RESEARCH IN ARCHTECTURE I

MONSOON 2018 – SEMESTER VII

ASSIGNMENT NO 1: RESEARCH PAPER

NAME – BHAPKAR RUSHIKESH RAJENDRA

GUIDE NAME – AR. RAJSHREE PATIL
RESEARCH TOPIC- FEASIBILITY OF KINETIC FACADE FOR RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS IN INDIAN CONTEXT
DATE OF SUBMISSION –4TH AUGUST, 2018.

INTRODUCTION
For the past few decades, there is increasing interest among architects and engineers in kinetic
facades. They are generally applied on high rise building envelope. A kinetic façade could
generally be identified as a convertible object dynamically occupying a physical space or a
moving physical object that can share a common physical space to create new adaptable spatial
configuration (cf. Fox M., Miles K, p.27). The word “kinetic” comes from the ancient Greek
word țȚȞȘIJȚțȩȢ - Kinetikos, “one who sets in motion” (Gasparini, 2012). Façades
characterised by moving elements are thus defined as kinetic façades or dynamic façades.
Within contemporary architecture, there is a growing interest in motion buildings and their
components are gradually shifting from static to dynamic to improve performance and
occupant satisfaction (Goia et al., 2013).
AIM
To study kinetic facades for Residential buildings with use of materials and their forms.

OBJECTIVE

 To find out different materials available and its used in kinetic façade construction.
 To understand the criteria for selection of material for a particular building.
 To find materials suitable for climatic conditions.
 To explore different forms of same material used.
 To find out the reason for non-popularity of kinetic facades in Pune region.

RESEARCH QUESTION
1. On what criteria are materials been chosen for kinetic facades?
2. Introduce a script that can be used as a parametric design tool for enhancing kinetic
facades performance in natural lighting through evaluating the effect of louvers
configuration to achieve a balance point between sufficient illuminance level and light
uniformity in space.
3. Determine the optimum hourly pattern for two louvers movements (vertical transition
and rotation) in order to enhance daylight performance in three critical days of the
year.Which material is used the most? why?
4. Why kinetic facades are non-popular in our countries as compared to other countries?
METHODOLOGY
 Collection of primary data from internet needs to be the first step.
 Identifying 3 different kinetic facades/openings for Residential building with different
materials.
 Comparing the boons and curse of each material in accordance to Indian factures.
 Carry out interviews with the occupants about their point of view on the same.
 An analysis of the kinetic south façade is based on a parametric approach to achieve
the optimum daylight performance on the work plane grid. An exhaustive simulation
is used to track the effect of every change on the daylight performance.
 Finally, analysing and comparing between the best and worst results with relation to
the base case that has no shading devices.
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
 The case studies will include Residential buildings only.
 The study is restricted to the material pattern only and not any other aspect related to
kinetic facades.
 All the factors related to material such as forms, pattern, color, cost, availability etc
will be included.
 Measuring tools for comparing materials include- use, cost and look of a particular
material.
SIGNIFICANCE
Interactive architecture plays an increasingly important role in today’s building practice. This
includes design and implementation of kinetic facades. Facade design is all about materials
used. Hence, it is very important for us to understand the use of different materials and purpose
of the same.
This also includes exploring more and more materials and techniques used to install them.
Kinetic facades not only add to the aesthetic of the building but also helps to meet energy
requirements especially in office buildings and the energy requirements there are really high.
They also help oneself to express their emotions or feelings through it by making use of
different colors, forms, textures, pattern etc.
EXPECTED OUTCOME
Understanding about Kinetic Façade suitable for Residential building in Indian context. The
simplicity and the intelligent behavioral system application are the key to successful and
effective kinetic façade design. Making the right decision and choosing right material which
serves the objective is significant in developing kinetic facades
BIBLOGRAPHY
 Banham, R. The Architecture of the Well-Tempered Environment; University of
Chicago Press: Chicago, IL, USA, 1984.
 Hawkes, D.; McDonald, J.; Steemers, K. The Selective Environment: An Approach to
Environmentally Responsive Architecture; Taylor and Francis: London, UK, 2001.
 Hawkes, D.; Owers, J. The Architecture of Energy; Longman: London, UK, 1982.
 Poirazis, H.H. Double Skin Facades for Office Buildings, Literature Review;
University of Lund: Lund, Sweden, 2004.
 Arnheim, R. (1954). Art and visual perception.
 Berkeley: University of California Press Cacciari, M., Donà, M. (2000).
 Arte, tragedia, tecnica. Milan: Raffaello Cortina. Fox, M., Miles, K. (2009).

Page | 1
 RESEARCH IN ARCHTECTURE I
MONSOON 2018 – SEMESTER VII
ASSIGNMENT NO 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
LITERATURE REVIEW 1
TOPIC: Kinetic Shading Systems as means of optimizing energy load.
AUTHOR: Alreza Sahanara, Antonio Foravanti, Sapienza University of Rome.
The Author speaks about how kinetic facades can act as a solution in Residential
buildings to save energy on large scale, within contemporary architecture, there is a growing
interest in motion building and their components are state to dynamic to improve
performance and occupant satisfaction. Building façade plays a vital role in reducing
artificial lighting and heat triangle effect.
Daylight performance of buildings were recorded. After studying this a particular
parameter pattern was created to be used as an excellent daylight supply of daylight as a
folding pattern for Residential building. Buildings using biomimicry. A façade folding
pattern was designed using lotus plant as an inspiration to create a pattern.
The author has presented a bio inspired geometric pattern design inspired form
lotus driven by daylight performance.
LITRATURE REVIEW 2
TOPIC : Climate based façade design for business buildings with examples for central
London
AUTHOR : Jhon Napire
Member of department of architecture in the university of London.
This research paper mainly focuses on the relationship between commercial
architecture and sustainable architecture ideas. It also seems to study about different types of
facades used in business buildings and the energy consumption required for them .It about
NEAR ZERO ENERGY PROFILE’ in building which could be obtained by use of author
examines energy requirement in different climatic conditions strategies useful for the sum.
He speaks about different faced treatment and types for adopting to different climatic
conditions. He tend to carry out some case studies from central London on in order to
understand more about facades in detail and climatic requirement of that particular area and
designs effective approach to designing a building envelope in the case of shading to provide
convenient to provide natural light and ventilation. The case Environment in this paper are
evidence of the prefabrication of this type of systems

LITRATURE REVIEW 3
TOPIC: Design Consideration for adopting kinetic facades in building Practice
AUTHOR: Kamil Sharaidin, Flora Salim.
Studies in RMT University Australia.

Page | 2
 He is the author /editor of 50 books and over 300 research paper on the field of
architecture For the past for decades, these is been an increasing among architects and
engineers in kinetic facades that adopt to the changing climate conditions and building
occupant needs. Despite the popularity of kinetic facades prior to construction. The author
examines design implementation of kinetic facades in real world precise from the stage. the
investigation will explore different types of kinetic façades to built design parameters of 3
buildings.
The speck sabot early design decision which limits an architect in tools
implementation and
Strategic one of the major factors one need to remote about build kinetic faced
LITERATURE REVIEW 4
Topic: The role of kinetic envelopes to improve energy performance to buildings
Author: Fahad Alotaibi, Alberta, Canada
He is a member in department of architectural studies in Saudi Arebia and is also a well-
known researcher.
The paper mostly focuses on environmental performance of kinetic facades in
buildings by
Reviewing current practices. The author’s aim was to review the current practices and
development of kinetic envelope for which he carried out their case studies of existing
buildings using kinetic facades and also investigated literature based on the same. His view
as to find why kinetic facades are used and what scale they play to improve environmental
performance of a building. This conclusion shows that there is a reasonable amount of energy
saving by using kinetic facades and it helps the building to be climate responsive which
increases the efficiency and saves energy.
Performance features stated by him says that the building consumes the energy
compound to a typical office building. The kinetic facades prove to be effective approach to
designing a building envelope in the case of shading to provide natural light into the building.

Page | 3