RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

WHY DO WE NEED TO BREATHE?

What is Human Respiration?

• The human respiratory system allows one to obtain oxygen, eliminate carbon dioxide.
• The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen and
to deliver oxygen – rich blood to all parts of the body.
• Breathing consists of two phases, inspiration and expiration.
▪ Inspiration – the process of taking in air
▪ Expiration – the process of blowing out air
PARTS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1) NOSE – is the gateway of the respiratory system/ passageway for air
2) NASAL CAVITY – filters, warms and moistens the air
3) MOUTH – passageway for food and air
4) EPIGLOTTIS – covers larynx during swallowing
5) PHARYNX (THROAT) – common passageway for air, food and liquid, lead to trachea
6) LARYNX – the voice box, where the vocal chords are located
7) TRACHEA/ WINDPIPE – main airway/ it is lined with fine hairs called cilia which filters air before
it reaches the lungs
8) PLEURAL MEMBRANE – cover the lungs and line the chest cavity
9) LUNGS – organ for gas exchange
10) BRONCHI – two branches at the end of the trachea, each lead to a lung/ branching airway
11) BRONCHIOLES – the finer subdivisions of the bronchi/ hairlike tubes that connects to the alveoli/
a network of smaller branches leading from the bronchi into the lung tissues and ultimately to air
sacs
12) ALVEOLI/ AIR SACS – allow the gas exchange in the lungs/ the functional respiratory units in the
lung where gases are exchanged
13) DIAPHRAGM – controls the process of breathing