KATHLENE JOYCE M.

DAHANG
BSMA-2a

The system unit of a computer is a case that houses the many electronic components of the machine
that are responsible for the processing of data. Drive bay(s), power supply, sound card, video card,
processor, and memory are some of the components that can be found inside the system unit of a
desktop personal computer. The processor, which is often referred to as the central processing unit
(CPU), is responsible for interpreting and carrying out the fundamental instructions that are necessary
for the operation of a computer.

A machine cycle is comprised of a set of four fundamental operations that are performed by a
processor. Registers are found within the CPU and serve to temporarily store both data and instructions.
Massively Parallel Processing, sometimes known as MPP for short, is a paradigm for processing in which
hundreds or thousands of processing nodes work in parallel on different aspects of the same computing
task. MPP allows a single job or program to be carried out simultaneously across a network of numerous
processors.

The presence or absence of an electrical charge in a computer circuit serves as the electronic
representation of the value 0 or 1, respectively. A byte is the name given to the collection of eight bits
that function as a single unit. In the world of computers, a single character is denoted as a byte. Memory
consists of electronic components that store data, instructions that are waiting to be executed by the
processor, and the results of processing the data. Instructions are stored in memory while they are
waiting to be processed by the processor. Memory in the system unit can be either volatile or
nonvolatile. These two categories are Volatile Memory and Nonvolatile Memory. Each location in
memory has an address, and memory capacity is measured in kilobytes (KB or K), megabytes (MB),
gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB). The amount of random access memory (RAM) that a computer needs
is frequently dependent on the kinds of software that will be installed on the device. Adapter Cards and
Expansion Slots An expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can take an adapter card.
Adapter cards can expand the functionality of a computer. A component of the system unit can have its
capabilities enhanced by an adapter card, and the card can also enable connections to various
peripheral devices. It functions as both a video card and a sound card. Because Plug and Play enables the
computer to automatically setup adapter cards and other peripherals as they are installed, it is referred
to as "plug and play." Memory cards, USB flash drives, and PC Cards/ExpressCard modules are the
components that make up the removable flash memory.

The many devices that are connected to a computer are able to communicate with one another thanks
to a bus. The PCI bus, the PCI Express bus, the Accelerated Graphics Port, the FireWire bus, and the PC
Card bus are all examples of popular types of extension buses. In order to ensure compatibility with
older hardware, the motherboards of some desktop computers may include PCI expansion slots. Other
types of interface technology, such as USB and PCI Express, are used on modern PCs primarily (PCIe).