PHOTOSYNTHESIS

IN HIGHER PLANTS

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01. During photosynthesis
a) Both CO₂ and water get oxidized
b) Both CO₂ and water get reduced
c) Water is reduced and CO₂ is oxidized
d) CO₂ get reduced, water get oxidized
02. Assimilatory power refers to
a) Generation of ATP and NADPH₂
b) Reduction of CO₂
c) Splitting of water
d) Disintegration of plastids
03. Grana refers to
a) Stacks of thylakoids in plastids of higher plants
b) A constant in quantum equation
c) Glycolysis of glucose
d) By product of photosynthesis
04. In the overall process of photosynthesis, the number of CO₂,
water, sugar and O₂ molecules utilized and produced is
a) 12
b) 13
c) 19
d) 31
05. Manganese and chlorine is required in
a) Nucleic acid synthesis
b) Plant cell wall formation
c) Photolysis of water during photosynthesis
d) Chlorophyll synthesis
06. Stroma in the chloroplasts of higher plant contains
a) Light-independent reaction enzymes
b) Light-dependent reaction enzymes
c) Ribosomes
d) Chlorophyll
07. Which pigment of the plant takes part in light reaction of
photosynthesis?
a) Xanthophyll
b) Chlorophyll a
c) Carotene
d) Phycoxanthin
08. Photosynthetic pigments in chloroplast are embedded in
membrane of
a) Thylakoids
b) Photoglobin
c) Matrix
d) Envelope of chloroplast
09. Excitation of chlorophyll due to light is a
a) Photo-oxidation reaction
b) Endergonic reaction
c) Thermochemical reaction
d) Chemical reaction
10. Which statement about photosynthesis is false?
a) The electron carriers involved in photophosphorylation are located
on the thylakoid membranes
b) Photosynthesis is a redox process in which water is oxidized and
carbon dioxide is reduced
c) The enzymes required for carbon fixation are located only in the
grana of chloroplasts.
d) In green plants, both PS-I and PS-II are required for the formation
of NADPH + H⁺
11. Which of the following is photophosphorylation?
a) Production of ATP from ADP by using photons
b) Production of NADP
c) Synthesis of ADP from ATP by dephosphorylation
d) Production of PGA
12. The first acceptor of electrons from an excited chlorophyll
molecule of photosystem II is
a) Cytochrome
b) Iron conjugated protein
c) Ferredoxin
d) Plastoquinone
13. NADPH₂ is generated by getting electrons directly from
a) Glycolysis
b) Photosystem-I
c) Photosystem-II
d) Anaerobic respiration
14. Photolysis of each water molecule in light reaction will yield
a) 2 electrons and 4 protons
b) 4 electrons and 4 protons
c) 4 electrons and 3 protons
d) 2 electrons and 2 protons
15. Which one of the following statements about the events of
noncyclic photophosphorylation is not correct?
a) Only one photosystem participates
b) ATP and NADPH are produced
c) Photolysis of water takes place
d) O₂ is released
16. Photosystem-II occurs in
a) Stroma
b) Grana
c) On surface of mitochondria
d) On cytochrome
17. The source of O₂ liberated in photosynthesis in green plants is
a) Photosynthesis enzyme
b) Carbohydrate present in leaf
c) Water
d) Carbon dioxide
18. The creation of proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane is
a result of
a) Decrease in proton number in stroma
b) Accumulation of protons in the lumen
c) Decrease in the pH in the lumen
d) All of the above
19. Products of cyclic photophosphorylation are
a) NADPH + H⁺
b) ATP
c) Oxygen
d) All of the above
20. P700 is a special form of which pigment
a) Chlorophyll b
b) Carotenes
c) Chlorophyll a
d) Phycobilins
21. Where does the primary photochemical reaction occur in
chloroplast?
a) Stroma
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Thylakoids (Grana)
d) Inner membrane of chloroplast
22. The trapping center of light energy in photosystem-I is
a) P660
b) P680
c) P700
d) P720
23. Pigment system-II is concerned with
a) Photolysis of water
b) Reduction of CO₂
c) Flowering
d) None of the above
24. The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is
a) Absorption of CO₂
b) Absorption of light
c) Absorption of light and photochemical reaction
d) Absorption of water
25. Photophosphorylation is a process in which
a) Light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP
b) NADP is formed
c) Chemical energy is used to produce ATP
d) CO₂ is reduced to carbohydrate
26. Through which of the following substances the photosystem-I
passes an electron to NADP during light reaction?
a) Plastocyanin
b) Plastoquinone
c) Cytochrome
d) Ferredoxin
27. The core metal of chlorophyll is
a) Fe
b) Mg
c) Ni
d) Cu
28. Main pigment involved in transfer of electrons in photosynthesis is
a) Cytochrome
b) Phytochrome
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
29. Splitting of water in photosynthesis is called
a) Dark reaction
b) Electron transfer
c) Photolysis
d) Phototropism
30. In noncyclic photophosphorylation, the pigment molecule first
excited is
a) In PS II - P680
b) In PS II - P700
c) In PS I - Chlorophyll b
d) Both in PS I & PS II - Xanthophyll
31. The reaction center for PS-I and PS-II are
a) P700 and P680 respectively
b) P680 and P700 respectively
c) P580 and P700 respectively
d) P700 and P580 respectively
32. Photo-oxidation of water result in the formation of
a) H⁺, O₂ and ATP
b) H⁺, O₂, e⁻ and ATP
c) H⁺, O₂ and e⁻
d) None of these
33. Photosystem-I contains
a) Chl a, Chl b, carotenoid and P680
b) Chl a, Chl b and P690
c) Chl a and P700
d) Chl a, xanthophyll and P600
34. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) represents the range of
wavelength
a) 340-450 nm
b) 400-700 nm
c) 500-600 nm
d) 450-950 nm
35. In photosystem-I, the first electron acceptor is
a) Plastocyanin
b) An iron-sulphur protein
c) Ferredoxin
d) Cytochrome
36. During non-cyclic photophosphorylation in which of the following,
4e⁻ produced through photolysis of water will enter?
a) PS–II
b) PC
c) PQ
d) PS–I
37. Which of the following does not participate when the light reaction
synthesizes only ATP or performs the cyclic flow of electrons?
a) PS-I
b) PS-II
c) Ferredoxin
d) Plastocyanin
38. The law of limiting factor for photosynthesis was enunciated by
a) Blackman
b) Hill
c) Ruben
d) Kalmen
39. Who received the Nobel Prize for working out the early carbon
pathway of photosynthesis?
a) Calvin
b) Krebs
c) Khorana
d) Watson
40. Which of the following technique was used by Calvin in
determining carbon pathway?
a) Radioactive tracer technique
b) Electrophoresis
c) Spectrophotometery
d) Histochemistry
41. The significance of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis was
discovered by
a) Priestley
b) Ingenhousz
c) Englemann
d) Blackman
42. Who proposed the cycle of events leading to the fixation of CO₂ in
mesophyll and its reduction in bundle sheath?
a) Emerson
b) Melvin Calvin
c) Hatch and Slack
d) Hill and Bendall
43. The scientist who proved that bacteria use H₂S gas and CO₂ to
synthesise carbohydrate is
a) Van Niel
b) Ruben
c) Jean Senebier
d) Julius Robert Mayer
44. Isotopes popularly known to have been used in the study of
photosynthesis are
a) C-14 and O-18
b) C-11 and C-32
c) C-16 and N-15
d) P-32 and C-15
45. Which of the following with respect to early experiments of
photosynthesis is wrongly matched?
a) Joseph Pristley - Showed that plants release O₂
b) Jan Ingenhousz - Showed that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis
c) Julius Sachs - Proved that plants produce glucose when they grow
d) Engelmann - Showed starch is located within special parts in plant
46. The first event in photosynthesis is
a) Synthesis of ATP
b) Photoexcitation of chlorophyll and ejection of electron
c) Photolysis of water
d) Release of oxygen
47. The full expansion of NADP is
a) Nicotinamide adenine diphosphate
b) Nicotinamide adenosine diphosphate
c) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
d) Nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate
48. Suspension of isolated thylakoids in culture medium containing
CO₂ and H₂O does not produce hexose due to absence of which of the
following?
a) ATP
b) Enzymes
c) Proteins
d) Hill reagent
49. Ribulose biphosphate carboxylase is located in
a) Mitochondria
b) Chloroplasts
c) Peroxisomes
d) Golgi bodies
50. The enzyme responsible for primary carboxylation in C₃ plants is
a) Hexokinase
b) Succinic dehydrogenase
c) Pyruvate carboxylase
d) RuBP carboxylase oxygenase
51. For the same amount of CO₂ fixed, a C₄ plant, in comparison with
a C₃ plant, loses
a) Half amount of water
b) Equal amount of water
c) Double amount of water
d) None of these
52. During Calvin cycle the total number of CO₂, ATP and NADPH
molecules utilized and glucose, ADP and NADP molecules generated is
a) 31
b) 36
c) 61
d) 67
53. The initial enzyme of Calvin cycle is
a) Ribulose-1, 5-diphosphate carboxylase
b) Triose phosphate dehydrogenase
c) Phosphopentokinase
d) Cytochrome oxidase
54. During photosynthesis when PGA is changed into
phosphoglyceraldehyde, which of the following reaction occur?
a) Oxidation
b) Reduction
c) Electrolysis
d) Hydrolysis
55. CO₂ acceptor in C₃ plants is
a) Xylulose-5-phosphate
b) 3-phosphoglyceric acid
c) Ribulose-1, 5-biphosphate
d) Phosphoenol pyruvic acid
56. Which of the following is present in Calvin cycle?
a) Photophosphorylation
b) Oxidative carboxylation
c) Reductive carboxylation
d) Oxidative phosphorylation
57. Number of times carboxylation occurs in Calvin cycle is
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
58. Which of the following is a C₄ plant?
a) Sorghum
b) Sugarcane
c) Maize
d) All of these
59. Photorespiration is characteristic of
a) CAM Plants
b) C₃ Plants
c) C₄ Plants
d) None of the above
60. Which of the following is CO₂ acceptor in C₄ plants?
a) Phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
b) Ribulose-1, 5-diphosphate (RuDP)
c) Oxaloacetic acid (OAA)
d) Phosphoglyceric acid (PGA)
61. Which of the following cycle shows oxaloacetic acid as first stable
product?
a) Calvin cycle
b) Hatch and Slack cycle (C₄)
c) C₂ cycle
d) None of the above
62. Kranz type of anatomy is found in
a) C₂ plants
b) C₃ plants
c) C₄ plants
d) CAM plants
63. In the leaves of C₄ plants, malic acid formation during CO₂ fixation
occurs in the cells of
a) Mesophyll
b) Bundle Sheath
c) Phloem
d) Epidermis
64. Photosynthesis in C₄ plants is relatively less limited by
atmospheric CO₂ levels because
a) Four carbon acids are the primary initial CO₂ fixation products
b) The primary fixation of CO₂ is mediated via PEP carboxylase
c) Effective pumping of CO₂ into bundle sheath cells
d) Rubisco in C₄ plants has higher affinity for CO₂
65. If the rate of translocation of food is slow, what will be the effect
on photosynthesis?
a) It will increase
b) It will remain same
c) Become double
d) It will decrease
66. The first carbon fixation in C₄ pathway occurs in chloroplasts of
a) Guard cells
b) Mesophyll cells
c) Bundle sheath cells
d) Epidermal cells
67. Chemosynthetic bacteria obtain energy from
a) Sun
b) Infra red rays
c) Organic substances
d) Inorganic chemicals
68. Energy required for ATP synthesis in PSII comes from
a) Proton gradient
b) Electron gradient
c) Reduction of glucose
d) Oxidation of glucose
69. During light reaction in photosynthesis the following are formed.
a) ATP and sugar
b) Hydrogen, O₂ and sugar
c) ATP, hydrogen and O₂
d) ATP, hydrogen and O₂ donor
70. Splitting of water is associated with
a) Photosystem I
b) Lumen of thylakoid
c) Both Photosystem I and II
d) Inner surface of thylakoid membrane
71. The correct sequence of flow of electrons in the light reaction is
a) PSII, plastoquinone, cytochromes, PSI, ferredoxin
b) PSI, plastoquinone, cytochromes, PSII, ferredoxin
c) PSI, ferredoxin, PSII, cytochromes
d) PSI, plastoquinone, cytochromes, PSII, ferredoxin
72. The enzyme that is not found in a C₃ plant is
a) RuBP carboxylase
b) PEP carboxylase
c) NADP reductase
d) ATP synthase
73. The reaction that is responsible for the primary fixation of CO₂ is
catalysed by
a) RuBP carboxylase
b) PEP carboxylase
c) RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase
d) PGA synthase
74. When CO₂ is added to PEP, the first stable product synthesised is
a) Pyruvate
b) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
c) Phosphoglycerate
d) Oxaloacetate
75. Identify A, B and C in the given figure.

A
B
C
a) A - Grana, B - Thylakoid, C - Stroma
b) A - Grana, B - Stroma, C - Starch granule
c) A - Grana, B - Stroma, C - Mitochondria
d) A - Grana, B - Peroxisome, C - Stroma
76. In photosynthesis, plants
a) Absorb O₂ and release CO₂
b) Absorb CO₂ and release O₂
c) Absorb NH₃ and release N₂
d) Absorb N₂ and release NH₃
77. In photosynthesis, energy from light reaction to dark reaction is
transferred in the form of
a) ADP
b) ATP
c) RuDP
d) Chlorophyll
78. The synthesis of ATP in photosynthesis and respiration is essentially
an oxidation-reduction process involving removal of energy from
a) Oxygen
b) Phytochrome
c) Cytochrome
d) Electrons
79. Chemosynthesis and photosynthesis are alike in that both
a) are associated with heterotroph
b) require sunlight as an energy source
c) are methods of autotrophic nutrition
d) occur in tracheophytes
80. The most vital process for the existence of life on earth is
a) Communication in animals
b) Photosynthesis by plants
c) Reproduction in plants and animals
d) Respiration in animals
81. How many molecules of water are needed by a green plant to
produce one molecule of hexose?
a) 9
b) 12
c) 24
d) One only
82. Solar energy is converted into chemical energy in the presence of
a) Mitochondria
b) Chloroplasts
c) Ribosomes
d) Peroxisomes
83. Two plants A and B are supplied H₂O and CO₂ with H₂O¹⁸ and
CO₂¹⁸ respectively. Which of the following plant releases O¹⁸ type
oxygen in photosynthesis?
a) A plant
b) B plant
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) First (a) and then (b)
84. Which of the followinf is formed durinf Z scheme of
photosynthesis?
a) STP
b) O₂
c) NADPH₂
85. Select the incorrect pair.
a) 2-carbon compound - Aspartic acid
b) 3-carbon compound - PGA
c) 4-carbon compound - Malic acid
d) 5-carbon compound - RuBP
86. Identify the correct sequence of stages of Calvin cycle.
a) Reduction → Carboxylation → Regeneration
b) Carboxylation → Regeneration → Reduction
c) Carboxylation → Reduction → Regeneration
d) Reduction → Regeneration → Carboxylation
87. How many ATP and NADH₂ are produced in the process of
photophosphorylation respectively?
a) 2 and 4
b) 1 and 2
c) 4 and 6
d) 0 and 0
88. The factor that is not limiting in normal conditions for
photosynthesis is
a) water
b) chlorophyll
c) light
d) CO₂
89. Breakdown of proton gradient developed during chemiosmosis
leads to the release of
a) oxygen
b) water
c) energy
d) protons
90. Quality of light refers to
a) intensity of light
b) frequency of light
c) wavelength of light
d) duration of light
 ANSWERS

01. D 11. A 21. C 31. A 41. B 51. A 61. B 71. A 81. B

02. A 12. D 22. C 32. C 42. C 52. D 62. C 72. B 82. B
03. A 13. B 23. A 33. C 43. A 53. A 63. A 73. C 83. A
04. D 14. D 24. C 34. B 44. A 54. B 64. B 74. D 84. D
05. C 15. A 25. A 35. B 45. D 55. C 65. D 75. B 85. A
06. A 16. B 26. D 36. A 46. B 56. C 66. B 76. B 86. C
07. B 17. C 27. B 37. B 47. C 57. B 67. D 77. B 87. D
08. A 18. D 28. A 38. A 48. B 58. D 68. A 78. D 88. B
09. A 19. B 29. C 39. A 49. B 59. B 69. C 79. C 89. C
10. C 20. C 30. A 40. A 50. D 60. A 70. D 80. B 90. C