UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC MANAGEMENT

EXAMINATIONS FOR BACHELOR OF COMMMERCE AND

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

BAM 1205 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES AND ETHICS

EVENING

DATE: AUGUST, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One and Any Other Two Questions

QUESTION ONE

a) Many developing countries have remained poor in spite of a number of poverty

eradication initiatives over the past decade. However the poverty situation has
deteriorated in these countries in the recent past. Using appropriate theories of
development discuss why this situation obtains (10 Marks).

b) Use the theories of development to explain the pattern of development among nations
the third world (10 Marks).

c) Population is crucial for development. Discuss (10 Marks).

QUESTION TWO
a) The government of Kenya is implementing an ambitious ‘Big Four’ agenda focussing
on healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing and housing. Using an appropriate theory of
development justify why such initiatives are critical for long term development
(10 Marks).
b) The quest for sustainable development has gained traction with policy makers around
the world. In this regard, the sustainable development goals where inaguared to replace
the less effective millennium development goals. Discuss what developing countries
need to achieve these goals (10 Marks).

QUESTION THREE
(a) Study Fig. 1 which shows the population of the world and selected areas.
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 Population (millions)

2015 2030 2050 2100

(estimate) (estimate) (estimate)

World 7349 8501 9725 11 213

Africa 1186 1679 2478 4 387

Asia 4393 4923 5267 4 889

Europe 738 734 707 646

Latin America and the Caribbean 634 721 784 721

North America 358 396 433 500

(i) Using Fig. 2, describe how the population of the world is expected to change
between 2015 and 2100. (5 Marks)

(ii) Which area is expected to more than double its population between 2015 and
2100?
(5 Marks).
(iii) Discuss the sustainable development goals and outline how they be achieved
(10 Marks)

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QUESTION FOUR
Read Study the figure below which is an extract from ‘How to feed the world in 2050’.

In order to feed this larger population, food production must increase by 70%. Annual cereal
production will need to rise to about 3 billion tonnes from 2.1 billion today and annual meat
production will need to rise by over 200 million tonnes to reach 470 million tonnes.

Urbanisation will bring with it changes in lifestyles and consumption patterns. In

combination with income growth, it may lead to diets in developing countries becoming
more varied.

a) Identify why the demand for food supplies is likely to change. (5 Marks).
b) Up to 40% of food produced in the developing world is wasted before it reaches the

market. Suggest how this loss could be reduced. (5 Marks)

(d) Explain why the families of many subsistence farmers in traditional societies are
malnourished. (10 Marks)

QUESTION FIVE

a) Ethical issues have been a great challenge to the Kenyan people. In fact issues
concerning ethics are contained in chapter six of the Kenyan constitution. Discuss how
societies like Kenya can develop an ethical culture (10 Marks).
b) Discuss the relationship between the health status of a nation and that country’s level
of development. (10 Marks).