1 + F2) (c) 78.5 N (d) 157 N
2

Q.22 A rod of weight W is supported by two parallel Q.25 A force F   ˆi  3 ˆj 6 kˆ is acting at a point
knife edges A and B and is in equilibrium in a 
horizontal position. The knives are at a distance r  2 iˆ 6 ˆj 12 kˆ . The value of  for which
d from each other. The centre of mass of the rod angular momentum about origin is conserved is:
is at distance x from A. The normal reaction on (a) 2 (b) Zero
A is: (c) 1 (d) 1
Wd W d  x Q.26 Form a disc of radius R and mass M, a circular
(a) (b) hole of diameter R, whose rim passes through
x 
the centre, is cut. What is the moment of inertia
W d  x Wx of the remaining part of the disc about at
(c) (d)
d d perpendicular axis, passing through the centre?
Q.23 Three identical spherical shells, each of mass m (a) 9MR2/32 (b) 15MR2/32
2
and radius r are placed as shown in figure. (c) 13MR /32 (d) 11MR2/32
Consider an axis XX which is touching to two Q.27 A disk and a sphere of same radius but different
shells and passing through diameter of third masses roll off on two inclined planes of the
shell. Moment of inertia of the system same altitude and length. Which one of the two
consisting of these three spherical shell about objects gets to the bottom of the plane first?
XXaxis is : (a) Depends on their masses
(b) Disk
X (c) Sphere
(d) Both reach at the same time
Q.28 A uniform circular disc of radius 50 cm at rest is
free to turn about an axis which is perpendicular
to its plane and passes through its centre. It is
X subjected to a torque which produces a constant
angular acceleration of 2.0 rad s2. its net
16 2 acceleration in ms2 at the end of 2.0 s is
(a) 3 mr2 (b) mr
5 approximately
11 2 (a) 3.0 (b) 8.0
(c) 4 mr2 (d) mr (c) 7.0 (d) 6.0
5
Q.24 Point masses m1 and m2 are placed at the Q.29 Two rotating bodies A and B of masses m and
opposite ends of a rigid of length L, and 2m with moments of inertia IA and Ib (IB > IA)
negligible mass. The rod is to be set rotating have equal kinetic energy of rotation. If LA and
about an axis perpendicular to it. The position LB be their angular moment respectively, then
of point P on this rod through which the axis L
(a) LA > LB (b) L A  B
should pass so that the work required to set the 2
rod rotating with angular velocity 0 is (c) LA > 2LB (d) LB > LA
minimum, is given by Q.30 A solid sphere of mass m and radius R is
w0 rotating about its diameter. A solid cylinder of
the same mass and same radius is also rotating
about its geometrical axis with an angular speed
m1 P m2
twice that of the sphere. The ratio of their
x (L – x) kinetic energies of rotation (Espher/E cylinder)
will be
(a) 3 : 1 (b) 2 : 3
m1 m2 (c) 1 : 5 (d) 1 : 4
(a) x  L (b) x L Q.31 Alight rod of length I has two masses m1 and
m2 m1 m2 attached to its two ends. The moment of
m2 L m1 L inertia of the system about an axis perpendicular
(c) x  (d) x
m1  m 2 m1  m 2 to the rod and passing through the centre of
mass is
m1 m 2 2
(a) m1 m 2 l 2 (b) l
m1  m 2
m1 m 2 2
(c) l (d)  m1  m 2  l 2
m1  m 2
ANSWER KEY
LEVEL # 1
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. C D C A D D D A A A C A B C C C D D C C
Q.No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. B C C C A A B C C A C C C C A A B C B B
Q.No. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. A A C B C B D A B A B B A B B C C A C C
Q.No. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Ans. B C A C B A D B B D B C C B D A B A D B
Q.No. 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Ans. C A D D A A B D D A B C B B B B B D C A
Q.No. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Ans. D B D B A D A A A B B A C D B C C A B C
Q.No. 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
Ans. D B C A D C D D C C B C B B C A, C A C B A
Q.No. 141 142 143
Ans. C C A
LEVEL # 2
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Ans. C B D C C A B B A C D B C C D B B B B D D B B A C D
Q.No. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Ans. B B D C B A C C C A B A D
LEVEL # 3
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. B C C D A B D D D B A B B A, B B C B A D D
Q.No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. A C C C C A A A A  Q, B  Q, C  S A  Q, B  R, C  P, D  R
LEVEL # 4
Section-A
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Ans. B B D A B C D B C B C D D C B D A C A A C C C C D B A
Section-B
v2 N
1.[C] tan  = = 1 = tan 45º  = 45º
rg
 
2.[A] si n
g
O L m mg cos a
30º
x dx mg sin   f mg sin 30º f g f
2 a= = = –
dF = dm x  m m 2 m
M 
= × dx × x2 =
L I
L 2f
M 2 1 =
=   xdx = 2 ML2 mR
L
0
if then is no slipping
a =R
3.[D] Since, it is a square lamina
g f 2f
I3 = I4 & I1 = I2 – =
2 m m
From  axis theorem
I0 = I1 + I2 = I3 + I4 3f g
=
I0 = 2I2 = 2I3 m 2
I2 = I3 mg
f =
Rather we can say I1 = I2 = I3 = I4 6
I0 = I1 + I2 = I1 + I3 = I1 + I4 = I2 + I3 3
L f  fmax.  mg cos 30º  mg
4.[A] L = mvr  v = 2
mr Hence friction is upwards and the disc has linear
2
 L  acceleration is in upward direction.
m  8.[A]
mv 2  mr  L2 1
T= = = × 3 A
r r m r
T  r–3 n = –3 C D
v2 A B
5.[B] ac = k2 r t2 =  v2 = k2 r2 t2
r
v=krt C
 
D
p= F . v B
dv IAB = I AB
=ma.v = kr = aT
dt ICD = I CD
= m (kr) × k r t I AB + I AB = I C.D + I CD
P = mk2r2t
6.[A] Ix + I y = I2 2IAB = 2ICD
Ix = I y IAB = ICD
Iz = 1.6 Ma2 ICD = I
I 9.[C] L0 = Lcom + M( x + y )
Ix = z = 0.8 Ma2
2 = I + MR (R)
IAB = Ix + M(2a)2 = 0.8 Ma2 + 4Ma2 = 4.8 Ma2 MR 2
7.[A] Under the given condition only possibility is =  + MR2 
2
that friction is upwards and it accelerates
3
downwards as shown below = MR2 
2
17.[A]
10.[D] L = 2R
Q
L
R= C
2
MI about an axis passing through O & parallel P
to XX.
MR 2 VQ > VC > VP
I0 =
2 In case of pure rolling bottom most point is the
MR 2 instantaneous centre of zero velocity.
I xx  = + MR2
2 18.[B]  = m ( r × v )
3
= MR2 Direction of r × v is the direction of angular
2
momentum (J) it remain constant.
3 L2 19.[D] Iwhole = Iremaining + Iremoved
= (L)
2 4 2 Iremaining = Iwhole – Iremoved
3
3L  1  R  2 m  2R  2 
= 1
8 2 Irem. = × 9m R2 –  m      ...(1)
2  2  3  2 3  
mv 2 mv 2 
11.[A] N + mg =  N= – mg 2
r r 9M R
m=    =M ....(2)
For N to be max, r has to be least R 2
3
12.[A] Mass of the whole disc = 4M
Using (1) & (2)
MI of disc about given axis
I = 4MR2
1
= (4M) R2 = 2MR2 2 Mr 2
2 20.[A] MR2 = + Mr2
5 2
2MR 2 MR 2
MI of quarter section = = 2 3
4 2 MR2 = Mr2
5 2
13.[B] mg sin component is always down the plane
2
whether, it is rolling up or rolling down r= R
therefore, for no slipping sense of angular 15
acceleration should also be same in both the 21.[D]
cases. Hence force of friction always act
upward. 
L
14.[C] Angular momentum of particle is constant about
the centre of circle.  T
15.[C] I11 = I22

mg
  M 2 
Mv = 2   
2  4 
  T cos  = mg
v
= T sin  = m2L sin 
L
T = m2L
I
16.[C] K = 2 T
2 2 max = max
2 mL
1  
K = (2I)   Tmax 324
2 2 max = = = 324  4
mL 0 .5  0 .5
K
K = = 36 rad/s
2
22.[B,C] In case of pure rolling 28.[A]
mg sin 
f=  
mR 2
1
I P Q  = t
 = t
f  R sin    R sin 
Therefore as  decreases force of friction will  

R R
also decrease. R cos  R cos 
2
1 1 v  3v 2 
23.[D] mv2 + I   = mg   So, vr = 2R sin (t)
2 2 R  4g 
  At t = T/2, vr = 0
So two half cycles will take place.
mR 2 29.[A,B]
I=
2  ˆ
VP  3Rî  (  j)  ( R cos 30î  R sin 30k̂ )
24.[D] Velocity remain constant if net force on a body 2
is zero linear momentum of isolated system is  
= 3Rî  3 Rk̂  Rî
zero. 4 4
2s (1  k 2 / R 2 ) 11 3
25.[D] Time taken t = = R î  Rk̂
g sin  4 4
N
k2
For hollow cylinder =1 f
R2
k2 1 mg
For solid cylinder =
R 2
2 30.[D]
Translation motion :
Solid cylinder reach at bottom first and total KE mg sin  – f = macm ...........(i)
of both the cylinders are identical when they Rotational motion
fR = Icm  ..........(ii)
reach the bottom due to conservation of
Rolling without slipping
mechanical energy. R = acm ........(iii)
26.[B,C] vC > vB > vA From (ii) & (iii)
I a
for pure rolling vA = 0, vB = v, vC = 2v f = cm 2cm
R
|vC – vB| = |vB – vA|, vC – vA = 2 | vB – vC| Put this in (i)
27.[B] Angular momentum about rotational axis I a
mg sin  – cm 2cm = macm
 R
mg sin 
acm =
 Icm 
x v  2  m
R 
x = vt As IP > IQ
L(t) = [I + m(vt) ] 2 So aP < aQ
So, vcm (Q) > vcm (P)
dL t Hence Q > P
 2mv 2 t ;   
dt 31.[C] L0  r0  p
torque  = (2mv2)t 
L0 is always directed along the axis & its
magnitude is constant.
P 33.[8] Conservation of angular momentum
I11 = I22
 
L 'P LP
32.[3]
O P
2R
50  (0.4) 2
× 10
Let mass of original disc = m 2
m m  50  (0.4) 2 
The mass of disc removed = ×R2 = =   [6.25  (0.2) 2 ]  4 2
2
( 4 R ) 4  2 
2 = 8
So M.O.I of remaining section about axis 34.[5]
passing
Elastic
2 2
m ( 2R ) m R 2 m 2  collision
through "O" I0 = –   R 
2  4 ( 2) 4  1
 mR 2  2mR 2   3
 2mR2 –    2   mR
2
8  8 1
 
13 U = Vmin = 5g 1
 mR2
8 At the highest point velocity is
MOI of remaining section about "P"  u 2  2g  2 1
 m ( 2R ) 2  m R2 m 2  5g 1  2g(2 1 )
IP =   m (2 R ) 2  –   5R 
 2   4 ( 2) 4   g 1 
 mR 2 5mR 2  After collision at highest point.
 [2mR2 + 4mR2] –    As collision is elastic and both bodies have
 8 4  same mass so velocities of both get exchange.
11  body velocity = g 1
 6mR2 – mR2
8 g 1 = Vmin required to complete circle
37 g 1 = 5g 2
 mR2
8 1
=5
IP 37 8 2
= × 3
IO 8 13
LEVEL # 5
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Ans. C C A D D A B B C A A A B B B A C A C D D C C C D C
Q.No. 27 28 29 30 31
Ans. C B D C B

Rotational Motion

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Rotational Motion

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PHYSICS STUDY MATERIAL

MAGNETIC EFFECT OF CURRENT

1. Students are advised to solve the questions of exercises (Levels # 1, 2, 3, 4) in the

1. ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT 2. ANGULAR VELOCITY

O  Types of Angular Velocity :

(i) With constant velocity a = 0, s = ut  = 0 ,  = t

This is the magnitude of centripetal

v4 If  is the angle made by [Note angle between

(i) In non-uniform circular motion : v2 F

(b) Tension at point B :

Also TA = 6 mg, TB = 0, TC = 3 mg Rsin

(d) If 2g < u < 5g 

(b) Theorem of parallel axes :-

FORMULAE FOR THE MOMENT OF INERTIA OF REGULAR BODIES

(1) Circular Ring 1) Passes through the

(2) Circular disc 1) Passing through

3) Hollow a) about its

(7) Solid sphere

(a) Moment of inertia of square plate Ma 2

(b) Momentum of inertia of cube Ma 2 I2 I1

(c) In a triangle , M.I. will be If AC > B C > AB, IAB

(d) In triangle , M.I. will be maximum If 1 < 2 < 3 I2

(e) Greater the mass away from axis

z i) The handle of screw driver is taken thick.

= ¼The component of force perpendicular (k) Work done by torque = d 

remains conserved when no external force acts

13.1 Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum

14. KINETIC ENERGY OF ROTATION

(a) The energy due to rotational motion of a body is

(b) If I be moment and inertia of body about axis of

point B is vlinear = 2gh 2gh

(d) Linear acceleration on reaching the lowest point

decrement in angular acceleration will be - Sol.(A) I = M   + M (2R)2 + M  

Ex.27 A mass m hangs from the rim of a wheel of

Ex.28 The M.I. of rod of length 1.5 m and mass

(A) .15 (B) 0.25 the plate is -

O 3 rope. The linear acceleration of the bucket will

P Ex.52 Point masses M1 and M2 are placed at the ends

(A) 3g/L (B) g / 3L of a rigid rod of length  and negligible mass.

Q.13 When a body rotates about an axis the quantity Questions

Q.26 A particle rests on the top of a hemisphere of

Q.19 If a rigid body a point rotates 60º in 6 minutes

Q.28 A particle moves in a circle of radius 25 cm at

Q.41 What happens to centripital force of a

Q.92 A circular disc A of radius r is made from an

Q.107 The three similar torque () are acting at an Questions

Q.13 The equation of motion of a particle moving on

Q.33 A smooth uniform rod of length L and mass M

(A) 4=23 (B) 4 = 22

Q.38 A disc of mass M and radius R is suspended in a

Q.6 A particle is projected with a speed u at an

Q.40 A thin rod of length l and mass m is suspended O

Q.23 Statement-I: When a planet is at maximum Insect

Q.26 Statement I : If bodies slide down an inclined

Q.14 A 'T' shaped object with dimensions shown in

along the sides AB, BC and AC respectively. If L

Q.21 A solid cylinder of mass 50 kg and radius 0.5 m

15.[C] I11 = I22

Therefore as  decreases force of friction will  

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