Drilling Engineering I

PET31103

Part 4
Hoisting System

By

Dr. Ahmed Abdulhamid Mahmoud

2 Outline

Introduction

Hoisting System Components

Hoisting Design Considerations

Ton-Miles Calculations
3 Drilling Rig
• A rig is a device used to drill, case, and cement oil and
gas wells.
• The correct procedure for selecting and sizing a drilling rig
is as follows:
1. Design the well.
2. Establish the various loads to be expected during
drilling and testing operations and use the highest
loads. This point establishes the depth rating of the
rig.
3. Compare the rating of existing rigs with the design
loads.
4. Select the appropriate rig and its components.
4 Hoisting System
• The hoisting system is a large pulley system with thick steel wire
which is used to lower or raise equipment into or out of the well.
5 Hoisting System
6 Drawworks
• Contains a rotating drum, a series of shafts, clutches, chains and
gears for changing speed and for reversing.

• It also contains the main brake for stopping the drilling line.

• The drilling line is wound a number of times around the drum, the
end of the line then passes on the crown and travelling blocks.
7 Crown Block
• Located at the top of the derrick.

• Contains a number of sheaves on which the drilling line is wound.

• The crown block provides a means of taking the drilling line from the
hoisting drum to the travelling block.

• The crown block is stationary.

8 Travelling Block

Travelling Block
• A diamond-shaped block containing
a number of sheaves which is always
less than those in the crown block.

The Hook
• Connects the Kelly or topdrive with
the travelling block.

• The hook carries the entire drilling

load.
9 Drilling Line

• The drilling line is reeved round

the crown block and travelling
block sheaves with the end line
going to an anchoring clamp
called “dead line anchor”.

• The line section connecting the

drum with the crown block is
called the fast line.

• The static line is called the

deadline.
10 Drilling Line

• Basically a wire rope made up of

strands wound around a steel core.

• Each strand contains a number of

small wires wound around a central
core.

• The size of the drilling line varies from

⅞” to 2” in diameter.
11 Dead Line Anchor
• Anchors the fast line coming from the crown block and also stores
drilling line on a reel.

• The worn parts are regularly cut and removed, slip and cut practice.

• Slipping the line, then cutting it off helps to increase the lifetime of
the drilling line.
Hoisting Design Considerations

12
13 Hoisting Design Considerations

• The procedure for carrying out hoisting design

calculations are as follows:

1) Determine the deepest hole to be drilled.

2) Determine the worst drilling loads or casing loads.

3) Use these values, select the drilling line, the derrick

capacity and in turn the derrick.
14 Hoisting System
• The drilling line is reeved round the crown block and
travelling block sheaves with the end line going to an
anchoring clamp called “dead line anchor”.
15 Static Derrick Loading
Static derrick loading (SDL)=
Fast-line load + Hook load + Dead-line load
16 Dynamic Derrick Loading
Hoisting Operations
• Friction between the wire rope and sheaves reduce the efficiency of
the hoisting system.
• The efficiency factor (EF) during hoisting (pulling out of hole)
operations is given by:
17 Example 1

Calculate the efficiency factor for a hoisting system employing 8

string lines. Assume the value of K to be 0.9615.
18 Example 2
19 Solution of Example 2
20 Solution of Example 2
21 Solution of Example 2
Ton-Miles Calculations

22
23 Drilling Line Design Considerations
Ton-Miles of a Drilling Line

• Drilling line is involved in moving

equipment in or out of the hole.

• Drilling ton-mile is the work of

drilling line that is commonly
measured as the cumulative of the
load lifted in tons and the distance
lifted or lowered in miles.

• When the predetermined ton-mile

limit is reached, drilling contractors
will perform slip and cut drilling line
to prevent drilling line fatigue.
24 Drilling Line Design Considerations
• The amount of work done varies depending the operation involved.

• This work causes the wireline to wear and if the line is not replaced
it will eventually break.

• All types of ton-mile service should be calculated and recorded in

order to obtain a true picture of the total service received from the
drilling line.

• There are several types of ton miles as follows:

1. Round trip ton-miles.

2. Drilling ton-miles.

3. Coring ton-miles.

4. Setting casing ton-miles.

5. Short trip ton-miles.

25 Ton-Miles of A Drilling Line
26 Ton-Miles of A Drilling Line
X2

(e) Work done in short trip.

Tst = T2 – T1
27 Example 3
28 Solution of Example 3
29 Solution of Example 3

×24.56
+
30 Solution of Example 3
31 Evaluation of Total Service and Cut-Off Practice

• Portions of the drilling line on the crown and travelling blocks

sheaves and on the hoisting drum carry the greatest amount of work
and is subjected to a great deal of wear and tear.

• These parts must be cut and removed at regular times other wise
the drilling line will fail by fatigue.

• The process is called “slip and cut practice”.

• The length of line to be cut is calculated as follows:

Length of line to be cut = number of drum laps x drum circumference

= number of laps x π x D

where D = drum diameter

32 Example 4
33 Solution of Example 4
34 Hoisting Video
 Drilling Engineering I
PET31103

Part 4
Hoisting System

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