I.

GENERAL CHEMISTRY EXAMPLES:

F. STOICHIOMETRY 1.
- examines the quantities of substances
consumed and produced in chemical
reactions
1. Mole Concept
Mole
- amt of matter that contains as many
objects (atoms, molecules, ion,
formula units, etc)
- Chemist’s dozen
2. How many grams are there in 2.25 moles of
- AVOGADRO’S NUMBER
Cu?
- 1 mole of any substance = 6.022
x 1023 number of elementary
entities, ie.
- 1 mol 12C = 6.02 x 1023 C atoms
- 1 mol NO3- = 6.02 x 1023 ions
- Amedeo Avogadro
- 1 mole of an element = atomic mass
(molar mass) with a unit of g/mol
3.
- ie. 1 mol Cu = 6.02 x 1023 Cu atoms =
63.5g molar mass in the periodic
table, thus 1 mol Cu = 63.5g/mol

INTERCONVERTING MASSES AND

MOLES AND NUMBER OF PARTICLES
- MOLAR MASS
- mass in grams of 1 mol (g/mol)
- numerically equal to its formula
weight in atomic mass units
2. MOLAR MASS d.
- mass of a substance per mole
- aka molecular mass, molecular weight,
formula mass, formula weight

Determine Molar Mass of Compounds

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES IS IMPT!!
a. Molar mass of NaBR
1. Determine atomic mass of each
element in the periodic table
Na = 22.99
Br = 79.90
Molar Mass = Summation of
atomic mass of each element
Molar Mass NaBr = 102.9
g/mol
b. Molar mass of C6H12O6
C6 = (12.01 x 6) = 72.06
H12 = (1.00 x 12) = 12.00
O6 = (16.00 x 6) = 96
Molar Mass C6H12O6 = 180.06
g/mol

c.
CONVERSION OF GRAMS TO MOLES AND
MOLES TO GRAMS
(Use Molar Mass)
3. PERCENT COMPOSITION AND EMPIRICAL
FORMULAS
PERCENT COMPOSITION
- Tells how much element is present
in compound
- 1. Determine atomic mass of each
element based on periodic table
- %Composition = mass of the
element of interest / total mass of
the compound X 100
EXAMPLE:
1.

EMPIRICAL FORMULA
- Chemical formula reduced to its
simplest ratio
Molecular Formula
- True formula, Regular formula
- How many atoms of each element
are in a compound

Benzene: MOL F= C6H6 à CH = EMP F.

EXAMPLE:
1. Determine the mass of each compound
2. Multiply by the conversion factor of
1mol/atomic mass
3. Divide each by lowest mole value
STOICHIOMETRY CALCULATIONS

- Calculations based on BALANCED chemical rxn

COMBUSTION ANALYSIS
- Method to determine the elemental
composition (EMPERICAL FORMULA)
of an unknown compound
- Combustion – rxn w/ O2 to form Co2
+ H2O (Complete Combustion)
- CO + H2O (Incomplete Combustion)

EXAMPLE:
1. Calculate no of moles of C, moles of H,
moles of N, moles of O
LIMITING REACTANTS & PERCENT YIELD
Limiting Reactants
- Determine the theoretical amt of
products
Excess Reactants
- Reactants in excess quantity

PERCENT YIELD