Cover photo: Monks from Wat Bo, Wat Damnak and Wat Polanka washing lion statues at Phimeanakas

temple

Photo credit: Michael Blazek, Czech Republic Gopura Team, 2008.

Translated into English by: David Rorke

TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S
1 PREFACES
- Irina BOKOVA, Director-General of UNESCO, and Koichiro Matsuura, former
Director-General of UNESCO........................................................................... 7
- Jean-François DESMAZIÈRES and Masafumi KUROKI, Cochairmen............... 11
- Teruo JINNAI,




- Azedine BESCHAOUCH,




2 !"#$
- Brief history of ICC-Angkor............................................................................ 27
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3 ISSUES
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........................................................................... 41
- Sustainable Development
- Siem Reap Town Planning Projects )
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................................................. 83

4 IMPRESSIONS
- Mounir BOUCHENAKI, ad hoc
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- Giorgio CROCI, ad hoc
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- Pierre-André LABLAUDE, ad hoc
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 RECOLLECTIONS
- Teruo JINNAI, 



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- Francine d’ORGEVAL, ; 6<
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Bruno FAVEL,; 6/&/
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- List of Cochairmen...................................................................................... 114
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Irina BOKOVA Koïchiro MATSUURA

Director-General of UNESCO former Director-General of UNESCO
(since November 2009) (November 1999 - November 2009)

It is a great honor for us to call to mind the programs that have been developed over

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kor site. programs on the ground, the new policy
choices being made today by the Cambo-
For UNESCO, safeguarding the Angkor /(
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the Safeguarding and Development of the List, UNESCO’s focus has been to promote
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Jean-François DESMAZIÈRES Masafumi KUROKI

Ambassador of France Ambassador of Japan

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Norodom Sihanouk, the ICC-Angkor, co- among the archaeology and architecture
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Baphuon temple Bayon temple

mic, environmental and social policies that 

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INTRODUCTION
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Teruo JINNAI








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A N G KO R S AV E D,
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Azedine BESCHAOUCH




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With my background of more than 40 River of One Thousand Lingas - Kbal Spean

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der about, even stroll through the forest, with archaeology. Archaeology can only
with nothing to fear. thrive in an enabling environment. And
this has been the case at Angkor over the
The temples—sacred spaces both inside last few years. Exploratory digs may not
and out—are watched over by the vigi- 
   
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when visitors will no longer need such re- archaeology has also been taking a broad
minders. look at Angkor territory and has made
some very meaningful breakthroughs in
Our delight is unbounded when seeing the our understanding of Angkor. Research in
place scoured of rubbish! Garbage is being Angkor Thom, the preeminent Angkorian
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signing of urban space through a perpen- forest resounds with the singing of birds.
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the Northern Baray, with Preah Khan, the
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PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED
ON THE ANGKOR ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE

C O N S E R V AT I O N
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ONGOING PROJECTS

RESTORATION
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13 Czech Academy of Sciences

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COMPLETED PROJECTS
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4 CONTINENTS
16 COUNTRIES

Europe Asia Oceania America

1. <
@(Q 1. Œ@(Q 1. Australia 1. USA
2. Czech Republic 2. China 2. New Zealand
3. Germany 3. India
4. Great Britain 4. Indonesia
 Hungary  Singapore
X Italy
7. Switzerland
8. Poland
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Philippe DELANGHE
Culture Programme Specialist

Preah Khan temple

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an on-site branch of the École française ( 

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d’Extrême-Orient, in Siem Reap, the years, with monuments in the Angkor area
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Angkor monuments. Over the next several


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 ther Norodom Sihanouk, Chairman of the
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sites both in and outside the Angkor area, launched an appeal to UNESCO to safe-

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 agreements were signed, thus freeing



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with the outbreak of civil war, the Viet- 

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appeal of HM the King Father, Federico Danger, however, was a decision that must
Mayor, Director-General of UNESCO, of- also be seen against the backdrop of the
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campaign to safeguard one of the world’s many parts of the historic site of Angkor

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very important step, as a site can only be The event brought together various mem-
inscribed on the World Heritage List if cer- 
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France and Japan, with UNESCO providing = "=q @Œ"Q *(  …
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the services of Secretariat. From that his- currently in its third phase, was renamed
toric moment on, ICC-Angkor would meet the Japan-APSARA Team for Safeguarding
twice yearly, one session Technical and the "=q@Œ""Q? &=

other Plenary. the managerial success and technical qua-
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 thority acquired over the years, thanks to
the mechanism needed to facilitate, moni- 
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taken on the site, especially through its the Italian government through the Italian
independent group of ad hoc experts for Funds-in-Trust and is currently caring for a

_/=(

- number of smaller research and restora-

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the World Heritage List, capacity building Other ventures are being carried out on a
was also needed to cope with the gigan- bilateral basis, having, as is true of all pro-
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ment required to guide it in those tasks. 

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the tourist boom in and around Angkor. The

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 of the Royal Government of Cambodia,
training both abroad and on the site, most therefore changed course. During the se-
frequently in the framework of research  
& 6


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that had been approved by ICC-Angkor. tenth anniversary of ICC-Angkor, to take
APSARA Authority experts carefully honed stock and prepare for the future, sustai-
their technical skills and have proven to be nable development was given a prominent
 
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save the monuments. Under the aegis of a major concern of the ICC-Angkor, which
ICC-Angkor, UNESCO started to intervene now has an independent group of ad hoc
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partners have learned valuable lessons

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Heritage List. may draw lessons from this unique experi-
ence and that ICC-Angkor may serve as an
ICC-Angkor is a success story for Cambodia
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  ing to play its vital role in Cambodia.

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TIME MARKER

1907-1975
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King Father Norodom Sihanouk, in his =]

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capacity as chairman of the Supreme Safeguarding and Development of
&/&?&&=6 the Historic Site of Angkor.


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>  • 1st Plenary Session of the ICC in
safeguard the Angkor monuments. Phnom Penh, cochaired by France
and Japan.
 
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Signature of the Paris peace agree-  ()
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Inclusion of Angkor on UNESCO’s List `
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kor held in Tokyo. Heritage in Danger and put on the
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Ad hoc expert visit - Angkor Thom moat
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R O L E A N D O P E R AT I O N S
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Ta Prohm temple
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Bun Hok LIM

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Role
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the safeguarding and development of the
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site and in the Siem Reap-Angkor region. of a methodological document on the
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the plenary level and once at the technical
The ICC implements procedures to take level.
under advisement, assess and follow-up on

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projects put forward for the Angkor site. early December and is cochaired by the
ambassadors of France and Japan in
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Cochairmen via the secretariat.

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and discussions focus on overarching by the Secretariat.
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funding available/fund-seeking for new The ICC enjoys the technical support of
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are also invited to it. The Plenary Session with diverse but complementary skills in

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on its agenda, although the technical The two Cochairmen recommend one

  
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  expert each, while the other two are
submit beforehand their progress reports from ICOMOS and ICCROM. The second
in English or French to the Secretariat. group is the ad hoc group of experts for
These in turn are translated into the other sustainable development. This group,
language, French or English, compiled and composed of three experts likewise of
distributed. The progress reports thus varying and complementary skills, started
collected are discussed at the session. 6/=  `99X ( 6 (
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Cochairmen designates one expert and the Challenges

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Authority. growing in scope from year to year.
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currently being undertaken by technical Angkor site and in Siem Reap town, with
teams. They give an oral report of their projects involving safeguarding as well as
visit during the session. The ad hoc sustainable development.
experts for sustainable development work
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 and the pressure that these factors bring
to bear on the monuments and natural
With a view to keeping the ICC members 
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If adopted, they are distributed to all in sustainable development was a major step
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The future challenges of the ICC involve

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plumb in its management of the Angkor
site with a long-term outlook, one that
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of the historical and natural site as to the
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sacredness of Angkor.

Ad hoc expert visit - Angkor Wat

Ad hoc expert visit - Angkor Thom: Prof. Jacques Gaucher explaining the plan he has developed
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RESEARCH AND
C O N S E R V AT I O N
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In accordance with the Tokyo Intergovern- /…

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maintenance of the individual monuments
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PROJECT STARTUP
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A level has thereby been established at by the Cochairmen.
which these vital issues will be addressed,
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the pillars of a strategy shared by all and out to meet the operators, to discuss their
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preeminent stakeholder in development examined and experiences shared.
of the site. But what is taking place on a
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should enable visitors to go through the shows be limited to certain spaces, that
site at their own speed, to look beyond they come across as something special
the monuments per se and enjoy the 
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opportunity and jobs with tourism Authority. The ICC has reviewed various
growing so quickly. This is a typical projects involving water management and
happening, something widely the repossessing of urban and suburban


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and it is happening here. As so many
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experienced a measure of prosperity. feature of their power base and wealth and,
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should aim to integrate them, to water table, are increasing uncertainty
the extent possible, in the local regarding the future of the ancient

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and especially Siem Reap, appear to tour on the Issue of Water, held in Siem Reap in
operators as the logical extension of an 2007. The issue was framed immediately
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subject to the direct onslaught of tourist a classic, hygienic or economic vision,
arrivals crammed into the last months of == && (q=   =
 
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for water to be considered not just as a 

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resource, but rather as a feature of the fast-track tourism development. A point
Angkor heritage, inseparable from the to ponder was made at the 14th Plenary
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is therefore incumbent on all to preserve whole area from Phnom Kulen to the Tonle

/&&&(q=
 Sap Lake into one ecosystem. This could
moving forward on this front. Stakeholders
with apparent divergent interests were
able to discuss the issue in the light of their
experiences, agreeing to a measure of
provide a vital lead to grasp the urban
expansion issue and take it to all parts
of the country that have tourist industry
drawing cards.
&/&ƒ6
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The ICC insists on the need to have a short-
Urban development and the territory of term, territory-wide master plan. It also
Siem Reap next came up on the agenda. supports projects outlined by the APSARA
These issues are more complex, because, in & "/(†
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factors, a society-wide project is involved, heritage of Siem Reap town, including its

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 in heritage tour routes to include pagodas,
by all observers and contained in the &(
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Management Plan for the Angkor site only can rediscover the rural dimension of Siem

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territorial management and sustainable  &
  
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safeguarding of a World Heritage site >
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Ancient bridge - Kompong Kdei Siem Reap River

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Flooded forest - Kompong Phluk

Angkor Park, by proposing the repossession   (


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of some parts of the town. Without 
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overlooking this economic aspect, the ICC the faith and drive of a few individuals.
stressed the social and cultural impact of These proposals run the risk of remaining
such a project that purports to improve the completely isolated, of being lost in the
people’s standard of living by giving them ocean of facility, unless they are made
(

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enabling them to maintain agricultural *(
 
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their land. such as building the future of Siem Reap-
Angkor, into an Agenda 21 program that
The experiences presented provide could be implemented by the sustainable
plenty of lessons in sustainable tourism development observatory now on the
development. The general commitment drawing board.
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ANGKOR MANAGEMENT PLAN


`99
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government agency charged with managing (

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the park to help address the challenges 
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a management plan for the park. The  (
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second phase will pursue the overarching Cambodian NGO Vaddhanak, to help build
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the program, and overall development to make these visions a reality were all
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people living within the park have found /
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requirements of a World Heritage site,
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 with the ANA as it implements phase two of
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slated for 2012.
A new team of seven community liaison
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HERITAGE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

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This project proposes the development  q=  &

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archaeological sites and the surrounding (
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be made for the sites of Beng Mealea and poverty. This framework will be based on a
Kampong Phluk, situated in zones 3 and 4. 


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of Angkor—including longstanding
  
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 between heritage, tourism, development
to more sustainable development and and the local community. The project’s

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through the appropriate heritage key RGC/APSARA personnel so as to
management of Angkor. The project will facilitate skills development and ongoing
also develop an exemplary methodology &

6=




for the management of complex cultural and wide-scale community engagement in

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  heritage management.
== /  *(
 
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Management Framework may be used The Heritage Management Framework
at other Cambodian sites, such as Preah && 

   
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Vihear, as well as more widely at other 
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World Heritage sites that are facing similar
Cambodia’s neediest provinces by enabling
challenging management issues. the community to get involved and share
economically and culturally in the dynamic
_ &q= && /
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/


 &=/  `996/66/
 
 7 8 |     % "  # $ {     }
 
Siem Reap River
    % "  # $ {     }
   |  ) 

SIEM REAP TOWN

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
 8 0 |     % "  # $ {     }
 

Waste water disposal line - Siem Reap town

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LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT tors pass through it every year. Currently,

(
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Cambodia’s cultural landscape features is producing 3,000 m3 of clean water a day,
a symbiosis between culture and nature. serving some 22,400 inhabitants. The rest
This blending is seen virtually everywhere 6 (
 
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on Khmer historical sites, the best known @(
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examples being Ta Prohm temple where draw their water from the water table. The
the roots of centuries-old trees have en- 

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clasped temple structures, the Kbal Spean (
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sculptured riverbed of a thousand lingams
and Phnom Kulen. *( &
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This image of green city, where the func- the Siem Reap-Angkor region. If drawing
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 from the water table is not controlled,
6 6     &=
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visitors. a real threat to the underground water
source.
Urban development projects are taking
this value into account. Siem Reap must To deal with this threat, the local autho-

 
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{
a seamless joining of the greenery of the • Requested further funding from JICA
q(

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 to study and implement a clean water
town. A project to provide a walking trail supply system that will meet the fu-
along the banks of the Siem Reap River will ture needs of Siem Reap town to 2030.
enable visitors to enjoy this reading. The
waterway is the dominant theme of tours • Set up a Siem Reap Water Working
of Siem Reap town, from the archaeolo- Group with the special mission of mo-
gical park to the old colonial downtown nitoring and managing the use of wa-
area. Visitors can take in the pagodas, the ter resources to enable the sustainable
&&/&= (
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ters, while enjoying the luxuriant green region. Its membership includes repre-
&= (
 = &  ‚= / 6

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this river. Reap, ANA, the Tonle Sap Authority,
the Siem Reap Water Authority, Water
~"["* ++~} Resources and Meteorology Depart-
ment, Rural
`99€?

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approximately 173,000. Two million visi-
 8 2 |     % "  # $ {     }
 

Beng Mealea temple

Development Department and Mi- de développement. The system recom-

nistry of Planning. It reports regularly 

6=
 
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to the ICC on issues involving use of private sewage disposal linked to a lagoon
underground water for development 

 
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of the Siem Reap-Angkor region. 
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will be funded by a loan from the Export-
SANITATION AND SEWERAGE _q6$
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 The proposed drainage and sewerage
funding assistance from the Asian Deve- system has sewers and drains with dif-
lopment Bank to put in a combined drai- ferent conduits for sanitary wastewater
nage and sewerage network unit, inclu- and storm water. Work is slated to start in
=  

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this network is ongoing and was slated for
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study for a drainage and sewerage mas- town that are not covered by funding from
ter plan and emergency drainage work the Agence française de développement
is being funded by the Agence française and the Asian Development Bank.
    % "  # $ {     }
   | 83

T H E A P S A R A N AT I O N A L
"*\ *}"^
   ! "  # $
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Angkor Wat temple

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which many are not aware. Management of the Siem Reap-Angkor

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of danger facing Angkor, the World (

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issues and challenges that go along with a site on the World Heritage List. The key thrust
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GOVERNING STRUCTURE
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CHAIRMAN

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ANGKOR PARK MONUMENT CONSERVA!

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ad hoc expert visit - Angkor Thom
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IMPRESSIONS
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The ad hoc experts at work - Ta Prohm
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Mounir BOUCHENAKI
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1. Comments on the work of the ad hoc expert group

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the UNESCO Director-General as an ad hoc expert group member for the safeguarding
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the World Heritage List, I had been monitoring all phases of what can be considered as
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Giorgio CROCI
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Ad hoc expert visit - Koh Ker

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Pierre-André LABLAUDE
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problems involving an outstandingly rich heritage, one which we have seen expand in
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several dozen specialist and enthusiasts, many of them virtually volunteers, delighted
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but ephemeral and can only end in death and ruin.

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part that is uniquely ours, as well as that which is common to all of us.

We are thereby invited, insistently, and that is no doubt the most important thing, to

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RECOLLECTIONS
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Cleaning - Royal pool of Srah Srang
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Teruo JINNAI






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 plinary dimension.
obvious: The debates were of high caliber.
The two Cochairmen, the ambassadors of It is my hope that it will long remain this
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of the Permanent Secretary, with whom I
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On this backdrop, you can certainly under-

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Francine d’ORGEVAL Bruno FAVEL

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genuine debate takes place, knowledge is transferred, methods and ideas are confron-
ted. The result is a comprehensive, equitable approach that serves the needs of the
Angkor site.

For us, it is a marvelous epic that, like the Ramayana, is played and replayed. As the
years have gone by, we have been able to form warm bonds of friendship with all our
colleagues, both Cambodian and foreign.

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Reclining Buddha - Baphuon

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ANNEXES
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Fronton - Preah Khan

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LIST OF COCHAIRMEN:

FOR FRANCE F O R J A PA N

AMBASSADORS AMBASSADORS
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4. }ROÉ D’ALBERT@`99'%`99)Q 4. Gotaro OGAWA@`999%`99'Q
 Jean-François DESMAZIÈRES@`99)%  Fumiaki TAKAHASHI@`99'%`99)Q


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C U LT U R A L A D V I S E R S MINISTERS
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Beng Mealea temple

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S TA N D I N G
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ICC AND THE AD HOC
EXPERTS
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Ad hoc expert visit - Ta Prohm
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S TA N D I N G S E C R E TA R I AT
Azedine BESCHAOUCH   (
 
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Bun Hok LIM 

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Blaise KILIAN came in touch with Cambodia during his teenage years
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decided to return to Cambodia to help rebuild her home country.

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culture and development. She recently completed her Master II studies in


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her skills on behalf of heritage, notably on the Angkor site.

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Authority as a public agency for the safeguarding, development and ma-
nagement of the World Heritage and historic site of Angkor and went on
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Tamara TENEISHVILI holds a PhD in archaeology and research. She joined

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Anne LEMAISTRE/ /
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projects in Southeast Asia and in Central and Eastern Europe. Since April 2004, she has been in
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AD HOC EXPERTS
Mounir BOUCHENAKI holds a PhD in archaeology and ancient histo-
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Pierre-André LABLAUDE is a government architect. He received his

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Kenichiro HIDAKA is a professor of architecture history in the PhD

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Hiroyuki SUZUKI is a professor of architecture history in the School of Cul-

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home region to which he had just returned, he became involved in tourism.
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Reap provincial government.

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I N T E R N AT I O N A L C O O R D I N AT I N G
COMMITTEE FOR THE SAFEGUARD-
ING AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE
HISTORIC SITE OF ANGKOR
Adopted on December 1, 2008;


;'?`99

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 for safeguarding and sustainably develo-

for the Safeguarding and Development of ping the site and its region.
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tablished by the Intergovernmental Confe- Cambodia as a State Party to the Conven-
rence for the Safeguarding and Develop-  6 (
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ment of the Historic Site of Angkor and Its tural and Natural Heritage, and more par-

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held in response to the appeal made by of the Site and Management of the Angkor
His Majesty Norodom Sihanouk Varman
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of Cambodia for Angkor to be put on the Authority, in its capacity as project owner,
[&\
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the urgent need for coordinated interna- \
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&/- kor site.
ing its cultural, socio-economic and eco-
logical dimensions. ARTICLE 1: POLICY PRINCIPLES

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symbol of Cambodia, as one of the most  
  
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precious cultural heritages in the world.
The ICC recognizes Cambodia’s sovereignty
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mechanism for the assistance made avail-
able for the safeguarding and develop-

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over the Angkor site and its responsibility 

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The principles of the ICC expounded in the sustainable tourism that showcases the
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  diversity of their cultural resources, both
rounded out by the Second Intergovern- tangible and intangible, and helps them to
mental Conference for the Safeguarding
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and Sustainable Development of the His- the one hand, and employment opportu-
 
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The ICC encourages capacity building of
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safeguarding and sustainable develop- toric site of Angkor, including strengthen-
ment of the eco-historic site of Angkor in = (
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the framework of a comprehensive, mul- (
 

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creasingly predominant role to be played perts and their Cambodian counterparts,
by the Cambodian side in its capacity as (
  
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sustainable development in follow-up to
the Johannesburg Summit on Sustainable The ICC promotes measures to make the
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President of France and the Prime Minister &=& &=  ‘q=  /&/&
of Japan, as well as the Millennium State- 
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ment made by the Secretary-General of
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The ICC is aware of the need to develop *(

     
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ethical, sustainable tourism in the Siem coordinate the assistance made available
Reap-Angkor zone that will provide a ge-  >

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 for the safeguarding and development of
the historic site of Angkor.
The ICC encourages the involvement of
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Angkor zone and area surrounding the  q

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site and development of its region through the site and in the Siem Reap-Angkor re-
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ment projects proposed for the Angkor   ¥&/

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site. (
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The ICC coordinates the development of 

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SERVERS viduals with an interest in the safeguar-
ding and sustainable development of the
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pants of the Intergovernmental Conferen- 
 
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Germany, Australia, Belgium, Brunei, Cam- sent to the Secretariat who will forward
bodia, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Spain, the them for the prior approval of the Cochair-
United States of America, the Russian Fe- 
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Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Laos, Luxemburg,
Malaysia, Mexico, Norway, New Zealand, ARTICLE 4: HONORARY CHAIRMAN
the Netherlands, the Philippines, Poland,
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and The ICC is placed under the honorary
Northern Ireland, the Republic of Korea, chairmanship of His Majesty King Father
the People’s Public of China, Singapore, Norodom Sihanouk Varman of Cambodia
Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, to whom the Tokyo and Paris Intergov-
Tunisia, Vietnam, the European Union, ernmental Conferences paid tribute for
(
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the ICC. 

  
  
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ARTICLE 5: COCHAIRMEN X Publish a general record of the ICC’s


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Cochairmen of the ICC is assumed by cal Session is published in English and
France and Japan as represented by their French. The record of the Plenary Ses-



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ambassadors may be represented at the <
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Technical Sessions. 
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thority.

ARTICLE 6: SECRETARIAT ARTICLE 7: PLENARY SESSION

The Director-General of UNESCO provides The Plenary Session is cochaired by the

&?  
  
& /- ambassadors of France and Japan and usu-
port to the ICC through the provision of ally meets once a year. Cambodia is repre-
a Standing Secretariat coordinated by the sented by a member of the Royal Govern-




 ment.

The services of Secretariat are facilitated

The Plenary Session determines the main
by a person designated by UNESCO to
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sence of the ambassadors or their repre-
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These members may support the projects
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cretariat to share in the work cared for by    (
 

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the Secretariat and ensure liaison with the posed by the Technical Session, decides
Cambodian side. /]
 

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The role of the Secretariat is as follows: Technical Session and approves new scien-
1. 
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2. 
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4. Write up, distribute and follow through
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pants are informed by the Secretariat.


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sion. However, observers may join in the 
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discussion sessions. contributor will be so advised by the Sec-
retariat.
ARTICLE 8: TECHNICAL SESSION
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The Technical Session is cochaired by the be forwarded to the Secretariat no later




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and the embassy of Japan and is usually
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regarding the Angkor site and its monu- ARTICLE 9: QUADRIPARTITE SESSION

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Cambodia and UNESCO. It is a closed-door
Contributors at the Technical Session are session to which no observers are invited.
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sion. However, observers may join in the • *(
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discussion sessions. 

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thority. Occasional contributors must sub-  
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in English or French to the Secretariat.
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ARTICLE 10: AD HOC GROUP OF EXPERTS "+" " & "/(  

have access to the content of the techni-
An ad hoc group of experts is appointed to cal input provided by the ad hoc group of
  (
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 experts.
technical aspects of project proposals sub-
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(& /

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the Angkor site and its monuments. ACTIVITIES ON THE ANGKOR SITE

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ology, architecture, engineering and re- Applicants must comply with the following
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• Independent researchers desiring to
The members of the ad hoc group of ex-  / 

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perts are appointed by the Cochairmen chaeology, architecture, anthropology,
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However, they remain independent and no ƒ/ 


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challenge to their conclusions is allowed 6 (
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on an individual basis. which will inform the ICC.
• Only projects from large-scale aca-
This group is an agency of the ICC to which 
  
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=  the basis of an ad hoc expert appraisal.

Only the Cochairmen and members of the
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the ad hoc experts during their visits. • All researchers working individually or
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The reports made by the ad hoc experts 
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are included in the ICC’s general report dings of their research to the APSARA
prepared by the Secretariat. & "/( (( 
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right to use them, exclusive of scien-
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ad hoc group of experts may be immedia-

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retariat in order to gather the technical
input needed by the competent authori- *(

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 are co-funded by:
Secretariat informs the Cochairman. Only • /  
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 of each of the two annual sessions. A press



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• The regular budget of UNESCO
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Q ARTICLE 14: REVISION OF THESE
•
=/& /  6 (
 & INTERNAL REGULATIONS
Government of Cambodia through the
"+" "&"/( • *(


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exclusively to the approval of the two
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<: =>"?32F=  #(<@: # • The two Cochairmen may take the ini-



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A press release is issued at the conclusion  @

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Cambodian countryside
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D E C L A R AT I O N A D O P T E D AT T H E F I R S T
I N T E R G O V E R N M E N TA L C O N F E R E N C E F O R T H E
SAFEGUARDING AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE
A N G KO R S I T E .

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[
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 6 "/ &? Development of the Historic Site of Angkor
Belgium, Brunei, Cambodia, Canada, which was held in Tokyo on 12 and 13
China, France, Germany, Hungary, India, 
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Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Laos, Luxembourg,
Malaysia, the Netherlands, Norway, the 1. We recognize that the Angkor
Philippines, Poland, Russia, Singapore, monuments are one of the world’s
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, most valuable cultural heritages in
Thailand, the United Kingdom of Great "    
&&   (
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Britain and Northern Ireland, the United of Cambodia and its people, and that
States of America, Viet Nam, the European 
& 
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Community, the Asian Development Bank, safeguarding and development of the
(
 
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Regional Centre for Archaeology and 2. We recognize that the people of
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Conference on the Safeguarding and bring about and pursue this task. We
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pay tribute to His Majesty Samdech 6 (

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Preah Norodom Sihanouk, King of / & &  
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and region of Angkor. We welcome the
establishment of the new Government  [
 
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of the Kingdom of Cambodia as †   6 6
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 a common heritage of mankind. This
of Angkor and the surrounding region. 

 
 
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We also welcome the announcement  (
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by the Government of the Kingdom 6/
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ensure the maintenance of security

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3. In holding this conference, we q
  

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respond to the appeal of the
Government of the Kingdom of
Cambodia. We recognize the urgent

of regional development that the
Government of the Kingdom of
Cambodia wishes to emphasize and for

 6 
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  which the Zoning and Environmental
prevent the Angkor monuments from ;=

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out in a coordinated manner for he (

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monuments and historical area taking
into account their cultural, socio- X [
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economic and ecological dimensions. 6 (
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4. We hold this conference for =ƒ    
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7. We recognize that each country and 11. [

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 ambassadorial level in Phnom Penh
with its circumstances to decide   (
 
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8. [
 
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community for its support to the   = &
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Government of the Kingdom of && 
  
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 the details of work being undertaken
&=  && ‘ 6 /&/& on the site and in the region. It will

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heritage of Cambodia. …
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Kingdom of Cambodia and interested
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levels. We also encourage the transfer
Relevant non-governmental organiza-
of necessary know-how between
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observers. It is proposed to place
share the view on the importance that,
(  ]

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 presidency of his Majesty Samdech
   6  
 Preah Norodom Sihanouk, King of
able to assume responsibility of the Cambodia. It will be co-chaired by

  &

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works to be carried out. be in charge of the secretariat of
(
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10. We took note of the Cambodian 
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prejudice to indispensable studies the Government of the Kingdom of
to be undertaken, the assistance of *(
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its partners leads quickly to concrete 
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willingness to take into account these   (

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13. We agree to establish, when appropriate, working groups and hold round tables

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Ta Prohm temple
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List of participants willing to contribute to the

safeguarding and development of the historic site
of Angkor

Par t ic ip ant s w illin g to New co ntributors

cont in u e o r in c re as e
init ial, tec h n ical o r o t h e r
cont rib u t io n s

AUSTRALIA ASIAN DEV. BA NK

B ELGI UM CANADA
FRANCE CHINA
# ;"} INDONESIA
\#" } ; " ~ "}  "
IND I A PHILIPPINES
*"~} RUS S I A
JA PA N SRI LANKA
LUXEMBOURG
NETHERLANDS
POLAND
SWED EN
SWITZERLAND
THAILAND
UNITED KINGDOM
USA
EC
SPAFA
UNDP
UNESCO
UNV
ICCROM
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Chong Khneas village - Phnom Krom
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   | 141

PA R I S D E C L A R AT I O N

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We, the representatives of Australia, meeting at the Second Intergovernmental

Belgium, Cambodia, Canada, China, Conference for the Safeguarding and
Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Sustainable Development of the Historic
Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Site of Angkor and of its region, held in
the Republic of Korea, Laos, Luxemburg, +


‹?`99'?
Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands,
New Zealand, Norway, the Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, the Russian Federation,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland,
Thailand, Tunisia, the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the
United States of America, Vietnam, the
Asian Development Bank, the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United

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the following:
1. We pay tribute to His Majesty Samdech
Preah Norodom Sihanouk, King of
Cambodia and Honorary Chairman
of the International Coordinating
Committee for Angkor, for his personal
commitment to the safeguarding and
development of the site and its region;
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for the Study of the Preservation and 2. We pay tribute to the action


6/&/&+
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the International Council of Museums for its ongoing involvement in this
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& /& 6 programme;
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 3. We acknowledge that the mechanism
Southeast Asian Ministers of Education of the International Coordinating
Organization Regional Centre for the Committee for the Safeguarding and
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 Angkor has enabled the successful
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 achievement of the goals of the Tokyo
Educational, Scientific, and Cultural ^
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 [& _q? express our sincere appreciation to
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to UNESCO for its unflagging and very
efficacious services as Secretariat of
the ICC;
4. We extend our warm congratulations
to the Cambodian authorities, in
particular to the APSARA Authority,
for the efforts put forth in recent
years to ensure the safeguarding and
development of Angkor. We encourage
them to strengthen the human
resources of the APSARA Authority,
and its financial resources, if feasible
with the shortest possible delay, by
implementing appropriate regulatory,
legal and administrative measures so
that this public institution can fully
Coordinating Committee for the
Safeguarding and Development of the
site of Angkor by strengthening the
role of the APSARA Authority within
this mechanism and by maintaining the
integrated, multidisciplinary approach
of the Committee, as well as the spirit
of cooperation that characterizes its
activities;
7. We invite the international
organizations and scientific
institutions that have contributed to
the safeguarding of the monuments
to contribute to the elaboration of
a methodological document on the
ethics and practice of conservation
assume its role as partner of the  "=q @

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international community, permanent  

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project owner and, as required, main recommendations submitted during
contractor for the work to be done; this conference by the ad hoc working
group on the points of reference for
 With reference to the Tokyo integrated sustainable tourism, as well
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 '? '? as on the draft Bayon Charter being
we express our satisfaction with the prepared by the Japanese Government
plurality and quality of what is being *
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done to improve the knowledge,
safeguarding and development of the 8. We warmly welcome the new partners
eco-historic site of Angkor and express of the Kingdom of Cambodia and
our deep gratitude to the countries, invite them to work with the ICC in
organizations and scientific institutions harmonizing their project proposals for
that have contributed to safeguarding heritage preservation, environmental
the monuments and preserving the protection and the accommodation of
site. We encourage them to give the local communities;
increased attention to archaeological,
epigraphical and historical research  We affirm the need to direct our
and to make appropriate means efforts in keeping with sustainable
available; development as outlined at the
Johannesburg Summit on Sustainable
X We reaffirm our intention to pursue ^

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international cooperation in the (
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framework of the International Chirac and the Statement made
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 | 143
by Prime Minister Koizumi on that
occasion, as well as in the Millennium
Speech made by the Secretary General
of the United Nations;
10. We recognize that sustainable ethical
tourism can furthermore contribute
to the dialogue among cultures and
civilizations, to the recognition of the
values of cultural diversity and to the
strengthening of solidarity and peace;
11. With this in mind, we recognize the
need to develop sustainable ethical
tourism in the Siem Reap / Angkor
region as a tool in the fight against
poverty. We stress the importance of
seeing to it that the local communities
in this zone and around the Tonle Sap
are involved in the promotion of this
policy in order to highlight the diversity
of their tangible and intangible
cultural resources and to offer them
access to education and training as
well as employment opportunities
and a meaningful cultural life;
12. With a view to attaining sustainable
development, we recommend that
development projects in the province
of Siem Reap / Angkor be discussed
in all their aspects, particularly
economic, social and environmental,
within the framework of the periodic
meetings of the ICC. The planning of
these projects should also be reported
to the World Heritage Committee, in
line with the operational guidelines
of the implementation of the World
Heritage Convention.
13. We recall the need for the necessary
transfer of know-how between
international experts and their
Cambodian counterparts and
encourage all international teams
to contribute to the promotion of
university training and research. We
also invite the APSARA Authority to
coordinate all initiatives that will be
taken in the area of on-site training;
14. We encourage the pooling of
knowledge and information about
Angkor through active and ongoing
support to the International
Documentation Centre for Angkor
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stakeholders regularly to forward to it
documents concerning their past and
present activities;
 We express our satisfaction with the
steps being taken to ensure safety and
security at the Angkor site through
demining operations and efforts
to prevent archaeological looting.
However, we address a solemn appeal
to all members of the international
community so that a genuine network
of solidarity may be developed to
extend looting prevention measures
to other sites in Cambodia;
X We express our satisfaction that
the international mechanism
for cooperation that has proven
efficient with regard to knowledge,
conservation and development
of the World Heritage Site of
Angkor is now starting to be
viewed as a model for other similar
actions throughout the world. We
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will see to it that this mechanism continues to strengthenthe activities,

projects and programmes implemented by Cambodia to promote national
reconciliation, social cohesion and the affirmation of cultural identity.

17. We agree to hold a third conference, at a suitable time, in order to examine the
progress made and to debate the need for new actions. This conference could be
held in the Kingdom of Cambodia.

R E C O M M E N D AT I O N S
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for the Safeguarding and Sustainable ethical principles and to the best
Development of the Historic Site of 
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Angkor and its Region considers that It is recommended that the ICC
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2. In terms of training, the progressive
The Conference also considers, with transfer of skills and knowledge
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community –governmental, non- professionals should be ensured in
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 of the Angkor site. This means that
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development of the cultural site of Angkor. 
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4. In term of enhancement of the site, the APSARA Authority.

priority should be the management
plan for the Angkor site as a whole,
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conducted over the past ten years for
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research in archaeology, epigraphy
and history that contribute to the in- 11. It is recommended that all actors
depth knowledge of the Angkor site. =& /  
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support of UNESCO, and that a 12. It is also recommended that provincial
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introduced at the Centre for all reports work together in the interests of their
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the Angkor Site. && ‘ 6 /&/& 
 
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8. UNESCO is requested to assist the
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respect for their cultural wealth. X *(
 


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notably through the APSARA Authority
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and visitor numbers leads to the   
 
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This growth, and the major risks
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well-coordinated and sustainable  (
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should be envisaged through an
economic vision and a regional 7. The diversity of future investments,
approach involving not only the World 

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Heritage Site of Angkor, but also Siem management of natural resources
Reap and Tonlé Sap, as well as rural (
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consequences for the development necessitates the exchange of
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tourism and culture, and is integrated development. It is recommended in
within the economic region of the /& ( (

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Greater Mekong. discussed within the framework of the
ICC, in order to ensure their.
 The APSARA Authority has
demonstrated its dynamism and
willingness to take care of numerous
UNESCO OFFICE IN PHNOM PENH

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Website : www.unesco.org/phnompenh

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#(  { ((/&/ 

Natalie Weinberger

ISBN: 9789995080617
©2010 UNESCO
Printed in Phnom Penh, May 2010
 ISBN: 9789995080617

PHNOM PENH

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