ORM

Session 03: Hibernate Queries

Design by: DieuNT1

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 Lecture Topic
01 Queries Intro
02 Native SQL
03 HQL
04 Proxy Object
05 Get and Load Method
06 Persist, Save, Merge, Update,
SaveOrUpdate

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 Lecture 01

QUERIES INTRO

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Queries Intro
 The Hibernate Query Language (HQL) and Java
Persistence Query Language (JPQL) are both object model
focused query languages similar in nature to SQL.

 JPQL is a heavily-inspired-by subset of HQL.

 A JPQL query is always a valid HQL query, however the

reverse is not true.

 Both HQL and JPQL are non-type-safe ways to perform

query operations. Criteria queries offer a type-safe approach
to querying.

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 Lecture 02

NATIVE SQL

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Native SQL
 Scalar queries:

 Entity queries:

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Native SQL
 Name SQL query

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 Lecture 03

HQL

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Hibernate Query Language (HQL)
 Syntax is quite similar to database SQL language
 Uses class name instead of table name, and property
names instead of column name

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Hibernate Query Language
 Update a stock name to “DIALOG1″ where stock code is
“7277″

 Delete a stock where stock code is “7277″

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 Lecture 04

PROXY OBJECT

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Proxy Object
 An object proxy is just a way to avoid retrieving an object
until you need it.

 Is used to substitute an actual entity POJO (Plain Old Java

Object).

 The Proxy class is generated at runtime and it extends the

original entity class.

 Uses Proxy objects for entities is for to allow lazy loading.

 When accessing basic properties on the Proxy, it simply

delegates the call to the original entity.
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 Lecture 05

GET AND LOAD METHOD

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Get and Load Method
 In hibernate, get() and load() are two methods which is used
to fetch data for the given identifier.
 They both belong to Hibernate session class.
 Get() method return null, If no row is available in the session
cache or the database for the given identifier whereas load()
method throws object not found exception.
// Get Example
User user = (User) session.get(User.class, new Integer(2));

// Load Example
User user = (User) session.load(User.class, new Integer(2));

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Get and Load Method
 Difference Between get() and load()
Key Get() Load()

Basic It is used to fetch data from the It is also used to fetch data from the
database for the given identifier database for the given identifier

Null Object It object not found for the given It will throw object not found exception
identifier then it will return null object

Lazy or Eager It returns fully initialized object so this It always returns proxy object so this
loading method eager load the object method is lazy load the object

Performance It is slower than load() because it return It is slightly faster.

fully initialized object which impact the
performance of the application

Use Case If you are not sure that object exist then If you are sure that object exist then use
use get() method load() method
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 Lecture 06

PERSIST, SAVE, MERGE, UPDATE,

SAVEORUPDATE

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Persist, Save, Merge, Update, SaveOrUpdate
 States of Entity Instances
 Transient: this instance is not, and never was, attached
to a Session; this instance has no corresponding rows in
the database; it's usually just a new object that you have
created to save to the database.
 Persistent: this instance is associated with a
unique Session object; upon flushing the Session to the
database, this entity is guaranteed to have a
corresponding consistent record in the database.
 Detached: this instance was once attached to
a Session (in a persistent state), but now it’s not; an
instance enters this state if you evict it from the context,
clear or close the Session, or put the instance through
serialization/deserialization process.
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Persist, Save, Merge, Update, SaveOrUpdate
 Persist
The persist method is intended for adding a new entity
instance to the persistence context, i.e. transitioning an
instance from transient to persistent state.

Person person = new Person();

person.setName("John");
session.persist(person);

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Persist, Save, Merge, Update, SaveOrUpdate
 Save
The save method is an “original” Hibernate method that does
not conform to the JPA specification.
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("John");
Long id = (Long) session.save(person);

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Persist, Save, Merge, Update, SaveOrUpdate
 Merge
The main intention of the merge method is to update
a persistent entity instance with new field values from
a detached entity instance

Person person = new Person();

person.setName("John");
session.save(person);

session.evict(person);
person.setName("Mary");

Person mergedPerson = (Person) session.merge(person);

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Persist, Save, Merge, Update, SaveOrUpdate
 Update
As with persist and save, the update method is an “original”
Hibernate method that was present long before
the merge method was added. Its semantics differs in several
key points:
 it acts upon passed object (its return type is void); the update method
transitions the passed object from detached to persistent state;
 this method throws an exception if you pass it a transient entity.

Person person = new Person();

person.setName("John");
session.save(person);
session.evict(person);

person.setName("Mary");
session.update(person);

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Persist, Save, Merge, Update, SaveOrUpdate
 SaveOrUpdate
This method appears only in the Hibernate API and does not
have its standardized counterpart. Similar to update, it also
may be used for reattaching instances.

Person person = new Person();

person.setName("John");
session.saveOrUpdate(person);

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 Thank you

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