Department of Public Policy

MA in Public Policy and Management

POL5401 Values and Choices in Public Policy (Semester A 2018/19)

(Tue 1900-2150, LI-1511)

Course Leader and Lecturer: Ruiping FAN, Chair Professor

Email: safan@cityu.edu.hk

Tutors: YEUNG Ting-Fai (for Class A): t.fai2012@gmail.com.

XIE Wenye (for class B): wenyexie2-c@my.cityu.edu.hk

I. Course Aims:
This course aims to develop students’ conceptual skills to analyse and to evaluate the
contexts, processes, rationales and ethical basis of public policy formulation in
contemporary society. It introduces to students different value perspectives for evaluating
the normative basis and functions of public policy in an age of pluralism and diversity.

II. Course Objectives:

1. To examine the role of the State and to acquire conceptual tools for analyzing the
rationales, processes, and contexts of public policy.

2. To develop a critical understanding of the different value systems which are relevant
to contemporary public policy formulation and evaluation.

3. To foster analytical thinking and critical judgment regarding the normative basis of
public policy and its role and function in contemporary society.

The specific objectives are:

 To explain the rationale and context of the study of public policy

 To analyse the relationship between the state, society and public policy
 To assess policy capacity in Hong Kong
 To discuss the concept of globalization and its consequences for public policy
 To analyse the relationship between values and the normative basis of public policy
 To explain, compare and evaluate different moral principles and ethical theories in
shaping public policy and service delivery
 To relate theories and concepts to assess public policy making in Hong Kong

Course Intended Learning Outcomes (CILOs)

(CILOs state what the student is expected to be able to do at the end of the course
according to a given standard of performance.)

No. CILOs# Weighting* Discovery-

(if enriched
applicable) curriculum
related learning

1
 outcomes
(please tick
where
appropriate)
A1 A2 A
3
1. detect the scope, the rationale and the functions of public √ √
policy and policy analysis, and define the concept of
rationality as used in public policy-making
2. examine the major theories of the state: liberalism, √
socialism, communitarianism, perfectionism, pluralism,
corporatism, elitism, Marxism, institutionalism (historical
and rational choice), and public choice; and analyse the
relationship between the state, society and its implications
for public policy
3. assess the implications of globalization for public policy in √ √
the areas of immigration, citizenship, and multiculturalism
4. analyse the normative basis of public policy √
5. examine and compare the major moral principles and √ √
ethical theories shaping public policy
6. apply these moral principles and ethical theories to analyse √
and assess public policy in Hong Kong
* If weighting is assigned to CILOs, they should add up to 100%. 100%
#
Please specify the alignment of CILOs to the Gateway Education Programme Intended Learning
outcomes (PILOs) in Section A of Annex.

A1: Attitude
Develop an attitude of discovery/innovation/creativity, as demonstrated by students possessing a
strong sense of curiosity, asking questions actively, challenging assumptions or engaging in
inquiry together with teachers.
A2: Ability
Develop the ability/skill needed to discover/innovate/create, as demonstrated by students
possessing critical thinking skills to assess ideas, acquiring research skills, synthesizing
knowledge across disciplines or applying academic knowledge to self-life problems.
A3: Accomplishments
Demonstrate accomplishment of discovery/innovation/creativity through producing /constructing
creative works/new artefacts, effective solutions to real-life problems or new processes.

3. Teaching and Learning Activities (TLAs)

(TLAs designed to facilitate students’ achievement of the CILOs.)

TLA Brief Description CILO No. Hours/week

1 2 3 4 5 6 (if
applicable)
Lectures √ √ √ √ √ √
Seminars √ √ √
Group discussions and √ √ √
presentations
Individual essays √ √

4. Assessment Tasks/Activities (ATs)

(ATs are designed to assess how well the students achieve the CILOs.)

Assessment Tasks/Activities CILO No. Weighting Remarks

1 2 3 4 5 6 *
Continuous Assessment: 100%
Quiz √ √ √ 40%

2
 Group presentation √ √ √ 20%

Attendance √ √ √ 10%
Individual essay √ √ 30%
* The weightings should add up to 100%. 100%

III. Lecture Schedule:

Required readings are marked with an asterisk (*)

Lecture Week 1 (Sep 4, TUE)

Introduction

Lecture Week 2 (Sep 11, TUE)

Utilitarianism and the Principle of Utility

 What are the core ideas of utilitarianism?

 What are the justifications for an ethics of utility, i.e. the maximization of the
general welfare?
 What are some of the moral objections to utilitarianism from liberty and justice?
 Why is an ethics of utility important for public policy?

Readings
* Bentham, Jeremy (1998), ‘Classical hedonism’, in Louis P. Pojman (ed.), Ethical Theory:
Classical and Contemporary Readings (New York: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 3rd
edition, pp. 149-151.

* Mill, John Stuart (2004), ‘Utilitarianism,’ in O. A. Johnson and A. Reath (eds.), Ethics:
Selections from Classical and Contemporary Writers (Belmont: Wadsworth, 9th edition),
pp. 238-252.

* Mackinnon, Barbara (2004), ‘Utilitarianism’, in Ethics: Theory and Contemporary

Issues, Wadsworth, Chapter 4 (tutorial 1)

* Hospers, John (1996), ‘The ethics of utility’, Human Conduct: Problems of Ethics (New
York: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 2nd edition, pp. 137-164.

* Rachel, James (1999), ‘The debate over utilitarianism’, The Elements of Moral
Philosophy (Boston: McGraw-Hill), 3rd edition, pp.107-121 (tutorial 1)

* Williams, Bernard (1998), ‘Against utilitarianism’, in Louis P. Pojman (ed.), Ethical

Theory: Classical and Contemporary Readings (New York: Wadsworth Publishing
Company, 3rd edition), pp. 226-235.

Lecture Week 3 (Sep 18, TUE)

Classical Liberalism and Libertarianism: Liberty and Rights

 How to understand the nature, meaning and value of “rights”?

 What is the relationship between legal rights, moral rights and human rights?

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  What are positive rights and negative rights?
 What is the difference between fundamental rights and derivative rights?
 When is the limitation of individual rights justified or unjustified?

Readings
* Tännsjö, Torbjörn (2002), ‘Moral Rights’, Understanding Ethics: An Introduction to
Moral Theory, Edinburgh University Press Ltd, pp. 74-90 (tutorial 2)

* Bowie, Norman (1998), ‘Human Rights: Meaning and Justification’, in The Individual
and the Political Order, 3rd ed., (Lanham: Rowan & Littlefield Publishers, chapter 3
(tutorial 5)

* Wolff, Jonathan (1996), ‘The Place of Liberty’, in An Introduction to Political

Philosophy, OPUS, pp.115-146 (tutorial 2)

* Mill, John Stuart (1997), ‘Freedom of Thought and Discussion’, in Ethics in Practice: An
Anthology, Hugh Lafollette (ed.). Blackwell Publishers, pp 329-337 (tutorial 2)

* Feinberg, Joel (1970), ‘The Nature and Value of Rights’, in Journal of Value Inquiry,
Vol.4, 243-60 (tutorial 2)

* Lee, Seung-hwan (1996), ‘Liberal rights or/and Confucian virtues?’, in Philosophy East
& West 46, no.3(July 1996):367, Academic Search Premier, EBSCO host (accessed
August 3, 2012) (tutorials 2, 6 & 7)

* Gutmann, Amy (1999), ‘States and Education’ in Democratic Education, New Jersey:
Princeton University Press, pp.19-4

* Fairbrother, Gregory P. (2003), ‘Student Resistance to the Hegemonic Efforts of the State
to Influence Their Attitudes toward the Nation’, in Toward Critical Patriotism: Student
Resistance to Political Education in Hong Kong and China, Hong Kong University Press,
pp.161 – 182

* MacIntyre, Alasdair (1994), ‘Is Patriotism a Virtue?’, in Communitarianism: A new

Public Ethics, ed. Daly, Markate, Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company, pp.307-318

* Altman, Andrew (2005), ‘The Right to Get turned On: Pornography, Autonomy,
Equality’, in Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics, ed. Cohn, Andrew I. and
Wellman, Christopher Heath (Blackwell Publishing, 2005), pp.223-235 (tutorial 4)

* Brison, Susan J. (2005), ‘“The Price We Pay”? Pornography and Harm’, in

Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics, ed. Cohn, Andrew I. and Wellman, Christopher
Heath (Blackwell Publishing, 2005), pp.236-250 (tutorial 4)

Week 4 (Sep 25): Day following Mid-Autumn Festival (no class)

Lecture Week 5 (Oct 2, TUE)

Egalitarian Liberalism and Redistributive Justice

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  Why should a liberal society be concerned with equality and justice?
 How does John Rawls argue for redistributive justice in his Two Principles of
Justice?
 What is the libertarian liberals’ objection to Rawls’ Theory of Justice?
 What are Robert Nozick’s moral justifications for a “minimal state,” the free
market and libertarian rights instead of re-distribution?
 Is re-distribution ethically wrong because it undermines liberty and autonomy?

Readings
* Rawls, John, A Contractarian Theory of Justice’, in Ethics and Public Policy: an
Introduction to Ethics, Tom Beauchamp and Terry Pinkard (eds.), Englewood Cliffs,
New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, pp.148-158. (tutorial 1)

* Bowie, Norman and Simon, Robert (1998), ‘Justice’, in The Individual and the Political
Order: An Introduction to Social and Political Philosophy, 3rd edition, Rowan and
Littlefield Publishers, Chapter 4 (tutorials 1&3)

* Swift, Adam (2001), ‘Equality’, Political Philosophy: A Beginners’ Guide for Students
and Politicians, Polity Press, UK, Part 3, pp. 98-106

* Nozick, Robert (1973), Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Basil Blackwell, ch.3. (tutorials 1& 3)

* Wolff, Jonathan (2005), ‘Robert Nozick, Libertarianism, and Utopia’,

<http://world.std.com/~mhuben/wolff_2.html (tutorials l &3)

* Graham, Gordon (1988), ‘Health Care Provisions’, in Contemporary Social Philosophy,

Basil Blackwell, pp. 99-120

* Wolff, Jonathan (2011), ‘The Free Market’, in Ethics and Public Policy: A Philosophical
Inquiry, Oxon: Routledge, pp.170-190 (tutorial 1)

Lee, James (2012), ‘Housing Policy at a Crossroad? Re-examining the role of the Hong
Kong government in the context of a volatile housing market”, in Repositioning the Hong
Kong Government: Social Foundations and Political Challenges, Chiu, S., & Wong, S.L.
(eds), Hong Kong: HKU Press, pp.165-186

Lecture Week 6 (Oct 9, TUE)

Communitarianism and the Priority of the Good Life

 How do communitarians criticize liberalism for its “individualism” and

atomism?
 What is the communitarian understanding of the nature of the “self”, the “good
life” and “the role of the state”?
 Why do communitarians consider “community” and “tradition” to be important
values for public policy?
 Is legal moralism or paternalism in public policy ever justified?

Readings:

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* Swift, Adam (2001), ‘Community’, in Political Philosophy – A Beginners’ Guide for
Students and Politicians, Polity Press, pp.133-155 (tutorial 5)

* Sandel, Michael J (1991), ‘Morality and the Liberal Ideal’, in Justice and Economic
Distribution, John ArTUEr and William H. Shaw (eds.) ( 2nd edition, Englewood Cliffs,
New Jersey: Prentice Hall, pp 242-249 (tutorial 5)

MacIntyre, Alasdair (1991), ‘Virtues, The Unity of Life and The Liberal Tradition’, in
Justice and Economic Distribution, John Arthur and William H. Shaw (eds.) 2nd edition,
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, pp 250-262

* Walzer, Michael (1996), ‘The Communitarian Critique of Liberalism’, reprinted in

Amitai Etzioni (ed), New Communitarian Thinking: Persons, Virtues, Institutions, and
Communities, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia (tutorial 5)

* Walzer, Michael (2003), ‘The Distribution of Membership’, in Morality and Public

Policy, ed. Cahn, Steven M. and Kasachkoff, Tziporah (Prentice Hall, 2003), pp.234-256
(tutorial 5).

* Carens, Joseph H. (2003), ‘Migration and Morality: A Liberal Egalitarian Perspective’, in

Morality and Public Policy, ed. Cahn, Steven M. and Kasachkoff, Tziporah (Prentice
Hall, 2003), pp.257-280 (tutorial 5)

Christman, John (2002), ‘Conservatism, Communitarianism, and the Social Conception

of the Self’, in Social and Political Philosophy: a contemporary introduction, London:
Routledge, pp.125-151

Lecture Week 7 (Oct 16, TUE)

Feminist Justice and Feminist Care

 What is the feminist critique of liberal justice?

 Why do feminists argue that the Personal is Political”?
 What is meant by the feminist ethics of care?
 Which is more important for gender equality: feminist justice or feminist care?

Readings
Tännsjö, Torbjörn (2002). ‘Feminist Ethics’, Understanding Ethics: An Introduction to
Moral Theory, Edinburgh University Press Ltd, pp.106-120

* Held, Virginia (1993), Feminist Morality: Transforming Culture, Society, and Politics,
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, chapters 7 & 8, pp.138-173

* Barbara Herman (1999), ‘Kant on Sex and Marriage’, in Morals, Marriage, and
Parenthood: An Introduction to Family Ethics, ed. Laurence D. Houlgate (Wadsworth
Publishing Company, 1999), pp.66-70. (tutorial 4)

* Longino, Helen E. (2003), ‘Pornography, Oppression, and Freedon: A Closer Look’ in

Morality and Public Policy, ed. Cahn, Steven M. and Kasachkoff, Tziporah (Prentice
Hall, 2003), pp.66-78. (tutorial 4)

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* Feinberg, Joel (2003), ‘The Feminist Case against Pornography’, in Morality and Public
Policy, ed. Cahn, Steven M. and Kasachkoff, Tziporah (Prentice Hall, 2003), pp.79-9.
(tutorial 4)

* MacKinnon, Catharine (2004), ‘Pornography, Civil Rights, and Speech’, in Morality in

Practice, ed. Sterba, James P. (7th edition, Wadsworth, Thomson Learning, Inc., 2004),
pp.372-382 (tutorial 4)

* Okin, Susan (2004), ‘Justice and Gender’, in Morality in Practice, ed. Sterba, James P.
(7th edition, Wadsworth, Thomson Learning, Inc., 2004), pp.217-228 (tutorial 4)

Sommers, Christina Hoff (2004), ‘Philosophers against the Family’, in Morality in

Practice, ed. Sterba, James P. (7th edition, Wadsworth, Thomson Learning, Inc., 2004),
pp.234-239

Friedman, Marilyn (2004), ‘They Lived Happily Ever After: Sommers on Women and
Marriage’, in Morality in Practice, ed. Sterba, James P. (7th edition, Wadsworth,
Thomson Learning, Inc., 2004), pp.240-247

Lecture Week 8 (Oct 23, TUE)

Filial Piety (xiao) and Differentiated Love in Confucian Tradition

 How is Confucian virtue-based ethics different from a rights-based or utility-based

ethics?
 Is the virtue of filial piety relevant to the modern ways of life?
 What is the significance of the Confucian conception of “humane government” for
public policy and governance in the modern world?

* Jane English, ‘What Do Grown Children Owe Their Parents?’ in Having Children:
Philosophical and Legal Reflections on Parenthood (Oxford University Press, 1979).
(tutorial 7)

* Qingjie Wang, ‘The Confucian Filial Obligation and Care for Aged Parents’, in
Confucian Bioethics, ed. Ruiping Fan (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999), pp.235-256.
(tutorial 7)

* Ivanhoe, PJ. (2007) ‘Filial Piety as a Virtue,’ in Working Virtue Ethics and
Contemporary Moral Problem, Rebecca L.Walker and Philip J. Ivanhoe (eds),
Clarendon: Oxford University Press (tutorial 7)

* Chan, Joseph (1999), ‘A Confucian Perspective on Human Rights for Contemporary

China ,’ in The East Asian Challenge for Human Rights, Joanne R. Bauer and Daniel A.
Bell (eds), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp.212-237 (tutorials 6 & 7)

* Lee, Seung-hwan (1996), ‘Liberal rights or/and Confucian virtues?’, in Philosophy East
& West 46, no.3(July 1996):367, Academic Search Premier, EBSCO host (accessed
August 3, 2012) (tutorials 2, 6 & 7)

Lecture Week 9 ((Oct 30, TUE): Reading Week (no class)

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Lecture Week 10 (Nov 6, TUE)
Harmony (he) as a Moral Ideal in Confucian Philosophy

 How to understand the core concept of he in classical Confucian philosophy?

 What is meant by renzheng (ren or humane government)?
 Is the “rule of law” compatible with the “rule of virtue” in Confucian benevolent
government”?

Readings
Liu, Honghe (2001), ‘The Core Value of Confucian Political Thought’, Confucianism in
the Eyes of a Confucian Liberal (Peter Lang Publishing, Inc.), pp. 51-97

* Chenyang Li (2006), ‘Confucian Ideal of Harmony’, in Philosophy: East and West, 56:4,
pp 583-603. (tutorial 6)

* Kam Por, Yu (2010), ‘The Confucian Conception of Harmony, in Governance for

Harmony in Asia and Beyond, Julia Tao et al. (eds), Routledge, 15-36. (tutorial 6)

Ni, Peimin (2002), On Confucianism , Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, chapters 3,4,5

* Friedman, M., May L., Parsons K. and Stiff J. (eds) (2000). ‘Rights and the Presumption
of Care’, in Rights and Reason – Essays in Honor of Carl Wellman, Kluwer Academic
Publishers, pp.65-78 (tutorials 6 & 7)

Week 11 (Nov 13, TUE): Quiz

Presentation Week 12 (Nov 20): topics 1-3

Class A (tutor: YEUNG Ting Fai): Classroom: LI-1511

Class B (tutor: XIE Wenye): Classroom LI-1306

Presentation Week 13 (Nov 27): topics 4-6/7

Class A (tutor: YEUNG Ting Fai): Classroom: LI-1511

Class B (tutor: XIE Wenye): Classroom LI-1306

Assessment
1. Attendance 10%
2. Quiz 40%
2. Group Presentation 20%
3 Individual Essay (2000 - 2500 words) 30%

1) Attendance (for lectures and tutorial meetings): please see the following table for a
detailed assessment scale:

8
10 points 0 absence
8 points 1 absence
6 points 2 absences
4 points 3 absences
2 points 4 absences
0 point 5 absences or more

2) Quiz: a closed-book quiz for 1.5 hours, covering primarily short-answer/essay questions.
No make-up quiz will be arranged for any student missing the quiz unless for a very special
occasion (such as an urgent medical need with the doctor’s formal certificate provided).

3) Group presentations: We will divide into two tutorial classes, A and B. Each class
forms six small groups, with each group having 4-5 students. In the two
tutorial meetings, each small group delivers a presentation on one of the
following 7 topics for 35-40 minutes, plus 15 minutes Q&A as well as for the
tutor’s comments and suggestions.
1. From a Utilitarian moral point of view, should Hong Kong government subsidize
home ownership? If yes, who should be helped and how to set the eligibility criteria?
If not, why not? Do you agree that the government should introduce a policy of
“Hong Kong land for locals” (港人港地) to give Hong Kongers priority in owning
property? How do you evaluate the document of “How to Tackle Land Shortage?”
worked out by the Task Force on Land Supply? From a utilitarian point of view,
which options covered in the “land supply options” (chapter 5 of the document)
listed by the Task Force are most beneficial to Hong Kong? Provide your analyses
and arguments.

2. What are the philosophical arguments for upholding freedom of expression? Article
27 of the Basic Law of Hong Kong protects freedom of speech and demonstration
while Article 28 protects freedom of the person. In your view, should there be limits
to freedom of expression? If no, explain with concrete examples why it is justified
to regard freedom of expression as the single most important overriding value over
all other values in our society. If yes, explain also with concrete examples how and
based on what principles, should limits be set to ensure that freedom of expression,
public order and the rights and freedom of others be well protected in our society.
Do you support the proposal that the government should exempt parodies (二次創作
) from legal liability when it amends the copyright law in Hong Kong?

3. Should Hong Kong establish a universal retirement protection scheme for every
elderly person? How would you evaluate the universal pension system proposed by
Nelson Chow Wing-sun (a professor of social work and social administration at the
University of Hong Kong) that each elderly resident of Hong Kong should be paid
HK$3,000 a month? Would a liberal view based on Rawlsian egalitarian liberalism
support this plan? If your answer is yes, why? If not, why not? Provide your
philosophical and public policy arguments.

4. What are the philosophical arguments in support of legalizing prostitution or

pornography? In your view, which policy approach should we adopt toward sale of
sex or pornography in our society: prohibition or regulation? What are your

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 arguments? Suggest some concrete measures for policy implementation, and explain
how they would settle some of the controversies in the current debate.

5. From a communitarian point of view, what would be the philosophical arguments

against granting permanent residency rights to foreign domestic workers who have
lived in Hong Kong for seven years? How would you evaluate the communitarian
arguments? In your view, is Section 2 subsection (4) (a) (vi) of the Immigration
Ordinance racist and a violation of justice because it does not treat foreign domestic
helpers as residents in Hong Kong and their period of stay is not counted towards
permanent residence? Why or why not?

6. In your view, are the Confucian political ideals of “He” (Harmony) and “Ren”
(Humaneness) compatible or incompatible with human rights? Should a Confucian
perspective of human rights include the right to say or do immoral things? What are
your arguments? To what extent are the Confucian ideals of “He” and “Ren”
important and applicable to public policy making in Hong Kong and the mainland?
Substantiate your arguments with concrete examples.

OR

7. Explain the significance of Filial Piety as a core virtue in Confucian philosophy. In

your view, does promoting children’s rights and parental rights undermine the virtue
of Filial Piety? Should Hong Kong follow the examples of the mainland and
Singapore and make it a legal requirement for adult children to provide support to
their elderly parents? What are your philosophical arguments? How would you
evaluate the Old Age Allowance Scheme in Hong Kong? If you have a free hand to
re-design the Scheme, what major changes will you make to the Scheme? What are
your justifications?

4) Individual essay:

This is a tutorial essay which should be worked independently on the same topic as your
group presentation. The word length should be 2,000 to 2500 words.

Each individual essay is due by 11pm of December 11 (if Canvas shows a different date,
please ignore it). Late submission will be penalized.

Each essay must be submitted to your tutor via Canvas - “Assignment – Individual Papers to
Mr. Yeung or Ms. Xie.”

All essays should include proper citations and references, including website references. All
identified cases of plagiarism would be referred to the University Disciplinary Committee
for investigation. The Department has zero tolerance for plagiarism.

Useful Links

A. Housing

Task Force on Land Supply: How to Tackle Land Shortage? (April 2018)
https://landforhongkong.hk/file/booklet/Land_Supply_En_Booklet.pdf

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Task Force on Land Supply website:
https://landforhongkong.hk/en/index.php

Hong Kong Housing Authority

http://www.housingauthority.gov.hk

Public Consultation on Subsidising Home Ownership, Transport and Housing Bureau

http://www.thb.gov.hk/tc/policy/housing/policy/consultation/index.htm

B. Elderly Support

Elderly Commission
http://www.elderlycommission.gov.hk/

Old Age Allowance

http://www.swd.gov.hk/en/index/site_pubsvc/page_socsecu/sub_ssallowance/

Maintenance of Parents Act, Singapore

http://goo.gl/9md4u
http://app1.mcys.gov.sg/MCYSNews.aspx?tid=143&title=Maintenance%20Of%20Parents

Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of the Rights and Interests of the
Elderly
http://www.china.org.cn/english/government/207404.htm

C. Hong Kong Human Rights

Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor

http://www.hkhrm.org.hk/

D. Sex Work and Pornography

Zi Teng, Laws Which Regulate Sex Work in Hong Kong,

http://www.ziteng.org.hk/info/info_e.html

Laurie Shrage, "Feminist Perspectives on Sex Markets", The Stanford Encyclopedia of

Philosophy (Fall 2016 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), available at
<https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2016/entries/feminist-sex-markets/>.

Caroline West, "Pornography and Censorship", The Stanford Encyclopedia of

Philosophy (Fall 2013 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), available
at <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/pornography-censorship/>.

E. Universal Pension System

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Research report on "Future Development of Retirement Protection in Hong Kong"
(Executive Summary)
http://www.cpu.gov.hk/doc/en/research_reports/Future_Development_of_Retirement_Prote
ction_in_HK_english_executive_summary.pdf

Universal pension scheme recommended

http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=52888

“Hong Kong Government silent on Universal Pension recommendation”

http://www.thempfblog.com/2014/hong-kong-government-silent-universal-pension-
recommendation/

“Six ways Hong Kong could fund a universal pension scheme”

http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1578006/advocates-universal-pension-offer-
choice-plans

Universal pensions in HK: the case against

http://webb-site.com/articles/upwalker.asp

Jennifer Ngo, "The Government Is Wrong: Universal Pension Scheme Can Work for all in
Hong Kong, say academics", South China Morning Post, 8 November 2015, available at
<https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1876654/universal-pension-
scheme-all-hong-kong-can-work-insist>

Riley Chan, " Universal pension is not the answer, says Law", The Standard, available at
<http://www.thestandard.com.hk/section-news.php?id=186745&sid=4>

F. Copyright Law

http://www.ipd.gov.hk/eng/intellectual_property/copyright/copyright_2011_bill.htm
《2011 年版權(修訂) 條例草案》立法會參考資料摘要
http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr10-11/chinese/bills/brief/b35_brf.pdf (Chinese Version)

Copyright (Amendment) Bill 2011 Legislative Council Brief

http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr10-11/english/bills/brief/b35_brf.pdf (English Version)

Public Response to proposed bill:

http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr10-11/english/bc/bc10/papers/bc10_d.htm

二次創作權關注組對《2011 年版權(修訂) 條例草案》的發言稿

Statement by Concern Group of Rights of Derivative Works
http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr10-11/chinese/bc/bc10/papers/bc100723cb1-2780-4-c.pdf

G. HK Immigration

Immigration Department, <Who can enjoy the Right of Abode in the HKSAR?>
http://www.gov.hk/en/residents/immigration/idcard/roa/faqroa.htm#/q1

Kieran Oberman, "Immigration as a Human Right", in Migration in Political Theory: The

Ethics of Movement and Membership, eds. Sarah Fine and Lea Ypi, (Oxford: Oxford

12
University Press, 2016), available at
<http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199676606.001.0001/ac
prof-9780199676606-chapter-3>

Mark O'Neill. "1.5 million mainland migrants change Hong Kong", EJ Insight, 19 June
2017, available at <http://www.ejinsight.com/20170619-1-5-million-mainland-migrants-
change-hong-kong/>.

Alex Lo, "Time to renegotiate policy that allows 150 mainland Chinese to settle in Hong
Kong every day", South China Morning Post, 04 December 2017, available at
<https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2122704/time-renegotiate-policy-
allows-150-mainland-chinese-settle>.

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