9/15/22, 5:58 PM Section A — Chapter 1: The Union Parliament | Solutions for Class 10 ICSE APC Modern Indian History

History Contemporary Worl… 9/15/22, 5:58 PM Section A — Chapter 1: The Union Parliament | Solutions for Class 10 ICSE APC Modern Indian History Contemporary Worl…

Answer

Short Answer Questions The three constituents of the Indian Parliament are-

1. Lok Sabha
Question 1
2. Rajya Sabha
What is meant by the Federal Setup in India?
3. The President
Answer
Question 5
A Federal Setup involves a dual government, i.e., the national
Name the two Houses of the Indian Parliament.
government and the governments of the component states.
Answer
Question 2
The two Houses of the Indian Parliament are-
What is the importance of a Federal Setup in a country like
India? 1. Lok Sabha
2. Rajya Sabha
Answer

In countries like India where the people belong to different races Question 6
or regions, with their own customs and languages, Federation
Mention the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha provided by
seems to be the only plan to keep them united.
the Constitution.

Question 3 Answer

Mention an important federal feature of the Indian Constitution. The maximum strength of the Lok Sabha provided by the

Or Constitution is 550.

Name the two sets of authority under Federal Setup in India.

(Note — Previously, it used to be 552 members with two
Answer members of the Anglo-Indian community nominated by the

An important federal feature of the Indian Constitution is the dual President. The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act passed in
government. In India there are two sets of authority: January 2020 did away with the nomination of Anglo-Indians to
Lok Sabha and certain state assemblies. The reservation was
1. The government of the whole country called the Union
provided for a period of 70 years which expired on January 25,
Government
2020.)
2. Governments of the component units, called the State
Governments Question 7

How many Members may the President nominate to the Lok

Question 4
Sabha? Whom do the nominated Members represent?
What are the three constituents of the Indian Parliament?

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Answer allowed to vote.

In addition to the elected 550 members, two members of the Question 10

Anglo-Indian community may be nominated by the President to
Mention any two qualifications an Individual should have in order
the Lok Sabha, in case he feels that this community is not
to be elected or chosen as a Member of the Lok Sabha?
adequately represented.
Answer
(Note — The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act passed in
January 2020 did away with the nomination of Anglo-Indians to In order to be chosen a member of the Lok Sabha a person-
Lok Sabha and certain state assemblies. The reservation was
1. must be a Citizen of India.
provided for a period of 70 years which expired on January 25,
2020.) 2. must be not less than twenty-five years of age.

Question 8 Question 11

How are the Members of the Lok Sabha elected? What is the normal duration (term) of the Lok Sabha?

Or Answer

What is meant by the term 'Universal Adult Franchise'?

The normal duration (term) of the Lok Sabha is five years, if it is
Answer not dissolved earlier.

The members of the Lok Sabha are elected by direct election on When a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation, the life of
the basis of universal adult franchise. Thus every person who the House may be extended by a law of Parliament. But this
has attained the age of 18 years is entitled to vote provided he is extension shall in no case be more than a year at a time.
not otherwise disqualified.
Question 12
Question 9 What is the maximum period that shall not intervene (i.e., the
What is meant by reservation of Seats in the Lok Sabha? maximum gap) between the two sessions of Parliament?
Or Answer
For whom are the Seats reserved in the Lok Sabha?
The maximum gap allowed between two sessions of the
Answer Parliament is 6 months.
Seats have been reserved in the Lok Sabha for-
Question 13
1. The Scheduled Castes
What is meant by Session of the House?
2. The Scheduled Tribes
Answer
In a reserved constituency persons belonging only to these
Castes and Tribes can contest an election, but all electors are The period during which the parliamentarians convene and
conduct the business of each House is referred to as a session.
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Question 14 office on the dissolution of the House. He vacates it immediately

before the first meeting of the newly constituted House.
What is Quorum? What is the Quorum to constitute a meeting of
the Lok Sabha?
Question 18
Answer How is the Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha elected?
A quorum is the minimum number of members required to be Answer
present before a meeting is allowed to begin.
The Deputy Speaker is elected by the House from among its
The quorum to constitute a meeting of the House is one-tenth of members by a simple majority of members present and voting.
the total number of members. This includes the Speaker or the
person who presides over the meeting. Thus atleast 55 Question 19
members should be present at the beginning of the sitting each
Mention an important power or function of the Speaker of Lok
day.
Sabha.
Question 15
Answer
Who is the Principal Presiding Officer of the Lok Sabha?
The Speaker of Lok Sabha presides over meetings of the
Answer House. All speeches and remarks are addressed to the Chair.

The Speaker is the Principal Presiding Officer of the Lok Sabha. Question 20

Question 16 Mention the maximum number of Members of the Rajya Sabha.

How is the Speaker of the Lok Sabha elected? Answer

Answer The Rajya Sabha consists of not more than 250 members.

The Speaker is elected by the House from among its members Question 21
by a simple majority of members present and voting.
Mention the maximum number of Members that the President
Question 17 may nominate to the Rajya Sabha. What type of persons should
the nominated Members be?
How is a person removed from the Office of Speaker?
Answer
Answer
The nominated members are twelve in number. They are
The Speaker holds office until he ceases to be a member of the nominated by the President from among persons having special
House or until he himself resigns his office. He can be removed knowledge or practical experience in matters such as literature,
from his office by a resolution passed by a majority of all the science, art and social service. The principle of nomination
then Members of the House. The Speaker does not vacate his

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enabled distinguished persons to have a place in the Upper Or

Chamber. Mention the reason why the President of India cannot dissolve
the Rajya Sabha.
Question 22
Answer
How are Members of the Rajya Sabha elected?

The Rajya Sabha cannot be dissolved by the President of India.
Or

It is a permanent body. One-third of its members retire at the
Name the body which elects the Rajya Sabha Members.
end of every second year. It means that the members of the
Answer Rajya Sabha have a six-year term.
Representatives of States in the Rajya Sabha are elected by the
Question 25
elected Members of the Legislative Assembly of each State.
This is done in accordance with the system of proportional What is the tenure (Term) of office of the Members of Rajya
representation by means of the Single Transferable Vote. Sabha?

The representatives of the Union Territories shall be chosen in Answer

such manner as Parliament may prescribe. The three
The members of the Rajya Sabha have a six-year term.
representatives from Delhi are elected by the Members of the
Legislative Assembly. In the case of Jammu and Kashmir the Question 26
Parliament shall prescribe whether the method of representation
will be similar to Delhi or it is different from that. Who is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha? Who
presides over its meeting in the absence of the Chairman?
Question 23
Answer
Mention the qualifications which an individual should possess in
order to be chosen a member of the Rajya Sabha. The Vice-President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the
Rajya Sabha.
Answer
The Deputy Chairman presides at the sittings of the House in
In order to be chosen a member of the Rajya Sabha, a person- the absence of the Chairman or during the period when the
Vice-President is discharging the functions of the President.
1. must be a Citizen of India.
2. must be not less than 30 years of age. Question 27
3. must possess such additional qualifications as may be
Name the Bill which cannot be introduced in the Rajya Sabha.
prescribed by law from time to time.
Answer
Question 24
The Money bill cannot be introduced in the Rajya Sabha.
What do we mean when we say that the Rajya Sabha is a
permanent body? Question 28

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Mention any one exclusive power assigned to the Rajya Sabha The three Lists which distribute the subjects of legislation
by the Constitution. between the Union and the States are-
Or
1. Union List
Mention any one power of the Rajya Sabha highlighting its role
in India's Federal Setup. 2. State List
Or 3. Concurrent List
Mention any one power of the Rajya Sabha which is in keeping
Question 31
with the Federal character of the Constitution.
Which bodies have the right to legislate on subjects in the
Answer
Concurrent List? What happens in the case of conflict between
The Rajya Sabha may by a two-thirds majority pass a resolution such laws?
that it is necessary in the national interest to create one or more
Answer
All-India Services. Thereupon Parliament may by law create
new services. The Parliament and the State Legislatures both have the right to
make laws on subjects mentioned in the Concurrent List. In the
Question 29
case of conflict between a Central and State law, the law made
Mention any one exclusive power assigned to the Lok Sabha by by Parliament shall prevail.
the Constitution.

Question 32
Or

Mention any one matter which shows that Lok Sabha is more What is meant by 'Residuary Powers'? Whom do these powers
powerful than the Rajya Sabha. belong to?

Answer Answer

Lok Sabha is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha in financial Parliament possesses residuary powers. It means that it can
matters. A Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha. make laws with respect to all those matters which are not
Money Bill after it has been passed by the Lok Sabha is mentioned in any of the three lists—the Union List, the State List
transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for its recommendations. The and the Concurrent List.
Rajya Sabha must return the Money Bill to Lok Sabha within a
These powers belong to the Parliament.
period of 14 days. If the Bill is not returned within 14 days of its
receipt, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses
Question 33
in the form in which it was passed by the Lok Sabha.
Mention any one circumstance under which the Union
Question 30 Parliament may make laws on subjects in the State List.

Name the three Lists which distribute the subjects of legislation Answer
between the Union and the States.

Answer
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The Union Parliament may make laws on subjects in the State shall form one consolidated fund and will be called the
List in the following cases: "Consolidated Fund of India". No monies can be issued out of
this Fund except in accordance with a law made by Parliament.
1. During the Proclamation of an Emergency.
However, certain expenditure charged upon the Consolidated
2. When the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution by a two-thirds Fund of India does not require the annual approval of
majority that a subject in the State List has assumed Parliament.
national importance.
3. When two or more States desire that the Parliament should Question 36
legislate on a subject given in the State List.
Which part of the Budget is not put to vote in the Parliament?

Or
Question 34

Name any two expenditures charged on the Consolidated Fund

How does the Union Parliament exercise control over the of India.
National Finance?
Answer
Answer
The expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of India
A Money Bill can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha. It is then includes the salaries and allowances of the President, the
transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for its recommendations. The Speaker, the Deputy Speaker, the Chairman, the Deputy
Rajya Sabha must return the Bill to the Lok Sabha within a Chairman, Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, etc.
period of 14 days with its recommendations. The Lok Sabha is This expenditure does not require an annual Vote of Parliament.
free to accept or reject the recommendations made by Rajya
Sabha in money matters. Question 37

As regards financial powers of the Union Parliament, mention Mention two ways in which the Lok Sabha exercises control over
may be made of a few other provisions also. the Executive (the Union Council of Ministers).
1. The Budget Answer
2. Supplementary Grants
The Lok Sabha exercises control over the Executive (the Union
3. Vote on Account
Council of Ministers) in the following ways-
4. Salaries of MPs, Ministers and Judges of the Supreme
Court and High Courts 1. The Union Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to
the Lok Sabha. An important function of the Lok Sabha is to
Question 35 make and throw out governments. The Ministers continue in
What is meant by the 'Consolidated Fund of India'? office so long as they enjoy the confidence of a majority of
Members in the Lok Sabha.
Answer
2. No-Confidence Motion against the Council of Ministers can
All revenues received by the Government of India, all monies be moved only in the Lok Sabha. If the Motion is passed, it
raised by loan and all monies received in repayment of loans

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implies loss of confidence and the Prime Minister has to Question 41

submit resignation of his Council of Ministers.
Mention two important occasions when the President addresses
a Joint Sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.
Question 38

Mention any two Elective (or Electoral) functions of the Union Answer

Parliament. Two important occasions when the President addresses a Joint

Answer Sitting of the two Houses of Parliament are-

The Parliament performs certain electoral duties also, such as 1. The President addresses the Joint Sitting of the two Houses
at the commencement of the First Session after each
1. Elected members of both Houses of Parliament and General Election.
members of Legislative Assemblies elect the President of 2. The President addresses both Houses of Parliament at the
India. commencement of the first session of each year, i.e., the
2. The Vice-President is elected by members of both Houses Budget Session.
of Parliament.
Question 42
Question 39
Explain the following terms:
Mention any two Judicial functions of the Union Parliament.
(a) Starred Questions
Answer
(b) Unstarred Questions
Two Judicial functions of the Union Parliament are-
(c) An Adjournment Motion
1. The President can be removed from his office by
Impeachment. A resolution accusing the President may be (d) Speaker's Casting Vote

initiated in either House of Parliament. Answer

2. The Parliament may punish a person for obstructing the
work of Parliament or showing disrespect for the House. (a) Starred Questions — Starred Questions are those to which
a member wishes to have an oral answer on the floor of the
Question 40 House. Such questions are distinguished by an asterisk.
Supplementary questions may be asked after replies to such
Mention an important privilege of the Members of Parliament.
questions given by the Ministers.
Answer
(b) Unstarred Questions — Unstarred Questions do not carry
The Constitution lays down that there shall be freedom of an asterisk mark. Answers to them are given in a written form.
speech in Parliament. No member shall be liable to proceedings No supplementary questions can be asked thereon.
in any Court for anything said or any Vote given by him in
(c) An Adjournment Motion — An Adjournment Motion
Parliament.
proposes that the House should lay aside all other business and
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take up the consideration of "a matter of urgent public What does Defection mean?
importance." Such a Motion interrupts the normal business of
Answer
the House. Therefore, the Speaker applies a rigorous test for the
admissibility of Adjournment Motions. Defection means "giving up the membership of that party to
which a person belonged or on whose ticket he or she contested
(d) Speaker's Casting Vote — A Casting Vote is the Vote that
an election and joining another party or group." Voting in the
the Speaker or Chairman gives when equal number of votes
House against directions of the party also amounts to Defection.
have been given for and against a Bill or a Resolution. This Vote
decides whether or not the Bill or Resolution will be passed. Question 46

Question 43 When does a Bill become an Act?

What happens when a No-Confidence Motion is passed by the Answer

Lok Sabha?
A Bill is the draft of a "legislative proposal", which, when passed
Answer by both Houses of Parliament and assented to by the President,
becomes an Act.
If a No-Confidence Motion is passed, it implies loss of
confidence in the Government and the Prime Minister is obliged Question 47
to submit his resignation.
Mention the maximum period for which a Money Bill may be
Question 44 delayed by the Rajya Sabha.

How is the Censure Motion different from a No-Confidence Answer

Motion?
14 days.
Answer
Question 48
No-Confidence
Censure Motion
Motion Mention the maximum period for which an Ordinary Bill may be
No-Confidence delayed by the Rajya Sabha.
Motion is
Censure Motion can be moved
moved against
against an individual Minister or a Answer
the entire
group of Ministers.
Council of
Ministers. 6 months.
A Motion of No-
The Member should state the reasons Question 49
Confidence
why he is moving the Censure Motion.
need not record
In other words, Censure Motion
the grounds on What procedure does the Constitution lay down for resolving
should specify the policies or acts that
which it is
are being censured. deadlocks between the two Houses of Parliament?
based.

Answer
Question 45

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The procedure of Joint Sitting of both the Houses of Parliament Question 1

is laid down by the Constitution for resolving deadlocks between
With reference to the composition and organisation of the Lok
the two Houses of Parliament. The President summons both the
Sabha answer the following questions:
Houses of Parliament and the Speaker of Lok Sabha presides
over a Joint Sitting of both Houses of Parliament. All decisions (a) What is the maximum strength fixed by the Constitution and
are made by majority vote. what is its present strength?

Question 50 (b) Mr. K. Rajan was disqualified from election to the Lok Sabha,
even though he was a Citizen of India and was twenty-two years
Who presides over a Joint Sitting of both Houses of Parliament? of age. On what ground was his nomination paper rejected by

Answer the Returning Officer?

The Speaker of Lok Sabha presides over a Joint Sitting of both (c) What is the Term (Duration) of the House?

Houses of Parliament. (d) What is the normal schedule for Parliamentary Sessions in a
year?
Question 51

Or

Mention an important provision of the Constitution which clearly Name the three Sessions of the Indian Parliament.
establishes the supremacy of Lok Sabha with regard to Money
Answer
Bills.
(a) The maximum strength of the Lok Sabha provided by the
Answer
Constitution is 550. Its present strength is 543 members.

An important provision of the Constitution which clearly (Note — The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act passed in
establishes the supremacy of Lok Sabha with regard to Money January 2020 did away with the nomination of Anglo-Indians to
Bills is as follows- Lok Sabha and certain state assemblies. The reservation was

1. Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha. provided for a period of 70 years which expired on January 25,
2020.)
2. Money Bill after it has been passed by the Lok Sabha is
transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for its recommendations. (b) Mr. K. Rajan was disqualified from election to the Lok Sabha
The Rajya Sabha must return the Money Bill to Lok Sabha because a person should be atleast 25 years of age to become
within a period of 14 days. If the Bill is not returned within a member of Lok Sabha.
14 days of its receipt, it shall be deemed to have been
(c) The term of the House is five years, if it is not dissolved
passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed
earlier.
by the Lok Sabha.
3. The Lok Sabha may accept or reject all or any of the 1. When a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation, the life
recommendations of the Rajya Sabha. of the House may be extended by a law of Parliament.

Structured Questions 2. But this extension shall in no case be more than a year at a
time.
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(d) The three Sessions of the Indian Parliament are- 2. If a word or words used in the debate are indecent or
unparliamentary, the Speaker may expunge such words
1. Budget Session (February-May)
from the proceedings of the House.
2. Monsoon Session (July-September)
3. Winter Session (November-December) (c) Two administrative functions of the Speaker of Lok Sabha
are-
Question 2
1. The Speaker communicates the decisions of the House to
Discuss the role and functions of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha the concerned authorities and requests them to comply with
with reference to the following: such decisions.
2. The Speaker allows the admission of strangers and Press
(a) Any four powers to regulate Proceedings of the House
correspondents to the galleries of the House.
(b) Any two Disciplinary functions
(d) Two powers of the Speaker regarding Parliamentary
(c) Any two Administrative functions Committees are-

(d) Any two powers regarding Parliamentary Committees 1. The Speaker is the ex-officio Chairperson of some of the
Committees of the House, such as the Business Advisory
Answer
Committee and the Rules Committee.
(a) Four powers of the Speaker to regulate Proceedings of the 2. Speaker appoints Chairpersons of all Committees of the
House are as follows- House.

1. Speaker presides over meetings of the House. All speeches Question 3

and remarks are addressed to the Chair.
With reference to the composition and organisation of the Rajya
2. The Speaker decides the admissibility of questions and all
Sabha answer the following questions:
Resolutions. He is the final judge to decide on the
admissibility of a Motion of Adjournment. (a) What is the manner of election of its Members?
3. All Bills passed by the House are authenticated by his
(b) What are the qualifications of the Members of the Rajya
signatures before they are sent to the Rajya Sabha for its
Sabha?
consideration or to the President for his assent.
4. If any question arises whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not, (c) What is the Term (Duration) of this House?
the decision of the Speaker thereon shall be final.
Answer
(b) Two disciplinary functions of the Speaker of Lok Sabha are-
(a) Representatives of States in the Rajya Sabha are elected by
1. The Speaker preserves order in the House. He may name a the elected Members of the Legislative Assembly of each State.
member for suspension, if he disregards the authority of the
1. This is done in accordance with the system of proportional
Chair. In case of grave disorder, the Speaker may adjourn
representation by means of the Single Transferable Vote.
the House.

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2. The representatives of the Union Territories shall be chosen to matters mentioned in the Union List. The Parliament has
in such manner as Parliament may prescribe. the right to make laws on subjects mentioned in the
3. The three representatives from Delhi are elected by the Concurrent List. In the case of conflict between a Central
Members of the Legislative Assembly. and State law, the law made by Parliament shall prevail.

4. In the case of Jammu and Kashmir the Parliament shall 2. Residuary Powers — Parliament possesses residuary
prescribe whether the method of representation will be powers. It means that it can make laws with respect to all
similar to Delhi or it is different from that. those matters which are not mentioned in any of the three

5. In 2003 the Parliament introduced an open ballot system for lists—the Union List, the State List and the Concurrent List.

Rajya Sabha polls. 3. Matters in the State List — The Parliament can legislate
even on subjects included in the State List during the
(b) In order to be chosen a member of the Rajya Sabha, a Proclamation of an Emergency and in following cases:
person- i. When the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution by a two-

1. must be a Citizen of India. thirds majority that a subject in the State List has
assumed national importance.
2. must be not less than 30 years of age.
ii. When two or more States desire that the Parliament
3. must possess such additional qualifications as may be
should legislate on a subject given in the State List.
prescribed by law from time to time.
4. Ordinances — The President may promulgate an
(c) The Rajya Sabha is a permanent body, it cannot be Ordinance at a time when the Parliament is not in session.
dissolved by the President of India. One-third of its members All Ordinances must be laid before both the Houses for their
retire at the end of every second year. It means that the approval. Ordinances cease to operate at the expiration of
members of the Rajya Sabha have a six-year term. six weeks from the re-assembly of Parliament unless they
are approved by the Houses.
Question 4
(b) Four judicial powers of the Parliament are-
Parliament today is not a law-making body only; it has become a
multi-functional institution. In this context make a mention of its 1. The President can be removed from his office by
following powers and functions. Impeachment. A resolution accusing the President may be
initiated in either House of Parliament. It must be passed by
(a) Four of its Legislative powers
a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total
(b) Four of its Judicial powers membership of the House. The charge should then be
investigated by the other House. If the other House finds
(c) Two of its Electoral functions
the President guilty, the Impeachment succeeds and the
Answer President is removed from his office.
2. The Vice-President may be removed by a resolution of the
(a) The Parliament is competent to make laws on:
Rajya Sabha passed by a majority of all the then members
1. Matters in the Union List and the Concurrent List — The and agreed to by the Lok Sabha.
Parliament has exclusive powers to make laws with respect
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3. A judge of the Supreme Court or of the High Court cannot within a period of 14 days. If the Bill is not returned within
be removed by the President, except on a Joint Address by 14 days of its receipt, it shall be deemed to have been
both Houses. Such an Address has to be supported by a passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed
majority of the membership of that House and by a majority by the Lok Sabha.
of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House 3. The Lok Sabha may accept or reject all or any of the
present and voting. recommendations of the Rajya Sabha.
4. The Parliament may punish a person for obstructing the 4. Only the Lok Sabha has power to vote on the Demands for
work of Parliament or showing disrespect for the House. Grants, i.e., the Grants for various Ministries under the
Budget of the Government of India. The Rajya Sabha may
(c) Two electoral functions of the Parliament are-
discuss the Grants, but it has no power to vote on them.
1. Elected members of both Houses of Parliament and
(b) Lok Sabha has exclusive control over the Union Council of
members of Legislative Assemblies elect the President of
Ministers.
India.
2. The Vice-President is elected by members of both Houses 1. The Union Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to
of Parliament. the Lok Sabha. An important function of the Lok Sabha is to
make and throw out governments. The Ministers continue in
Question 5 office so long as they enjoy the confidence of a majority of
There are some powers exclusively in the domain of Lok Sabha. Members in the Lok Sabha.
In this context mention briefly: 2. No-Confidence Motion against the Council of Ministers can
be moved only in the Lok Sabha. If the Motion is passed, it
(a) Lok Sabha's control over Financial Matters
implies loss of confidence and the Prime Minister has to
(b) Its control over the Union Council of Ministers submit resignation of his Council of Ministers.
3. An Adjournment Motion is one of the ways through which
(c) Its dominant position in the event of disagreement between
the Lok Sabha exercises control over the Ministers. It is
the two Houses on a bill, other than a Money Bill

moved only in Lok Sabha, because it indicates a strong
Or

disapproval of the policy of Government.
Were you given an opportunity to become the Member of
4. Censure Motion is also moved in Lok Sabha. It can be
Parliament, state a few important reasons why you would like to
moved against an individual Minister or a group of
be a Member of the Lok Sabha.
Ministers. Censure Motion should specify the policies or
Answer acts that are being censured.

(a) Lok Sabha has exclusive control over financial matters. (c) Disagreement between the two Houses on Bill, other than a
Money Bill, is resolved by both the Houses in joint sitting.
1. A Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha.
2. Money Bill after it has been passed by the Lok Sabha is 1. Here matters are decided by majority vote.
transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for its recommendations. 2. Since the total membership of Rajya Sabha is less than
The Rajya Sabha must return the Money Bill to Lok Sabha even half of the total strength of Lok Sabha, the will of the
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Lok Sabha would naturally prevail at a joint sitting. Constitution took the view that additional All-India Services could
3. Moreover, such joint sittings are presided over by the be created by the consent of the States.
Speaker of Lok Sabha.
(c) Unlike the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha is a permanent body. It
4. The above provisions of the Constitution bring out clearly is not subject to dissolution by the President. It has to play an
the fact that Lok Sabha is more powerful then the Rajya important role, in matters such as an approval of Proclamation
Sabha. of Emergency during the period when Lok Sabha remains

I would like to be a member of the Lok Sabha because the dissolved. Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and is not subject

members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the citizens of to dissolution. This helps to make it a beneficial body, though not

India and hence Lok Sabha has more power than Rajya Sabha equal in power with the Lok Sabha.

concerning the financial matters.

Question 7

Question 6 In respect of the legislative powers of the Union Parliament,

There are some powers exclusively in the domain of Rajya briefly describe:

Sabha. In this context mention briefly its position and powers (a) Its power to make laws on subjects mentioned in the Union
regarding: List and the Concurrent List.

(a) Making of laws on matters cited in the State List (b) Its Residuary Powers

(b) Creation of new All-India Services (c) Its role regarding an Ordinance promulgated by the President

(c) Its position arising from the fact that it is a Permanent body Answer

Answer (a) The Parliament has exclusive powers to make laws with

(a) The Rajya Sabha has the power to declare that it would be in respect to matters mentioned in the Union List. The Parliament

the national interest for the Parliament to enact a law on a and the State Legislatures both have the right to make laws on

matter in the State List. If Rajya Sabha passes such a subjects mentioned in the Concurrent List. In the case of conflict

Resolution by a two-thirds majority, the Parliament can make between a Central and State law, the law made by Parliament

laws for the whole or any part of the country on any matter given shall prevail.

in the State List. (b) Parliament possesses residuary powers. It means that it can

(b) The Rajya Sabha may by a two-thirds majority pass a make laws with respect to all those matters which are not

resolution that it is necessary in the national interest to create mentioned in any of the three lists—the Union List, the State List

one or more All-India Services. Thereupon Parliament may by and the Concurrent List.

law create new services. This power of the Rajya Sabha is also (c) The President may promulgate an Ordinance at a time when
in keeping with the Federal character of the Constitution. We the Parliament is not in session. All Ordinances must be laid
know that members of the All-India Services hold many before both the Houses for their approval. Ordinances cease to
important posts in the States. Therefore, makers of the

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operate at the expiration of six weeks from the re-assembly of

Parliament unless they are approved by the Houses.

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