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SkyCiv Truss Method of Joints Hand Calculations
SkyCiv Truss Method of Joints Hand Calculations
Welcome to the hand calculation feature for truss structures. The method implemented here is the well known
"Method of Joints".
Reaction forces will first be attempted by analysing the free body diagram (FBD) of the overall structure. Joints
(aka nodes) are then analysed via FBD's to determine any axial forces (or previously unsolved reaction forces).
This process continues across the joints until all axial forces have been solved. The following assumptions are
made:
All members are two force members and thus only support axial loads. This implies that only point loads that
Statically indeterminate structures cannot be fully solved by the "Method of Joints" however, the hand
calculations will still attempt as many solutions as possible for reactions and axial forces.
All axial forces will be assumed to be in tension. This means that all positive results will confirm tension,
negative results will determine compression, and zero results will determine 0 force members.
In some cases, the "Method of Joints" is unable to provide a solution, and this is a limitation on the method.
Evaluation
Since number of members (m = 41) plus reaction forces (r = 4) exceeds 2 times the number of joints (j = 22)
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
(R1,x ) + (R2,x ) = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(R1,y ) + (R2,y ) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120)
+ (−1080) + (−600) = 0
∴ R2,y = 600 kN
(R1,y ) + (600) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120) + (−120)
∴ R1,y = 600 kN
(−10)(R1,y ) + (1080) + (960) + (840) + (720) + (600) + (480) + (360) + (240) + (120) + (600) = 0
∴ R1,y = 600 kN
All reactions could not be solved at this time. Proceed to the joints.
F21
R1,x Joint 1 F1
R1,y = 600 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
(R1,x ) + (F1 ) = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(R1,y ) + (F21 ) = 0
(600) + (F21 ) = 0
∴ F21 = −600 kN
In Compression
F32
R2,y = 600 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
→ ∑ Fx = 0
(R2,x ) + (−1)(F10 ) = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(R2,y ) + (F32 ) = 0
(600) + (F32 ) = 0
∴ F32 = −600 kN
In Compression
60 kN
Joint 12 F11
F22
F21 = -600 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
→ ∑ Fx = 0
(F11 ) + (0.781)(F22 ) = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F22 = 864.418 kN
In Tension
(F11 ) + (864.418)(0.781) = 0
(F11 ) + (674.995) = 0
∴ F11 = −674.995 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F32 = −600,
120 kN
F31
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
→ ∑ Fx = 0
(−1)(F15 ) + (F16 ) = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(−120) + (−1)(F31 ) = 0
∴ F31 = −120 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F31 = −120, F32 = −600,
60 kN
F20 Joint 22
F33
F32 = -600 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
→ ∑ Fx = 0
(−1)(F20 ) + (−0.781)(F33 ) = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F33 = 864.418 kN
In Tension
(−1)(F20 ) + (864.418)(−0.781) = 0
(−1)(F20 ) + (−674.995) = 0
∴ F20 = −674.995 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F31 = −120,
F23
F22 = 864.4 kN
F1 Joint 2 F2
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(0.625)(F22 ) + (F23 ) = 0
(864.418)(0.625) + (F23 ) = 0
∴ F23 = −540 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540,
F34
F33 =
864.4 kN
F9 Joint 10 F10
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(0.625)(F33 ) + (F34 ) = 0
(864.418)(0.625) + (F34 ) = 0
∴ F34 = −540 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540,
120 kN
F26
F23 = -540 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F26 = 672.325 kN
In Tension
∴ F12 = −1199.992 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22
= 864.418, F23 = −540, F26 = 672.325, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540,
120 kN
F35
F34 = -540 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F35 = 672.325 kN
In Tension
∴ F19 = −1199.992 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 =
−600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F26 = 672.325, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 =
F24
F26 = 672.3 kN
F2 Joint 3 F3
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(F24 ) + (0.625)(F26 ) = 0
(F24 ) + (672.325)(0.625) = 0
∴ F24 = −420 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 =
−600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F26 = 672.325, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33
F36
F35 =
672.3 kN
F8 Joint 9 F9
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(0.625)(F35 ) + (F36 ) = 0
(672.325)(0.625) + (F36 ) = 0
∴ F36 = −420 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 =
−600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F26 = 672.325, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33
120 kN
F25
F24 = -420 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F25 = 480.232 kN
In Tension
∴ F13 = −1574.989 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F19 = −1199.992, F20 =
−674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232, F26 = 672.325, F31
= −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325, F36 = −420,
120 kN
F37
F36 = -420 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F37 = 480.232 kN
In Tension
∴ F18 = −1574.989 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F18 = −1574.989, F19 =
−1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232,
F26 = 672.325, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325, F36 = −420,
F37 = 480.232,
F27
F25 = 480.2 kN
F3 Joint 4 F4
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(0.625)(F25 ) + (F27 ) = 0
(480.232)(0.625) + (F27 ) = 0
∴ F27 = −300 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F18 = −1574.989, F19 =
−1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232,
F26 = 672.325, F27 = −300, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325,
F38
F37 =
480.2 kN
F7 Joint 8 F8
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(0.625)(F37 ) + (F38 ) = 0
(480.232)(0.625) + (F38 ) = 0
∴ F38 = −300 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F18 = −1574.989, F19 =
−1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232,
F26 = 672.325, F27 = −300, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325,
120 kN
F28
F27 = -300 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F28 = 288.139 kN
In Tension
∴ F14 = −1799.988 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F14 = −1799.988, F18 =
−1574.989, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 =
−420, F25 = 480.232, F26 = 672.325, F27 = −300, F28 = 288.139, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33
= 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325, F36 = −420, F37 = 480.232, F38 = −300,
120 kN
F39
F38 = -300 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F39 = 288.139 kN
In Tension
∴ F17 = −1799.988 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F14 = −1799.988, F17 =
−1799.988, F18 = −1574.989, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23
= −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232, F26 = 672.325, F27 = −300, F28 = 288.139, F31 = −120, F32
= −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325, F36 = −420, F37 = 480.232, F38 = −300, F39
= 288.139,
F29
F28 = 288.1 kN
F4 Joint 5 F5
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(0.625)(F28 ) + (F29 ) = 0
(288.139)(0.625) + (F29 ) = 0
∴ F29 = −180 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F14 = −1799.988, F17 =
−1799.988, F18 = −1574.989, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23
= −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232, F26 = 672.325, F27 = −300, F28 = 288.139, F29 = −180, F31
= −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325, F36 = −420, F37 = 480.232, F38
F40
F39 =
288.1 kN
F6 Joint 7 F7
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(0.625)(F39 ) + (F40 ) = 0
(288.139)(0.625) + (F40 ) = 0
∴ F40 = −180 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F14 = −1799.988, F17 =
−1799.988, F18 = −1574.989, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23
= −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232, F26 = 672.325, F27 = −300, F28 = 288.139, F29 = −180, F31
= −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325, F36 = −420, F37 = 480.232, F38
120 kN
F30
F29 = -180 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
∴ F30 = 96.046 kN
In Tension
∴ F15 = −1874.987 kN
In Compression
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F14 = −1799.988, F15 =
−1874.987, F17 = −1799.988, F18 = −1574.989, F19 = −1199.992, F20 = −674.995, F21 = −600,
F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232, F26 = 672.325, F27 = −300, F28 = 288.139,
F29 = −180, F30 = 96.046, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 = −540, F35 = 672.325,
F36 = −420, F37 = 480.232, F38 = −300, F39 = 288.139, F40 = −180,
120 kN
F31 = -120 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
(−1)(F15 ) + (F16 ) = 0
(−1)(−1874.987) + (F16 ) = 0
∴ F16 = −1874.987 kN
In Compression
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0
(−120) + (−1)(F31 ) = 0
Known Axial Forces: F11 = −674.995, F12 = −1199.992, F13 = −1574.989, F14 = −1799.988, F15 =
−1874.987, F16 = −1874.987, F17 = −1799.988, F18 = −1574.989, F19 = −1199.992, F20 =
−674.995, F21 = −600, F22 = 864.418, F23 = −540, F24 = −420, F25 = 480.232, F26 = 672.325, F27
= −300, F28 = 288.139, F29 = −180, F30 = 96.046, F31 = −120, F32 = −600, F33 = 864.418, F34 =
−540, F35 = 672.325, F36 = −420, F37 = 480.232, F38 = −300, F39 = 288.139, F40 = −180,
120 kN
F41
F40 = -180 kN
– o + ← ↓ ↑ →
+
→ ∑ Fx = 0
∴ F41 = 96.046 kN
In Tension
+↑ ∑ Fy = 0