VERBAL TENSES

(to study) POSITIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE TRANSLATION USES

SIMPLE I study I don’t study Do I study? Estudio -Facts and
PRESENT She studies She doesn’t Does she study? states
study -Habits and
repeated
actions
-Stative
verbs
PRESENT I am I’m not Am I studying? Estoy -Actions in
CONTINUOUS studying studying Is she studying? estudiando progress in
She is She isn’t the present
studying studying -Planned
future
SIMPLE PAST I studied I didn’t Did I study? Estudié -completed
She studied study Did she study? actions in
She didn’t the past
study
PAST I was I wasn’t Was I studying? Estaba/Estuve -Actions in
CONTINUOUS studying studying Was she estudiando progress in
She was She wasn’t studying? the past
studying studying
PRESENT I have I haven’t Have I studied? He estudiado -Past actions
PERFECT studied studied Has she that
SIMPLE She has She hasn’t studied? continue in
studied studied the present
-Past actions
that have an
effect in the
present
-Past
experiences
PRESENT I have been I haven’t Have I been He estado (As in the
PERFECT studying been studying? estudiando present
CONTINUOUS She has studying Has she been perfect but
been She hasn’t studying? focusing in
studying been the duration
studying of the
action)
PAST I had I hadn’t Had I studied? Había -Action that
PERFECT studied studied Had she estudiado happened
SIMPLE She had She hadn’t studied? before
studied studied another
action in the
past
PAST I had been I hadn’t Had I been Había estado -Focusing in
PERFECT studying been studying? estudiando the duration
CONTINUOUS She had studying Had she been of an action
been She hadn’t studying? that
studying been happened
 studying before
another
action in the
past
FUTURE I will study I won’t Will I study? Estudiaré -Actions that
“WILL” She will study Will she study? will happen
study She won’t in a general
study future
-Predictions
based on
personal
opinion
GOING TO I am going I’m not Am I going to Voy a -future
to study going to study? estudiar (intention)
She is going study Is she going to -Predictions
to study She isn’t study? based on
going to evidence
study
PERFECT I will have I won’t have Will I have Habré -Action that
FUTURE studied studied studied? estudiado will have
She will She won’t Will she have happened
have have studied? some time in
studied studied the future
FUTURE I will be I won’t be Will I be Estaré -Action that
CONTINUOUS studying studying studying? estudiando will be
She will be She won’t Will she be happening
studying be studying studying? some time in
the future
CONDITIONAL I would I wouldn’t Would I study? Estudiaría
“WOULD” study study Would she
She would She study?
study wouldn’t
study
PERFECT I would
CONDITIONAL have
studied
She would
have
studied
SHOULD I should -Advice
study
She should
study
OUGHT TO I ought to I ought not -Advice
study to study --------------------
She ought She ought
to study not to study
MUST I must study I mustn’t Must I study? -Obligation
She must study Must she
study She mustn’t study?
study
HAVE TO I have to -Obligation
study
She has to
study
CAN I can study -Permission
She can .Ability
study
NEED TO I need to -Necessity
study
She needs
to study