Script:

Strategic planning

Explain:

Ito ay isang proseso ng analytical na sinusuri ang micro at macro na kapaligiran ng Negosyo. Ang proseso
ay ginagamit upang tukuyin ang pananaw, ambisyon, at itinakda ang mga priyoridad upang makagawa
ng isang ruta na hahantong sa kumpanya patungo sa pang wakas na layunin nito.

Most people know that it’s long-term planning, but the proper process is less known which can lead to
problems. So, the areas we will cover in this lesson:

(Read what we will cover)

Problems and Failures with strategic planning

So, let’s start by first looking at problems with strategic planning. First, I find misunderstood and
misused processes. Most people heard the term perhaps they’ve even participated in strategic planning
workshops but sometimes these strategic planning processes have devolved more into something that
isn’t strategic planning and it has been done that way in the past, everyone comes to accept these bad
habits as the norm.

Let’s look at some scenarios

In this scenario – Our planning calendar says it’s time to do our strategic plan. So, let’s invite all our
stakeholders to a session and get it done. We will ask everyone what they think we should do for the
next 3 to 5 years and write it on the flipchart. Once we are done, we will produce a nice report and give
everyone a copy.

Now I’m not necessarily saying that there’s no value to either of these processes, but it certainly
presents some problems. Let’s dig into that a bit.

What causes failure w/ strategic planning

What are some things that can cause strategic plans to fail or not be as effective as they could be? The
first problem is there’s no clear purpose so how can you get results?

In our scenarios, it was something that just needed to be done. Without purposes, it is difficult to get
commitment or focus. People may go off in all directions. The second problem the plan is not linked to a
vision and goals so why are we doing it? It may seem obvious but so often the vision and goals are not
considered. The next and very common problem is basing the plan on opinions rather than based on real
and objective information, so we end up w/ a plan that is not realistic or achievable. A solid plan takes
research and time which connects to the next problem, the lack of a structured and systematic
approach. Sometimes organizations want to rush through the process and don’t want to commit the
time and effort. Once again this usually leads to a poor plan even if it does have fancy graphics and a
glossy cover. Another big problem is when it’s not linked to action or implementation. So for example,
who will do, what by when, what resources do we need without getting these things in the plan is not
likely get done and plans are sometimes not aligned w/ the current reality such as resources so we may
have some grand ideas, but we don’t have the money or time if it’s not realistic. It won’t be achieved.
And finally, there may be no follow-up evaluation. The plan just sits on the shelf a strategic plan should
be a living document that is continuously referenced and modified as necessary to changing conditions.

Criteria for an effective strategic plan

So now that we’ve looked at the problems and pitfalls let’s talk about the criteria for effective planning.
Mainly it needs to be based on best practices and it needs to be objective and achievable.

Strategy

Let’s start by understanding what we mean by strategy when a military general or a chest master talks
about strategy, they’re talking about the approach they use to win. It’s not an instruction for how they
do their job or what others want them to do it’s the same in management. This definition from
essentials of strategic management by Hills and Jones describes it as a set of actions that managers take
to increase their company’s performance, relative.

Why is it important?

So why is strategic planning important? First, consider how will we achieve our vision and mission? How
can we be better than the competition?

A strategic plan gives us how it creates focus because we can’t be all things to everyone. Have you ever
tried it? It allows us to be proactive. It gives us abroad and long-term view. And it guides operational
decision-making, budgets, and priorities.

Strategic planning ay isang mahalagang bahagi ng pangkalahatang pamamahala ng pagganap. Ito ay

batay sa pananaw, misyon, at mga halaga ng isang organisasyon na sa pangkalahatan ay hindi
nagbabagong mga estratehiya. Tukuyin kung paano tayo nakarating doon at bilang ang kapaligiran ay
karaniwang nagbabago sa ating paligid. Kailangang baguhin ang mga estratehiya upang umangkop. Ang
estratehikong plano pagkatapos ay gagabay sa mga operasyon kung saan natin itutuon ang ating mga
mapagkukunan, kung ano ang kailangan nating makamit. Ginagabayan nito ang mga plano ng yunit ng
negosyo at sa huli ay ang mga plano ng indibidwal na empleyado. Kapag ang trabaho ng bawat
empleyado ay nakahanay sa diskarte ang organisasyon ay gumaganap nang maayos.

Human Resource Forecasting Techniques

Delphi Technique

Explain:

Delphi is a structured approach for reaching a consensus judgment among experts about future
developments in any area that might affect a business, for example, a firm’s future demand for labor.

Sa pamamaraan ng Delphi, pinili ang isang panel ng mga nauugnay na tao upang tugunan ang isang isyu.
Pinapadali nito ang paggawa ng desisyon ng grupo. Pinipili ang mga eksperto batay sa kanilang kaalaman
sa mga panloob na salik na maaaring makaapekto sa isang negosyo (hal., inaasahang pagreretiro),
kanilang kaalaman sa mga pangkalahatang plano sa negosyo ng organisasyon, kaalaman sa mga
panlabas na salik na maaaring makaapekto sa demand para sa produkto at serbisyo ng kumpanya, at
kaya ang panloob na pangangailangan nito para sa paggawa.
Experts may range from first-line supervisors to top-level managers. Sometimes, outside experts are
also used.

The main objective of the Delphi technique is to predict future developments in a given area by
integrating the independent opinions of experts. Face-to-face group discussion among the experts is
avoided to eliminate criticism and compromise on good ideas.

To avoid these problems, an intermediary is used. The intermediary’s job is to pool, summarize, and
then feedback to the experts on the information generated independently by all the other experts
during the first round of forecasting.

The cycle is then repeated so that the experts can revise their forecasts and the reasons behind their
revised forecasts.

The following are the key characteristics of the Delphi method: the anonymity of the participants, the
structuring of information flow, regular feedback, and the role of the facilitator.

Guidelines to make the Delphi process most useful:

 Give the experts enough information to make an informed judgment.

 It does not require precision.
 Keep the exercise as simple as possible.
 Be sure that the classification of employees and other definitions are understood in the same
way by all experts.
 Enlist top management’s expert’s support of the Delphi process by showing how good forecasts
will benefit the organization and affect profitability and workforce productivity.

The Delphi technique produces a few important benefits such as;

a. elimination of interpersonal problems among panelists,

b. efficient use of experts’ time,
c. adequate time for reflection & analysis by respondents,
d. diversity & quantity of ideas generated, and
e. accuracy of predictions & forecasts made.

Ang pamamaraan ng Delphi ay hindi walang limitasyon. Dapat itong matanto na sa isang lugar tulad ng
pagtataya ng mapagkukunan ng tao, ang antas ng kawalan ng katiyakan ay napakalaki na ang eksaktong
at palaging tamang mga hula ay imposible. Samakatuwid, ang isang mataas na antas ng error ay
inaasahan. Ang isa pang partikular na kahinaan ng pamamaraan ng Delphi ay ang mga pag-unlad sa
hinaharap ay hindi palaging hinuhulaan nang tama ng pinagkasunduan ng mga eksperto. Ang isa pang
problema ay ang kawalan ng kakayahan ng mga eksperto na gumawa ng mga kumplikadong pagtataya
na may maraming mga kadahilanan.
Nominal Technique

Advantages of the nominal technique

May pagkakataon para sa pantay na partisipasyon ng lahat ng miyembro.

Malawak ang partisipasyon, hindi limitado sa ilang makapangyarihang miyembro.
Pinapayagan nito ang mas mahigpit na kontrol sa oras. Sa gayon, pinapabilis nito ang proseso ng
paggawa ng desisyon. Ito ay isang prosesong nakakatipid sa oras.
Ang isang solong miyembro ay hindi maaaring mangibabaw sa proseso ng desisyon. May maliit na
pagkakataon na mangyari ang pag-iisip ng grupo.
Dahil sa mas malawak na partisipasyon, ang mga miyembro ay maaaring makabuo ng mga bagong ideya.

Disadcvantage of nominal technique

Ang mga miyembro ng grupo ay nabigo sa higpit ng pamamaraan, Hindi makakuha ng pakiramdam ng
pagkakaisa, Huwag magkaroon ng pagkakataon na makinabang mula sa cross-fertilization ng mga ideya.
Ang tagumpay ng nominal na pamamaraan ay nakasalalay sa kapasidad ng bawat miyembro.

Brainstorming

Brainstorming is a popular method for encouraging creative thinking in groups of about five to eight
people (Ivanceivich, 1998).

Good ideas may be combined to form a single better idea, as suggested by the slogan “1+1=3”. It is
believed to stimulate the building of ideas by the process of association. It is built around four basic
guidelines for participants:

 Generate as many ideas as possible.

 Be creative, freewheeling & imaginative.
 Build upon extending or combine earlier ideas,
 Withhold criticism of others’ ideas.

The success of this technique depends on each member’s capacity, willingness to hear thoughts, use the
thoughts as a stimulus, spark new ideas of their own, and feel free to express them.

Advantages of Brainstorming

There are many advantages of brainstorming, such as

1. group members are enthusiastic,

2. broad level participation,
3. group members maintain a strong task orientation,
4. new ideas are built upon & extended and
5. combined and improved ideas.

Disadvantages of Brainstorming
The major disadvantages of brainstorming are:

1. Members typically feel that the final product is a team solution, not an individual,
2. Residual fear among some members,
3. Creative thoughts are looked down upon,
4. Less contribution to group cohesion.
5. Only one person can speak at a time,

Trend analysis

The purpose is to identify trends that might continue. It provides an initial estimate.

Ratio analysis

Nangangahulugan ito ng paggawa ng mga pagtataya batay sa ratio sa pagitan ng anumang kadahilanan
na sanhi at ang bilang ng mga empleyado na kinakailangan. Ipinapalagay ng pagsusuri sa ratio na ang
pagiging produktibo ay nananatiling pareho.
Scatter plot

Malaki ang papel na ginagampanan ng paghuhusga ng managerial, alinmang pamamaraan ng pagtataya

na ginagamit ng mga HR manager. Bihirang, anumang makasaysayang kalakaran o relasyon ay
magpapatuloy nang hindi magbabago sa hinaharap. Ang mga tagapamahala ng HR ay kailangang
baguhin ang hula batay sa mga salik- gaya ng inaasahang paglilipat o pagnanais na pumasok sa mga
bagong merkado. Minsan mahirap kumuha ng pangmatagalang pananaw, lalo na kapag ang mga
kondisyon ng merkado ay nagbabago nang malaki.

Good evening everyone so tonight is the continuation of our report. We will talk about Human Resource
Forecasting Techniques. One of these techniques is the Delphi technique. The Delphi technique plays an
important role in the project management process. Let’s learn more about this technique.

What is the Delphi technique and how do we apply it?

The Delphi technique takes its name from the oracle at Delphi. The ancient Greek temple was where
people were able to discern the future as the ancient Greeks believed. Anyway, as a modern way of
solving difficult problems, the Delphi technique goes back 1950’s when it was developed in the U.S by
the RAND Corporation. They used it to facilitate technological forecasting that trying to see the future
and identify what would happen. Is it possible? Well, it turns out that to a degree it is if the
circumstances are right and if you facilitate the process properly.

The major benefit of the Delphi technique is it overcomes one of the problems that getting people in a
room, to talk about their problems or to try to foresee the future because you get all sorts of biases, you
get a bias from the first speaker everyone then frames the arguments in contrast to or in support of
what the first speaker says and certain charismatic individuals or certain high profile individuals deem to
be greater experts can move the needle on opinions, not because they’re right but because of the way
other people defer to them. You will probably be aware that in group sessions there are always some
people whose opinions carry greater weight and it’s not always because they’re right. And there’s
another problem, Once we express an opinion we often find it hard to change that opinion because