NASP SAFETY DIPLOMA

RISK ASSESSMENT U ‫ﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻌﻣل‬

Introduction: :‫ﻣﻘدﻣﺔ‬
A risk assessment is nothing more than a
‫ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ھو أﻛﺛر ﺷﻲء ﻣن دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺗﺄﻧﯾﺔ ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾﻣﻛن‬
careful examination of what could cause
harm to people, so that you can weigh-up ‫ ﺑﺣﯾث ﯾﻣﻛﻧك ﻣﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﻧت‬،‫أن ﺗﺳﺑب ﺿررا ﻟﻠﻧﺎس‬
whether you have taken enough
‫ﻗد اﺗﺧذت اﻻﺣﺗﯾﺎطﺎت اﻟﻛﺎﻓﯾﺔ أو ﯾﺟب إن ﺗﻔﻌل اﻟﻣزﯾد‬
precautions or should do more to prevent
harm. The aim is to make sure that no ‫ واﻟﮭدف ﻣن ذﻟك ھو اﻟﺗﺄﻛد ﻣن أﻧﺔ ﻻ ﯾﺻﺎب‬.‫ﻟﻣﻧﻊ اﻟﺿرر‬
one gets hurt or become ill.
.‫أﺣد أو ﯾﻣرض‬
The important things you need to decide
are whether a hazard is significant, and ‫اﻷﻣور اﻟﮭﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج إﻟﻰ أن ﺗﻘرر ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎﻧت ھﻲ‬
whether you have it covered by
‫ وﻋﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻟدﯾك ﻣرض ﻣﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺻدر ﺧطر ﻛﺑﯾر‬
satisfactory precautions so that the risk is
small. You need to check this when you ‫ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج‬.‫اﻻﺣﺗﯾﺎطﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻐطﯾﮭﺎ ﺑﺣﯾث ﯾﺻﺑﺢ ﺧطر ﺻﻐﯾر‬
assess the risks. For instance, electricity
‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل‬.‫إﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﺣﻘق ﻣن ھذا ﻋﻧد ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
can kill but the risk of it doing so in an
office environment is remote, provided ‫ ﯾﻣﻛن ﻟﻠﻛﮭرﺑﺎء أن ﺗﻘﺗل ﻟﻛن ﯾﻘل اﻟﺧطر ﻣن اﻟﻘﯾﺎم‬،‫اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬
that live components are insulated and
‫ ﺷرﯾطﺔ أن ﺗﻛون اﻷﺳﻼك‬،‫ﺑذﻟك ﻓﻲ ﺑﯾﺋﺔ اﻟﻣﻛﺗب وﻋن ﺑﻌد‬
metal casings properly earthed.
Risk assessment should be undertaken ‫ﻣﻌزوﻟﺔ وﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻶﺟﮭزة ﻣوﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻵرﺿﻰ ﺑﺷﻛل‬
systematically so as to ensure that all
.‫ﺻﺣﯾﺢ‬
significant hazards and risks are
identified and, where appropriate, ‫وﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ إﺟراء ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﺑﺷﻛل ﻣﻧﮭﺟﻲ ﻟﺿﻣﺎن أن ﯾﺗم‬
controls are put in place to either
،‫ وﻋﻧد اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء‬،‫ﺗﺣدﯾد ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻷﺧطﺎر واﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻛﺑﯾرة‬
eliminate the risk or reduce it “as far as
reasonably practicable” ‫ووﺿﻊ ﺿواﺑط ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ إﻣﺎ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر أو اﻟﺣد ﻣﻧﮫ‬
"‫"ﺑﻘدر ﻣﺎ ﯾﻣﻛن ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎ‬
What is a Hazard?
A hazard is anything which can cause you
harm. For example: Oven cleaning
chemicals, electricity, working on
ladders, etc.
What is a Risk?
Risk is the chance, great or small, that
someone will be harmed by the Hazard.
For example: If you are cleaning the oven
with corrosive cleaner without gloves and
apron there is a great risk of being
harmed, whereas if you wear all the
protective clothing and gloves and adhere
to all safety precautions the risk is low. If
you change the chemical to a safer type
and adhere to all precautions the risk will
be even lower.
Five Steps to Risk Assessment
1. Look for the Hazards
2. Decide who might be harmed and
how
3. Evaluate the risks and decide
whether the existing precautions
are adequate or whether more
should be done
4. Record your findings
5. Review your assessment and revise
it if necessary.
‫ﻣﺎ ھو اﻟﺧطر؟‬
‫ ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫اﻟﺧطر ھو أي ﺷﻲء ﯾﻣﻛن أن ﯾﺳﺑب ﻟك اﻟﺿرر‬
،‫ اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺗﻧظﯾف اﻟﻔرن واﻟﻛﮭرﺑﺎء‬:‫ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬
.‫ اﻟﺦ‬،‫واﻟﻌﻣل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳﻼﻟم‬
‫ﻣﺎ ھﻲ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر؟‬
‫ ﻣن ﺷﺄﻧﮭﺎ أن‬،‫ ﻛﺑﯾرة أو ﺻﻐﯾرة‬،‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ھﻲ اﻟﻔرﺻﺔ‬
‫ إذا ﻛﻧت ﺗﻘوم‬:‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬.‫ﺗﻌرض اﻷﺷﺧﺎص ﻟﻸذى‬
‫ﺑﺗﻧظﯾف اﻟﻔرن ﺑﻣﺎدة ﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ دون ﻗﻔﺎزات ﻓﮭﻧﺎك ﺧطر‬
‫ ﺑﯾﻧﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﻧت ﺗرﺗدي ﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬،‫ﻛﺑﯾر ﻣن اﻟﺗﻌرض ﻟﻸذى‬
‫اﻟﻣﻼﺑس اﻟواﻗﯾﺔ واﻟﻘﻔﺎزات واﻻﻟﺗزام ﺑﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﺣﺗﯾﺎطﺎت‬
‫ إذا ﻗﻣت ﺑﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬.‫اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﺄن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﺗﺻﺑﺢ ﻣﻧﺧﻔﺿﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺎدة اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻧوع أﻛﺛر أﻣﻧﺎ واﻻﻟﺗزام ﺑﻛل‬
.‫اﻻﺣﺗﯾﺎطﺎت ﺳوف ﯾﻛون ﺧطر أﻗل ﻣن ذﻟك ﺑﻛﺛﯾر‬
‫ﺧﻣس ﺧطوات ﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
.‫ اﺑﺣث ﻋن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬.1
.‫ ﺗﺣدﯾد ﻣن اﻟذﯾن ﻗد ﯾﺗﻌرﺿون ﻟﻸذى وﻛﯾف‬.2
‫ ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر وﺗﻘرﯾر ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎﻧت اﻻﺣﺗﯾﺎطﺎت‬.3
.‫اﻟﻣوﺟودة ﻛﺎﻓﯾﺔ أو ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ ﻋﻣل اﻟﻣزﯾد‬
.‫ ﺗﺳﺟﯾل اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑك‬.4
.‫ ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ وﺗﻧﻘﯾﺢ ﺗﻘﯾﯾﻣك إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر‬.5

1. Look for Hazards:

:‫ اﻟﺑﺣث ﻋن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬.1
Walk around the workplace and look
afresh at what could reasonably be ‫اﻟﺗﺟول ﺣول ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻣل ﻣن ﺟدﯾد وﻧظرة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﯾﻣﻛن‬
expected to cause harm, ask a colleague
‫ اطﻠب ﻣن زﻣﯾل‬،‫أن ﯾﺗوﻗﻊ ﺑﺷﻛل ﻣﻌﻘول أن ﯾﺳﺑب ﺿررا‬
or someone from another section or
department to accompany you and ‫أو أي ﺷﺧص ﻣن ﻗﺳم آﺧر أو اﻟﻘﺳم ﻟﻣراﻓﻘﺗك وﺗﺷﺟﯾﻌﮫ‬
encourage him to question your
‫ وﻧﺳﺄل أوﻟﺋك اﻟذﯾن ﯾﻌﻣﻠون‬.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳؤال ﻓﻰ وﺟﮭﺔ ﻧظرك‬
viewpoint. Ask those who work in the
area, what they think, they may have ‫ ﻗد ﺗﻼﺣظ أن ﻟدﯾﮭم اﺷﯾﺎء‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﯾﻔﻛرون ﺑﮫ‬،‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧطﻘﺔ‬
noticed things which are not immediately
.‫ﻟﯾﺳت واﺿﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔور‬
obvious.
Involves the identification of hazards
arising from the tasks or activities being
undertaken:
1. Work at heights, and access
to/egress from it. (e.g. roof-works,
ladders, steps)
2. Work below ground level and in
confined spaces (e.g. tanks, ducts,
trenches).
3. Rider-operated and pedestrian-
controlled vehicles.
4. Manual handling of loads.
5. Work with electricity (portable
tools, extension leads).
6. Substances hazardous to health.
7. Display Screen Equipment (VDUs).
8. Pressure vessels/vacuum works.
9. Flammable liquids and gases.
10. Machinery and plants (machinery
requiring guarding).
11. Grinding/milling machines,
woodworking machines.
12. Portable power tools.
13. Reversing vehicles.
14. Noise.
15. Disposal of special waste.
A draft list of all significant hazards must
be produced before proceeding any
further.
2. Decide Who Might be Harmed:
Requires the assessor to decide who might
be harmed and how. Generally it will be
staff and workers occupying the
workplace but attention must also paid to:
- Contractors.
- Inexperienced staff.
- Visitors.
‫ﯾﻧطوي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺣدﯾد اﻷﺧطﺎر اﻟﻧﺎﺷﺋﺔ ﻋن اﻟﻣﮭﺎم أو‬
:‫اﻷﻧﺷطﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺟري اﻻﺿطﻼع ﺑﮭﺎ‬
.‫ اﻟﺧروج ﻣﻧﮫ‬/ ‫ واﻟوﺻول إﻟﻰ‬،‫ اﻟﻌﻣل ﻋﻠﻰ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬.1
(‫ واﻟدرج‬،‫)ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل اﻟﻌﻣل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﻘف واﻟﺳﻼﻟم‬
‫ اﻟﻌﻣل ﺗﺣت ﻣﺳﺗوى ﺳطﺢ اﻷرض ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺎﻛن اﻟﺿﯾﻘﺔ‬.2
.(‫ اﻟﻘﻧوات واﻟﺧﻧﺎدق‬،‫و)اﻟﺧزﻧﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬
.‫ اﻟﺗﺷﻐﻲ واﻟﺗوﺟﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﺷﺎة واﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﻓﻰ اﻟﺳﯾﺎرات‬.3
.‫ دﻟﯾل اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ اﻷﺣﻣﺎل‬.4
.(‫ واﻟﺗوﺻﯾﻼت‬،‫ اﻟﻌﻣل ﻣﻊ اﻟﻛﮭرﺑﺎء )أدوات اﻟﻣﺣﻣوﻟﺔ‬.5
.‫ اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺧطرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ‬.6
.(VDUs) ‫ ﻋرض ﻣﻌدات اﻟﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬.7
.‫ اﻟﺳﺣب‬/ ‫ أدوات اﻟﺿﻐط‬.8
.‫ اﻟﺳواﺋل واﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺗﻌﺎل‬.9
‫ آﻻت واﻟﺧﻼطﺎت اﻟﻣرﻛزﯾﺔ )آﻻت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗطﻠب‬.10
.(‫ﺣراﺳﺔ‬
.‫ وآﻻت اﻟﻧﺟﺎرة‬،‫ آﻻت اﻟطﺣن‬/ ‫ طﺣن‬.11
.‫ ﻋدد ﻛﮭرﺑﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﺣﻣوﻟﺔ‬.12
.‫ ﻋﻛس اﻟﻣرﻛﺑﺎت‬.13
.‫ اﻟﺿوﺿﺎء‬.14
.‫ اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬.15
‫ﯾﺟب إﻋداد ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻣﺷﺎرﯾﻊ ھﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻷﺧطﺎر ﻗﺑل‬
.‫اﻟﺷروع أﻛﺛر ﻣن ذﻟك‬
:‫ ﺗﺣدﯾد اﻟذﯾن ﻗد ﯾﻛوﻧون اﻟﻣﺗﺿررﯾن‬.2
‫ ﻋﻣوﻣﺎ‬.‫ﯾﺗطﻠب ﻣﻘﯾم ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘرﯾر ﻣن ﯾﻣﻛن أن ﯾﺗﺿرر وﻛﯾف‬
‫ﺳﯾﻛون ﻣن اﻟﻣوظﻔﯾن واﻟﻌﻣﺎل ﯾﺟب أن ﺗدﻓﻊ أﯾﺿﺎ اﻟﺗﺣﻛم‬
:‫ﻓﻰ ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻣل وﻟﻛن اﻻﻧﺗﺑﺎه إﻟﻰ‬
.‫ اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻟون‬-
.‫ اﻟﻣوظﻔﯾن ﻋدﯾﻣﻲ اﻟﺧﺑرة‬-
.‫ اﻟزوار‬-
3-Risk Assessment: :‫ ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬-3
Involves assessment for risk rating, for
‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل ﻋﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬،‫وﯾﺷﻣل اﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾم ﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾف اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
example high, medium or low. There are
different methods for doing this; a ‫ ھﻧﺎك طرق ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﯾﺎم ﺑذﻟك؛‬.‫أو ﻣﺗوﺳطﺔ أو ﻣﻧﺧﻔﺿﺔ‬
popular method establishes a risk rating
‫وﺑوﺳﯾﻠﺔ ﻣﺑﺳطﺔ ﯾؤﺳس ﻋﻠﯩﮭﺎ ﺗﺻﻧﯾف اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻟﻛل‬
for each hazard by multiplying a
"probable frequency rating" by a ‫ﺧطر ﺑﺿرب "ﺗﺻﻧﯾف اﻟﺧطر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣل" ﻓﻰ‬
"severity rating".
."‫"ﺗﺻﻧﯾف اﻟﺧطورة‬
Risk = Probability X Consequence ‫ اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬x ‫اﻟﺧطر = اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ‬
:‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬
Consequences:
If harm was to occur due to the hazards ‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧت اﻻﺿرر اﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﺣدث ﺑﺳﺑب اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗم‬
identified, how serious it would be, e.g.
‫ ﻛم‬،‫ ﻣﻣﯾﺗﺔ اﻟﺦ‬,‫ ﺧطﯾرة‬,‫ وﻛﯾف ﺳﺗﻛون ﺑﺳﯾطﺔ‬،‫ﺗﺣدﯾدھﺎ‬
minor, major, fatality etc. How many
people could be affected? Could any of the ‫ﻣن اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﯾﻣﻛن ان ﺗﺗﺄﺛر؟ ﯾﻣﻛن ﻷي ﻣن اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن أن‬
people be from more vulnerable groups’
‫ وﻓﺋﺎت‬,‫ﯾﻛون ﻣن اﻟﻔﺋﺎت اﻷﻛﺛر ﺿﻌﻔﺎ ﻣﺛل 'ﻓﺋﺎت اﻟﺷﺑﺎب‬
e.g. young people, lone workers, disabled
etc. .‫ واﻟﻌﺎﻣل اﻟوﺣﯾد اﻟﺦ‬,‫اﻟﻌﻣﺎل‬
Example- Working at Height:
:‫ اﻟﻌﺎﻣل ﻋﻠﻰ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬،‫ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬
If these three workers fell down from
these heights, the consequences will be ‫ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻌواﻗب‬،‫إذا ﺳﻘط ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﻣﺎل ﻣن ﻋﻠﻰ ارﺗﻔﺎع‬
different.
.‫ﺳﺗﻛون ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬
Probability:
How likely it is that in reality the hazards
would cause harm e.g. highly unlikely,
unlikely, likely.
Example – working at height
The probability of falling off an edge is
more likely the closer you are working to
it.
Risk:
For each hazard identified, evaluate the
consequence and probability to gauge the
level of risk. From there, action to reduce
the risk can be planned.
:‫اﺣﺗﻣﺎل‬
‫ﻣن اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣل ھو أن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻓﻲ واﻗﻊ اﻷﻣر ﺳﺗﺳﺑب‬
‫ ﻣن ﻏﯾر‬، ‫ﺿررا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل ﻣن اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣل‬
‫ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺑﻌد ﺟدا‬.،‫اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣل‬
‫ اﻟﻌﻣل ﻓﻲ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬- ‫ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬
.‫اﺣﺗﻣﺎل اﻟﺳﻘوط ﻣن اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣل ﯾﻛون أﻗرب ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻣل ﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬
‫ ﻣﺗر‬15 ‫ ﻣﺗر‬8 ‫ ﻣﺗر‬1
‫ﺷدة اﺣﺗﻣﺎل اﻟﺧطر ﻛﺑﯾرة‬
:‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫ وذﻟك ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﺣﺗﻣﺎل‬،‫ﻟﻛل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗم ﺗﺣدﯾدھﺎ‬
‫ ﯾﻣﻛن اﻟﺗﺧطﯾط‬،‫ ﻣن ھﻧﺎك‬.‫ﻟﻘﯾﺎس ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
.‫إﺟراءات ﻟﻠﺣد ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬

Probability - ‫اﺣﺗﻣﺎل‬ Slightly Harmful Harmful Extremely Harmful
‫اﻗل ﺿررا‬
Highly Unlikely - ‫ﻣن اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺑﻌد ﺟدا‬
(1)
Unlikely - ‫ﻣن ﻏﯾر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣل‬
(2)
Likely - ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرﺟﺢ‬
(3)
Control:
Any risks identified in your assessment
should be eliminated or reduced “as far as
reasonably practicable” and certainly
must meet legal requirements, comply
with industry standards and be in line
with “best practice”.
If the assessment finds that there are
unacceptable levels of risk, controls must
be implemented. Certain control measures
are considered to be more effective than
others – consider the following options in
order of priority:
o Elimination - Don’t do the task/use
the chemical etc.
o Substitution-use a different
method/chemical etc.
o Engineering-enclose the area to
avoid human contact, Controls
guard machinery, ventilation, etc.
o Work -reduce number
affected/duration of exposure
Organization set safe systems of
work etc.
o PPE- use as a last resort as it relies
on correct use, timely replacement
etc.
Note: Combinations of measures can of
course be used.
Consequence – ‫اﻟﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ‬
(1) (2) (3)
‫ﻣﺿر‬ ‫ﺿﺎر ﻟﻠﻐﺎﯾﺔ‬
1 2 3
2 4 6
3 6 9
:‫اﻟﺗﺣﻛم‬
‫ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ اﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ أي اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﯾﯾم أو‬
‫ وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺄﻛﯾد ﯾﺟب أن ﺗﺳﺗوﻓﻲ‬،"‫ﺧﻔض "ﺑﻘدر ﻣﺎ ﯾﻣﻛن ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎ‬
‫ واﻻﻣﺗﺛﺎل ﻟﻠﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ وﯾﻛون ﻓﻲ‬،‫اﻟﺷروط اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺔ‬
."‫ﺧط ﻣﻊ "أﻓﺿل اﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت‬
‫إذا ﺗم اﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾم ووﺟد أن ھﻧﺎك ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت ﻏﯾر ﻣﻘﺑوﻟﺔ ﻣن‬
‫ وﺗﻌﺗﺑر ﺗداﺑﯾر اﻟرﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬.‫ ﯾﺟب ﺗﻧﻔﯾذ اﻟﺿواﺑط‬،‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫ اﻟﻧظر ﻓﻲ اﻟﺧﯾﺎرات‬- ‫ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﻟﺗﻛون أﻛﺛر ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻏﯾرھﺎ‬
:‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﺣﺳب اﻷوﻟوﯾﺔ‬
‫ اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣواد‬/ ‫ ﻻ ﺗﻔﻌل اﻟﻣﮭﻣﺔ‬- ‫ اﻟﻘﺿﺎء‬o
.‫اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﺦ‬
.‫ اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﺦ‬/ ‫ إﺣﻼل اﺳﺗﺧدام أﺳﻠوب ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬o
،‫ أرﻓق اﻟﻣﻧطﻘﺔ ﻟﺗﺟﻧب اﻻﺗﺻﺎل اﻟﺑﺷري‬،‫ ھﻧدﺳﺔ‬o
.‫واﻟﺗﺣﻛم‬
.‫ اﻟﺦ‬،‫ واﻟﺗﮭوﯾﺔ‬،‫ ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻵﻻت‬o
‫ ﻣدة اﻟﺗﻌرض‬/ ‫ اﻟﻌﻣل ﺧﻔض ﻋدد اﻟﻣﺻﺎﺑﯾن‬o
.‫ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ أﻧظﻣﺔ ﻋﻣل آﻣﻧﺔ اﻟﺦ‬
‫ اﻻﺳﺗﺧدام ﻛﻣﺎ أﻧﮫ ﯾﻌﺗﻣد ﻋﻠﻰ‬PPE ‫س ﻛﻣﻼذ أﺧﯾر‬
.‫ واﺳﺗﺑدال اﻟوﻗت اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳب اﻟﺦ‬،‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺢ‬
‫ ﯾﻣﻛن ﺑﺎﻟطﺑﻊ اﻟﺟﻣﻊ ﺑﯾن اﻟﺗداﺑﯾر اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﻣﻛن‬:‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‬
.‫اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﮭﺎ‬
The implementation of control measures ‫ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ اﻻﺗﻔﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫وﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ اﻟﺗﺧطﯾط ﻟﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﺗداﺑﯾر اﻟرﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬
should be planned. A timescale for
‫ﺟدول زﻣﻧﻲ ﻻﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل وﯾﺟب ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﺷﺧص ﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺔ‬
completion should be agreed and a person
should be assigned responsibility for .‫ﺿﻣﺎن اﻟﺗﻧﻔﯾذ‬
ensuring implementation.
‫ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺎﻋدة ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺳﯾر اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر وﺗداﺑﯾر اﻟرﻗﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻣﺳﺎﻋدة‬
To help interpret risk and to help
priorities control measures, the following :‫ ﯾﺟب اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﺟدول اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬
table should be used:

Risk Level Action and Timescale

‫ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺧطر‬ ‫اﻷﺟراء أﻻزم واﻟﺟدول اﻟزﻣﻧﻲ‬
1 o No action is required and no documentary records need to be kept
o ‫ﻻ ﯾوﺟد اى إﺟراء ﻣطﻠوب وﻻ ﺳﺟﻼت ﻣطﻠوب ﺣﻔظﮭﺎ‬
2 o No additional controls are required.
o ‫ﻟﯾس ھﻧﺎك ﺣﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺿواﺑط إﺿﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬
o Consideration may be given to a more cost-effective solution or
improvement that imposes no additional cost burden.
o ‫ﯾﻣﻛن اﻟﻧظر ﻓﻲ ﺣل أﻛﺛر ﻓﺎﻋﻠﯾﺔ ﻣن ﺣﯾث اﻟﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ أو ﺗﺧﻔﯾف اى ﻋبء ﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ إﺿﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬
o Monitoring is required to ensure that the controls are maintained.
o ‫ﻣطﻠوب رﺻد ﻟﺿﻣﺎن اﻟﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺿواﺑط‬
3–4 o Efforts should be made to reduce the risk, but the costs of
prevention should be carefully measured and limited.
o ‫ وﻟﻛن ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ ان ﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﺗﻘﺎس ﺑﻌﻧﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﺣدودة‬,‫وﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ ﺑذل ﺟﮭود ﻟﻠﺣد ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
o Risk prevention measures should be implemented within a defined
time period.
o ‫وﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ ﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﺗداﺑﯾر اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﺧﻼل ﻓﺗرة زﻣﻧﯾﺔ ﻣﺣددة‬
o Where the risk is associated with extremely harmful consequences,
further assessment may be necessary to establish more precisely the
likelihood of harm as a basis for determining the need for improved
control measures.
o ‫ ﻗد ﯾﻛون ﻣن اﻟﺿروري إﺟراء اﻟﻣزﯾد ﻣن‬,‫ﺣﯾث ﯾرﺗﺑط ﻣﻊ ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﺿﺎرة ﻟﻠﻐﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾم ﻟﺗﺣدﯾد أدق ﻣن اﺣﺗﻣﺎل وﻗوع ﺿرر ﻛﺄﺳﺎس ﻟﺗﺣدﯾد اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﺗداﺑﯾر اﻟرﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬
6 o Work should not be started until the risk has been reduced.
o ‫ﻻ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﺗﺑدأ اﻟﻌﻣل ﺣﺗﻰ ﯾﺗم ﺗﺧﻔﯾض اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
o Considerable resources may have to be allocated to reduce the risk.
o ‫ﻗد ﯾﺗطﻠب ﻗدرا ﻛﺑﯾرا ﻣن اﻟﻣوارد أﻟت ﺗﺧﺻص ﻟﻠﺣد ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
o Where the risk involves work in progress, urgent action should be
taken.
o ‫ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ اﺗﺧﺎذ إﺟراءات ﻋﺎﺟﻠﺔ‬,‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ إن اﻟﺧطر ﯾﻌرﻗل اﻟﺗﻘدم ﻓﻰ اﻟﻌﻣل‬
 9 o Work should not be started or continued until the risk has been
reduced.
o ‫ﻻ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﺗﺑدأ اﻟﻌﻣل أو ﺗﺳﺗﻣر ﻓﯾﮫ ﺣﺗﻰ ﯾﺗم ﺗﺧﻔﯾض اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
o If it is not possible to reduce risk even with unlimited resources,
work has to remain prohibited.
o ‫ ﯾﺟب أن ﯾظل‬,‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣن ﻏﯾر اﻟﻣﻣﻛن اﻟﺣد ﻣن اﻟﺧﺎطر او ﺣﺗﻰ ﺗوﻓﯾر ﻣوارد ﻏﯾر ﻣﺣدودة‬
‫اﻟﻌﻣل ﻣﺣظورا‬

4- Recording of Findings: : ‫ ﺗﺳﺟﯾل اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬- 4

Is the recording of the assessment, which ‫ اﻟذي ﯾﺟب أن ﯾﻛون ﻓﻰ ﺳﺟل رﺳﻣﻲ‬،‫ھو ﺗﺳﺟﯾل ﻟﻠﺗﻘﯾﯾم‬
must be a formal written record. Each :‫ وھذا ﯾﻌﻧﻲ‬،‫ وﯾﺟب ﺗﺳﺟﯾل ﻛل اﻟﺣﻘﺎﺋق اﻟﮭﺎﻣﺔ‬.‫ﻣﻛﺗوب‬
significant finding must be recorded, this
means: .‫• ﻗم ﺑﺗدوﯾن أھم اﻷﺧطﺎر‬
• Write down the most significant
.‫• ﻻﺣظ اﻟﺳﻛﺎن اﻟﻣﺗﺿررﯾن ﻣن اﻷﺧطﺎر‬
hazards.
• Note the people affected by the :‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬،‫• ﺳﺟل أھم اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت‬
hazard.
• Record the most important
conclusions, for example:
‫اﻟﻛﮭرﺑﺎء‬.1
1.Electricity .‫ و أي إﺟراء آﺧر ﻣطﻠوب‬،‫ﻋزل اﻟﺻوت واﻟﺗﺄرﯾض‬
Insulation and earthing found sound,no ‫ﻓﺣص ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻣﻌدات اﻟﻛﮭرﺑﺎﺋﯾﺔ واﺧﺗﺑﺎرھﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺗظﺎم ﻣن‬
further action required. All items of .‫أﺟل ﻋﻣل ﺟﯾدة‬
electrical equipment inspected and tested
regularly and found in good working
order.
‫أدﺧﻧﺔ ﻣن ﻟﺣﺎم‬.2
2.Fumes from Welding ‫ اﺳﺗﺧدم‬،‫اﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣن اﻟﻌوادم اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﻣوﺟودة‬
Local exhaust extraction provided, used ‫ ﻻ ﻣزﯾد ﻣن‬،‫وﻓﺣص اﻟﺻوت‬
and checked and found sound, no further .‫ اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻌﻣل‬
action, required.

3.Slippery Steps ‫ ﺧطوات اﻻﻧزﻻق‬.3

No existing precautions. .‫ﻻ ﺗوﺟد اﻻﺣﺗﯾﺎطﺎت اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬
Non-slip paint, or a similar product, to be ،‫ أو ﻣﻧﺗﺞ ﻣﻣﺎﺛل‬،‫ﻟﯾﺗم ﺗطﺑﯾﻘﮭﺎ ﻟﻌدم اﻻﻧزﻻق ﻣن اﻟطﻼء‬
applied to steps. Steps to be regularly .‫ﯾﺟب ﺗﻧظﯾﻔﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺗظﺎم وﺗﻔﻘد ﻟﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
cleaned and inspected for condition.
 • Inform all employees, and other ‫ ﻣن‬،‫ وﻏﯾرھم ﻣن اﻟﻣﺗﺿررﯾن‬،‫• إﺑﻼغ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻣوظﻔﯾن‬
affected, of your findings during the
‫ وﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﯾﺗم‬.‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑك أﺛﻧﺎء ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
risk assessment. This should be
done through Sectional meetings, ‫ھذا ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻋﻘد اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﺎت ﻗطﺎﻋﯾﺔ واﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﺎت‬
staff meetings, notice boards or
.‫و ﻟوﺣﺎت اﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎت أو ﺗﻌطﻰ ﻣﺑﺎﺷرة ﻟﻸﻓراد‬،‫اﻟﻣوظﻔﯾن‬
given directly to individuals.
• Keep the risk assessment form for ‫• ﺣﺎﻓظ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻛل ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻟﻠرﺟوع إﻟﯾﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
future reference and pass a copy to .‫ وﺗﻣرﯾر ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻧﮫ إﻟﻰ رﺋﯾس اﻟﻘﺳم ﻟﻠﺗﻧﻔﯾذ‬،‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬
the head of section for actioning.

5- Review:
Review the assessment from time to time
and revise if necessary. If there is a
significant change to the workplace (e.g.
adding new machinery, substances and
procedures) you should reassess to take
into account the additional hazards and
risks.
: ‫ – ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ‬5
‫ إذا‬.‫ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ ﺗﻘﯾﯾم ﻣن وﻗت ﻵﺧر وﺗﻧﻘﯾﺢ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر‬
‫ﻛﺎن ھﻧﺎك ﺗﻐﯾر ﻛﺑﯾر ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻣل )ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﯾل اﻟﻣﺛﺎل‬
‫ واﻟﻣواد واﻹﺟراءات( ﯾﺟب إﻋﺎدة‬،‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ آﻻت ﺟدﯾدة‬
.‫ﺗﻘﯾﯾم ﻟﺗﺄﺧذ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎر اﻷﺧطﺎر واﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻹﺿﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬

Example 1;  This example illustrates the application of risk
Job Design management principles to designing a new job
or set of jobs.
 Art light is a small company that assembles
U ‫ وﻗد‬.‫ أرت ﻟﯾت ھﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﺻﻐﯾر ﺗﺟﻣﻊ أﻟﻣﺑﺎت‬
lamp stand. The lamp bases have traditionally
been made out of plastic or glazed crockery. It
has been decided to add a new line with cast
metal bases. This will require the employment
of a new person to undertaken the following
tasks:
• Unloading the truck;
• Using the grinder to dress casts;
• Cleaning dressed casts with solvent;
• Placing casts on trolley to be taken to paint
chop.
The questions to ask are:
1. What hazards and risks are being
introduced into the workplace as a result of
this new process?
2. How will the hazards be identified?
3. How might the risks be eliminated or
controlled?
‫ ھذا اﻟﻣﺛﺎل ﯾوﺿﺢ ﻣﺑﺎدئ إدارة اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫ﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم وظﯾﻔﺔ ﺟدﯾدة أو ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣن‬
.‫اﻟوظﺎﺋف‬
‫ﺟرت اﻟﻌﺎدة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋدة ﻣﺻﺑﺎح ﻣﺻﻧوﻋﺔ ﻣن‬
‫ وﻗد‬.‫اﻟﺑﻼﺳﺗﯾك أو اﻻواﻧﻰ اﻟﻔﺧﺎرﯾﺔ اﻟﻣزﺟﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻘرر إﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺳطر ﺟدﯾد ﻣﻊ ﻗواﻋد ﻣﻌدﻧﯾﺔ ﻣن‬
‫ وھذا ﯾﺗطﻠب ﺗوظﯾف ﺷﺧص ﺟدﯾد إﻟﻰ‬.‫اﻟزھر‬
:‫اﻻﺿطﻼع ﺑﺎﻟﻣﮭﺎم اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬
‫• ﺗﻔرﯾﻎ اﻟﺷﺎﺣﻧﺔ؛‬
‫• اﺳﺗﺧدام ﻗﺎطﻊ ﻻﺳﺗﺧراج اﻟﺳﺑﺎﺋك؛‬
‫• ﺗﻧظﯾف اﻟﺳﺑﺎﺋك ﺑﺎﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ؛‬
‫• وﺿﻌﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌرﺑﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺗﻌﯾن اﺗﺧﺎذھﺎ ﻟرﺳم‬
.‫ﺧﺗم‬
:‫ﻟطرح أﺳﺋﻠﺔ ھﻲ‬
‫ ﻣﺎ اﻷﺧطﺎر واﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗم إدﺧﺎﻟﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺎن‬.1
‫اﻟﻌﻣل ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ ﻟﮭذه اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺟدﯾدة؟‬
‫ ﻛﯾف ﺳﯾﺗم اﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر؟‬.2
‫ ﻛﯾف ﯾﻣﻛن اﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر أو ﻣراﻗﺑﺗﮭﺎ؟‬.3
 Step 1: Listed below are the hazards which this new process
Hazard would introduce into the workshop.
Identification
Task: Hazard:
Loading/Unloading Manual Handling
materials
Operating Grinder Mechanical
Plant/Machinery
Using Solvents Hazardous Substances
The tasks obviously involve exposure to significant
hazards, namely manual handling, plant and
hazardous substances.
Step 2: Risk The risks associated with manual handling, the use
Assesment of plant and hazardous substances, need to be
assessed to determine what action should be taken
to eliminate or control them.
• Follow the recommendations on the MSDS.
The MSDS gives information on the health effects of
the solvent. As the solvent is already being used in
the workplace, the MSDS is readily available and
warns that if not used correctly, it can cause
headaches, skin irritation or dermatitis, as well as
irritation to the eyes, nose, throat and respiratory
tract. It also advises that people should not be
exposed to the substance for long periods and that it
must be used in a well-ventilated area.
• Follow the recommendations on the operators’s
manual.
The grinder was supplied with an operator’s
manual which gives directions on how to use it
safely. The manual warns that: only the specified
model grinder wheels should be purchased to
replace wearing wheels; eye protection should be
worn at all times; and the safety guard must not be
removed when the grinder is operating. While the
manual indicates that the noise levels from the
grinder are within the legally specified limits, it does
suggest that with prolonged use over an 8-hour
shift, ear muffs should be worn. The manual
contains a service log for the grinder and suggests
that to prolong the life of the grinder and ensure the
safe operation of the machine, it be serviced by a
‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣدرﺟﺔ أدﻧﺎه ھﻲ ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ ھذه‬
‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺟدﯾدة وﺳوف ﺗدرج ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟدول‬
‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﮭﻣﺔ‬
‫دﻟﯾل اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ ﺗﻔرﯾﻎ‬/ ‫ﺗﺣﻣﯾل‬
‫اﻟﻣﯾﻛﺎﻧﯾﻛﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺂت‬ ‫اﻟﻣواد‬
‫ اﻵﻟﯾﺎت‬/ ‫ﺗﺷﻐﯾل اﻟﻣطﺣﻧﺔ‬
‫اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣواد‬
‫اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺧطرة‬
‫اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬
،‫ﺗﺷﻣل اﻟﻣﮭﺎم اﻟواﺿﺢ اﻟﺗﻌرض ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺎطر ﻛﺑﯾرة‬
.‫وھﻲ اﻟﻣﻧﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟﯾدوﯾﺔ واﻵﻻت واﻟﻣواد اﻟﺧطرة‬
‫ واﺳﺗﺧدام‬،‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟﯾدوﯾﺔ‬
‫ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج إﻟﻰ ﺗﻘﯾﯾم‬،‫اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻧﺑﺎﺗﯾﺔ واﻟﺧطرة‬
‫ﻟﺗﺣدﯾد ﻣﺎ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ اﺗﺧﺎذه ﻣن إﺟراءات ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء أو‬
.‫اﻟﺳﯾطرة ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ‬
.MSDS ‫• اﺗﺑﻊ ﺗوﺻﯾﺎت ﺑﺷﺄن‬
‫ ﯾﻌطﻲ ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻋن اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ‬MSDS‫و‬
‫ ﺣﯾث أﻧﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌل ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻓﻲ‬.‫ﻟﻠﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺗﻧﺎول اﻟﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬MSDS‫ و‬،‫ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻣل‬
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﮭﺎ‬،‫وﯾﺣذر أﻧﮫ إذا ﻟم ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﺑﺷﻛل ﺻﺣﯾﺢ‬
‫ ﺗﮭﯾﺞ اﻟﺟﻠد أو اﻟﺗﮭﺎب‬،‫ﯾﻣﻛن أن ﺗﺳﺑب اﻟﺻداع‬
‫ ﻓﺿﻼ ﻋن ﺗﮭﯾﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﯾﻧﯾن واﻷﻧف‬،‫اﻟﺟﻠد‬
‫ ﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﻧﺻﺢ اﻟﻧﺎس أﻧﮫ‬.‫واﻟﺣﻠق واﻟﺟﮭﺎز اﻟﺗﻧﻔﺳﻲ‬
‫ وأﻧﮫ‬،‫ﻻ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﯾﺗﻌرض ﻟﮭﺎ ﻟﻔﺗرات طوﯾﻠﺔ‬
.‫ﯾﺟب اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧطﻘﺔ ﺟﯾدة اﻟﺗﮭوﯾﺔ‬
. ‫• اﺗﺑﻊ اﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت ﺑﺷﺄن دﻟﯾل اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
‫ﯾﺗم ﺗوﻓﯾر دﻟﯾل اﻟﻣﺷﻐل ﻟﻶﻟﺔ اﻟذي ﯾﻌطﻲ‬
.‫اﻟﺗوﺟﯾﮭﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﮭﺎ ﺑﺄﻣﺎن‬
‫ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﯾﺗم ﺷراء ﻓﻘط‬:‫واﻟدﻟﯾل ﯾﺣذر ﻣن أن‬
‫ وﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ‬،‫اﻟﻧﻣوذج اﻟﻣﺣدد ﻻﺳﺗﺑدال ﺣﺟر اﻟﻘطﻌﯾﺔ‬
،‫أن ﺗرﺗدي ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﯾن ﻓﻲ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻷوﻗﺎت‬
. ‫وﯾﺟب أﻻ ﺗﻧزع ﻏطﺎء اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ إﺛﻧﺎء اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﯾن أن دﻟﯾل ﯾﺷﯾر إﻟﻰ أن ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺿوﺿﺎء ﻣن ﻟﻶﻟﺔ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺿﻣن اﻟﺣدود اﻟﻣﺑﯾﻧﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﮭﺎ ﺗدل ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻻﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣطول ﻣﻊ‬،‫ﻗﺎﻧوﻧﺎ‬
‫ ﯾؤدى إﻟﻰ ﻓﺷل‬،‫ ﺳﺎﻋﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟوردﯾﺔ‬8 ‫أﻛﺛر ﻣن‬
‫ واﻟدﻟﯾل ﯾﺣﺗوي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺟل اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل‬.‫اﻷذن‬
‫وﯾﺷﯾر إﻟﻰ اﻟطرق ﻹطﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﯾﺎة ﻟﻶﻟﺔ وﺿﻣﺎن‬
‫ ﯾﻛون ﻋن طرﯾق ﻋﻣل‬،‫اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل اﻵﻣن ﻟﻶﻟﺔ‬
 qualified person every 3 months. ‫ ﺷﮭور ﺑﺷﺧص‬3 ‫اﻟﺻﯾﺎﻧﺔ اﻟدورﯾﺔ ﻟﻶﻟﺔ ﻛل‬
.‫ﻣﺗﺧﺻص‬

• Use information about accident, incident or ‘near
miss’
Examination of the Register of Injuries shows that
over the past 5 years there have been 22 reports of a
back, neck or shoulder injury from loading and
unloading trucks, 6 of these were very serious and
resulted in time off work. In addition, 4 people have
gone home with headaches and sore eyes reportedly
after working for 3 days with the solvent.
" ‫ أو اﻟﺣوادث‬،‫اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﺣول اﻟﺣوادث‬
' ‫اﻟﻘرﯾﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺣص ﺳﺟل اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت ﺗﺑﯾن أن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣدى اﻟﺳﻧوات‬
‫ ﺗﻘرﯾرا ﻣن اﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ‬22 ‫اﻟﺧﻣﺳﺎﻟﻣﺎﺿﯾﺔ ﻛﺎن ھﻧﺎك‬
‫اﻟظﮭر واﻟرﻗﺑﺔ أو اﻟﻛﺗف ﻣن ﺗﺣﻣﯾل وﺗﻔرﯾﻎ‬
‫ ﻣن ھذه ﺧطﯾرة ﻟﻠﻐﺎﯾﺔ وأدت إﻟﻰ إﺟﺎزة‬6 ،‫اﻟﺷﺎﺣﻧﺎت‬
‫ أﺷﺧﺎص‬4 ‫ ﻗد ذھب‬،‫ وﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ذﻟك‬.‫ﻣن اﻟﻌﻣل‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧزل ﻣﻊ اﻟﺻداع واﻟﺗﮭﺎب اﻟﻌﯾون ورد ﺑﻌد‬
.‫ أﯾﺎم ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬3 ‫اﻟﻌﻣل ﻟﻣدة‬

Tasks: Hazard: Risk: ‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬ ‫اﻟﺧطر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﮭﻣﺔ‬

Loading/ Manual Strains due to ‫ﺑﺳﺑب ﺳﻼﻻت ﻏﯾر‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣﯾل‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣﯾل‬
Unloading Handling incorrect or ‫ﺻﺣﯾﺣﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﻔرﯾﻎ‬ ‫وﺗﻔرﯾﻎ‬
materials excessive
‫• رﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﯾدوى‬ ‫اﻟﻣواد‬
• Lifting
‫• اﻻﻧﺣﻧﺎء‬
• Bending
‫• اﻟوﺻول إﻟﻰ‬
• Reaching
• Carrying ‫• ﺣﻣل‬

Operating Mechanical Injury caused :‫اﻟﺿرر اﻟﻧﺎﺟم ﻋن‬ ‫اﻟﻣﯾﻛﺎﻧﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺷﻐﯾل‬

Grinder Plant/ by: / ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺂت‬ ‫اﻻﻟﺔ‬
Machinery • Moving parts ‫• اﻷﺟزاء اﻟﻣﺗﺣرﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﯾﺎت‬
•Metal ‫• ﺷظﺎﯾﺎ ﻣﻌدﻧﯾﺔ‬
fragments
• Explosion ‫• اﻧﻔﺟﺎر‬
• Noise ‫• اﻟﺿوﺿﺎء‬
• Dust
‫• اﻟﻐﺑﺎر‬
• Poor
maintenance ‫• ﺿﻌف اﻟﺻﯾﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻣواد ﺧطرة‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام‬
Using Solvents Hazardous Exposure
‫اﻟﻣواد‬
Substances resulting in: :‫ﻣﻣﺎ أدى إﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﻌرض‬ ‫اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬
• Headaches
• Skin ‫• اﻟﺻداع‬
irriatation ‫•ﺗﮭﯾﺞ اﻟﺟﻠد‬
• Dermatitis
‫• اﻟﺗﮭﺎب اﻟﺟﻠد‬
• Eye irritation
• Nose & throat ‫• ﺗﮭﯾﺞ اﻟﻌﯾن‬
irritation
‫• ﺗﮭﯾﺞ اﻷﻧف واﻟﺣﻧﺟرة‬
• Respiratory
irritation ‫• ﺗﮭﯾﺞ اﻟﺟﮭﺎز اﻟﺗﻧﻔﺳﻲ‬
 Now that the risks have been assessed, the next step is
Step 3: to devise strategies to eliminate or control those risks
Eliminate so as to make the workplace as safe as possible and to
of Control make sure that Artlight’s OHS obligations are met.
the Risks Let’s look at the range of control strategies that could
be considered:
Level 1 Controls:
Why design in a problem in the first place? Think
first about the possibility of ELIMINATING the risk
altogether.
Is it possible for Artlight to have casts dressed
& cleaned as part of supply contract? This
would eliminate the need to use the solvent or
the grinder and therefore eliminate the
associated risks altogether.
After further investigation Artlight discovers that the
cost of buying the casts already and cleaned is
prohibitive so eliminating the problem is not possible.
They therefore need to consider strategies to reduce
the problem.
Level 2 Controls:
If you can’t eliminate the risk, think about
redesigning the equipment or processes so that less
hazardous equipment or materials can be used:
Is it possible to substitute a less hazardous
substance for the solvent? There may well be other
products that can do the job required and are far
less hazardous.
Is it practical to obtain the solvent in smaller
containers and so eliminate the risks of skin and
eye contact associated with decanting?
Is it possible to have the casts delivered on pallets
and transported by forklift to minimise lifting?
The workers have suggested that a crate could be
designed with a gravity feed gate which allows the ‫واﻗﺗرح اﻟﻌﻣﺎل اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﻣﻛن أن ﺗﺻﻣم ﻗﻔص ﻣﻊ ﺑواﺑﺔ ا‬
casts to be removed from the bottom of the crate. ‫ ھذا ﻣن‬.‫اﻟذي ﯾﺳﻣﺢ ﺑﺧروج اﻟﻣواد ﻣن أﺳﻔل اﻟﻘﻔص‬
This would avoid bending into the crate and would ‫ وﺳوف ﺗﺳﻣﺢ ﻟﺗوﺿﻊ ﻓﻲ‬، ‫ﺷﺄﻧﮫ أن ﺗﺟﻧب اﻻﻧﺣﻧﺎء‬
allow the crate to be placed on a table at waist height, ‫ وﻣﻧﻊ اﻻﻧﺣﻧﺎء‬،‫ﻗﻔص ﻋﻠﻰ طﺎوﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺧﺻر‬
preventing bending altogether.
The grinder should be checked to make sure the
appropriate guards are fitted to minimise risks of
entanglement, and a face shield can be supplied for
risks from metal fragments.
Any noise problem may be reduced by an acoustic
hood.
‫ ﻓﺈن اﻟﺧطوة اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬،‫واﻵن ﺑﻌد أن ﺗم ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫ھﻲ وﺿﻊ اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء أو اﻟﺳﯾطرة ﺗﻠك‬
‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر وذﻟك ﻟﺟﻌل ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻣل آﻣن ﻗدر اﻹﻣﻛﺎن‬
‫واﻟﺗﺄﻛد ﻣن اﺳﺗﯾﻔﺎء اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ واﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬
‫ دﻋوﻧﺎ ﻧﻧظر ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣن‬.‫اﻟﻣﮭﻧﯾﺔ اﻻﻟﺗزاﻣﺎت‬
:‫اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺣﻛم اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﻣﻛن اﻟﻧظر‬
: ‫ ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻛم‬1 ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬
‫ﻟﻣﺎذا اﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻘﺎم اﻷول؟ ﻧﻔﻛر أوﻻ ﺣول‬
.‫إﻣﻛﺎﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ھل ﻣن اﻟﻣﻣﻛن ﻟﻠﺷرﻛﺔان ﺗﻠﻘﻲ او ﺗرﺗدي ﺗﻧظﯾف‬
‫وﻛﺟزء ﻣن ﻋﻘد اﻟﺗورﯾد؟ ھذا ﻣن ﺷﺄﻧﮫ أن ﯾزﯾل‬
‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻻﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ أو اﻻﻟﺔ و ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬
.‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎءﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﮭﺎ ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌد ﻣزﯾد ﻣن اﻟﺗﺣﻘﯾق ﺗﺗﻛﺗﺷف اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ أن ﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺷراء ﺑدﯾل ﯾﻠﻘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻠﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف ﺑﺎھظﺔ ﺣﺗﻰ اﻟﻘﺿﺎء‬
‫ وﻟذﻟك ﯾﺣﺗﺎﺟون ﻟﻠﻧظر ﻓﻲ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ ﻏﯾر ﻣﻣﻛن‬
.‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت ﻟﻠﺣد ﻣن اﻟﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ‬
: ‫ ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻛم‬2 ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬
‫ ﯾﺟب اﻟﺗﻔﻛﯾر ﻓﻲ‬،‫إذا ﻟم ﺗﺗﻣﻛن ﻣن اﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧطر‬
‫إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺻﻣﯾم اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت أو اﻟﻣﻌدات أو ﺣﺗﻰ ﯾﻣﻛن‬
:‫اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣﻌدات أو اﻟﻣواد أﻗل ﺧطورة‬
‫ھل ﻣن اﻟﻣﻣﻛن أن ﺗﻛون ﻣﺎدة ﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺑدﯾﻼ أﻗل‬
‫ﺧطورة ؟ ﻗد ﯾﻛون ھﻧﺎك أﯾﺿﺎ ﻏﯾرھﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﻣﻛن أن ﺗﻘوم ﺑﮭذه اﻟﻣﮭﻣﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ وأﺑﻌد ﻣﺎ‬
.‫ﺗﻛون أﻗل ﺧطورة‬
‫ھ ﮫ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺣﺻول ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺎدة اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎوﯾﺎت‬
‫أﺻﻐر واﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟك ﻣن ﻣﺧﺎطر ﻣﻼﻣﺳﺔ اﻟﺟﻠد‬
‫واﻟﻌﯾن اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻣل؟‬
‫ھل ﻣن اﻟﻣﻣﻛن أن ﯾﻛون ﺗﺳﻠﯾﻣﺎﻟﻣواد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻧﺻﺎت‬
‫وﻧﻘﻠﮭﺎ ﺑواﺳطﺔ راﻓﻌﺔ ﺷوﻛﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺣد ﻣن رﻓﻊ؟‬
.‫ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﯾﺟب ﻓﺣص اﻟﻣﺎﻛﯾﻧﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺄﻛد ﻣن ﺗرﻛﯾب اﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫ وﯾﻣﻛن أن ﯾﺗم‬،‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺣد ﻣن ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺗورط‬
‫ﺗوﻓﯾر واﻗﻲ ﻟﻠوﺟﮫ ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻧﺎﺟﻣﺔ ﻋن‬
.‫ﻗطﻊ ﻣﻌدﻧﯾﺔ‬
‫ورﺑﻣﺎ ﯾﺗم ﺗﺧﻔﯾض ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺿوﺿﺎء اﻟﺻوﺗﯾﺔ ﻣن‬
‫ﻗﺑل‬
To minimise risks from solvent fumes, the area in
which the solvent is to be used will need to be
properly ventilated and may require an appropriate ‫ﻓﺈن ﻣﻧطﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻣل ﺑﺎﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج إﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﮭوﯾﺔ‬
exhaust system to be installed.
Level 3 Controls:
Because it is not possible to eliminate the hazard but
the risk can be minimised by engineering controls, ‫ﻷﻧﮫ ﻟﯾس ﻣن اﻟﻣﻣﻛن اﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺧطر وﻟﻛن ﯾﻣﻛن‬
Artlight must consider the need to supplement these
controls with the following:
Safe Work Procedures: which clearly define how
people are to do their work safely (work methods);
Training and Supervision: to make sure workers
know how to do the job the safe way and work
according to the safe work procedures;
Personal Protective Equipment: this may involve
gloves, eye and hearing protection. As well, safety
footwear may well be needed for the tasks associated
with manual handling.
The best controls to manage the risks at Artlight are
listed in the table following.
What we have done in the following table is complete
a Risk Assessment of this new process at Artlight.
This process requires that you think more carefully ‫ ﺗﺗطﻠب ھذه‬.‫ﻣﺧﺎطر ھذه اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺟدﯾدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
about how work is to be done in the workplace. The
advantage of this approach is that it will enable you ‫ وﻣﯾزة ھذا اﻟﻧﮭﺞ ھو‬.‫ﯾﺗﻌﯾن اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﮫ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻣل‬
to:
1. Address problems early: It is much easier and
more cost-effective to deal with OHS problems at
this stage rather than wait until an accident or
incident forces it upon you.
2. Incorporate safety procedures into work
practices rather than addressing safety as a
separate issue: By considering safety issues
when a job is designed or redesigned, you can
assess the best way to do a job and what
equipment is needed.
،‫ﻟﻠﺣد ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻧﺎﺟﻣﺔ ﻋن اﻷﺑﺧرة اﻟﻛﯾﻣوﯾﺎت‬
‫ﺑﺷﻛل ﺻﺣﯾﺢ ورﺑﻣﺎ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج إﻟﻰ ﺗﺛﺑﯾت ﻧظﺎم اﻟﻌﺎدم‬
.‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ‬
:‫ ﻟﻌﺑﺔ اﻟﺿواﺑط‬3 ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬
،‫اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻟﺿواﺑط اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫ﯾﺟب ﻟﻠﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻧظر ﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل ھذه‬
:‫اﻟﺿواﺑط ﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‬
‫ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺣدد ﺑوﺿوح ﻛﯾف ﻟﻠﻌﻣﺎل‬:‫إﺟراءات ﻋﻣل آﻣﻧﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﮭم ﺑﺄﻣﺎن )طرق اﻟﻌﻣل(؛‬
‫ اﻟﺗﺄﻛد ﻣن اﻟﻌﻣﺎل ﯾﻌرﻓون ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬:‫اﻟﺗدرﯾب واﻹﺷراف‬
‫اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﮭذه اﻟﻣﮭﻣﺔ ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ آﻣﻧﺔ واﻟﻌﻣل وﻓﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻹﺟراءات ﻋﻣل آﻣﻧﺔ؛‬
‫ ھذا ﻗد ﺗﻧطوي ﻋﻠﻰ‬:‫ﻣﻌدات اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ‬
‫ ﻗد ﯾﻛون‬،‫ وﻛذﻟك‬.‫ وﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﯾن واﻟﺳﻣﻊ‬،‫اﻟﻘﻔﺎزات‬
‫ﺟﯾدا اﻷﺣذﯾﺔ اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻷداء اﻟﻣﮭﺎم اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟﯾدوﯾﺔ‬
‫ﯾﺗم ﺳرد أﻓﺿل اﻟﺿواﺑط ﻹدارة اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
.‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟدول اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﻣﻧﺎ ﺑﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟدول اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ ھو اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل ﺗﻘﯾﯾم‬
‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ أن ﺗﻔﻛر ﺑﻌﻧﺎﯾﺔ أﻛﺑر ﺣول ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﻣل اﻟذي‬
:‫أﻧﮫ ﺳوف ﺗﻣﻛﻧك ﻣن‬
‫ اﻧﮫ ﻣن اﻻﺳﮭل‬:‫ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻟﻣﺷﺎﻛل ﻓﻲ وﻗت ﻣﺑﻛر‬.1
‫ﺑﻛﺛﯾر وأﻛﺛر ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﻣن ﺣﯾث اﻟﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺷﺎﻛل اﻟﺻﺣﺔ واﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻣﮭﻧﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ھذه اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬
. ‫ﺑدﻻ ﻣن اﻻﻧﺗظﺎر ﺣﺗﻰ وﻗوع ﺣﺎدث‬
‫ ﺗﺗﺿﻣن إﺟراءات اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﻣل‬.2
‫ ﻣن ﺧﻼل‬:‫ﺑدﻻ ﻣن ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻛﻘﺿﯾﺔ ﻣﻧﻔﺻﻠﺔ‬
،‫اﻟﻧظر ﺑﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻋﻧد ﺗﺻﻣﯾم وظﯾﻔﺔ أو ﺗﺻﻣﯾم‬
‫ﯾﻣﻛﻧك ﺗﻘﯾﯾم ﻣطﻠوب أﻓﺿل وﺳﯾﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﻌﻣل ﻣﺎ‬
.‫واﻟﻣﻌدات‬
Tasks: Hazard Risk (Harm):‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬ Controls (Solution): ‫اﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﻓﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫اﻟﻣﮭﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺧطر‬
(Problem):

Loading/ Manual Strains due to incorrect or • purchase from supplier in crates on pallets
Unloading Handling excessive:‫ﺳﻠﺳﺔ ﻣن اﻻﺟرأت اﻟﻐﯾر ﺻﺣﯾﺣﺔ‬
materials • Lifting • unload with forklift
• place crates on waist-high table
‫وﺗﻔرﯾﻎ‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣﯾل‬ ‫ﯾدوﯾﺄ‬
‫اﻟﻣواد‬ • gate in carte for gravity feed
‫ﺷراء اﻟﻣورد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻧﺻﺎت‬
• Bending ‫اﻧﺣﻧﺎء‬
‫• ﺗﻔرﯾﻎ ﺑراﻓﻌﺔ ﺷوﻛﯾﺔ‬
• Reaching ‫اﻟوﺻول اﻟﻰ‬ ‫• وﺿﻊ اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق ﻣﻛﺎن ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺧﺻر‬

• Carrying ‫ﺣﻣل‬ ‫• اﻟﺑواﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺧرﯾطﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻐذﯾﺔ اﻟﺟﺎذﺑﯾﺔ‬

Operating Mechanical Injury cause by: ‫اﻻﺳﺑﺎب اﻟﺗﻰ ﺗؤدى اﻟﻰ‬ • face shield to be supplied
Grinder Plant/ ‫اﻻﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ • grinder to be guarded
Machine • Moving parts ‫اﻻﺟزاء اﻟﻣﺗﺣرﻛﺔ‬ • only model of wheel specified in manufacturer’s
‫اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻻﻟﺔ‬
manual to be used
• Metal ‫ﻓﺗﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﺎدن‬ • acoustic hood to be fitted
Fragments • hearing protection to be supplied
• Explosion of grinder wheel • extraction system
‫ﺗﺣطﯾم ﺣﺟر اﻟﻘطﻌﯾﺔ‬
• quarterly maintenance service by fitter
• Noise ‫اﻟﺿوﺿﺎء‬
‫ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟوﺟﮫ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺳﯾﺗم ﺗورﯾدھﺎ‬
• Dust ‫اﻻﺗرﺑﺔ‬ ‫• أﻻﻟﺔ ﯾﺟب ﺗﻛون اﻣﻧﺔ‬
‫• اﻟﻧﻣوذج اﻟوﺣﯾد ﻟﻠﻌﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻓﻲ دﻟﯾل اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺻﻧﻌﺔ ﻻﺳﺗﺧداﻣﮭﺎ‬
• Poor maintenance ‫ﺿﻌف اﻟﺻﯾﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫• ﻣﺎﻧﻊ اﻟﺻوت ﻟﺗرﻛﯾﺑﮭﺎ‬
‫• ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺳﻣﻊ ﻻﺑد ﻣن ﺗوﻓﯾر‬
‫• اﺳﺗﺧراج اﻟﻧظﺎم‬
‫• ﻋﻣل اﻟﺻﯾﺎﻧﺔ اﻟرﺑﻊ اﻟﺳﻧوي‬

Exposure resulting in: • non-solvent-based cleaner to be used

Using Hazardous
• Headaches • buy small containers of solvent/ no decanting
Solvents Substances
• Skin irritation • gloves to be supplied
‫اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣواد‬ ‫ﺧطورة اﻟﻣﺎدة‬ • Dermatitis • eye protection to be supplied
‫اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬ • Eye irritation • exhaust system to be installed
• Nose & throat irritation
• Respiratory ‫ﻏﯾر ﻧوع اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ ﻻﺳﺗﺧداﻣﮭﺎ‬
Irritation ‫• ﺷراء ﻋﺑوات ﺻﻐﯾرة ﻣن اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫• اﻟﺗﮭﺎب اﻟﺟﻠد‬ ‫• ﻻﺑد ﻣن ﺗوﻓﯾر ﻗﻔﺎزات‬
‫• ﺗﮭﯾﺞ اﻟﻌﯾن‬ ‫• ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﯾن‬
‫• ﺗﮭﯾﺞ اﻷﻧف واﻟﺣﻧﺟرة‬ ‫• ﺗرﻛﯾب ﻧظﺎم اﻟﻌﺎدم‬
‫• اﻟﺟﮭﺎز اﻟﺗﻧﻔﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺗﮭﯾﺞ‬