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Reheat Rankine March4
Reheat Rankine March4
Reheat Rankine March4
RANKINE
CYCLE
HOW CAN WE INCREASE THE
EFFICIENCY OF THE RANKINE CYCLE?
The basic idea behind all the modifications to increase the thermal efficiency
of a power cycle is the same: Increase the average temperature at which heat is
transferred to the working fluid in the boiler, or decrease the average
temperature at which heat is rejected from the working fluid in the condenser.
5 4
1. Heat added in the Boiler , QA :
Energy Balance:
Energy In = Energy Out
QReater QA + h2 + h6 = h1 + h3
QA = h1 + h3 - h2 - h6
s1 = s2
QPrimary P1 = P6 QA total = (h1 – h6 )+ ( h3 – h2 ), ( kJ/kg)
P2 = P3
--------- QA total = 𝑚ሶ [(h1 – h6 )+ ( h3 – h2 )], kW
s3 = s4
QA primary = 𝑚ሶ [(h1 – h6 ), kW
P4 = P 5
QA reheater = 𝑚ሶ [(h3 – h2 ), kW
2. Turbine Work
Energy Balance:
h1 = h2 + WHPT
WHPT
WHPT = h1 - h2 , kJ/kg
WHPT = 𝑚(
ሶ h1 - h2) , kW
s1 = s2
P1 = P6
WLPT = h3 - h4 , kJ/kg
WLPT
P2 = P3
--------- s3 = s4 WLPT = 𝑚(
ሶ h3 - h4) , kW
P4 = P 5 WT = WHPT + WLPT
WP WP = 𝑚ሶ (h6 - h5 ), kW
s1 = s2
WP = v5( P6- P5), kJ/kg
P1 = P6
kJ/kg
P2 = P3
--------- Enthalpy, h6:
s3 = s4
h6 = WP + h5
Energy Balance:
QR = h4 – h5, ( kJ/kg)
s1 = s2 QR = 𝑚ሶ (h4 – h5), kW
QPrimary P1 = P6
WLPT 5. Work Net, WNET :
P2 = P3
---------
s3 = s4
Wnet = WT – WP = QA – QR
Steam is the working fluid in an ideal rankine cycle with superheat and
reheat. Steam enters the first stage turbine at 8 MPa and 480 oC and
expands at 0.7MPa. It is then reheated at 440 oC before entering the
second stage turbine, where it expands to the condenser pressure of
0.008MPa. The net power output is 100MW.
Wp = 8.06 kJ/kg
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑊𝑇 −𝑊𝑃 1531.4− 8.06
𝒆𝒕𝒉 = = =
3777.96
= 𝟒𝟎. 𝟑𝟒%
𝑄𝐴 𝑄𝐴
b. mass flow rate of steam, 𝑚ሶ in kg/h
Wcycle = 𝑚ሶ Wnet
𝑊𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
𝑚ሶ =
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇
100,000 𝑘𝐽/𝑠
𝑚ሶ = x 3600s/hr
1523.34 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔
𝑚ሶ = 236,322.82 𝑘𝑔/ℎ𝑟
SOLUTION:
@ State 3: P3= 0.4 MPa, 400 oC
@ State 1: P1= 4.0 MPa, 600oC, SH h3 = 3273.4 kJ /kg and s3= 7.8985 kJ/kg-K
h1 = 3674.4 kJ /kg and s1= 7.3688 kJ/kg-K
@ State 4: P4= 0.01 MPa, (s3 = s4) → SLVM
@ State 2: P1= 0.4MPa, s1 = s2 sf < s4 < sg
s2 = 7.3688 kJ/kg-K > sg = 6.8959 kJ/kg-K, Sf = 0.6493 kJ/kg-K, Sfg = 7.5009 kJ/kg-K,
s2 > sg , SH hf = 191.83 kJ/kg, hfg = 2392.8 kJ/kg ,
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑊𝑇 −𝑊𝑃
𝒆𝒕𝒉 = =
𝑄𝐴 𝑄𝐴
1483.61−4.03
=
3791.98
= 0.3902 , 39.02%
3600
𝑑 . 𝑆𝑅 =
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡
3600
𝑆𝑅 = 1483.61−4.03= 2.43 kg/kW-hr