Disorder in the UPPER CHOANAL ATRESIA Assessment/S&S: Management:

RESPIRATORY TRACT
-a congenital obstruction of
the posterior nares
-prevent newborn from
breathing from the nose.
-Unilateral or Bilateral
-Hold newborn mouth to
assess if can breath through
nose.
-became cyanotic when
breastfeeding
-Local piercing of the
ubstraction
-surgical removal
-IV to maintain glucose and
fluid level.

ACUTE NASOPHARYNGITIS Causative agents: Assessment/S&S: Management:

-or common colds
-2 to 3 days incubation
period
PHRARYNNGITIS
-infection and inflammation
of the throat.
-2 to 5 days incubation
period.
-respiratory syncytial Virus.
-Adenovirus
-Predominantly Rhinovirus
-Parainfluenza and Influenza
Virus
Viral Pharyngitis:
-the virus that is usual
cause.
-Nasal Congestion
-Watery Rhinitis
-low grade fever
-Dyspnea
-sore throat and cough
-Swollen Lymph nodes
Assessment/S&S:
-sore throat
-fever
-rhinorrhea cough
- general malaise
-enlarge lymph nodes
-Antipyretic for the fever
-No aspirin for <18 yrs. Old
(REYE SYNDROME)
-Nasal spray/saline nose
drops
-cool mist vaporizer
-Pharynx and palatine
erythema
-Exudate may or not appear
in tonsil

Management: STREPTOCOCCAL Assessment/S&S: -Exudate may or not appear

-Oral analgesic
-Gargling of warm water.
PHARYNGITIS -Pharynx and palatine in tonsil
-the bacteria that is the erythema -diff. in swallowing
usual cause. -enlarge tonsil -sand paper like rash
-petechie
-headache, stomachache

Management: RETROPHARYNGEAL Assessment/S&S: Management:

-Antibiotic ABSCESS -high fever -IV Antibiotic for infants
-supportive care -abscess in the - refusal to eat - surginal drainage (if
retropharyngeal lymph -drooling coz cannot needed)
nodes. swallow saliva
-begin to snore

EPITAXSIS Cause: Management: Sinusitis

-nosebleed -nose picking -upright position -infection and inflammation
-dry air -head tilt slightly forward of the sinus cavities.
-trauma -pressure in the cartilage at -often precede with URI
-strenuous exercise least 10mins

Assessment/S&S Management: Laryngitis Assessment/S&S

-Fever -Analgesic - inflammation of the larynx -Brassy and hoarse voice
-nasal discharge -Antibiotic -inability to make audible
-cough that last 10 days voice sound

Cause: Management: Congenital laryngomalicia Assessment/S&S

-complication from -Sip of water (cold or warm) -or tracheomalacia -Sternum and intercostal
pharyngitis -infant laryngeal structure is spaces may retract
-excessive use of voice weaker than normal -stop sucking frequently
(shouting or loud cheering)
Management:
-feed slowly
-provide adequate rest
-gets better after 1 year.
Epiglottitis
-inflammation of epiglottis
-it is an emergency
-2 to 8 years old.
-either bacterial or viral
Management:
-backblow
-sub diaphragmatic
abdomen thrust.
Disorder of the LOWER
RESPIRATORY TRACT
Laryngotracheobronchitis Assessment/S&S Management:
-croup -barking cough -Cool mist air combined with
-inflammation of the larynx, -minimal fever corticosteroid tru nib.
trachea, and major bronchi. -inspiratory stridor
-6 mos. to 3 yrs. Old -marked retraction
-usual cause are virus
(parainfluenza V.)
Assessment/S&S: Management: Aspiration
-severe inspiratory stridor -O2 if needed -inhalation of foreign object
-high fever -IV fluids into the airway
-hoarseness -antibiotic
-severe sore throat -endotracheal airway
-difficulty swallowing
-drool
Bronchial Obstruction Assessment: Management:
-lodge on the right -violent cough -Bronchoscopy
bronchus, obstructing a -dyspnea -asses for bronchial edema,
portion or all of the right -hemotysis airways obstruction, pulse
lung. -fever and rr.
-purulent sputum -NPO for an hour
-localize wheezing -cool fluid and ice collar.
INFLUENZA Assessment/ S&S: Assessment/ S&S:
-infection of the major air -cough -gastrointestinal symp.
way. -fever -V&D
-cause by influenza type A,B -fatigue
or C -body ache
-sore throat

Treatment: BRONCHITITS Assessment/S&S: Management:

-Oseltamivir (Tamiflue) for -inflammation of the major -fever -Supportive
young children with risk bronchi -hoarse cough -Hydration
factor -cause by Myoplasma -nasal congestion -Antibiotics may prescribe
-over 6 mos. should be pneumonia -rhonchi and coarse crackles
vaccinated when auscultate

BRONCHIOLITIS Assessment/S&S: Management: ASTHMA

-inflammation of the fine -congestion -antipyretics
bronchioles and small -rhinorrhea -hydration
bronchi -fever -nasal suction & saline
-Viral illness -cough -avoid smoke
- -wheezing and retraction -hospitalization is needed