Circulatory System

Tuesday, October 6, 2020 4:43 PM

Lesson - Circulatory System

Also known as the cardiovascular system, consists of the organs and
fluids that transport materials across the body.

The circulatory system has three ( 3 ) major parts.

Heart
- a hollow four chambered muscular organ that pumps blood
throughout the human body
- about the size of your fist
- located at the center of your chest, between the lungs
- a double pump that pumps on both the left and right sides
Blood vessels
- carries the blood throughout the body
- transports blood throughout the body
Blood
- carries the materials throughout the body

Heart Its four chambers are as follows:

1. Right Atrium- receiving chamber that accepts blood from the

body
2. Left Atrium- receiving chamber that accepts blood from the
lungs
3. Right Ventricle- pumping chamber that move blood to the lungs
4. Left Ventricle – pumping chamber that move blood to the body

There is a valve between each atrium and ventricle to prevent blood

from flowing backwards. The valves are like one –way doors that keep
the blood from moving in only one direction. Valves control
movement of the blood unto the heart chambers and out of the aorta
and pulmonary artery.

Tricuspid valve - gateway of blood from the right atrium to the right
ventricle.
Pulmonary valve - gateway of blood from the right ventricle to the
pulmonary artery going to the lungs
Mitral valve - gateway of blood coming from the lungs going to the
left ventricle
Aortic valve - gateway of blood coming from the left ventricle to the
aorta

Blood Vessels

Blood vessels are like the rail systems of its passenger, the
blood. It delivers the blood to where it should be.

Of course, the blood vessels has types:

1. Arteries - carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

to the cells, tissues and organs of the body
2. Veins - carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
3. Capillaries - the smallest blood vessels in the body,
connecting the smallest arteries to the smallest veins,
the actual site where gases and nutrients are
 exchanged

Superior vena cava - the main vein of the upper body

Inferior vena cava- the main vein of the lower body
Aorta - the main artery of the human body, gives blood
to the heart (coronary circulation)

Blood

Blood carries the materials throughout the body.

Types of Circulation
There are types of circulation of blood depending on where they come from and may go.

1. Pulmonary - movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs and back to the heart.
2. Coronary - movement of blood through the tissues of the heart.
3. Systematic - movement of blood from the heart to rest of the body excluding the lungs.

Mechanism of the Circulatory System

- Air first enters into the lungs and then into the left part of your heart . It is the driven by your
heart into the blood stream, all the way through your body. The heart pumps blood, which
transports essential nutrient, oxygen and other chemicals to every cell in your body.

- Once it reaches the cell, oxygen processes the nutrients to release energy . Carbon dioxide is
given off during the process the blood delivers carbon dioxide into the right portion of the
heart, from which it is pumped to the lungs. Carbon dioxide leaves your body through the lungs
when you exhale.