Deg) Fluid Mechanics Questions India's #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation eA een Gikees eed ease) Ce cienry Corea peor Download App MCQ Question 1 View this Question Online > In the stability of floating bodies, the stable equilibrium is attained if the meta centre (M) point ___ the centre of gravity (6). 1. lies above 2. coincides with 3. is parallel to 4. lies below Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1 : lies abovecoaching India's Super Teachers for all govt. exams Under One Roof 5 ee Nod With the aim of helping you gain knowledge, Testbook brings various chapters from Fluid Mechanics to help you ace your government job preparations. Stay tuned for more. Fluid Mechanics MCQ Question 1 Detailed Solution Explanation: In the stability of floating bodies, the stable equilibrium Is attained if the metacentre (M) point lies above the centre of gravity (6). The partially submerged body resembles the floating body, where the weight of the body is balanced by the buoyancy force acting in the upwards direction. The stability of the floating is governed by the metacentre of the floating body. Metacenter + It is the point about which a body starts oscillating when the body is tilted by a small angle. + itis the point where the line of action of buoyancy will meet the normal axis of the body when the body is given a small angular displacement. Stability of floating bodies: os Ley 7, 2 ke (| AL ld ty Stable equilbrium Mis aboveG Unstable equllibium M is below G 1. Stable equilibrium: The metacentre is above the centre of gravity of the body, then the disturbing couple is balanced by restoring couple, the will be in stable equilibrium. 2. Unstable equilibrium: The metacer couple is supported by restoring coup! is below the centre of gravity of the body, then t the body will be in unstable equilibrium disturbing 3. Neutral equilibrium: The metacentre and the centre of gravity coincides at the same point, then the body is in neutral equilibrium.Stability of submerged bodies: In the case of the submerged body the centre of gravity and centre of buoyancy is fixed, therefore the stability or instability is decided by the relative positions of the centre of buoyancy and the centre of aravity. 1, Stable equilibrium: For stable equilibrium, the body the centre of buoyancy Is above the centre of gravity. The disturbing couple is countered by the restoring couple. Free surface A Submerged body in Stable Equilibrium 2. Unstable equilibrium: For unstable equilibrium, the centre of buoyancy is below the centre of ca C of the body, the disturbing couple is supported by the restoring couple. Free surface N A Submerged body in Unstable Equilibrium 3. Neutral equilibrium: when the centre of gravity and the centre of buoyancy coincide then it is the state of neutral equilibrium.Free surface (a) (b) © A Submerged bod in Neutral Equilibrium eat ha) DR GoC DAR ce eescttcn Start Complete Exam Preparation aici (jee ieee foe rcere jownload App MCQ Question 2 View this Question Online > Bernoulli's equation is applied to 1. Venturimeter a 2. Orifice meter 3. Pitot tube meter © =~ 4. All of the above ~ ‘Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: All of the above Se ck a acCONCEPT: Bernoulli's principle: For a streamlined flow of an ideal liquid in a varying cross-section tube the total energy per unit volume remains constant throughout the fluid, + This means that in steady flow the sum of all forms of mechanical energy in a fluid along a streamline is the same at all points on that streamline. From Bemoull's principle P, P, at teh + ive= A +ghy + 3V5 P a © 4+gh+ hv? = constant. ~ EXPLANATION: * From above it is clear that Bernoulli's equation states that the summation of pressure head, kinetic head, and datum/potential head is constant for steady, incompressible, rotational, and non-viscous flow. * In other words, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy i. the total energy of a flowing system remains constant until an external force is applied. * So Bemoulli's equation refers to the conservation of energy. * Allof the above are the measuring devices like Venturimeter, Orifice meter, and Pitot tube meter works on the Bemoulli’s theorem. Therefore option 4 is correct. eee ee eee) Cee oe Start Complete Exam Preparation Cay esd Eis Crestetoras MCQ Question 3 ‘View this Question Online >Rain crops are spherical because of 1. viscosity of 2. air resistance 3. swear Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : surface tension forces Fluid Mechanics MCQ Question 3 Detailed Solution CONCEPT: Surface tension (S): + Itis the property by virtue of which the free surface of a liquid at rest behaves like elastic ‘stretched membrane tending to contract so as to occupy the minimum surface area. + Surface tension is measured as the force acting per unit length of an imaginary line at) the liquid surface. Bele Surface tension(S) = EXPLANATION: + The property of a fluid due to which it opposes the relative layers is called viscosity (or fluid friction or internal frie its different option 1 is incorrect. ~ A-small liquid drop hias a spherical shape, as have the minimum surface area and for area. Therefore option 3 is correct. Bjimportant Point Applications of Surface Tension tension the liquid surface tries to , the sphere has a minimum surface + The warm soup tastes tasty because its surface tension is low at high temperatures and the soup spreads on all parts of the tongue. + The phenomenon of rising or fall of liquid level inside a capillary tube when it is dipped in the liquid is called capillary action. + The capillary actions due to surface tension. * Capillary action draws the ink to the tips of fountain pen nibs from a reservoir or cartridge within the pen.2 es De see RST ia) PS ela me (CM hc uimede ele l iced) Roe ete een peso Doers Cees jownload App MCQ Question 4 View this Question Online > Ina stream line steady flow, two points A and B on a stream line are 1 m apart and the flow velocity varies uniformly from 2 m/s to 5 m/s. What is the acceleration of fluid at B? ‘ j 1. 3m/s? ) 2. 6m/s? 4.15 m/s? Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: 15 m/s? Fluid Mechanics MCQ Question 4 Detailed Solution Concept: For flow along a stream line acceleration Is given as ifV=f(s,t) then, WV = 20 ds + Wr de wv _9 For steady flow ae = =W yds Then@= os * &Since V = f(s) only for steady fl = WV a=-Vx@ Therefore Calculation: Given, Va = 2 m/s, Ve = 5 m/s, and distance s = 1m wv _ 6-2) _9 ie So acceleration of fluid at B is ag=Vpx ¥ =5x3=15 a & ieee ae acta Start Complete Exam Preparation rsucd ey ee Question Bank Ga eet Dao Download App MCQ Question 5 View this Question Online > A vertical triangular plane area, submerged in water, with one side in the free surface, vertex downward and latitude ‘h’ was the pressure centre below the free surface by 1. W/4 2 h/3 3. 2h/3 4. h/2 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: h/2Geometry ‘Centre of pressut xz I 2h > b ee, \ /\ “7\p + = — b ( )) = b ww | = a ap a a lat) Ly wePo eee een pact Start Complete Exam Preparation Ceca cot PV ao barteod ae is (=) cs) Rosine jownload App Cresieace pr MCQ Question 6 View this Question Online > Assuming constant temperature condition and air to be an ideal gas, the variation in atmospheric pressure with height calculated from fluid statics is 1. linears = ™.- 3. quadratic 4. cubic Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: exponential Fluid Mechanics MCQ Question 6 Detailed Solution Explanation: al P From hydrostatic law: Rate of increase of pressure in a vertical direction equal to the weight density of the fluid at that point.4 For a compressible fluid, density (0) changes with the change of pressure and temperature. Thus, eq (1) cannot be integrated directly. ~: Airis an ideal gas so, p= piRT (~ PV=mRT) dp __ op @ - t > 2 =-BI> P=-gZk s/#=[ pies inp=-Z «p= @9RT | ©. the atmospheric pressure varies exponentially with height. DL aC CR Goc Re eros Start Complete Exam Preparation a} Pac Oe 3} Pears ier! pretre jownload App Cresieorag MCQ Question 7 View this Question Online > The piezometric head in a static liquid: 1. remains constant only in a horizontal plane 2. remains constant at all points in the liquid 3. decreases linearly with depth below a free surface _ 4. increases linearly with depth below a free surface Answer (Detailed Solution Below) xX 2: femains constant at all points in the liquid Fluid Mechanics MCQ Question 7 Detailed SolutionExplanation: The total energy of a flowing fluid can be represented in terms of head, which is given by P4Pae ww oy The sum of the pressure head and hydrostatic pressure head is called the piezometric head. Itis given by Piezometrichead = 2, + 2 P where =7= pressure energy per unit weight or pressure head ye 27 = kinetic energy per unit weight or kinetic energy head Z = potential eneray per unit weight or elevation head The pressure at any point in a static fluid is ie \ ic law which is given by - Z=—p9 2 P =-poz +P =pgh where P = pressure above atmospheric pressure and h = height of the point from the free surface P, At point A, pressure head = —* = h, and datum head = z, Po At point B, pressure head = —? = hg and datum head = z3 4 P Piezometric head at point A = 37 + *=hg+Z,=H ; Py Piezometric head at point B = 3g hetZy=H -. piezometric head remains constant at all points in the liquid.India’s #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation ECan (ga) Dally Live Bored Pc aa Ec Cirsieurg Pyettry MCQ Question 8 View this Question Online > The property by virtue of which liquid opposes relative motion between its different layers is called 1. Surface tension 2. Cohesion 3. Viscosity 4. Capillarity > Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : Viscosity Fluid Mechanics MCQ Question 8 Detailed Solution CONCEPT: Viscous force (F): + When a layer of fluid slips or tends to slip on adjacent layers in contact, the two layers exert tangential force on each other which tries to destroy the relative motion between them. + The property of a fluid due to which it opposes the relative motion between its different layers is called viscosity (or fluid friction or intemal friction) and the force between the layers ‘opposing the relative motion is called viscous force. + The force acting between the different layers of a fluid is given by — F=-nA® Where n = coefficient of viscosity, A = area of the plane and dv/dx = velocity gradient. + A negative sign is employed because viscous force acts in a direction opposite to the flow ofliquid. ‘ + The Sl.unit of viscosity |s poiselulle (PI). Its other units are Nsm* or Pas. EXPLANATION: + Surface tension is the property by virtue of which liquid tries to minimize its free surface area and itis measured as the force acting per unit length of an imaginary line drawn on the liquid surface. Therefore option 7 isincorrect. + The force of attraction between molecules of same substance is celled the force of cohesion. Therefore option 2 \s HBOyect. + From above it is clear that the by virtue of which liquid opposes relative motion between its different layers is called viscosity. Therefore option 3 is correct. + If a tube of the very narrow bore (called capillary) is dipped in a liquid, itis found that the liquid in the capillary either ascends or descends relative to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillarity. Therefore option 4 is incorrect. vy ~ Bimportant Point + Cause of Viscosity: It is due to cohesion and molecular momentum exchange between fluid layers. * €.G.S Unit of viscosity is Poise = dyne-sec/em? * One Poise = 0.1 Pa.s * 1/100 Poise is called centipoises. Pa ee Lr het Sela meas) (CM bel de) Can cae ray Cpu kes poser lownload App ieereat ony MCQ Question 9 View this Question Online > For a pitot tube, the stagnation pressure head is 6.8 m, the static pressure head is 5 m, Cy = 0.9 and g = 10 == Calculate the velocity? 1. 9m/s 2. 11.24 m/s 3. 10.49 m/s4. 5.4m/s ‘Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4:5.4 m/s Ro ‘ ae a al CRC a Korres ied Sele merrell made erle lied) i Pins ibe Dr Dieser Cres eucrg Pyttra jownload App MCQ Question 10 View this Question Online > The pitot tube is used to measure 1. velocity at stagnation point 2. stagnation pressure3. static pressure 4. dynamic pressure Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2 : stagnation pressure