SLM G6 Dela

ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE OF ROXAS CITY, INC.
SHS
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 2022
FILIPINO FAMILIES OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR AND ITS SOCIAL

IMPACT TO THE GRADE 11 STUDENTS OF ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE
OF ROXAS INC.
A Descriptive-Correlational Research Submitted to the

Faculty of St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc.
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Senior High School
By
CRYSTAL ANN MARGARETTE ALBANA

MA. DANIELA CALLOS
RAYA MAE DELA
MARIAN JOYCE PANES
2022
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE OF ROXAS CITY, INC. SHS
APPROVAL SHEET
This is to certify that this research paper entitled “Filipino Families

Observable Behavior and Its Social Impact to The Grade 11 Students of St.
Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc.” prepared and submitted by Crystal – Ann
Margarette Albaña, Ma. Daniela Callos, Raya Mae Dela, and Marian Joyce
Panes, to fulfil part of the requirements for the Senior High School was
successfully defended and approved on February 04, 2022.
___________________________________
MARK ANTHONY B. BLACANO, LPT
Research Adviser
ORAL EXAMINATION COMMITTEE
___________________________________ ________________________________
TERESITA A. KATIGBAK, LPT, MaEd PEARLIE JOY FAJANIL, LPT, MA
Member Member
__________________________________________
RUBILYN B. SUMAYLO, RN, MSN, LPT, Ph. D
Chairman
The research paper is hereby officially accepted as partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the completion for the Research Subject in Senior High School.
_________________ _____________________________________
DATE RODNEL CHRISTIAN ANDRADA, LPT
SHS Principal
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers first and foremost thank God the Almighty Father for
giving them the strength and sustenance to accomplish this study.
The successful completion of this study did not rely on the researchers’
efforts alone but it depended greatly on the encouragement and guidelines of many
people. So the researchers take this opportunity to express their sincerest gratitude
to the following:
To Mr. Mark Anthony Blacano, Research teacher and adviser, for giving the
researchers moral support, and trust in conducting and making this research paper
and for having the patience in teaching and guiding them. Imparting to the
researchers his generous lending precious time in guiding, and encouraging the
researchers throughout the study.
To Mr. Rodnel Christian Andrada, Principal of Senior High School
Department, the researchers would like to extend their gratitude for the suggestions
for improvements and letting them conduct the study.
To Mrs. Rubilyn Bulquerin-Sumaylo, Dean of College of Nursing, as our
validator for research questionnaire, for being one of the panelists and for the
constructive comments of this research.

To Ms. Carla Jean Delfin, for being our statistician, for imparting her
knowledge about statistics and lending precious time in guiding the researchers.
To Mrs. Teresita Katigbak, for being the critique during the final defense,
one of our research questionnaire validator and for helping the researchers correct
errors for the improvement of this study.
To the Respondents, the Grade 11 Senior High School students of St.
Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. for participating in the researchers’ study.
The Researchers
C.A.M.A
M.D.C
R.M.D
M.J.P
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the Filipino Families observable behavior and
its social impacts to the respondents. This study used a quantitative research design.
The instrument used in gathering the needed data was the survey questionnaire.
The respondents of the study are the Grade 11 Filipino Senior High School students
of St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. and only 76 of them participated which
was conducted in this study. To determine the number of participants in grade
level, the stratified random sampling was utilized. A researchers-made
questionnaire was used to gather the data related to Filipino families observable
behavior and its social impact to the grade 11 students where the respondents of
this study. The result of this study revealed that the majority of the respondents are
17 years old and below, mostly are Female, majority of the respondents lives in
urban area. Among the Four categories: hospitality, respect and courtesy, family
ties and religion, and generosity and helpfulness, statistics found out that the most
evident Filipino family behavior of the respondents is hospitality (M = 4.57). In
terms of Hospitality all of the behaviors are most evident but particularly “making
sure the visitor had a great time visiting.” (M = 4.68) got the highest among all.
When it comes to the social impact of observable behaviors to the respondents the
over-all mean score implied that the impact of those observable behaviour is highly
evident. When grouped according to age, sex and home location of the respondent’s
observable behavior of their families and its impact, it concludes that it is not
significantly different.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Approval Sheet ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables xi
List of Figures xiii
List of Appendices xiv
CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction 1
Background of the Study 3
Statement of the Problem 5
Hypotheses 6
Theoretical Framework 6
Conceptual Framework 8
Significance of the Study 9
Scope and Delimitations 10
Definition of Terms 11
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES
Local Studies and Literatures 13
Foreign Studies and Literatures 18
Related Studies 25
Synthesis 27
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design 28
Population Frame 29
Research Instrument 29
Validity and Reliability 30
Statistical Treatment of Data 31
Data Gathering Procedures 32
CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION, AND

ANALYSIS OF DATA
Demographic Profile of the Respondents 34
Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior 35
Hospitality 37
Respect and Courtesy 39

Family Ties and Religion 40
Generosity and Helpfulness 42
Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 43

Behaviors When Grouped According to their Age

Behaviors When Grouped According to their Sex

Behaviors When Grouped According to their
Home Location
Impact of Observable Behavior to the 49

Respondents
Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors 51

When Grouped According to their Age

When Grouped According to their Sex

When Grouped According to Home Location
Relationship between Filipino Family’s 56

Observable Behavior and its Impact to the
Respondents
CHAPTER V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary 59
Conclusions 60
Recommendations 61
References 64
Appendices 69
About the Authors 91

LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Page
1 Distribution of Respondents. 29
2 Interpretation of the Mean Scores 31
3 Demographic Profile of the Respondents 33
4 Filipino Family Observable Behavior 35
5 Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms of 37

hospitality

respect and courtesy

family ties and religion

generosity and helpfulness
9 Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 43

Behaviors When Grouped According to their Age

Behaviors When Grouped According to their Sex

Behaviors When Grouped According to their Home
Location
12 Impact of Observable Behavior to the Respondents 48
13 Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors when 50

Grouped According to their Age
14 Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors When 52

Grouped According to their Sex
15 Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors When 54

Grouped According to Home Location
16 Relationship between Filipino Family’s Observable 56

Behavior and its Impact to the Respondents
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Page
1 Filipino Families Observable Behavior and Its Social 8

Impact to the Grade 11 of St. Anthony College of
Roxas City, Inc.
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
A Letter Request for Validator 70
B Letter Request for Statistician 72
C Letter Request for Research Adviser 73
D Research Questionnaire 74
E Survey, Statistics, and Test Results 78

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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
In this generation, Filipino family’s behavior is phenomenon. This topic is
very relevant to each and every individual. Filipino families have different
behaviors that can affect each member of the family, especially to their children.
Most individuals are used to the habits and cultures of their own family that can
influence their personal development and can cause a big impact on their living.
Families are the first one who expound the personalities and traits of each member
of the household.
Every individual influenced by their families regarding to their own culture
and behaviors are responsible for their own growth and the development of
personalities of one another. The behavior of Filipino Families differs to every
interaction between the environment they are living in and the values that every
individual possessed. It is the basis of how a person behaves, acts or reacts, and is
interrelated with one another. Every individual's behaviors reflect on the whole
family; it can give unity or disunity, pride or shame to the family. The family plays
a big role in acquiring the behavior of their own family members, especially their
children; we must not forget that children acquire them largely through their
imitation and recognition of adults. The first experience of behavior a child
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acquires in the family environment, where the behavior system shapes daily
interactions and activities. One of the ways to successful parenting is to instill
family behavior in the younger generation. Each member of the family is more
effective if they know what the behaviors they imitate to their own self are and how
those behaviors influence the other members of the family. The more that each
family is conscious of the behavior they want to transmit and the more that they
know the best ways of transmitting it, the more likely that each family member,
especially the children’s, will learn and incorporate those behaviors. Families have
the same shared characteristics as they tend to be, a relational group, sharing a
space for a long period of time and interpersonal relationship that evolve through
the exchange of meaning over time. In every household, positive and negative traits
influence a certain individual giving rise to becoming socially aware when
interacting with other people. This study is conducted to pin-out the observable
behaviors of every Filipino family for us every individual to be aware of it, also to
break the stereotypes among the characteristics of every Filipino citizen believes
and the needs of change about the negative perspective that a family in a society
omits or acts. An individual’s behavior may differ, and this we can see the different
impact not only on the children but to everyone in our circles whom we get along
with. Social impact might be the predominant reason why among the children in
younger years as of now are not that responsible to obey the things in their
circumambience. It is important that we should be aware of someone’s negative
behaviors in order for us to be mindful of, owing to the fact that it might be a
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necessary way for the younger generation’s future, also to be aware of what aspects
do we pass on to our family members. Every member of a family, especially the
parents acquires different personalities that will take hold the personal development
of their children and also they can influence their parents of what personality they
have as a child. Our parents, grandparents and other family members set us some
behaviors that shape how we interact with others. Because of this, we continually
form the idea of what it means to be a family, and try to maintain that thought of
family in our lives. We can define family as our immediate family, consists of our
parents and siblings. Each of us perform different communication behaviors to
maintain the image of family we grew up with.
Background of the Study
In the Philippines one of the behaviors of the Filipino families must observe
their duties and responsibilities to guarantee a better relationship among the
members in their household. Filipino families have positive and negative behavior.
Some behavior can be toxic such that they tolerate their own relatives in dreadful
things, they teach them to discover inappropriate stuffs, things, words and etc.,
there are also Filipino families whom Christ centered, appreciates and value one
another. Members of the family required to show respect to their elders at all times
whereas the elders are much superior that takes the lead in every actions. However,
children’s opinions are considered to be secondary to their superior and they are
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expected to obey adults and sacrifice their own interests to prioritize the obligations
to their family, this behavior can affect and influence a lot to their children
Nowadays, it is precisely common that most individuals are feel pressured
from what their families expected them to be. Those who belongs to a family with
toxic parenting, they are the ones who grows up experiencing lack of support from
their families, felt unappreciated, and worst is being abused either physically or
mentally. Most of the behavior issues in a household can have a major impact to
the members of a family especially to their child's bodily and social development.
Some group of families are rivals to every property that one has; it is timely
relevant rationale why individual’s family aren't good to each other; also the main
reason why the Filipino families are considered as toxic one. We can’t jump in to
conclusion in this study wherein majority of us has a different attitude, behavior of
every individual’s family. By this study we will throw light on to every individual’s
perception about the behavior of every Filipino Families.
According to Gelyka Dumaraos (year 2018), you should know about
Filipino culture. Filipinos are very resilient. Filipinos take pride in their families. In
the Philippines, it is family first. So whether you are part of the immediate family
or you belong to the third or fourth generation, you are treated as a family member.
Filipinos are very religious. Filipinos are very respectful. Filipinos help one
another, more popularly known as “bayanihan”. Filipinos value traditions and
culture for Filipinos. Filipinos love to hold celebrations and fiestas.
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Statement of the Problem
The primary purpose of this study is to determine the Filipino Families
Observable Behavior and its Social Impact to the Grade 11 Students of St. Anthony
College of Roxas, City, Inc.
Specifically, this study aims to answer the following:
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex,
and home location?
2. What is the level of awareness on the observable behavior of the Filipino
family according to the respondents?
3. What is the social impact of the observable behavior to the respondents?
4. Is there a significant difference on the level of awareness on the behavior
of Filipino families when group according to age, sex, and home location?
5. Is there significant difference on the social impact of the behavior of
Filipino families when group according to age, sex, and home location?
Hypotheses
The null hypotheses of this study are:
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Hypotheses
The null hypotheses of this study are:
1. There is no significant difference on the level of awareness on the
behaviour of Filipino families when group according to age, sex, and
home location
2. There is no significant difference on the social impact of the behaviour
of Filipino families when group according to age, sex, and home
location
Theoretical Framework
This study is anchored to the theory of Behaviorism by JB Watsons an
American Psychologist who states that, the behavior of every individual is adopted
from the environment. In his view, was restricted to the objective, experimental
study of the relations between environmental events and human behavior.
Watsonian behaviorism became the dominant psychology in the United
States during the 1920s and ’30s where he then taught. He articulated his first
statements on behaviorist psychology in the epoch-making article “Psychology as a
Behaviorist Views It” (1913), claiming that psychology is the science of human
behavior, which, like animal behavior, should be studied under exacting laboratory
conditions.
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It guides us to be conscious of an individual’s traits, but the main perquisite
of specific theory is the development of an effective intervention approach. This
theory is applicable to the study of behaviors of Filipino families owing to the fact
that it can clearly and assuredly support our study as this theory roams around
between every and each individual's behavior. As Watson takes his theory of
behaviorism and applies it to a child's development, he believed strongly that a
child's environment is the factor that shapes behaviors and builds them up as the
development stages occur. As what Watson believed, which environment surrounds
us is responsible for what we become as a person. 'To predict, given the stimulus,
what reaction will take place; or, given the reaction, state what the situation or
stimulus is that has caused the reaction.' (Watson, 1930)
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Conceptual framework
Independent Variables Dependent Variable
Demographic Profile of the  Observable

Behaviour
Respondents:
 Age
 Sex
 Home Location
 Social Impact
Figure 1.
Filipino Families Observable Behavior and Its Social Impact to the Grade 11 of St.
Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc.
The schematic diagram in figure 1 shows the possible variation of the
independent and the dependent variables of the study. It shows that the dependent
variable was influenced by the independent variables.
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Significance of the Study
This study will be beneficial to the following:
Students. The outcome of this study will help the students to be aware and know
how to handle the different level of behavior of every Filipino Families.
Parents. The outcome of this study will help the parents identify every behavior
and traits of every family member in their household.
Readers. The outcome of this study will be beneficial to the readers to be
knowledgeable about the behaviors of every Filipino family.
Family Ties. The outcome of this study will help every family ties to know the
importance of family and to be conscious on how they are going to handle their
behavior, and to be aware on how it affects to every member of the family.
Community. The outcome of this study will benefit the community in terms of
understanding and respecting every individual to their behavior.
Future Researcher. The outcome of this study will be beneficial to the future
researchers and will serve as input if they intend to conduct similar studies.
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Scope and Delimitation of the study
This study will be conducted at St. Anthony College of Roxas City,
Incorporated, and utilizes 89 Grade 11 STEM students. This study focuses on the
Observable Behavior and its Social Impact to the Filipino Families of the
respondents. The instrument used in gathering the needed data was the survey
questionnaire. The statistical tools used to analyze and interpret the gathered data
were the Frequency, measure the number of occurrences of a particular score in a
given set of data and tells the number of times a data value occurs. Mean is used to
measure the central location of numerical data set or the distribution of random
variable. Percentage is used to determine “how much” or “how many” of the
respondents gave a particular answer. T-test allows us to compare the average
values of the two data sets and determine if they came from the same population it
is used as a hypothesis testing tool, which allows testing of an assumption
applicable to a population, and F-test also known as Anova test is used if you have
more than 2 variables to have an information about. Pearson – R is a numerical
summary of the strength of the linear association between the variables. If the
variables tend to go up and down together, the correlation coefficient will be
positive.
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Definition of Terms
The purpose of this is for clarity and better understanding of this study, the
following terms were defined in the context of this investigation.
Age. Age is the level in years that a person has reached in any area of development,
such as mental or emotional, compared with the normal level for his chronological
age. Collins Dictionary (2011). In this study, the age is used to determine the years
of living among the respondents in demographic profile.
Behavior. Behavior is the way a person or animal acts or behaves. Meriam-
Webster Dictionary (2022). In this study, the behavior is used to determine its
social impact to the respondents
Circumambience. Encompassing on all sides; surrounding. The free dictionary by
Farlex (2016). In this study it is used to determine the surroundings.
Demographics. Pertain to age, sex, and ethnicity, level of education, disabilities,
employment, and socio-economic status as well as topic-specific characteristics
(American Psychological Association, 2009). In this study demographics refer to
the demographic profile of the students specifically their age, sex and home
location.
Gender. Gender is defined as socially constructed norms and ideologies which
determine the behavior and actions of men and women, according to the World
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Development Report WDR (2012). In this study, gender is used to determine the
basic information about the respondent.
Perquisite. Something expected or regarded as an exclusive right. Harper Collins
Publisher (2004). In this study it is used to distinguish the major point or the benefit
of the theory to our study.
Predominant. Describes a person or thing with great power or influence, or
something that is prevalent. Vocabulary.com (2021). In this study it is used to
describe that social impact influences the behavior of the younger generation.
Shapes. to decide or influence the form of something, especially a belief or idea, or
someone's character. Cambridge Dictionary (2021). In this study shape is used to
distinguish that in the theory of Watsons the children itself molds their behavior
from the environment they’re in.
Stimuli. Something that incites to action or exertion or quickens action, feeling,
and thought. Random House Unabridged Dictionary of American English (2021).
In this study it is used to determine that the behavior is found in an interesting
environment.
Toxic. Toxic causing you a lot of harm and unhappiness over a long period of time
is anyone whose behavior adds negativity and upset to your life. Cambridge
University (2021). In this study it is used to determine the traits of the families that
are unacceptable.
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES
This chapter presents a review of literature relevant to our study. It consists
related literature whose implications are to some extend related to the investigation
at hand.
Local Studies and Literatures
According to Dumaraos (2018), from 11 things you should know about
Filipino culture. Filipinos are very resilient. In times of calamities and
catastrophes, Filipinos always manage to rise above the challenge. Instead of
wallowing, they manage to pick themselves up and smile. Filipinos take pride in
their families. In the Philippines, it is family first. So whether you are part of the
immediate family or you belong to the third or fourth generation, you are treated as
a family member. Sometimes, even the closest of friends are considered family,
too. Filipinos are very religious in all corners of a Filipino house, you can find
brazen images of crosses and other religious paraphernalia. They go to church
every Sunday, or sometimes even twice or three times a week. Filipinos are very
respectful from the moment they are born into this world, they are already taught
how to be respectful by using these simple catchphrase “po and opo”, words that
end sentences when addressing elders. They have a culture of “pagmamano”,
which is where they raise the backs of the hands of their elders to their foreheads as
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a sign of respect. Filipinos help one another, more popularly known
as “bayanihan”. Filipinos help one another without expecting anything in return so
that undertaking their tasks and responsibilities become much easier.
Family values refers to those norms that emerge from our experiences
within the family structure and that inform our understanding of that social
construction we call the family. Just as family structures have changed over time
and vary across cultures, so too have attitudes about the family, its relationship to
society, and its relative value in the social order. These changes within the family
and society often have occasioned fierce debate and have led to contested claims
about the nature and definition of family and those values that represent the many
and varied forms of family life. (Arrighi, 2018)
The main feature of family values, their essential difference from the other
components of parenthood is that all three components are emotions alloy, feelings,
beliefs, and behavioral manifestations, that is, the components connection with
each other is very strong and the impact on one of them directly affects the others.
(Zakirova et al., 2016)
Family plays a crucial role in how a child develops their traits and
characteristics; more often than not, having their child’s personalities is influenced
by their parents' actions. (De Figueiredo, 2012)
According to Pocsidio et al. (2021), Externalizing Behaviors and Family
Influences on Filipino Urban Adolescents, from Journal of Humanities and Social
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Sciences Studies, through the social learning theory and this data, it is observable
that the externalized behaviors that children can manifest can be affected by the
parents’ influences. This could be inferred through children being impressionable
in their formative years as they grow up.
According to Datu (2012), It is frequent for fathers to make crucial
decisions on situations where critical judgments are called for in a family like
choosing the educational plan of children, selecting the educational institutions
where the children will study and the likes which are commonly seen. Given that, it
is observable how influential fathers are in the capacities of their children to elicit
wide array of behaviors, even in decisions that would involve children’s
occupational orientation. Since the students’ contact with their fathers can be
considered as a fundamental dimension in predicting behaviors of children, it is
imperative to look at how the strategies they use in rearing their children, that is,
their parenting styles, can affect not just the ability of their children to choose a
course in college Family relationships, between mother and child, father and child,
and siblings are the first relationships we form in our lives. Positive relationships
with parents and siblings help a child grow mentally, emotionally, and physically,
whereas negative family relationships can have detrimental effects later in life.
(Jones, 2011)
According to Garcia et al. (2012), Parental efficacy, experience of stressful
life events, and child externalizing behavior as predictors of Filipino mothers’ and
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fathers’ parental hostility and aggression, Path analyses showed that mothers’
report of child externalizing behavior predicted subsequent parental hostility and
aggression. For fathers, child externalizing behavior and experience of stressful life
events predicted parental hostility and aggression. Additionally, fathers’ parental
efficacy was found to moderate the relationship between experience of stressful life
events and parental hostility and aggression. Results suggest that child
externalizing behavior and experience of stressful life events have direct relations
to parental hostility and aggression, while parental efficacy has a moderating effect
to it. The differences between the results for fathers and mothers are explained in
the context of distinct parenting roles and parenting in the local context.
In Filipino and other Asian families, instrumental forms of support are more
typical than overt demonstrations of warmth (e.g., praise; Ng & Wang, 2019). For
instance, Filipino parents prepare a favorite meal, or provide school needs despite
financial hardships, to signify positive regard (Alampay & Rothenberg, in press).
Filipino parents have also been found to hold traditional and authoritarian attitudes
toward childrearing, valuing obedience more than self-direction such authoritarian
attitudes are positively associated with the endorsement and use of corporal
punishment, with years of education inversely associated with these attitudes and
behaviors. (Jocson et al., 2012). Mothers were most frequently identified as using
corporal punishment, likely because they are most engaged in caregiving, followed
by fathers, older brothers, and older sisters. (Mamauag et al., 2021)
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As studied by de Leon (2012), The results of her study “Methods and
Practices of Urban Filipino Parents in Promoting Mabuting Asal among Preschool
Children” suggested that developing positive social behaviors in children is indeed
one of the socialization goals of these parents. The parents who participated shared
a number of these positive social behaviors or mabuting asal that they would want
their children to learn. These include being (1) polite and respectful especially to
adults, (2) obedient, (3) caring towards their siblings, (4) helpful, and (5) generous
(i.e., share food and toys to siblings and playmates). They all believe that having
these qualities would allow their children to become socially adjusted, well-
mannered children who in the future will become competent adults capable of
discerning what is right from wrong. These parents also agree that the home is
where children should learn these qualities, and that the parents are the ones
primarily responsible for teaching these behaviors to the young ones
The family dynamics in the Philippines provides an interesting case study
because of the inherent qualities that encompass the typical Filipino family. It is
clear that Filipinos value the family, and there are reasons to believe that they share
the same family values. (Morillo et al., 2013)
The study of Garcia and Alampay (2012), Parental Efficacy, Experience of
Stressful Life Events, and Child Externalizing Behavior as Predictors of Filipino
Mothers’ and Fathers’ Parental Hostility and Aggression acknowledges that
parenting is not unidirectional, in that the child can influence the parent in the same
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way that the parent can influence the child. Additionally, fathers’ parental efficacy
was found to moderate the relationship between experience of stressful life events
and parental hostility and aggression. Results suggest that child externalizing
behavior and experience of stressful life events have direct relations to parental
hostility and aggression, while parental efficacy has a moderating effect to it.
According to Morillo et al. (2013), a child needs both parents and a woman needs a
child to be fulfilled.
Each child is vulnerable and can either be molded to be successful or made
to fail in life. (Bartolome et al., 2017). Stronger evidence of the role of knowledge
of child development in supporting parenting outcomes comes from intervention
research. Randomized controlled trial interventions have found that parents of
young children showed increases in knowledge about children’s development and
practices pertaining to early childhood care and feeding (Alkon et al., 2014;
Yousafzai et al., 2015).
Foreign Studies and Literatures
Catholic Culture and Filipino Families. In Faith, Family, and Filipino
American Community Life. (Cheery, 2014). Filipino Americans gathered to
celebrate a thanksgiving mass at St. Catherine’s Catholic Church in Houston. The
service was led by St. Catherine’s resident first- generation Filipino American
priest, Monsignor Father José. Those in attendance, also largely first- generation
Filipino immigrants, wore brightly colored barongs and baro’t saya (Ta) or
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Maria Claras, the traditional formal shirts and dresses worn by Filipinos on
special occasions. Coming from all over Houston and neighboring cities, they
represented Filipinos from nearly every Philippine region and province that has
immigrated to the United States since 1965, and the vast cultural diversity among
them. The annual Independence thanksgiving mass, which is followed by food,
traditional dances, and singing at the fellowship hall, is the largest single gathering
of Filipinos in the city each year. It is also a rare opportunity for Father José, a
respected leader among many Filipino Americans, to address the entire community.
At the beginning of his homily, Father José, speaking in Tagalog, proclaimed,
“Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa kayang pinanggalingan ay hindi
makararating sa kanyang paroroonan” loosely translated as, “Those who do
not know how to look back at their past or where they came from will not
reach their destination.” It is a well- known Filipino idiom, one that Father José
used to discuss his hopes for the future of the Filipino American community and
the importance of remembering the past.
The utility value of an academic task can affect university students' learning
behavior and career choices. For collectivistic-oriented students, learning and
career goals also matter to their families. Following expectancy-value theory, we
assumed that families' achievement-related expectations would affect collectivistic-
oriented students' utility value. Mok, Sog Yee et al., from International Journal for
Educational and Vocational Guidance (2021)
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Family rules help children understand what behaviors are okay and not
okay. As children grow, they will be in places where they have to follow rules.
Following rules at home can help children learn to follow rules in other places. It is
normal for children to break rules and test limits. Consistent follow through with
consequences when rules are broken help your child have a clear understanding
about the importance of rules. Remember, young kids sometimes break rules
because they simply forget. Not all broken rules occur because kids are testing the
limits. But, our responses should be the same no matter what the reason for
breaking the rule. For family rules to work well, everyone needs to know,
understand, and follow the rules. By doing this, children don’t get mixed messages
about what is okay or not okay. For example, you know screen time should be
limited for young children and you want dinner time to be family time so you set a
family rule that no screens are allowed during dinner time. If another caregiver
checks their phone during dinner, your child may be confused. Your child’s
behavior will be better if all caregivers support the rules in the same way. This is
true for parents, grandparents, or any other caregivers in your child’s life. The
number of rules you set depends on your child’s ability to understand and
remember. It is also hard for parents to consistently enforce lots of new rules.
(Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Preschoolers, 2019)
The concept of family involvement has consistently emphasized the
importance of and need for family support in children’s education. Baker et al.
(2016), ‘behavior problems’ are having major impact on child's bodily and social
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development. The family provides emotional support to an individual as well as
plays a major role in the formation of one's personality. The quality and nature of
the parental nurturance that the child receives will profoundly influence his future
development. The knowledge of these family factors associated with behavior
problems may be helpful to identify at risk children. (Jogdand and Naik, 2014).
Parents and friends generally play a role in shaping the behavior and beliefs of an
individual—through parent expectations or peer pressure.
Guo (2014), “Influencing factors can ultimately be categorized under nature
or nurture”. Nature is the predisposition one is born with while nurture includes
how one is shaped by his or her family, friends and environment. “You can be born
into a family where everyone’s naturally extroverted, and you’re introverted,”
psychologist Stacey Max said. “You are born with a certain temperament. Then,
certain experiences and certain people around you shape you, and that’s the nurture
part.” Attitudes most frequently considered involve the degree of warmth and
acceptance or coldness and rejection that exists in the parent-child relationship, as
well as the extent to which parents are permissive or restrictive in the limits they set
for their offspring. Researchers have also studied more situation-specific thoughts
or schemas – filters through which parents interpret and react to events, particularly
ambiguous ones. These include cognitions such as beliefs about parenting abilities,
expectations about what children are capable of or should be expected to do, and
reasons why children have behaved in a particular way. (Grusec and Danyliuk,
2014)
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Behavioral problems of one child may also impact the behavior of other
children in the household. In a 2010 study published in the "American Journal on
Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities," University of California researchers
found that in children ages 5 to 8 years, siblings of a child with behavioral
disturbances had more negative behaviors and less positive emotional profiles. This
research supports the notion that brothers and sisters of children with identified
emotional or behavioral disturbances should be involved in treatment interventions
alongside their siblings. Causwell (2017)
Parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices are shaped not only by each
other but also by a number of contextual factors, including children's characteristics
(e.g., gender, temperament); parents' own experiences (e.g., those from their own
childhood) and circumstances; expectations learned from others, such as family,
friends, and other social networks; and cultural systems. Of particular relevance to
this study, the contextual factors that influence parenting knowledge, attitudes, and
practices also include the supports available within the larger community and
provided by institutions, as well as by policies that affect the nature and availability
of supportive services. National Academy of Sciences (2016).
Case-study of the High School Student’s Family Values Formation.
International Journal of Environmental & Science Education (2016) the family
gives a sense of continuity of generations, belonging to the history of his family,
gives rise to ideals of patriotism, can reveal abilities and talents of each member.
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Besides, it is the family that has a great influence on the formation of personality. It
is the family, with its constant and natural influence which is intended for building
the child’s character traits, beliefs, attitudes to the world and his world outlook.
Therefore, the picking out of educational functions of the family has a social
meaning.
The stage of youth serves as a preparation for the social role which is being
handled by the individual in his life and which starts from the family, which
requires understanding the nature of the problems facing young people and then
working to avoid and minimize their impact to help provide the psychological and
social conditions that are suitable to take over the future role. Educational
Administration and Assets Department Faculty of Educational Sciences. University
of Jordan (2016)
Families affect children’s learning behaviors and academic achievement in
important ways, as they are the primary and most significant environments that the
children are exposed to. Coleman’s report (2016) shows that families may play
even more important roles in student’s academic achievement than schools and
communities. Since then, the line of empirical research on family background and
children’s achievement has found that the family social economic statuses may
affect children’s academic achievements more than the At the most basic level,
children must receive the care, as reflected in a number of emotional and
physiological protections, necessary to meet normative standards for growth and
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physical development, such as guidelines for healthy weight and receipt of
recommended vaccinations. Institute of Medicine and National Research Council
(2015).
Young children rely on parents and other primary caregivers, inside and
outside the home, to act on their behalf to protect their safety and healthy
development. Institute of Medicine and National Research Council (2015).
It is worth noting that the research base regarding the association between
parental knowledge and child outcomes is much smaller than that on parenting
practices and child outcomes. Winter et al., (2012).
Stronger evidence of the role of knowledge of child development in
supporting parenting outcomes comes from intervention research. Randomized
controlled trial interventions have found that parents of young children showed
increases in knowledge about children's development and practices pertaining to
early childhood care and feeding. Yousafzai et al., (2015).
Fathers' understanding of their young children's development in language
and literacy is associated with being better prepared to support their children.
Cabrera et al., (2014).
Autonomy, in contrast to forced behavior, reflects actions that arise from
the agency of the self rather than others. Chen et al., (2013).
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Adolescents with non-authoritative parents are more likely to desire for
more behavioral autonomy which is not satisfied in an appropriate way. Bush and
Peterson, (2013).
Parents who exercise their authority are satisfied when their adolescent
children respect them, which helps maintain harmonious relationships in the family
(Zhang et al., 2006; Jensen and Dost-Gözkan, 2015). impact of schools. (Li, Z.,
Qiu, Z., 2018)
Related Studies
Filipino Family Values: Pakikisama • “Pakikisama” or Getting along well
with people – The yearning of the Filipinos to be accepted and well-liked by his
friends, colleagues, boss and even relatives steers them perform “pakikisama”. The
word “pakikisama” means helping others. This trait usually fosters cooperation and
doing good deeds which are favorable to other people. Filipino Family Values:
“Utang na Loob” or Debt of Gratitude – Usually a system of obligation, when
applied it gives duty and responsibility on the part of the young siblings to serve
and repay the favors done to them sooner or later. “Pagpapahalaga sa Pamilya” or
Putting importance to family. This implies that a person will put a high regards and
concerns over the family before anything else.
This is one of the reasons why a father or a mother in a Filipino family will
seek employment abroad just to earn decent earnings for their family, to meet the
family’s basic needs and want. “Hiya” or Shame – This controls the social behavior
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of Filipino. It is a value that makes a Filipino be obedient and be respectful to
parents, older siblings and authorities. It is also a key ingredient to the loyalty of
one’s family. (Cabayaran, Jeraldine. 2015)
According to Pocsidio et al., (2021) it is observable that the externalized
behaviors that children can manifest, can be affected by the parents’ influences.
This could be inferred through children being impressionable in their formative
years as they grow up. For the aggressive behaviors of an adolescent, it can be
observed that parent’s aggressive tendencies and the other abusive behaviors
parents exhibit can heavily influence this as these domains are seen to be a
significant predictor for onset manifestation for aggression as an externalized
behavior. We can say the same thing for the delinquency variable; with
aggression directly related to delinquency, we can infer from the data and
the theoretical approach that parents’ abusive behavior is also a solid and
significant predictor for delinquency being manifested.
This study provides an insight on how externalized behaviors are affected
and manifested by adolescents through family influences, explicitly focusing on
their parent’s abusive behaviors such as aggressive tendencies, alcohol
encouragement, level of intoxication to alcohol, and general antisocial behaviors.
With that, the study’s findings give importance to how children are affected by
external influences—namely, family influences on their development and
behaviors. Externalized behaviors are defined as a group of behavior problems
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directed to an external environment. (Externalizing Behaviors: Examples &
Definition, 2015) as an externalized behavior.
Synthesis
This study focuses on the behavior among the Filipino families which states
that every member of the family plays a big role in acquiring behavior, we must not
forget that children acquire them largely through their imitation and recognition of
adults. The first experience of values a child acquires in the family environment,
where the value system shapes daily interactions and activities. One of the ways of
successful parenting is to instill family values in the younger generation. Each
member of the family is more effective if they know what the behavior they imitate
to their own self are and how those behavior and values influence the other member
of the families. Mostly each family are conscious of the values and behavior they
want to transmit and the more that they know the best ways of transmitting it, it is
more apparent that each family member especially the children will learn and
incorporate those values and behavior.
Therefore, we can say that our research study “Filipino Families Observable
Behavior and Its Social Impact to the Grade 11 Students of St. Anthony College of
Roxas City, Inc.”, and the literatures provided are interchangeable since our related
literature states about the different perceptions of Family’s behavior and values that
can credibly support the study to be conduct.
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research design, place and respondents of the
study, research instrument, data gathering procedure, data processing procedure and
the statistical tools used to analyze and interpret the data to be gather.
Research Design
The research design used in this study is the survey technique of descriptive
- correlational research strategy. According to Best Kahn (2006), Descriptive –
Correlational uses quantitative methods to describe what is, describing, recording,
analyzing and interpreting conditions that exist. It involves some type of
comparison or contrast and attempts to discover relationships between existing
non-manipulated variables. It is primarily concerned with the present, although it
often considers past events and influences as they relate to current conditions.
This research design was deemed appropriate for this particular study
because the survey is use to gather data regarding to the ‘Filipino Families
Observable Behavior and its Social Impact”.
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Population Frame
This study will be conducted at St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. a
private Catholic Institution in Roxas City, Capiz Philippines.
The respondents of the study are the Filipino Grade 11 Senior High School
students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. and only 76 of them
participated which will be conducted in this study.
Table 1. Distribution of
Number of Grade 11 Students of Population Percent
St. Anthony College of Roxas City,
Respondents.
Inc.
Grade 11 – SVP 38 50%
Grade 11 - SAP 38 50%
Total 76 100%
Research Instrumentation
The data needed in this study to be gather is the use of researcher’s made
questionnaires. The research instrument to be use in gathering the needed data is
the questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of three (3) parts; Part I is the
demographic profile of the respondents, Part II is the Extent of Observable
Behavior of Filipino Families, and Part III is the Impact of Observable Behavior of
Filipino Families.
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Each item raised under each aspect gave the respondents 5 options to
choose for their answer. The options were as follows:
Score Response Categories

5 Most Evident
4 More Evident or Highly Evident
3 Evident
2 Less Evident
1 Never Evident
Validity and Reliability
The data needed in this study to be gather is the use of Researchers Made
questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared by the researchers with the guidance
of the adviser and was then submitted to the panel of experts for content validation.
Comments, suggestions and recommendations were taken in before subjected to
reliability testing. We conducted a pilot testing then it undergoes Reliability testing.
To test the reliability of the questionnaire, it was pilot tested to thirty (30) Senior
High School Grade 12 students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. who
were not part of the actual conduct of the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
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The data gathered was tabulated and computed using appropriate statistical
tools. To determine the profile of the Grade 11 students, frequency and percentage
was used. To determine the level of awareness on observable behaviors of the
respondents, mean was used. To determine the significant difference of the
Observable Behavior of the respondents when they are grouped according to age
(17 years old and below) or (18 years old and above), sex (male or female) and) t-
test for independence was used. The level of significance was set at 0.05 alpha.
Table 2. Interpretation of
the Mean Scores
Score Response Mean Score Verbal Interpretation
Categories
5 Most Evident 4.21 – 5.00 Very Remarkable Manner

4 More or 3.41 – 4.20 Remarkable Manner
Highly
Evident
3 Evident 2.61 – 3.40 Ordinary Manner
2 Less Evident 1.81 – 2.60 Negligible Manner
1 Not Evident 1.00 – 1.80 Not Manifested
Data Gathering Procedures
To collect the data in this study, the researchers prepared the questionnaire
with the use of Google Forms, an online survey tool by G - workspace and
distributed to seventy-six (76) Senior High School students of St. Anthony College
of Roxas City, Inc. The researchers gave a letter to the participants. The
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participants in the research were informed that their involvement was voluntary and
anonymous and that all the data would be managed confidentially for solely
research purposes.
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CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION, AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
This chapter presents the gathered data in terms of the results, analysis and
interpretation conducted. It consists of two parts: descriptive data analysis and
inferential data analysis that will study on the demographic profile of the
respondents, Filipino family’s observable behavior, and social impact to the
respondents. Furthermore, the difference of the Filipino family’s observable
behavior and its social impact to the respondents when grouped according to their
age, sex, and home location can be derived from the result of the study and were
discussed in this chapter.
TableVARIABLES
3. Demographic FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Age:
Profile of the Respondents
17 years old - below 74 97.4%
18 years old - above 2 2.6%
TOTAL 76 100%
Sex:
Male 9 11.8%
Female 67 88.2%
TOTAL 76 100%
Home Location:
Urban 52 68.4%
Rural 24 31.6%
TOTAL 76 100%
Demographic Profile of the Respondents
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Table 3 displays the distribution of the 76 respondents covered in this study
according to selected variables, namely: age, sex, and home location. Statistics
revealed that 74 of them (97.4%) were with ages 17 years old – below which is the
majority among the respondents and only 2 out of 76 respondents (2.6%) were with
ages 18 years old – above. It was also shown on the result that majority of the
respondents are female which is 67 out of 76 respondents (88.2%) and there are 9
male respondents (11.8%) who participated the study. Lastly, majority of the
respondents that is 52 out of 76 (68.4%) lives in urban area and there are 24 out 76
respondents (31.6%) who lives in rural area.
Results of the study agree to the findings of Croes and Bartel (2021), from
Young adults’ motivations for following social influencers and their relationship to
identification and buying behavior wherein the majority of the respondents in their
study were female (73%) than male (26%). Whereas our results from the
respondents’ profile revealed when grouped according to their gender, the majority
were female with 84.4%. In terms of age group, it is somehow relevant for it is
within the range of their age group results of findings, where the respondents in
their study that aged 16-19 years old was dominant than to 20-25 years old,
whereas to our results, the respondents aged 17 years old below is dominant than to
respondents aged 18 years old above.
FILIPINO FAMILY M VERBAL
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OBSEVABLE BEHAVIOR INTERPRETATION

Hospitality 4.57 Most Evident
Respect and Courtesy 4.01 Highly Evident
Family Ties and Religion 3.29 Evident
Generosity and
3.55 Highly Evident
Helpfulness
OVERALL 3.86 Highly Evident
Table 4. Filipino Family

Observable Behavior
Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior
The table 4 presents the Filipino family’s observable behaviors as assessed
by the respondents through four categories namely; hospitality (M = 4.57), respect
and courtesy (M = 4.01), family ties and religion (M = 3.29), and generosity and
helpfulness (M = 3.55). Base on the result, it was found out that the most evident
Filipino family behavior of the respondents is hospitality (M = 4.57). It is followed

Note: Interpretation is based on the following scale: 4.21- 5.00 (Most Evident) 3.41- 4.20 (Highly Evident),
2.61-3.40(Evident), 1.81-2.60(Less Evident), and 1.000 – 1.80 (Not Evident)
by respect and courtesy (M = 4.01), and generosity and helpfulness (M = 3.55) that
is highly evident behavior of the respondents. In terms of family ties and religion,
this behavior is also evident (M = 3.29) among the respondents but is least evident
among the other categories. In general, the Filipino family’s observable behavior is
highly evident among the respondents.
The result implies that the respondents highly possessed the Filipino family
behaviors especially in terms of hospitality which garnered the highest mean
among the other categories. This indicates that being hospitable runs in the blood of
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every Filipino family since then. Every generation may illustrate different traits and
behavior but being hospitable is inevitable in Filipino families. Meanwhile, the
table shows that the family ties and religion is evident among the categories with
the mean of 3.29. This implies that having the family ties and religion is least
practice in every Filipino family.
According to Muller (2016). The idea of hospitality is evident in several
types of human behavior including obligatory duties, commercial activity, and
prosocial action. These are intertwined and revolve around the commitment to
caring for others whether they are relatives, guests, or strangers. The duty of
hospitality is to family or tribe, as well as to strangers for whom cultural norms
often mandate an obligation to host. This branch has a physical, social, and spiritual
context. Such duty often incurs a personal cost, one based on the emotional
commitment of kinship or honor. We come together because we are supposed to,
but also because we feel a connection with others who are like us, a bond with
those who share a common heritage. Many social or cultural bonds are built on the
duty to family above all else, including shared meals and ceremonies.
STATEMENTS M VERBAL
INTERPRETATIO
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1. greeting of person visiting the Most Evident

house with a very warm 4.54
welcome.
2. finding way to prepare great Most Evident

tasting food that the visitor wants 4.53
to eat.
3. offering their/a room to visitors if Most Evident

4.46
they're going to spend the night.
4. letting the visitor immediately sit Most Evident

down and will prepare a meal or
4.66
a snack plus drinks for the
visitor.
5. making sure the visitor had a Most Evident

4.68
great time visiting.
OVERALL 4.57 Most Evident
Table 5. Filipino Family’s
Observable Behavior in
Hospitality
Filipino family’s observable in terms of hospitality as assessed by the
respondents is shown in Table 5. Results reveal that hospitality is most evident
among the respondents. All of the behaviors are most evident in term of hospitality
but particularly got the highest with the following; “making sure the visitor had a
great time visiting.” (M = 4.68) and “letting the visitor immediately sit down and
will prepare a meal or a snack plus drinks for the visitor” (M = 4.66.) In general,
hospitality is most evident among the respondents (M= 4.57). This implies that the
respondents, even though in such a young age, already practice hospitality. In terms
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Note: Interpretation is based on the following scale: 4.21- 5.00 (Most Evident) 3.41- 4.20 (Highly Evident), 2.61-
3.40(Evident), 1.81-2.60(Less Evident), and 1.000 – 1.80 (Not Evident)
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of possessing generous and friendly manner to the visitors and treating them right
so they can be more comfortable around.
The study from Melissa Sartore (2021), aligning with our results in
Observable behavior in terms of hospitality, it states that the Eskimo's husband
sense of hospitality requires him to offer his wife to an overnight guest. In our
culture this is considered wrong. For them, it is a casual and kind behavior due to
the reason that it is part of their culture.
Table 6. Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms of respect and courtesy.

VERBAL
STATEMENTS M
INTERPRETATION
6. respecting of elders by saying

4.36 Most Evident
"po" and "opo”.
7. putting their elders' hands on our
4.53 Most Evident
foreheads to show respect.
8. showing respect by making a
4.05 Highly Evident
bow when greeting.
9. calling one family member with
3.75 Highly Evident
their given name.
10. talking casually to people older
3.38 Evident
than us.
Respect and Courtesy
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Filipino family’s observable in terms of respect and courtesy as assessed by
the respondents is shown in Table 6. Results reveal that it is highly evident that the
respondents are highly respectful and possessed good manners of courtesy. Among
the behaviors in terms of respect and courtesy, the following behaviors are most
evident; “respecting of elders by saying "po" and "opo”.” (M = 4.36), “putting their
elders' hands on our foreheads to show respect.” (M = 4.53).
The table shows that putting their hand on our forehead to show respect is
the most evident among the behaviors in terms of respect and courtesy. This
indicate that is most practice behavior of Filipino families, among the other
statements. On the other hand, talking casually to people older them is least
practice in observable behavior of every Filipino family. In general, respect and
courtesy is highly evident among the respondents (M = 4.01). This implies that the
students in the younger generation are still able to show respect and chivalry not
only to the older people but for everyone.
In terms of respect and courtesy according to Shiho (2017) Respect for
one’s elders is traditional in the Philippines. When a Filipino child meets an older
family member, the youth customarily greets them with a gesture called ‘mano po’,
taking the older relative’s hand and placing it on his or her own forehead to express
profound respect for the elder. The idea that caring for older people is the
responsibility of their children is rooted as firmly in Filipino society as it is
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elsewhere in Southeast Asia. For that reason, older people usually live with their
families.
Table 7. Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms ofVERBAL

family ties and religion.
STATEMENTS M INTERPRETATIO
N
11. going to church all together on

3.72 Highly Evident
Sundays.
12. praying together at home. 3.74 Highly Evident
13. making sure to have quality time
together especially after a day's 3.89 Highly Evident
work.
14. eating a meal without waiting for
2.92 Evident
other family member.
15. living together even siblings are
2.20 Less Evident
already married.
OVERALL 3.29 Evident
Family Ties and Religion
Filipino family’s observable in terms of family ties and religion as assessed
by the respondents is shown in Table 7. Results reveal that it is evident that the
respondents value their families so much that they tend to keep families intact
through the generations. Among the behaviors in terms of family ties and religion,
the following behaviors are highly evident; “going to church all together on
Sundays.” (M = 3.72), “praying together at home.” (M = 3.74), “making sure to
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have quality time together especially after a day's work.” (M = 3.89). However, it
was shown that, “living together even siblings are already married.” (M = 2.20), is
less evident among the respondents.
In general, behaviors in family ties and religion is evident among the
respondents (M = 3.29). This implies that the students’ families go to church and
pray together because their religion is important and creates a strong bond, marking
God as the center of their lives. The students’ family also make sure that even with
the busy schedule, they can still provide quality time for each other.
Table 7 shows that being the most practice observable behavior of Filipino
families is making sure to have a quality time together especially after work, while
the less evident is living together even siblings are already married. This mean that
most family member live to have their own house with their own family.
According to Sheenagarao (2017), We, Filipinos tends to have a strong
family ties that we keep every member of the family close to each other. We are
also one of the country who are very religious even though Catholic or Christianity
have been adopted during the Spanish era, our ancestors are already religious in
their own ways that they patronize “Anito’s” as their own God. We, Filipinos are
also known because of our generous and helpful attitude. Most of us extend our
help to others not only by money but also by the simple things that we do just like
helping others doing heavy things without expecting in returns even though
sometimes we didn’t even know that person.
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Table 8. Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms of generosity and helpfulness

VERBAL
STATEMENTS M
INTERPRETATION
16. celebrating of fiestas even we

3.92 Highly Evident
have meager resources.
17. helping of neighbors when
moving out/ transferring 3.40 Evident
(“bayanihan”)
18. putting a lot of thought into gifts
and will give sentimental, 4.19 Highly Evident
thoughtful and/or practical gifts.
19. giving of alms. 3.92 Highly Evident
20. “crab mentality”. 2.30 Less Evident
Generosity and Helpfulness
Filipino family’s observable in terms of generosity and helpfulness as
assessed by the respondents is shown in Table 8. Results reveal that it is highly
evident that the respondents came from a generous helping family. Among the
behaviors in terms of generosity and helpfulness, the following behaviors are
highly evident; “putting a lot of thought into gifts and will give sentimental,
thoughtful and/or practical gifts.” (M = 4.19), “giving of alms.” (M = 3.92),
“celebrating of fiestas even we have very little.” (M=3.92). However, it was shown
that, “crab mentality.” (M = 2.30), is less evident among the respondents.
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In general, being generous and helpful is highly evident among the
respondents (M = 3.55). This implies that the students’ families are willing to
extend their help whenever their neighbors needed some help and they are also
thoughtful enough to give presents to their neighbors and give sentimental value to
a certain thing given to one another. Meanwhile, giving of alms and celebrating
fiestas even we have very little meager resources are also practiced to show
generosity to each and every one and those respondents families doesn’t possess a
crab mentality.
Table 9. Difference in the Filipino Family’s

N Observable Behaviors
Mean When
p- Proba
Grouped According Variables
to their Age Mean Differe t-value
value bility
nce
17 years old - 74 3.85
below
-0.151 -0.466 0.643 NS
18 years old - 2 4.00
above
Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable Behaviors When Grouped

According to their Age
Table 9 revealed that there was a mean difference of 0.151 in Filipino
family’s observable behavior as assessed by the respondents when grouped
according to age. This mean difference is significant because the t-value of 0.466
had a p-value of 0.643 which was greater than 0.05 alpha. This result further
Note: p-value > 0.05 = not significant
implied that there was no significant difference in the Filipino family’s observable
behavior as assessed by the respondents when grouped according to age. Thus, the
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Filipino family’s observable behavior as assessed by the respondents is the same
regardless of their age.
According to Rhodes et.al, study (2020) CHMS data on self- or parental-
reported movement behaviors were also available for active transportation,
recreational physical activity, occupational/household physical activity, screen-time
and sleep duration by number of siblings in the household and by single- versus
two-parent household. For children aged 3 to 4 years and for youth aged 12 to 17
years, there were no significant differences for any variables by number of siblings
or parents.12 to 17 years, there were no significant differences for any variables by
number of siblings or parents.
Therefore, within this study you can conclude from their observable
behavior to the related study provided which is the parental reported movement that
whatever the age of every individual it doesn’t differ on how they behave or the
maturity of individual doesn’t matter on their age. Even when you are young you
can still practice and adopt on what are the behaviors possessed and showed to you
by your family.
Mean
p- Proba
Variables N Mean Differe t-value
value bility
nce
Male 9 3.64 -0.237 -1.499 0.138 NS
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Female 67 3.88
Table 10. Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable Behaviors When Grouped
According to their Sex
Table 10 revealed that there was a mean difference of 0.237in the Filipino
according to sex. This mean difference is not significant because the t-value of
1.499 had a p-value of 0.138 which was higher than 0.05 alpha. This result further
implied that there was no significant difference in the Filipino family’s observable
behavior as assessed by the respondents when grouped according to sex. Thus,
Filipino family’s observable behavior as assessed by the respondents was the same
regardless of their sex.
The result of this study conform to the study of Disabil (2012), the majority
of the mothers were Caucasian, non-Hispanic (60.1%), whereas 16.5% were
Hispanic, 6.9% African American, 2.8% Asian American, and 13.8% self-classified
as “other”. The socioeconomic status was generally high; 51.8% of families had an
annual income above $50,000 (in 1998–2000 U.S. dollars), and the average years
of schooling was 3 years of college for mothers and fathers. The two status groups
did not differ significantly on child gender, child race–ethnicity, fathers’ age,
parents’ race–ethnicity, parents’ health, marital status, or family income.
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Therefore, in this study and the supporting study provided when it comes to
gender matter the behavior or the attitude of every individual families is correlated.
Whatever your gender is your family’s behavior may influence you and in your
circle. It really depends on you as an individual if you would adopt and practice the
behavior of your own family. Based on our results, even our respondents are
uneven since we garnered a lot of responses from female, it can still be interpreted
that there is no significant difference between these two sex of our respondents.
Table 11. Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable Behaviors When Grouped
According to their Home Location
Mean
Proba
Variables N Mean Differenc t-value p-value
bility
e
Rural 52 3.86
0.029 0.262 0.794 NS
Urban 24 3.83

According to their Home Location
Table 11 revealed that there was a mean difference of 0.029 in Filipino
according to home location. This mean difference is not significant because the t-
value of 0.262 had a p-value of 0.794 which was higher than 0.05 alpha. This result
further implied that there was no significant difference in the Filipino family’s
observable behavior as assessed by the respondents when grouped according to
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home location. Thus, the Filipino family’s observable behavior as assessed by the
respondents was the same regardless of their home location.
The result of this study showed conformity with the research conducted by J
Sch Psychol (2011) The first hypothesis was that rates of externalizing behavior
problems would be similar in home settings for rural and urban children, but higher
in urban school settings than in rural school settings.
In contrast, rates of child internalizing problems were not expected to differ
across rural and urban settings. To test this hypothesis, a repeated measure analysis
of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted on child externalizing problems. The
parent/teacher rating was the repeated (within subject) factor and site (rural vs.
urban setting) was the between subject factor; child gender, family SES, and child
racial ethnicity (White or African American) were included as covariates. The main
effect for rural/urban setting was non-significant, but a significant setting by rater
interaction effect emerged, F (1, 302) = 4.61, p < .05.
This conclusion is supported by the results of the provided study, in which
by every Filipino family behavior and trait assessed by their home settings – rural
and urban environment. Assessed by the results revealed, whatever the status of the
home location of the respondents they can still manage to practice and observe a
good traits possess by their own families. It doesn’t really matter where you belong
the only thing that matters is you, on how you can develop and practice a good
behaviour towards others as an individual. It can be shown that there are a lot of
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respondents came from urban area than rural area, but the results are balance where
interpreted into a no significant difference between this two home location.
VERBAL
STATEMENTS M
INTERPRETATION
As a student, I practice...
1. offering help when I see someone struggling. 4.61 Most Evident
2. smiling at everything even in tough times 4.26 Most Evident
3. using “po” and “opo” whenever I talk to other
4.33 Most Evident
people especially to those who are older than me
4. showing gratitude to people who lends a help to
4.76 Most Evident
me.
5. being approachable and easy to be with. 4.17 Highly Evident
6. raising my voice to those who are older than me
2.47 Less Evident
when I know I am right.
7. listening and understanding other people's opinion
4.39 Most Evident
before giving mine.
8. showing respect by making a bow when greeting. 4.13 Highly Evident
9. calling one family member with their given name. 3.33 Evident
10. putting my elders' hands on my forehead to
4.32 Most Evident
show respect.
11. going to church with my family on Sundays. 3.84 Highly Evident
12. praying together with my family at home. 3.76 Highly Evident
13. making sure to have quality time with my
4.17 Highly Evident
family.
14. eating a meal ahead of other family member. 2.86 Evident
OVER-ALL 3.96 Highly Evident
Impact of Observable Behavior to the Respondents
When all the 76 respondents were taken as a whole group, table 12 exposes
that their over-all mean score on the 15 statements on the impact of observable
behavior to the respondents was 3.96. This over-all mean score implied that the
impact of those observable behavior is highly evident. The result indicates that the
respondents manifested the behaviors they have been observe from generations to
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generations. It made the students possess the good traits and behaviors as observe
from Filipino families. Among the 15 statements in the impact of observable
behaviors to the respondents, the following behaviors are most evident among the
respondents: “showing gratitude to people who lends a help to me.” (M = 4.76),
“offering help when I see someone struggling.” (4.61), “listening and
understanding other people's opinion before giving mine.” (M = 4.39), “using
“po” and “opo” whenever I talk to other people especially to those who are older
than me” (M = 4.33), “putting my elders' hands on my forehead to show respect.”
(M = 4.32), and “smiling at everything even in tough times” (M = 4.26). However,
the trait of “raising my voice to those who are older than me when I know I am
right” is less evident among the respondents (M = 2.47).
According to Ackerman et al., (2012). In this study we investigate the
extent to which the positive behavior exhibited by one family member toward
another reflects qualities of an overall family climate, the individual attributes of
the members involved, or the unique dyadic relationship between the two members.
We also investigate whether the expression of positive behavior is a function of
stable trait-like attributes versus more transient state-like processes.
Research using the SRM with families has consistently found large actor
variances. We therefore predict that positive engagement will have a strong
dispositional component. Findings regarding the family mean, however, have been
mixed, with many studies finding little evidence of family mean variance.
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Nevertheless, research investigating variables akin to positive engagement, such as
self-disclosure and affection, has shown significant variance in the family mean.
This suggests that family-wide norms may play an important role in shaping
how positively engaged family members are with one another, and so we expect to
see variance in the family mean in this study. Finally, research has generally found
more relationship variance in horizontal relationships.
Table 13. Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors when Grouped

Mean Prob
p-
Variables N Mean Differe t-value abilit
value
nce y
17 years old - 74 3.95
below
-0.384 -1.223 0.225 NS
18 years old - 2 4.33
above
Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors When Grouped

Table 13 revealed that there was a mean difference of 0.384 in the impact of
observable behavior to the respondents when grouped according to their age. This
mean difference is not significant because the t-value of 1.223 had a p-value of
0.225 which>was
Note: p-value 0.05 =greater than 0.05 alpha. This result further implied that there was
not significant
no significant difference in the impact of observable behavior to the respondents
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when grouped according to age. Thus, the impact of observable behavior to the
respondents is the same regardless of their age.
The results of this study agrees with the study of Perry et al. (2021), who
mentioned that Social influence impacts individuals’ behavior through norms – the
perceived appropriateness of behaviors – and social referents, whose behavior is
copied by others. Interventions using social influence may help promote
conservation-friendly behaviors. We explored how perceptions are influenced by
descriptive norms (what people do) and social referents (who does it) in relation to
livestock management in Kenya. By presenting participants with vignettes
describing different livestock management scenarios, we explored how two norms
(‘high’ vs. ‘low’ standards of livestock management) and three social referents
(‘neighbor,’ ‘leader,’ ‘father’) influence participants’ perceptions of aspects of
livestock management.
Overall, 996 participants were included in this study. Of these, 494 (49.6%)
were young men, or warriors, according to Maasai social stratification, and 502
(50.4%) were considered elders. The mean number of years spent in school was 8.8
(SE = 0.164), and while this was higher for younger (10.2) than older (7.5)
respondents there was no significant difference between the treatment groups. No
other recorded social factors varied significantly among age groups. The average
respondent had 2.29 (SE = 0.035 cows and 2.91 (SE = 0.035) shoats; there was no
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evidence that these differed between treatment or age groups (all treatment group
comparisons, t-test p > .05).
In today’s generation both young and adults or whatever age you have it
doesn’t matter. In this study you can conclude that there was no significant
difference in the impact of observable behaviors to the respondents when grouped
according to their age. This means that regardless of what age you have the impact
of observable behavior to the respondents is still the same.
Mean Prob
p-
Variables N Mean Differe t-value abilit
value
nce y
Male 9 3.69
-0.307 -2.001 0.109 NS
Female 67 3.40
Table 14. Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors When Grouped

observable behavior to the respondents when grouped according to their sex. This
mean difference is not significant because the t-value of 2.001 had a p-value of
0.515 which>was
Note: p-value 0.05 =greater than 0.05 alpha. This result further implied that there was
not significant
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no significant difference in the impact of observable behavior to the respondents
when grouped according to sex. Thus, the impact of observable behavior to the
respondents is the same regardless of their sex.
The Result of this study is correlated to the results of the study of
Kristofferson et al, (2013). According to our estimations, the school outcomes for
girls with abnormal externalizing behavior are not significantly different from those
of boys with the same behavioral problems. For borderline externalizing problems
and for internalizing problems, the estimated main coefficients are numerically
smaller but still significantly negative in most cases, and for these behavioral
categories girls tend to have less negative coefficients. We document that
measurement of behavioral problems depends on whether it is the parents or the
teachers who report the problems and this evidence has an effect on the estimated
relationship between gender, behavioral problems and school outcomes. The
negative outcome effects of behavioral problems are numerically smaller and the
gender differences less significant. When teachers’ strength and difficulties
Questionnaire (SDQ) scores are applied in the estimation. This may react that
teachers who are aware of behavioral problems try to compensate for these
problems.
The results states that either you are a male or female, regardless of your
sex the social impact of observable behaviour to the respondents doesn’t differ. It
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really relies to us individuals on how we behave, how we adopt the behaviours in
our society since it starts in our own self not in the sex itself.
Mean
p- Proba
Variables N Mean Differe t-value
value bility
nce
Rural 52 3.94
-0.071 -0.654 0.515 NS
Urban 24 4.01
Table 15 Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors When Grouped

According to Home Location

According to Home Location
observable behavior to the respondents when grouped according to their home
location. This mean difference is not significant because the t-value of 0.654 had a
p-value of 0.515 which was higher than 0.05 alpha. This result further implied that
there was no significant difference in the impact of observable behavior to the
respondents when grouped according to their home location. Thus, the impact of
observable behavior to the respondents was the same regardless of their home
location.
Results of this study relates to the study of Total et al, (2014). First and
foremost, this study examined the relationships between dependent and
independent variables. In the relationships where the Pearson Product-Moment
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Correlation coefficient was used and the Bonferroni correction method was applied
in order to reduce type I errors. These relations were analyzed in three different
settings: rural, township, and urban areas and the significance level being .001
(.05/55=.001) for each of these. In addition, the internal consistency values of the
variables were calculated for each level using descriptive statistical findings.
In addition, after having performed the Pearson Moment Correlation
analysis, the inter-correlation between the social and emotional learning needs, the
social and emotional learning skills, and the social skills for the students living in
rural areas was determined to range from .80 to .96, from .35 to .89, and at -.31,
respectively. For those students living in township areas (towns), the inter-
correlation between the social and emotional learning needs, the social and
emotional earning skills, and social skills were determined to range from .81 to .91,
from .41 to .89, and at -.37, respectively. As for the students living in the urban
center, the correlation between social and emotional learning needs, social and
emotional learning skills, and social skills were determined to range from .81
to .96, from .38 to .81, and at -.34, respectively (Total et al., 2014).
Furthermore, the social and emotional learning needs of students living in
the rural areas were correlated with the social and emotional learning skills as well
as negative and positive social behavior social behavior, their means were .45, -.23,
and .46, respectively. The social and emotional learning skills of students living in
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the rural areas were correlated with negative and positive social behavior, their
means being -.28 and .70, respectively (Total et al., (2014).
In conclusion with this, the social behavior of every individual correlates
with the areas where they are living. By this, it influences and affects their social
and emotional competence.
Table 16. Relationship between Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior and its
Impact to the Respondents
Correlation
Variables Type of Test Sig. (2-tailed)
Coefficient
Filipino Family’s Observable Pearson r 0.785** 0.000
Behavior and its Impact
Note: **correlation is significant at 0.01 level (2-tailed)
Relationship between Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior and its

Impact to the Respondents
Table 16 shows the relationship between the Filipino Family’s observable
behavior and its impact to the respondents. With a p-value of 0.000 which is less
than 0.01 alpha, it shows that there is a significant relationship between the Filipino
Family’s observable behavior and its impact to the respondents. It also shows that
there is strong linear relationship between the Filipino Family’s observable
behavior and its impact to the respondents (ρ = 0.785**). The result suggests that
the variables being correlated were strongly associated. It implies that as the
Filipino family’s observable behavior increases and became most evident, then it
gives a greater positive impact to the behavior of the respondents.
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The result of this study correlates to the results of the study of Laventhal
(2011). The communities in which young people live can also have important
influences on their development, for good or ill, as both Tama Leventhal and
Deborah Gorman-Smith discussed. Both noted that the words “community” and
“neighborhood” can be used interchangeably in the discussions of influence and
that the definition is not a very precise one. The neighborhood is an important
context, Leventhal explained, because it is the place where a wide array of peer and
other social interactions take place and where adolescents have access to
institutional resources. The structural characteristics of a neighborhood, including
its economic status, housing quality, and the availability of resources, are
important, Gorman-Smith said. So, too, are the social processes that occur in the
neighborhood context, as well as the interactions between community
characteristics and other influences, such as peers, family, and schools. Researchers
tend to use census units (either the neighborhood, approximately 3,000 to 8,000
people, or the block, from 500 to 3,000 people), although, Leventhal noted, many
do not define the term when they survey people about their neighborhoods.
Living in an affluent neighborhood where the residents are college-educated
professionals is associated with advantages for adolescents’ academic achievement,
although more so for adolescent boys than for girls. Living in a neighborhood with
low socioeconomic status confers risks to adolescents in terms of a host of
behavioral, social, and emotional problems. Living in a poor neighborhood also
places adolescents at risk for early childbearing and related sexual risk behaviors.
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In short, there is something about living in a poor neighborhood that places
adolescents at risk for engaging in a wide range of risk behaviors.
In this study we can conclude that the observable behavior has an impact to
the young people and it can influence to their behavior development. Thus, it can
prove that the Filipino family’s observable behavior gives a greater impact to the
behavior of the respondents.
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of the study, the findings and
conclusions drawn, and the recommendations made as an outgrowth of this study.
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Summary
Majority of the respondents were aged 17 years old and below. Mostly
female that belongs to Grade 11 classes. Mainly of them resides in urban area.
Comprehensively, the level of awareness on the observable behaviors of the
Filipino family and its impact to the Grade 11 students was highly evident. This
insinuates that Grade 11 students are commonsensical about what they have been
observed in regards to the behaviours of Filipino families and the impact itself. By
contrast, the Grade 11 students’ level of awareness were most evident in hospitality
category, while evident in family ties and religion. Moreover, Grade 11 students
were highly evident aware in terms of respect and courtesy, also in generosity and
helpfulness.
There is no significant difference in the level of awareness of observable
behaviors of Filipino families and its impact when the respondents were grouped
according to age, sex and grade level as shown in the p-value which are greater
than .05 significant level of significance. Therefore, the null hypothesis was
accepted.
Conclusions
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Generally, Grade 11 respondents were 17 years old and below, most of
them are female and mainly are resided in urban area.
When integrated as a whole, Grade 11 students of St. Anthony College of
Roxas City, Inc. were sensibly aware regarded to the observable behavior of their
own family at such a young age. The respondents authentically know how to
approach and being mellow to their circle or wherever environment they are in. A
literate individual that gives value and respect to their family and also aware of how
does their family behave. Being aware of the different personalities in their
household shapes them as a person they are right now and it serves as a guide to
their own personal development. However, the most practice behavior is being
hospitable, every generation may illustrate different traits and behavior but being
hospitable is inevitable in Filipino Families. The respondent’s families’ observable
behavior in being hospitable are most evident but the most practice behavior is that
“making sure the visitor had a great time visiting.” and “letting the visitor
immediately sit down and will prepare a meal or a snack plus drinks for the
visitor”. Based on the Grade 11 students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City, the
results show that the social impact of their circles to their behavior has a positive
impact. The behaviors were manifested and observed from generation to
generation. This shows that the behavior of every individual can also influence for
what and where society you are in.
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When grouped according to age, sex and home location of the respondent’s
observable behavior of their families, it concludes that it is not significantly
different, which conveys that regardless of age, sex and home location you were
raise, the behavior of an individual is correlated. On the other hand, the impact of
observable Filipino families’ behavior in terms of age, sex and home location of the
respondents is not significantly different. Therefore, this presumes that the society
and with the environment you are living gives an impact or influences every
individual’s behavior that is reflected by your actions towards each and every one.
Recommendations
Based on the findings and conclusions derived from the study, the following
recommendations were forwarded:
1. The grade 11 students in St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. both male and
female may consider to keep on being family oriented. Clarity of awareness is
needed to guide the choice of outcome measures, exposure measures, and types
of respondents/ participants to obtain information possible within the source
and should develop detailed observation to studying the outcomes, which is
shown in the research plan.
2. The Filipino families encourage to minimize the negative behaviors that they
show to their household and improve positive behaviors through their influence
to their children and must develop a clearer understanding towards the
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observable behaviors towards their family, most especially in their environment
or community.
3. Social awareness about the importance of Filipino family’s behavior and how it
affects their children. Filipino families must observe their duties and
responsibilities to guarantee a better relationship among the members in their
household and ought to add the measures of the impact of those observable
behaviors to improve the assessment of information.
4. The respondents may have consider avoiding the observable negative behaviors
from their families and give priority attention to seek other method in
locating/observing the positive and negative behaviors that a family omits.
5. Members of each and every household should practice more and implement
observable behaviors in terms of hospitality, respect and courtesy, family ties
and religion, and generosity and helpfulness to have a better and strong
relationship to the people that they interact with and also to have healthier
connection between individuals through applying these behaviors in their own
character.
6. Parents must reflect the actions of their children to improve their understanding
and assessing their personality to have better growth and development.
Learning and identifying a child’s likes and dislikes to different situation should
be assessed by their own family.
7. Conduct further research on how Filipino family’s behavior affect each member
of the family.
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LETTER REQUEST FOR VALIDATOR
OCTOBER 27, 2021
DR. RUBILYN B. SUMAYLO, RN., LPT., MSN
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Dean, College of Nursing

St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc.
Dear Ma’am;
Greetings!
We, the Grade 12 STEM students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City Incorporated are
conducting a research entitled “Filipino Families Observable Behavior and Its Social Impact to
the Grade 12 Students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City Inc.”
In connection with this, we are humbly asking for your service and expertise to serve as
our validator for our research questionnaire. We believe that your knowledge and insights will be
valuable and will greatly enrich our study.
Thank you for your consideration and we are truly hoping for a positive response.
God bless!
Sincerely yours,
Crystal-Ann Margarette Albaña
Raya Mae Dela
Ma. Daniela Alicante Callos
Marian Joyce Panes

Researchers
Noted by:
MR. MARK ANTHONY BLACANO
Research Adviser
Approved by:
DR. RUBILYN B. SUMAYLO, RN., LPT., MSN
Dean, College of Nursing, Validator
OCTOBER 27, 2021
MRS. TERESITA KATIGBAK,LPT

Validator
Dear Ma’am;
[70]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Greetings!
We, the Grade 12 STEM students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City Incorporated are
conducting a research entitled “Filipino Families Observable Behavior and Its Social Impact to
the Grade 12 Students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City Inc.”
In connection with this, we are humbly asking for your service and expertise to serve as
our validator for our research questionnaire. We believe that your knowledge and insights will be
valuable and will greatly enrich our study.
God bless!
Sincerely yours,
Raya Mae Dela
Marian Joyce Panes

Researchers
Noted by:
MR. MARK ANTHONY BLACANO
Research Adviser
APPENDIX B
LETTER REQUEST FOR STATISTICIAN
OCTOBER 26, 2021

CARLA JEAN DELFIN, LPT
[71]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Statistician
Dear Ma’am;
Good day!
We, the group 6 Grade 12 STEM SLM student researchers of St. Anthony College of
Roxas City Inc. are conducting research entitled “Filipino Families Observable Behavior and Its
Social Impact to the Grade 11 Students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City Inc.”
Align with this, we need your expertise in statistics. By that, it is a big help for us
researchers to interpret and analyze the data to be gathered in our study.
God bless!
Sincerely yours,
Raya Mae Dela
Marian Joyce Panes

Researchers
Noted by:
MARK ANTHONY BLACANO, LPT
Research adviser
Approved by:
CARLA JEAN DELFIN, LPT
Statistician
APPENDIX C
LETTER REQUEST FOR RESEARCH ADVISER

San Roque Extension, Roxas City 5800 Capiz, Philippines
[72]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
September 14, 2021
Dear Sir Blacano,
Good Day!
We are writing to humbly request your service and expertise to serve as an adviser for our
thesis. We believe that your knowledge and insight will be valuable and will greatly enrich our
work. We are sure that you are perfectly fit as our research adviser.
Thank you for your consideration and we hope you will be able to fulfill our request.
Sincerely,

Grade 12 SLM
Raya Mae Dela

Grade 12 SLM

Grade 12 SLM

Grade 12 SLM
MARK ANTHONY BLACANO, LPT

Research Adviser
APPENDIX D
RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondents,
[73]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Greetings!
We, the Grade 12 students of St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. are currently
conducting a research entitled: "Filipino Family's Observable Behavior and its Impact" as a partial
requirement for the subject of Practical Research.
Align with this, we are requesting for your little time and effort in answering this
questionnaire. Rest assured that the information gathered will be kept confidential and strictly for
research purposes only.
Thank you and God Bless.
Very Truly Yours,
CRYSTAL ANN MARGARETTE ALBAÑA

MA. DANIELLA CALLOS
RAYA MAE DELA
MARIAN JOYCE PANES
Researchers
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
--------
PART I. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

DIRECTION: Please indicate your answer by checking (✔) the appropriate box and placing the
required data on each line provided for. Your answers will be kept confidential and will not affect your
status as a student in this institution.
1. Name (optional):
RATING SCALE
2. Age:
17 below
18 and above
3. Gender:
Male
Female
4.Home Location:
Urban
Rural
[74]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
SCORE RESPONSE VERBAL INTERPRETATION

CATEGORY
The statement being asked is manifested in a
5
Most Evident very remarkable manner at all times; there is
(4.21-5.00)
extra evidence to support it.
More or The statement being asked is always manifested
4
Highly in a remarkable manner; there is consistent
(3.41-4.20)
Evident evidence to support it.
The statement being asked is manifested in an
3
Evident ordinary manner every once in a while - only
(2.61- 3.40)
that it is not consistent.
2 The statement being asked is exhibited in a
Less Evident
(1.81-2.60) negligible manner; evidence is rare to support it.
1 The statement being asked is not manifested;
Never Evident
(1.00 -1.80) there is no evidence to support it.
[75]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
PART II. Extent of Observable Behavior of Filipino Families

Please rate your assessment about the extent of observable behavior in your
family using the rating scale provided. Check the number that corresponds to
your answer.
INDICATORS 5 4 3 2 1
A. Hospitality
In my family, I observed the…
1. greeting of person visiting the house with a

very warm welcome.
2. finding way to prepare great tasting food that
the visitor wants to eat.
3. offering their/a room to visitors if they're going
to spend the night.
4. letting the visitor immediately sit down and
will prepare a meal or a snack plus drinks for
the visitor.
5. making sure the visitor had a great time
visiting.
B. Respect and Courtesy
6. respecting of elders by saying "po" and "opo”.

7. putting their elders' hands on our foreheads to
show respect.
8. showing respect by making a bow when
greeting.
9. calling one family member with their given
name.
10. talking casually to people older than us.
C. Family Ties and Religions
11. going to church all together on Sundays.
12. praying together at home.
[76]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
13. making sure to have quality time together

especially after a day's work.
14. eating a meal without waiting for other family
member.
15. living together even siblings are already
married.
D. Generosity and Helpfulness
16. celebrating of fiestas even we have very little.

17. helping of neighbors when moving out/
transferring (“bayanihan”)
18. putting a lot of thought into gifts and will give
sentimental, thoughtful and/or practical gifts.
19. giving of alms.
20. “crab mentality”.
PART III. Impact of Observable Behavior of Filipino Families

Please rate your assessment about the impact of observable behavior to you using
the rating scale provided. Check the number that corresponds to your answer.
INDICATORS 5 4 3 2 1
As a student, I practice…
1. offering help when I see someone struggling.
2. smiling at everything even in tough times

3. using “po” and “opo” whenever I talk to other
people especially to those who are older than me
4. showing gratitude to people who lends a help to
[77]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
me.
5. being approachable and easy to be with.
6. raising my voice to those who are older than me
when I know I am right.
7. listening and understanding other people's
opinion before giving mine.
8. showing respect by making a bow when
greeting.
9. calling one family member with their given
name.
10. putting my elders' hands on my forehead to show
respect.
11. going to church with my family on Sundays.
12. praying together with my family at home.

13. making sure to have quality time with my
family.
14. eating a meal ahead of other family member.
15. giving of alms.
[78]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
APPENDIX E
SURVEY, STATISTICS AND TEST RESULTS
RESPONDENTS STATISTICS
AGE GENDER HOMELOCATION
Valid 76 76 76
N
Missing 0 0 0
AGE
DEMOGRAPHIC
PROFILE OF THE
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
RESPONDENTS
17 years old
74 97.4 97.4 97.4
below
Valid 18 year old

2 2.6 2.6 100.0
above
Total 76 100.0 100.0
HOMELOCATION
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
URBAN 52 68.4 68.4 68.4
Valid RURAL 24 31.6 31.6 100.0
Total 76 100.0 100.0
[79]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
GENDER Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
MALE 9 11.8 11.8 11.8
Valid FEMALE 67 88.2 88.2 100.0
Total 76 100.0 100.0
Frequency Table
[80]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
FILIPINO FAMILIES OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR AND ITS IMPACT TO

THE GRADE 11 STUDENTS OF ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE OF ROXAS
CITY
4 CATEGORIES M VERBAL INTERPRETATION
Hospitality 4.57 Most Evident
Respect and Courtesy 4.01 Highly Evident
Family Ties and Religion 3.29 Evident
Generosity and Helpfulness 3.55 Highly Evident
A. HOSPITALITY
VERBAL
STATEMENTS M
INTERPRETATION
1. greeting of person visiting the Most Evident

4.54
house with a very warm welcome.
2. finding way to prepare great Most Evident
tasting food that the visitor wants to 4.53
eat.
3. offering their/a room to visitors if Most Evident
4.46
they're going to spend the night.
4. letting the visitor immediately sit Most Evident
down and will prepare a meal or a 4.66
snack plus drinks for the visitor.
5. making sure the visitor had a Most Evident
4.68
great time visiting.
OVERALL 4.57 Most Evident
B. RESPECT AND COURTESY
[81]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
VERBAL
STATEMENTS M
INTERPRETATION
1. respecting of elders by saying

4.36 Most Evident
"po" and "opo”.
2. putting their elders' hands on our
4.53 Most Evident
foreheads to show respect.
3. showing respect by making a bow
4.05 Highly Evident
when greeting.
4. calling one family member with
3.75 Highly Evident
their given name.
5. talking casually to people older
3.38 Evident
than us.
C. FAMILY TIES AND RELIGION
VERBAL
STATEMENTS M
INTERPRETATION
11. going to church all together on

3.72 Highly Evident
Sundays.
12. praying together at home. 3.74 Highly Evident
13. making sure to have quality time
together especially after a day's 3.89 Highly Evident
work.
14. eating a meal without waiting for
2.92 Evident
other family member.
15. living together even siblings are
2.20 Less Evident
already married.
OVERALL 3.29 Evident
D. GENEROSITY AND HELPFULNESS
STATEMENTS M VERBAL
[82]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
INTERPRETATION
16. celebrating of fiestas even we

3.92 Highly Evident
have very little.
17. helping of neighbors when
moving out/ transferring 3.40 Evident
(“bayanihan”)
18. putting a lot of thought into gifts
and will give sentimental, 4.19 Highly Evident
thoughtful and/or practical gifts.
20. “crab mentality”. 2.30 Less Evident
DIFFERENCE IN FILIPINO FAMILY’S OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR AND

ITS SOCIAL IMPACT ACCORDING TO THEIR AGE, SEX AND HOME
LOCATION
[83]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Group Statistics
AGE N Mean Std. Std. Error
Deviation Mean
17 years old
74 3.8493 .44809 .05209
below
Aave
18 years old
2 4.0000 .63640 .45000
above
17 years old
74 3.9495 .43735 .05084
below
Iave
18 years old
2 4.3333 .47140 .33333
above
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for t-test for Equality of Means
Equality of Variances
F Sig. t df
Equal variances
.241 .625 -.466 74
assumed
Aave
Equal variances
-.333 1.027
not assumed
Equal variances
.009 .926 -1.223 74
assumed
Iave
Equal variances
-1.138 1.047
not assumed
t-test for Equality of Means
[84]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Std. Error 95%

Difference Difference Confidence
Interval of
the
Difference
Lower
Equal variances
.643 -.15068 .32330 -.79487
assumed
Aave
Equal variances
.794 -.15068 .45300 -5.56138
not assumed
Equal variances
.225 -.38378 .31374 -1.00893
assumed
Iave
Equal variances
.452 -.38378 .33719 -4.23888
not assumed

t-test for Equality of
Means
95% Confidence Interval
of the Difference
Upper
Equal variances assumed .49352
Aave
Equal variances not assumed 5.26002
Iave
Equal variances not assumed 3.47131
Group Statistics
[85]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
SEX N Mean Std. Std. Error

Deviation Mean
MALE 9 3.6444 .35658 .11886

Aave
FEMALE 67 3.8813 .45468 .05555
MALE 9 3.6889 .49777 .16592

Iave
FEMALE 67 3.9960 .42178 .05153
Levene's Test for t-test for Equality

Equality of Variances of Means
F Sig. t df
Aave Equal variances .771 .383 -1.499 74

assumed
Equal variances not -1.806 11.808

assumed
Iave Equal variances .632 .429 -2.009 74

assumed
Equal variances not -1.768 9.607

assumed
[86]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
t-test for Equality of Means
Sig. (2- Mean Std. Error 95%

tailed) Difference Difference Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower
Equal variances
.138 -.23690 .15802 -.55177
assumed
Aave
Equal variances
.097 -.23690 .13120 -.52328
not assumed
Equal variances
.048 -.30713 .15288 -.61176
assumed
Iave
Equal variances
.109 -.30713 .17374 -.69641
not assumed
[87]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
t-test for
Equality of
Means
95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Upper

Aave
Equal variances not assumed .04948
Equal variances assumed -.00250

Iave
Group Statistics
HOME LOCATION N Mean Std. Std. Error

Deviation Mean
URBAN 52 3.8625 .47122 .06535

Aave
RURAL 24 3.8333 .40477 .08262
URBAN 52 3.9372 .45358 .06290

Iave
RURAL 24 4.0083 .41158 .08401
[88]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Levene's Test for Equality of t-test for Equality

Variances of Means
F Sig. t df
Equal variances
.461 .499 .262 74
assumed
Aave
Equal variances not
.277 51.657
assumed
Equal variances
.249 .619 -.654 74
assumed
Iave
Equal variances not
-.678 49.060
assumed
Sig. (2-tailed)

Equal
variances t-test for Equality
assumed of Means
Aave
Equal 95% Confidence
variances not Interval of the
assumed Difference
Equal Upper
variances
assumed
Iave
Equal [89]
variances not
assumed
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022

Aave
Iave Equal variances assumed .14567
[90]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
CURRICULUM
VITAE
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name: Raya Mae Dela
Age: 17
Date of Birth: August 01, 2004
Place of Birth: Roxas City, Capiz
[91]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Address: Premier de Mayo Street, Roxas City, Capiz
Parents’ Name:
Mother: Mary Grace Dela
Father: Richard Dela Jr.
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: President, Manuel, Roxas Memorial School – North (2010-2016)
High School: Capiz State University, Main Campus (2016-2020)
Senior High School: St. Anthony College of Roxas City, Inc. (2020-2022)
Name: Crystal - Ann Margarette A. Albaña
Age: 18
Date of Birth: March 27,2004
[92]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Address: San Roque Street, Brgy. Poblacion Ilawod Panitan Capiz
Parents’ Name:
Mother: Martina Aque
Father: Wilfredo Rimardo Albaña
Elementary: Panitan Elementary School (2010-2016)
High School: Hercor College High School Department (2016-2020)
Name: Marian Joyce Panes
Age: 17
Date of Birth: April 21, 2004
[93]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Address: Brgy. Cagay Roxas City, Capiz
Parents’ Name:
Mother: Jessica Panes
Father: Raul Panes Jr.
Elementary: Plaridel West Elementary School (2010-2016)
High School: Colegio De La Purisima Concepcion (2016-2020)
Name: Ma. Daniela A. Callos
Age: 18
Date of Birth: October 2, 2003
[94]
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2022
Address: Brgy. Culajao Roxas City Capiz
Parents’ Name:
Mother: Lowelyn A. Callos
Father: Arman B. Callos
Elementary: Colegio De La Purisima Concepcion (2010-2016)
High School: Colegio De La Purisima Concepcion (2016-2020)
[95]

SLM G6 Dela

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ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE OF ROXAS CITY, INC.

FILIPINO FAMILIES OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR AND ITS SOCIAL

A Descriptive-Correlational Research Submitted to the

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

CRYSTAL ANN MARGARETTE ALBANA

This is to certify that this research paper entitled “Filipino Families

ORAL EXAMINATION COMMITTEE

The research paper is hereby officially accepted as partial fulfilment of the

giving them the strength and sustenance to accomplish this study.

researchers throughout the study.

To Mr. Rodnel Christian Andrada, Principal of Senior High School

for improvements and letting them conduct the study.

To Mrs. Rubilyn Bulquerin-Sumaylo, Dean of College of Nursing, as our

constructive comments of this research.

errors for the improvement of this study.

To the Respondents, the Grade 11 Senior High School students of St.

was conducted in this study. To determine the number of participants in grade

level, the stratified random sampling was utilized. A researchers-made

evident Filipino family behavior of the respondents is hospitality (M = 4.57). In

List of Figures xiii

List of Appendices xiv

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Background of the Study 3

Statement of the Problem 5

Significance of the Study 9

Scope and Delimitations 10

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES

Local Studies and Literatures 13

Foreign Studies and Literatures 18

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Validity and Reliability 30

Statistical Treatment of Data 31

Data Gathering Procedures 32

CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION, AND

Demographic Profile of the Respondents 34

Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior 35

Respect and Courtesy 39

Family Ties and Religion 40

Generosity and Helpfulness 42

Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 43

Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 45

Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 46

Impact of Observable Behavior to the 49

Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors 51

Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors 53

Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors 54

Relationship between Filipino Family’s 56

CHAPTER V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND

About the Authors 91

Table No. Page

2 Interpretation of the Mean Scores 31

3 Demographic Profile of the Respondents 33

4 Filipino Family Observable Behavior 35

5 Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms of 37

6 Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms of 38

7 Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms of 40

9 Filipino Family’s Observable Behavior in terms of 42

9 Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 43

10 Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 45

11 Difference in the Filipino Family’s Observable 46

13 Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors when 50

14 Difference in Impact of Observable Behaviors When 52