DNA YTILATIPSOH

The Tourism
FO TNEMTRAPED

MSIRUOT
TNEMEGANAM

Policy Planning
and Develop
Process

Celyrah B. Castillo,
MODULE 3
TOPICS AND HIGHLIGHTS

·Understand how policy making is developed

·Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of the

policy cycle

Explain the concept of policy making as issue

identification and management

DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT I SY 2021-2022

 2202-1202 YS I TNEMEGANAM MSIRUOT DNA YTILATIPSOH FO TNEMTRAPED
IN A TRAVELER'S HEART:

I'm in love with cities I've

never been to and people
I've never met.

JOHN GREEN
TOURISM POLICY
should reflect the overall development policy of the

country or region so that tourism is well integrated with

it. Policy also evolves from the survey and analysis of

present tourism development patterns and infrastructure,

tourist attractions and activities, and the tourist market.

The above-mentioned definition raises questions about:

Who formulates tourism policy?

What are the objectives of tourism policy?

How are those objectives achieved?

Who Formulates Tourism Policy?

DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT I

SY 2021-2022
 2202-1202 YS I TNEMEGANAM

MSIRUOT DNA YTILATIPSOH FO TNEMTRAPED

Defining tourism policy as a public

policy means that it is formulated by the

public sector together with all the

stakeholders involved which comprises

the government and local authorities.

Despite tourism being sustained mainly

by private initiative, governments have

traditionally played an essential role in

its development and in the promotion of

their countries as a tourist destination

through the activities of National

Tourism Administrations (NTAs).

 Defining NTA

administrative

bodies of
central
central
national
government body
government body
government
with powers to
with
withpowers to
intervene directly
administrative
intervene in the
in the tourism
responsibility for
tourism sector.
sector
tourism

DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT I SY 2021-2022

 THE NEED FOR NTA'S
1. COORDINATE MANY NATIONAL POLICIES THAT ARE VITAL FOR TOURISM

(TAXATION, CONSUMER PROTECTION, SOCIAL AND LABOR LEGISLATION,

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, GENERAL EDUCATION POLICY, ETC.)

2. MAINTAIN A CLOSE LINK BETWEEN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT POLICY AND

PROMOTION ABROAD.

3. AVOID THE OVER-SUPPLY OF PRIVATE OR PUBLIC FACILITIES (MARINAS,

HOTELS, ETC.) WHICH LEADS TO THE PROLIFERATION OF COMPETING

PROJECTS AND WHICH RESULTS IN LOWER OCCUPANCY RATES AND

SMALLER PROFITS.

DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT I

SY 2021-2022
 THE NEED FOR NTA'S
4. PROVIDE BACKING FOR CERTAIN INNOVATIONS (NEW TOURISM PRODUCT

POLICY) SO AS TO FACILITATE THEIR DISTRIBUTION NATIONALLY AND THEIR

PLACEMENT ON THE MARKET.

5. GATHER STATISTICS AND MONITOR ECONOMIC ACTIVITY NATIONALLY

FOR PURPOSES OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON AND DOMESTIC COMPARISON

WITH OTHER SECTORS AND, IF NEED BE, FOR DIRECTING POLICIES IN THE RIGHT

DIRECTION.

6. DEAL WITH AND MANAGE TOURISM CRISES (OF EITHER HUMAN OR NATURAL

ORIGIN). REPRESENT ITS COUNTRY IN TRADE AND CONSUME SHOWS AND

EXPOSITIONS.

DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT I

SY 2021-2022
WHY IS TOURISM
POLICY PLANNING
AND DEVELOPMENT
IMPORTANT?
DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALITY AND

TOURISM MANAGEMENT I SY 2021-2022

TOURISM POLICY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

ECONOMIC

economic reasons may include the public sector to foster tourism

development:

1. Improved balance of payment situation

2. Regional development

3. Diversification of the economy

4. Increased income levels and state revenues

5. New employment opportunities

6. Stimulation of non-tourism investment

TOURISM POLICY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

SOCIAL

socio-cultural benefits of tourism include cultural exchange, revival of

traditional arts, crafts and ceremonies as well as rural development. The

government has the responsibility to protect the social well being of

individuals by minimizing the negative impact of tourism

Some of the adverse socio-cultural effects of tourism may be,

deterioration of important historic and archeological sites, social

degradation, overcrowding by tourists and loss of convenience and

personal identity for local residents.

TOURISM POLICY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL

environmental impact of tourism include pollution and other environmental

hazards and land use problems resulting from poor planning, setting and

engineering of tourist attractions and facilities.

 NTA STRUCTURE

The state tourism The bureau located The quasi-public

secretariat, which is a within a department tourism authority or

high-level office either (such as the economic corporation, which

on its own or within a development), and often includes

government, with reporting to that representation of

representation at, and department which is members of the private

access to, the highest represented by TIEZA sector and receives

executive levels. For in the case of the private funding and

example, the Secretary Philippines. which is run more

of the Department of
independently of the

Tourism government than the

other types of NTAs.

WHAT ARE THE UNDERLYING

PROCESSES TO ACHIEVE THE
OBJECTIVES OF THE TOURISM
POLICY PLANNING AND
DEVELOPMENT?
A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD ARE

STILL IN AN EARLY STAGE OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT,

PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND IN COUNTRIES

WHERE TOURISM IS IN A TRANSITION STAGE. BUT THE EUROPEAN

UNION, NORTH AMERICA AND SIGNIFICANT PARTS OF EAST ASIA AND

THE PACIFIC COUNTRIES HAVE REACHED AN ADVANCED STAGE OF

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT. THUS,THE DEGREE OF GOVERNMENT

INVOLVEMENT IN THE TOURISM SECTOR DIFFERS FROM COUNTRY

TO COUNTRY, AND SO DO THE REASONS OF THIS INVOLVEMENT.

PLANNING
Planning is particularly important for tourism development

because of two characteristics of the tourism industry. First,

tourism is a complex industry that stretches across many

different sectors and businesses(therefore, it affects a wide-

range of areas); second, tourism development usually requires

both the public and private sectors to undertake major capital

investment projects (hotel accommodations, public works

infrastructure, transportation links). Because of these two

characteristics, a lack of planning can result in mistakes that

cannot be corrected (or are extremely costly to rectify), and

which the host community will have to endure for many years.
LEGISLATION AND
REGULATION

Legislation, stipulating regulations and terms under which

activities related to tourism take place, is the state's

responsibility. Tourism legislation includes the basic tourism

law. This law typically sets forth the policy for developing

tourism and establishes the functions, structure and sources of

funding of the national tourism organizations (or regional

tourism office).

Various specific regulations are necessary for the protection

and preservation of tourist facilities and the natural, historical,

and cultural, resources of the country.

LEGISLATION AND REGULATION
INCLUDES AND NOT LIMITED TO

Legislation, stipulating regulations and terms under which

activities related to tourism take place, is the state's

responsibility. Tourism legislation includes the basic tourism

law. This law typically sets forth the policy for developing

tourism and establishes the functions, structure and sources of

funding of the national tourism organizations (or regional

tourism office).

Various specific regulations are necessary for the protection

and preservation of tourist facilities and the natural, historical,

and cultural, resources of the country.

SOME COMMON REGULATIONS ON TOURISM

1. Consumer protection laws and rules that require travel

agencies to place their customers, advance booking

deposits in a trust account, to ensure that the money

will be used for the purpose of securing their

reservations.

2. Fire safety laws that mandate the minimum number of

exit and emergency lights on each floor of a hotel, in

case of fire.

3. Health and food safety regulations that require

catering establishments to maintain minimum

standards of safety and sanitation.

SOME COMMON REGULATIONS ON TOURISM

4. Air regulations (air regulations and air services,) in general,

are dependent upon the bilateral agreement between

countries that govern all aspects of air transportation between

them.

In general, regulatory actions arise from a concern for a

tourist destination's environmental and cultural resources. For

example, certain protective regulations restrict activities on or,

access to vulnerable environmental areas. Another type of law

might limit the serving of alcohol or the performance of

certain cultural displays to certain days to minimize negative

effects up on local customs.

FACILITATION OF TOURISM TRAVEL CHECKLIST

DEVELOPMENT Presentations are communication tools that

can be used as lectures.

Governments also facilitate tourism development by providing

ITINERARY TEMPLATE
the necessary infrastructure. In relation to travel and tourism,

infrastructure involves fixed passenger Presentations are communication tools that

transportation

can be used as lectures.

investment, destination services such as power, water,

sewerage, hygiene and health, fixed communication

TRAVEL JOURNAL
investment, and so on.
Presentations are communication tools that

can be used as lectures.

Instantsoar 2020 | Traveling Solo

TOURISM TAXATION TRAVEL CHECKLIST

Presentations are communication tools that

can be used as lectures.

1. Taxes on commercial tourism products.

2. Taxes imposed on consumers in the act of being tourists.

ITINERARY TEMPLATE
3. Taxes on commercial tourism products are example of
Presentations are communication tools that
consumption (sales, value-added or purchase) taxes. This
can be used as lectures.
depends on the price elasticity of demand facing each

producer. Favorite targets of this type of taxation are

TRAVEL JOURNAL
accommodation, meals, car rentals and fuel.
Presentations are communication tools that

can be used as lectures.

Instantsoar 2020 | Traveling Solo

EDUCATION AND TRAINING TRAVEL CHECKLIST

Presentations are communication tools that

Tourism industry employees need to be skilled in can be used

hotel and as lectures.

catering operations, tour and travel agency services, guiding

ITINERARY TEMPLATE
tours, etc. Therefore, education and training are assuming

growing importance for governments Presentations are communication tools that

can be used as lectures.

TRAVEL JOURNAL

Presentations are communication tools that

can be used as lectures.

Instantsoar 2020 | Traveling Solo

MARKETING TRAVEL CHECKLIST

Presentations are communication tools that

Marketing of tourism is essential. Governments become
can be used as lectures.
involved in marketing first because the individual suppliers of

inbound and domestic tourism products are unlikely to be able

ITINERARY TEMPLATE
completely to subordinate competition to cooperative
Presentations are communication tools that
marketing programs and they have a range off different
can be used as lectures.
interests.Secondly, a government may see a potential national

economic benefit nationally from tourism which transcends

TRAVEL JOURNAL

those of private market suppliers. Thirdly, a centralized

Presentations are communication tools that

marketing authority can gain economies of scale in operation.

can be used as lectures.

Instantsoar 2020 | Traveling Solo