BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR

Nouns
Lecturer : Abdul kadir Ismail S.Pd,M.Hum

Composed by the first group

1. SucitraRusli (191042013)
2. YuldamayantiAmali (191042010)
3. Putri Wanda Kai (191042016)
4. Ahmad AgusPangestu (1911042066)

State Islamic Religion of Sultan AmaiGorontalo

Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculties
English Education Department
2020
A. NOUNS
Noun is a work that functions as the name of some specific thing or set
things,such as living creaturs,objects,places,actions,qualities,states of
existence,or ideas. Nouns are dividied into common nouns,proper nouns,
singular nouns,plural nouns,collective nouns,masculine and feminine nouns.

1. Common Nouns
Common Nouns is the generic name for a people, animals, places, or things..
a. These are words for people. They are common nouns.

- Actor - Lawyer - Nurse - Dentist

- Nurse - Judge - Dentist - Clown
- Teacher - Doctor - Singer - Acrobat
- Architect - Waitress - Soldier - Baby
- Secretary - Man - Giat - Cook
b. These are words for Animals

- Snakes - Lion - Rabbit - Tiger - Bear - Dog

- Chicken - Cat - Butterfly - Horse - Elephant - Goat
- Mouse - Giraffe - Monkey - Turtle - Cow - Donkey
- Crocodile - Frog - Bird - Chameleon- Fish

c. These are words for places

- Hill - Mountain - Waterfall - Forest - Garden - Scool

- Beach - office - Zoo - Lake - Sea - Restaurant
- River - Hotel - Shop - Park - Airport - Market
- Church -Farm - Hill - House - Island - Mall
d. These are words for things

These are words for things:

- Television - Handphone - Laptoop - Camera - Playstation

- Radio - Airconditioner - Computer - cloock - Watch
- Basket - Drum - Cake - Blankeet - Bag
- Picture - Cot - Box - Bread - Kite
- Cup - Window - Truck - Desk - Door
2. Proper Nouns
Proper Nouns are names for particular people, places, or things.
a. Particular People

These are some more names of people

- Bill gates - Oprah Winfrey - Colonel Sanders - J.K Rowling

- Stephen King - Albert Einstei - Henry Ford - Thomas Alfa Edisson
- Walt Disney - Sir James Dyson - Pangestu - Sucitra
- Windy - Amali - Ali Baba - Omar

b. The names of cuntries and their people

Country People Country People

 America Americans Korea Koreans
Egypt Egiptians Malaysia Malaysians
India Indians Pakistan Pakistanis
Italy Italians France The French
Japan The Japanese Thailand Thais

c. The names of Towns, Cities, Buildings and Landmark

- Bangkok - New Delhi -The Grand Canyon
- London - Denver - The Leaning Tower Of pisa
- New York - Central Park - Brooklyn Bridge
- Paris - The Eiffel Tower - Pike’s Peak
- Beijing - Big Ben - Tokyo
- Hongkong - Egypt - Sydney
- The Statue of Liberty
d. The days of the week and months of the year

Days:
Months:

Sunday
Monday January

Tuesday February

Wednesday March

Thursday April

Friday May

Saturday June
July
August
September
October
November
December

e. The names of Mountains, Seas, Rivers, and Lakes

- Lake Michigan - The Himalayas - The Thames

- The Alps - The Pacific Ocean - Mount Puji
- The Dead Sea - The Yellow River - Niagara Fals
The names of festival, some special events and holidays

- Christmas - April Fool’s Day

- Memorial day - Thanksgiving Day
- Labor Day - Independence Day
- St. Patrick’s Day - New Years Day
- Holloween - Valentine’s Day
3. Singular Nouns
Singular is a noun that is singular or consists of only one.

Use a and an before using the word in the Singular Noun.

a. Use a
Use a if the word to follow start with a consonant sound.
Example:
- a blanket in my bed
- a potato
- a tomato
- a piano
- a dog
- a cat
b. Use an
Usean if the word to follow start with a vowel sound.
Example:
- an action!
- I have anaple on my table.
- There is an umbrella in my Home.
4. Plurals Noun
Plura l Is a plural word or thing that is mentioned more than one.

a. To most singular nouns, add s to form the plural.

Example:

- Book ----Books
- Boot ----Boots
- Desk ----Desks

b. W hen the singular form end in s,sh,ch,x or z, add es.

Example:

- Glass -----Glasses
- Bush ------Bushes
- Coach ----Coaches

c. When a singular noun ends in o, add s to make it plural.

Example:
- Studio ----Studios
- Photo ----Photos
- Eskimo ----eskimos
- Piano ----Pianos
 For a few words ending o, preceded by a consonant , add es
Example:

- Potato ----Potatoes
- Sho ----Shoes
- Hero ----Heroes
- Cargo ----Cargoes

Did you know?

With some nouns that end in –o, you can add aither–s or –estp form
the plural.

Singular Plural Plural

a mango manggoes menggos
a mm osquito mosquiotoes mosquitos
a zero Zeroes zeros
a buffalo buffaloes buffalos

d. When the singular noun ends in y with consonant before it, change the y
to I and add es.
Example:
- City ----Cities
- Lady ----Ladies
- Baby ----Babies
- Country ----Countries

If the y is praceded by a vowel (a,i,u,e,o), do not change the y to I, simply

add s.

Example:
- Toy ----Toys
- Boy ----Boys
- Day ----Days

e. When the noun ends in f, simply add s:

 Example:
- Belief ----Beliefs
- Chief ----Chiefs
- Dwarf ----Dwarfs

There some noun if the ends in fe, change the f to v and add s.
Example:
- Knife ----Knives
- Wife ----Wives

Some plural nouns don’t follow the –s rule. They don’t end in –s, -es, -ies, or –
ves. Instead , tho word changes form.

Singular Plural
Mouse Mice
Goose Geese
Child Children
Man Men
Tooth Oxen
Ox Teeth
Woman Women
Fo ot Feet

Some plural nouns are the same as the singular noun.

Singular plural
Sheep Sheep
Reindeer Reindeer
Fish Fish
Deer Deer
Bison Bison
Some nouns are always plural.
Binoculars stockings
Goggles Slippers
Pliers Sneakers
Jeans Scissors
Spectacles Sandals
P ants Trousers
Pajamas Shorts
Did you know?

You can make these plural nouns singular by using a pair of.

Example:

-a pair of binoculars

-a pair of spectacles

-a pair of goggles

-a pairof jeans

-a pair of jeans

-a pair of shorts

5. Collective Nouns
Collective nouns are worlds for groups of animals, people or thing.
Did you know?
Many collective nouns can be used with a singular or plural verb.
 .

a.Collective Nouns for People

- An Army of Soldiers - A Company of Actor - A Crowd of People

- An Audiences - A Class of Stude nts - A Dinasty of Kings

- A Band of Musician - A Crew of Sailor - A Gang of Prisoner

- A Host of Angel - A Patrol of Policeman - A Staff of Employee

b. Collective Nouns for Animals

- And Army of Ants - A Brood of Chickens - A Kindle of Kittens

- A tribe of Goats - A Cloud of Insects - A Stud of Horses

- A Troop of Lions - A Pack of Wolves - A Team of Oxen

- A Nest of Mice - A Hive of Bees - A Zoo of Anima

c. Collective Nouns of Things

- An Album of Photographs - A Batch of Bread - A Bowl of Rice

- A Bale of Cotton - A Battery of Guns - A Bundle of Sticks

- A Basket of Fruits - A Block of Flats - A Stack of Wood

6. Masculine and Feminine Nouns

Masculine Feminine

- Father - Mother
- Son - Daughter
- Brother - Sister
- Uncle - Aunt
- Host - Hostess
- Actor - Actress
- Man - Women
 a. Masculine and Feminine Nouns for animals :

Animals Male Female

- Lion - Lion - Lioness

- Tiger - Tiger - Tigress
- Cattle - Bull - Cow
- Goose - Gander - Goose
- Duck - Drake - Duck
- Fox - Fox - Vixen
- Pig - Boar - Sow
- Horse - Stallion - Mare
- Deer - Buck - Doe
- Sheep - Ram - Ewe

b. Common Gender Noun

Many nouns are used for both males and females. They are called common
gender.

- Babies
- Parents
- Lawyers
- Pupils
- Singers
- Teacher
- Dancers
- Doctors
- Friend
 Reference

Learning Basic Grammar,Book 2(with Easypeacelearning.com.)

Grammar Success 1.Pdf

Maas R. Shobirin.2008.Basic English Grammar.KDT.

Sargeant Howard.2007.Basic English Grammar

Justin1103.Basic Grammar.vol 2

SajidMuhammad.English Grammar and composition.

Y.H.Mew.AnneSeaton.Basic English Grammar.saddleback