0 is the only number that is equal to its opposite: 0 = –0.

If the product of two or more numbers is 0, at least one of the

numbers is 0.

Key Fact A28 Properties of 1

For any number a: 1 × a = a and .
For any integer n: 1n = 1.
1 is a divisor of every integer.
1 is the smallest positive integer.
1 is an odd integer.
1 is the only integer with only one divisor. It is not a prime.

EXERCISES ON BASIC ARITHMETIC CONCEPTS

Multiple-Choice Questions
1. For how many positive integers, a, is it true that a2 ≤ 2a?
(A) None
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) More than 2
2. If 0 < a < b < 1, which of the following is (are) true?
I. a – b is negative.
II. is positive.
III. is positive.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) I, II, and III
3. If a and b are negative, and c is positive, which of the following is
(are) true?
 I. a–b<a–c
II. If a < b, then .
III.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) II and III only
4. At 3:00 A.M. the temperature was 13° below zero. By noon it had
risen to 32°. What was the average hourly increase in temperature?
(A)

(B)

(C) 5°
(D) 7.5°
5. If , what is d in terms of a, b, and c?

(A)
(B) c – a – b
(C) a + b – c
(D) c – ab
6. If p and q are primes greater than 2, which of the following must be
true?
I. p + q is even.
II. pq is odd.
III. p2 – q2 is even.
(A) I only
(B) I and II only
(C) I and III only
(D) I, II, and III
Questions 7 and 8 refer to the following definition.
For any positive integer n, τ(n) represents the number of positive divisors of
n.
7. Which of the following is (are) true?
I. τ(5) = τ(7)
II. τ(5) · τ(7) = τ(35)
III. τ(5) + τ(7) = τ(12)
(A) I only
(B) I and II only
(C) I and III only
(D) I, II, and III
8. What is the value of τ(τ(τ(12)))?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 6

9. Which of the following is equal to (78 × 79)10?

(A) 727
(B) 782
(C) 7170
(D) 49720
10. How many integers are greater than –π and less than
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 6
11. If 0 < x < 1, which of the following lists the numbers in decreasing
order?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Grid-in Questions
12. At Cathy’s Candy Shop, 25.5 pounds of chocolate are being divided
into gift boxes, each containing 100 grams of chocolate. To the
nearest tenth, how many ounces of chocolate will be left over when
there isn’t enough chocolate to fill another whole box? (1 pound = 16
ounces, and 1 pound = 454 grams)

13. Maria has two electronic beepers. One of them beeps every 4
seconds; the other beeps every 9 seconds. If they are turned on at
exactly the same time, how many times during the next hour will both
beepers beep at the same time?
14. If –7 ≤ x ≤ 7 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 12, what is the greatest possible value of y –
x?

15. If x is an integer less than 1000 that has a remainder of 1 when it is

divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, what is one possible value of x?
16. What is the value of 24 ÷ 2–4?

17. What is the value of |(–2 – 3) – (2 – 3)|?

18. What is the greatest prime factor of 132?

19. If the product of four consecutive integers is equal to one of the

integers, what is the largest possible value of one of the integers?
20. If x and y are positive integers, and (13x)y = 1313, what is the average
(arithmetic mean) of x and y?

6-B FRACTIONS AND DECIMALS

 LESSON 5-1 TUNE-UP EXERCISES

Multiple-Choice

1. Which of the following is equal to for all values of b for which the expression is defined?

2. Which expression is equivalent to

3. If 4y + 4y + 4y + 4y = 16x, then y =
(A) 2x − 1
(B) 2x + 1
(C) x−2
(D) x+2

4. If
(A)
(B) 2p 2
(C) 6p 3
(D) 8p 3

5. If 3x = 81 and 2x+y = 64, then =

(A) 1
(B)

(C) 2
(D)
 6. Which of the following is equal to for all values of y for which the expression is defined?

7. Which expression is equivalent to

8. If 10k = 64, what is the value of

(A) 18
(B) 42
(C) 80
(D) 81

9. If x is a positive integer greater than 1, how much greater than

10. The expression is equivalent to

11. If n and p are positive integers such that 8(2p ) = 4n , what is n in terms of p?
12. If k = 3, what is the solution of the equation above?
(A) {4, 12}
(B) {3}
(C) {4}
(D) {12}

13. When x−1 − 1 is divided by x − 1, the quotient is

14. If n is a negative integer, which statement is always true?

(A) 6n −2 < 4n −1
(B) > −6n −1

(C) 6n −1 < 4n −1
(D) 4n −1 > (6n)−1

15. Function g is defined by the equation above. If g (−8) = 375, what is the value of a?
(A) 25
(B) 75
(C) 125
(D) 625

16. If 27x = 9y−1 , then

Grid-In

1. If p > 0 and x = 8 in the equation above, what is the value of p? 19/3

3
2. 8 8

3. If y is not equal to 0, what is the value of 13.5

4. If (2rs)−1 = 3s−2 , what is the value of 0

5. If m and p are positive integers and 10/3

6. If a, b, and c are positive numbers such that = 8c and ac = b, what is the value of c? 2

7. If what is the value of h? 32/3

2.5
8. If 642n+1 = 164n−1 , what is the value of n?

2/3
9. In the equation above, what is the value of x?

10. A meteorologist estimates how long a passing storm will last by using the function where d is the
diameter of the storm, in miles, and t is the time, in hours. If the storm lasts 16.2 minutes, find its diameter, in miles.

0.0625