STUDENT NAME: GRADE/STRAND AND SECTION

_______________________________________ ______________________________
TEACHER: DATE SUBMITTED:
JAZER B. LEUTERIO ______________________________

PRACTICAL RESEARCH IN DAILY LIFE 1

QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
I. Introductory Concept
Importance in our daily life. As a young researcher, you probably think that research is hard. It’s normal
to think that way. Let’s face it--research is not an easy road but it is one worth taking. In this module you
will learn the characteristics, processes and ethics of research. At this point, you will know how research
is done.
As you work on this module you will encounter unfamiliar words. Look for the meaning of those words
and add it to your vocabulary bank. In the future, you can use these words in your oral and written
communication
In the previous lesson you have learned what research is and its importance in our daily life. As a young
researcher, you probably think that research is hard. It’s normal to think that way. Let’s face it--research is
not an easy road but it is one worth taking.

II. Learning Competencies

After going through this module, you are able and expected to:
1. Describe the characteristics, processes and ethics of research.
III. Activities
Activity 1
Do the following

Directions: Match the words in Column A to its meaning in Column B. Do it on your paper

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 5. Intellectual Creativity-A productive and resourceful investigator always creates new researches.
The Research Process
Research is a process that requires patience and thought. There is no easy way to make certain that
you have exhausted every resource and found the best research. Research is more of an art rather
than a science. Below is a diagrammatic presentation of the steps taken when doing research.

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 Step One: Define the Research Problem
The first step in research process is to develop a research question. This can be a problem that needs to
be solved or some piece of information that is missing about a particular topic. Answering this question
will be the focus of the research study.(Offord Centre for Child Studies, 2017)

Step Two: Review the Literature

The researchers must now learn more about the topic they are investigating. This not only provides
important background information about the issue they are researching., but it also tells them what other
studies have already been conducted, how they were designed, and what those studies found. In
research, you often do not want to repeat old studies, but rather add something new to the field. (Offord
Centre for Child Studies, 2017;Cornell University Library,2016)

Step Three: Formulate the Hypothesis

The hypothesis is a clear statement of what is intended to be investigated. It should be specified before
research is conducted and openly stated in reporting the results.

Step Four: Design Research The research design refers to the overall strategy that you choose to
integrate the different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will
effectively address the research problem; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection,
measurement, and analysis of data

Step Five: Collect Data the collection of data is a critical step in providing the information needed to
answer the research question. Every study includes the collection of some type of data-whether it is
from the literature or from subjects –to answer the research question. (Blankenship, 2010)Depending
on the plan of the research, data can be collected in the form of words on a survey , with a questionnaire,
through observations, or from the literature.(Offord Centre for Child Studies, 2017; Human Kinetics,
2017)

Step Six: Analyze Data Analysis of data plays an important role in the achievement of research aim
and objectives. (Dudovskiy, 2016) Once the data have been collected , these must be analyzed in order
to answer the original research question.

Step Seven: Interpret and Report In this final part, you will have to justify why you think that research
aims and objectives have been achieved. (Dudovskiy, 2016) Profread the paper you have created and
report the results. There are different ways to share the results of your research, among them is by
publication either in print or on the internet. Another is by sending or submitting the research report to
those persons concerned or stakeholders such as policy makers, government officials, company or
business executives, etc. Another way to share the results of your research is through a colloquium
where the researcher presents orally the research report to an audience or to the public.
Ethics of Research

Ethics generally is considered to deal with beliefs about what is right or wrong, proper or improper,
good or bad. According to a dictionary definition (Webster‘s 1968), to be ethical is to conform to
accepted professional practice. Ethics should be applied in all stages of research from planning, to
gathering of data, to the analysis and interpretation and evaluation (oral examination) of the
research. Research ethics provides guidelines for the responsible conduct of research. In addition,
it educates and monitors scientists conducting research to ensure a high ethical standard. The
following is a general summary of some ethical principles:

1. Honesty: Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures, and publication status.
Do not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data.
2. Objectivity: Strive to avoid bias in experimental design, data analysis, data interpretation,
peer review, personnel decisions, grant writing, expert testimony, and other aspects of
research.
3. Integrity: Keep your promises and agreements; act with sincerity; strive for consistency
of thought and action.
4. Carefulness: Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and critically examine your
own work and the work of your peers. Keep good records of research activities.

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 5. Openness: Share data, results, ideas, tools, resources. Be open to criticism and new ideas.
Respect for
6. Intellectual Property: Honor patents, copyrights, and other forms of intellectual property.
Do not use unpublished data, methods, or results without permission. Give credit where
credit is due. Never plagiarize.
7. Confidentiality: Protect confidential communications, such as papers or grants submitted
for publication, personnel records, trade or military secrets, and patient records.
8. Responsible Publication: Publish in order to advance research and scholarship, not to
advance just your own career. Avoid wasteful and duplicative publication.
9. Responsible Mentoring: Help to educate, mentor, and advise students. Promote their
welfare and allow them to.
10. Social Responsibility: Strive to promote social good and prevent or mitigate social harms
through research, public education, and advocacy.
11. Non-Discrimination: Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on the basis of
sex, race, ethnicity, or other factors that are not related to their scientific competence and
integrity.
12. Competence: Maintain and improve your own professional competence and expertise
through lifelong education and learning; take steps to promote competence in science as a
whole.
13. Legality: Know and obey relevant laws and institutional and governmental policies.
14. Animal Care: Show proper respect and care for animals when using them in research. Do
not conduct unnecessary or poorly designed animal experiments.
Human Subjects Protection: When conducting research on human subjects, minimize harms
and risks and maximize benefits; respect human dignity, privacy, and autonomy.

Source: What is Ethics in Research & Why is it Important? U.S. National Institute
of Environmental Health Sciences
Research Misconducts
(a) Fabrication - making up data or results and recording or reporting them.
(b) Falsification - manipulating research materials, or changing or omitting data or results
such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record.
(c) Plagiarism - the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words
without giving appropriate credit.
Research misconduct does not include honest error or differences of opinion. Source:
Definition of Research Misconduct
The Office of Research Integrity, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services The
Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines or R.A. 8293 contains provisions regarding
published works and copyright ownership. The term “published works” means works which,
with the consent of the authors, are made available to the public in such a way that these works
can be sourced from a place and time individually chosen by them.

You can now take another step

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 Activity 2
Do the following

You did it once again!

IV. Rubric for Scoring

Rate yourself in a 1-4 scale based on your understanding of the lesson

covered by encircling the number scale.

SCALE DESCRIPTION
4 I can teach it!
3 I can perform the skills!
2 I understand some of it but have some
questions.
1 I don’t understand.

V. Answer Key
Activity 1 Activity 2

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 VI. Reflection
Complete the following sentence prompts:
I have learned that …
____________________________________________________________________

I wish to ask my teacher about…

____________________________________________________________________

VII. References
Cristobal, A. P. & Cristobal, M. C. D. (2017). Practical research for senior high school. Quezon
City, Manila: C & E Publishing, Inc.
Jerusalem, V. L., Garcia, M. D.R., Palencia, J. M. & Palencia, M. M. (2017).Practical research 1:
Basics of qualitative research. Sampaloc, Manila: Fastbooks.
Matira, M. D.(2016).Practical research for the 21st century learners. Sampaloc, Manila: St.
Augustine Publications, Inc.
Prieto, N. G., Naval, V. C., & Carey, T. G. (2017). Practical research 1. Quezon City, Metro
Manila: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.

Prepared by:

JAZER B. LEUTERIO
Teacher II
Checked/ Validated:
JANICE A. MARTIN
Assistant Principal II
Noted:
JESUS P. DELA PEÑA
Principal IV

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