Government of Nepal

National Reconstruction Authority

Central Level Project Implementation unit (Building)

Babarmahal, kathmandu

STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

OF
TYPE-4 HEALTH POST
(RCC)

December 2018
Contents
1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Description of the Structure ................................................................................................................. 1
3. Loads Adopted ...................................................................................................................................... 3
4. Seismic Design Parameters ................................................................................................................... 4
5. Material Strengths ................................................................................................................................ 5
6. Structural Details................................................................................................................................... 6
7. Structural Analysis and modeling Procedures ...................................................................................... 6
7.1. Numerical Modeling...................................................................................................................... 6
7.2. The Computational Tool: ETABS 2016 .......................................................................................... 8
7.3. Seismic Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 9
7.4. Modal Result ............................................................................................................................... 10
7.5. Drift of the Building.................................................................................................................... 11
8. Structural Design ................................................................................................................................. 11
8.1. Partial safety factors for materials.............................................................................................. 11
8.2. Partial Safety factors for loads .................................................................................................... 11
8.3. Design of Columns ..................................................................................................................... 12
8.4. Design of Beams ......................................................................................................................... 12
8.5. Design of Footing ....................................................................................................................... 12
9. Detailing.............................................................................................................................................. 12
9.1. Avoidance of Shear Failure ......................................................................................................... 12
9.2. Strong Column-Weak Beam Philosophy ..................................................................................... 12
9.3. Practical limits on percentage of longitudinal reinforcement .................................................... 13
9.4. Confinement of Beam-Column Joint Core .................................................................................. 13
9.5. Provisions of Lap Splices ............................................................................................................. 14
9.6. Anchorage of Beam Bars in External Beam-Column Joint .......................................................... 14
9.7. Design of Beam-Column Joint ..................................................................................................... 14
10. List of Building Codes used ............................................................................................................. 15
11. Bibliography .................................................................................................................................... 15
ANNEX 1: Outputs form ETABS .............................................................................................................. 17
ANNEX 2: Sample Calculations................................................................................................................. 22

ii
1. Introduction
This report is related with the structural analysis, design and detailing of Heath Post Building to be
constructed in different earthquake affected district. The building consists of two-story with total floor
area 220.66 sq.m. The ground floor is used for Health facilities and first floors are used for the staff
residence.

2. Description of the Structure

The structure is a two-story ductile moment resisting frame of Reinforced concrete. The building consists
of rectangular columns and beams. Both the gravity and the lateral load is resisted by the frame structure.

The height of each floors is 3.0m so that the total height of the structure is 6.0m. The building is laid out
on a rectangular grid pattern with a maximum span of 3.6 m c/c in X-direction and 4.4 m c/c in Y-
direction. The foundation consists of reinforced concrete Spread foundation.

Figure 1 shows the structural plan and Figure 2 shows the structural sections through the building.

1
Figure 1: Structural plan of the Building

2
 Figure 2: Structural section through the Building

3. Loads Adopted
The dead load and live load of the building are tabulated below and are calculated as per the IS 875: 1897
(part I) and (IS 875:1897) part II respectively.

Live Load

Store 5 KN/m2

Bath/toilet 2 KN/m2

Rooms 3 KN/m2

Stairs, Balcony 4 KN/m2

3
Dead Loads

Floor Finish

Material Thickness Density W

mm KN/m3 KN/m2

Marble+ Screeding 38 25 0.95

Ceiling Plaster 12.5 20 0.25

Total 1.2

Floor finish load of 1.2 KN/m2 is adopted.

Wall Loads

The walls are made by the burnt clay brick masonry walls.

Fl. Beam
Type of Wall Thickness Density Solid Height Depth Height W

m KN/m3 % m m m KN/m

Full Brick Wall 0.263 19.0 100% 3.0 0.4 2.6 12.99

Full Brick Wall with

Opening 0.263 19.0 75% 3.0 0.4 2.6 9.74

Half Brick Wall 0.15 19.0 100% 3.0 0.4 2.6 7.41

Parapet Wall 0.15 19.0 1 1 2.85

4. Seismic Design Parameters

The seismic design parameters have been considered in reference with IS1893:2002 and are presented as
follows:

Seismic Zone Factor

Seismic Zone Z
V 0.36

4
Importance Factor

Building Occupancy Type I

Hospital 1.5

Response Reduction Factor

Structural Type R
Special Reinforced Moment 5.0
Resisting Frame

Site Soil Category

Soil Type Soft Soil (Type III)

The IS Response Spectrum is presented below:

Figure 3: Response Spectrum Curve as per IS 1893:2002.

5. Material Strengths
The material property used for the analysis and design of the structure are tabulated below.

Concrete

5
Member Concrete Grade
Columns M20
Main Beams M20
Secondary Beams M20
Slabs M20
Foundation M20

Steel

Steel Type Grade

Thermo mechanically Treated
Fe 500
Bar

6. Structural Details
The size of the structural elements used for the analysis and design of the structure are given below.

Column Size: 350 mm X 350 mm

Beams

Size: 230mm X 400mm

Slab

Thickness: 125 mm thick

7. Structural Analysis and modeling Procedures

7.1. Numerical Modeling

Full three dimensional finite element methods have been employed. A state of art software ETABS 2015
based on finite element technology has been used as the computational tool. Beam and column members
have been modeled using beam elements. Slabs and walls have been modeled using four- node shell
elements. Infill walls have not been modeled however, their loads are considered for the analysis and
design.

Dead loads are automatically accounted for by the software. Imposed loads have been modeled as
uniform distributed loads. Similarly, wall loads are modeled as uniformly distributed line loads. The
columns and walls were “fixed” at their base. The beam-column joints were modeled as 50 % rigid.
Stiffness reduction for structural members have applied so that the stiffness for columns are
reduced to 70%, beams are reduced to 50%.

6
The basic steps employed in the Finite Element (FE) analysis are as follows:

EVALUATION OF REAL STRUCTURE

CREATION OF STRUCTURAL MODEL

DISCRETIZATION OF MODEL INTO

FINITE ELEMENTS

SOLVE THE FE MODEL

INTERPRET AND PHYSICAL

VERIFICATION OF FE ANALYSIS
RESULTS

Figure 4: Basic Steps in FE Analysis

7
The 3D models is shown in figures 5.

Figure 5: 3d model of the Building

7.2. The Computational Tool: ETABS 2016

The structural models and analysis results created by using ETABS 2016 are shown in figures 6 below:

8
 Figure 6: ETABS 2015 Model and Analysis result of Building

7.3. Seismic Analysis

The Seismic Coefficient Method has been employed for the analysis of the structure in reference with IS
1893:2002.

The total Seismic weight and base shear of the building is given in the following table.

Seismic
Cl 6.4.2, Table Intensity=Very
Seismic Zone
2 severe
Zone V
Cl 6.4.2, Table
Seismic Zone factor Z 2 0.36
Cl 6.4.2,
Structure Type Table6 All other building
Cl 6.4.2,
Importance factor I Table6 1.5
Draft code
SMRF Reinforced
Lateral load resisting system Cl 6.4.2,
Concrete Building
Table7
Draft code
Response reduction factor R Cl 6.4.2, 5.0
Table7
Height of the building h 6.3 m
0.75
Time Period for bare frame T T = 0.075 H 0.288 Sec
Soil type Type III (Soft soil)

9
Average Response acceleration coefficients (Sa/g) Cl 6.4.5, fig. 2 2.5
Cl 6.4.2
Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient Ah 0.135
ZISa/(2Rg)
Seismic Wt of the Building W 2814.65 KN
Cl 7.5.3 379.97
Base Shear VB KN
Ah W

7.4. Modal Result

Free vibration analysis was performed to determine the natural periods and mode shapes of the buildings.
Some modes, corresponding natural periods and mass participation ration of the building is tabulated as
follows.

Period
Case Mode UX UY SUM UX SUM UY
sec
Modal 1 0.463 0.0207 0.7877 0.0207 0.7877

Modal 2 0.432 0.5615 0.0742 0.5822 0.8619

Modal 3 0.394 0.3159 0.0181 0.8981 0.88

Modal 4 0.176 0.01 0.1012 0.9081 0.9812

Modal 5 0.171 0.0712 0.0177 0.9793 0.9989

Modal 6 0.153 0.0207 0.0011 1 1

Modal 7 0.039 0 0 1 1

Modal 8 0.024 0 1.548E-06 1 1

Modal 9 0.021 0 0 1 1

Modal 10 0.02 0 0 1 1

Modal 11 0.019 5.469E-07 0 1 1

Modal 12 0.018 0 0 1 1

10
 7.5. Drift of the Building

The deformation of the buildings is also determined and found that the drift limit is compliance with the
provision of IS 1893:2002. The story drift of the building along x and y-direction is tabulated below.

Load
Story Direction Drift Load Case Direction Drift
Case
Story2 Ex 1 X 0.001797 Ey 1 Y 0.002215

Story2 Ex 2 X 0.001797 Ey 2 Y 0.002215

Story2 Ex 3 X 0.001797 Ey 3 Y 0.002215

Story1 Ex 1 X 0.001712 Ey 1 Y 0.001952

Story1 Ex 2 X 0.001712 Ey 2 Y 0.001952

Story1 Ex 3 X 0.001712 Ey 3 Y 0.001952

8. Structural Design
Structural design of the reinforced concrete special moment resisting frame has been done by the limit
states method as required by IS 456:2000. The limit state method uses multiple safety formats so as to
provide adequate safety at ultimate loads as well as adequate serviceability at service loads, by
considering all possible „limit states‟.

8.1. Partial safety factors for materials

The design strength (factored strength) of concrete or reinforcing steel is obtained by dividing the
characteristic strength by the appropriate partial safety factor. For the ultimate states, the code specified
partial safety factors are 1.5 and 1.15 for concrete and steel respectively.

8.2. Partial Safety factors for loads

The IS 456:2000 recommends following weighted combinations for estimating the ultimate load effect
and serviceability load effect:

Ultimate Limit States

 1.5 Dead Load + 1.5 Live Load

 1.2 (Dead Load + Live Load ± Earthquake Load ± 0.3 Earthquake Load orthogonal direction)
 1.5 (Dead Load ± Earthquake Load ± 0.3 Earthquake Load orthogonal direction)
 0.9 Dead Load ± 1.5 Earthquake Load ± 0.3 Earthquake Load orthogonal direction)

Serviceability Limit States

 Dead Load + Live Load

 Dead Load + Live Load ±Earthquake Load

11
 8.3. Design of Columns

Longitudinal reinforcement in columns has been calculated based on critical load combination among the
nine load combinations. A symmetric arrangement of the reinforcement has been adopted from seismic
point of view that reversal stress may occur.

8.4. Design of Beams

Longitudinal reinforcement in beams is also based on critical load combination. It is calculated from the
envelope of bending moment diagram. Lap splices are provided at locations where flexural yielding due
to earthquake forces does not occur.

8.5. Design of Footing

A Spread foundation has been adopted for this building. The size of footing has been calculated for
bearing capacity assumed 100 KN/m2 recommended soil test for economy. The grade of concrete used
for spread foundation is M20. Foundation of varying thickness as per calculation have been adopted.

9. Detailing
The detailing of the structural elements has been done according to IS 13920: 1993 to make the design
frame with adequate ductility.

9.1. Avoidance of Shear Failure

Shear Failure is a brittle kind of failure. For the structure to be ductile the members should yield in flexure
and the shear failure should be avoided. Shear failure is avoided in the frames using the capacity design
approach. This design approach ensures that the brittle elements remain elastic at all loads prior to the
failure of the structure. IS 13920:1993 has got provisions for the capacity design of the reinforced
concrete moment resisting frames. The procedure outlined in clauses 6.3.3 and 7.3.4 of IS 13920:1993 has
been followed.

9.2. Strong Column-Weak Beam Philosophy

When a moment resisting frame is subjected to the earthquake forces, the frame deforms in lateral
direction. Two possible types of collapse mechanism may develop. The first kind of mechanism is the
Column side sway mechanism (figure 8 (a)). The second possible kind of mechanism is the Beam side
sway mechanism (figure 8 (b)). The column side sway mechanism develops when the frame has column
members weaker than the beam members. In this case plastic hinges are formed in columns. The drift
tends to concentrate in one or few stories. The beam side sway mechanism develops when the frame has
beam members weaker than the column members. In this case plastic hinges are developed in beams. The
seismic design of the moment resisting frame is based on the Beam side sway mechanism. This is the
Strong Column- Weak Beam Philosophy. The column side sway mechanism is not desirable because the
column members in a given storey support the weight of the building above it. The failure of these

12
columns leads to the collapse of the entire building above it, which is catastrophic. On the other hand,
failure of beams of a floor does not lead to collapse of the entire building above that floor. The beam
support the weight of the floor of which they form a part only. Therefore, the columns should be stronger
than beams meeting at a joint.

(a) Column Side sway Mechanism

(b) Beam Side sway Mechanism

Figure 8: Possible Frame Collapse Mechanism (Source: NIST GCR 8-917-1)

9.3. Practical limits on percentage of longitudinal reinforcement

IS 13920:1993, clause 6.2.2 allows to place a maximum of 0.025 steel ratios on any face at any section of
the beam members. However from the constructability point of view steel ratio around 0.01 is practically
suitable. This has direct implication on the reduction of congestion in the beam-column joint. This is also
required for keeping the joint shear forces within the reasonable limits.

IS 456:2000 recommends to place up to 4% of longitudinal steel area in columns in normal circumstances

although the maximum allowed limit is 6%. However from the practical consideration of difficulty in
placing and compaction of concrete, the area of the longitudinal reinforcement less than 3.0% has been
taken as the appropriate limit in this building.

9.4. Confinement of Beam-Column Joint Core

Confinement of core concrete is an effective method of providing the ductility in reinforced concrete
members. Confinement in the beam-column joint core is generally achieved by providing the closely
spaced transverse reinforcement in the form of circular spirals or rectangular hoops. Apart from the
concrete confinement the transverse reinforcement is also needed to act as shear reinforcement and to
prevent premature buckling of the longitudinal bars.

13
IS 13920:1993 have got provisions regarding the calculation of the confining reinforcement of the joint
core. Clause 7.4 .1 of IS 13920:1993 requires to provide the confining reinforcement within the joint as
well as over a length lo from the each joint face. The length lo shall not be less than (a) larger lateral
dimension of the member at the section where yielding occurs, (b) 1/6 of the clear span of the member
and (c) 450 mm.

9.5. Provisions of Lap Splices

Lap splices for longitudinal reinforcement should be located in the regions where the yielding the steel
reinforcing bars is unlikely. In columns, the portions near the joint are the possible regions of yielding.
Thus lap splicing is not permitted in these regions. Thus IS 13920: 1993 allows lap splice to be located
only in the central half of the columns. Further, only 50 % of the bars are allowed to be spliced at a
section. The restriction in position and percentage of the lapping bars at one location implies that in
buildings with normal proportions of height, only half of the column steel bars can be spliced in one
storey and the remaining half in the next storey. Similarly, in beam members IS 13920:1993 do not permit
lap splices (a) within the joint, (b) within a distance of twice the effective beam depth from the joint face,
and (c) within a quarter length of the member where flexural yielding may generally occur under the
effect of the earthquake forces. Further, lap splice for bottom beam bars are not permitted at the mid span
of the member. As in columns only 50 % of the beam bars are allowed to be spliced at a section.

When more than one lap splice is to be provided in a member, the splicing shall be staggered with a
minimum centre to centre separation of 1.3 times the lap length. When lapping the bars it is desirable to
bend the bars slightly near the splice location so that the transfer of the force from one bar to another is
collinear. At splice locations, IS 13920:1993 restricts to place the hoop spacing more than 150 mm centre
to centre.

9.6. Anchorage of Beam Bars in External Beam-Column Joint

As per IS 13920: 1993 column width can be as small as 200 mm. When the column width is small, the
anchorage length of the top bars of the beam may extend below the soffit of the beam. The beam bars do
not get enough anchorage in the column. Also the moment capacity of the column section will be very
low because the lever arm between the compression steel and the tension steel is very small. As the joint
is generally heavily reinforced, honey combing may also arise at those locations. Hence it is
recommended to make the column dimension larger so that the beam anchorage requirement is satisfied
within the beam-column joint. This fact has been taken into account while proportioning the exterior
columns.

9.7. Design of Beam-Column Joint

Beam column joints are the crucial zones for the transfer of loads between the beams and columns. For
gravity loads the stresses in joints is not critical and hence the design is not warranted. But when the joint

14
is subjected to earthquake forces, it has to carry high shear stresses. Therefore, the joint has to be well
designed to resist the earthquake forces. The basic requirement of the joint design is that it should be
stronger than the adjacent members which meet at the joint. Therefore, it should be ensured at the early
design stage that the dimension of the joint is adequate to resist the forces imposed on it.

10. List of Building Codes used

1. IS 456: 2000 Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete
2. IS 800 Code of Practice for use of Structural Steel in General Building Construction
3. IS 875: 1987 (Part I to V) Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) for
Buildings and Structures
Part I: Dead Loads
Part II: Imposed Loads
Part III: Wind Loads
Part IV: Snow Loads
Part V: Special Loads and Load Combinations
4. IS 1893(Part I) : 2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
Part I: General Provisions and Buildings
5. IS 13920: 1993 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures subjected to Seismic
Forces – Code of Practice
6. IS 4326: 1993 Code of Practice for Earthquake Resistant Design and Construction of
Buildings

11. Bibliography

Rosenblueth, E. ed. (1980). Design of Earthquake Resistant Structures, Pentech Press, London.

Stratta, J.L.(1987). Manual of Seismic Design, Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd.

Jain, S. K., Murthy, C. V. R. (December 1997). A Short Course on Seismic Design of Reinforced
Concrete Buildings, Lecture Notes, Kathmandu.

Agarwal and Shrikhande (2006). Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Prentice-Hall of India
Private limited, New Delhi.

Pillai and Menon (2009). Reinforced Concrete Design, Third Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Education
Private Limited, New Delhi.

Varghese, P. C. (1999). Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete, Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd,
New Delhi.

FEMA 454 (December 2006). Designing for Earthquakes: A manual for Architects.

15
FEMA 451 (August 2006). NEHRP Recommended Provisions: Design Examples.

Murty, C.V.R (March 2005). IITK-BMTPC Earthquake Tips.

Mehta, P. K. & Monteiro, Paulo J.M. (1997). Concrete: Microstructure, Properties and Materials, Indian
Edition, Indian Concrete Institute.

Neville, A.M. (1995). Properties of Concrete, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd.

Bowles, J. F. (1997). Foundation Analysis and Design, Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill Book Co, Singapore.

Moehle J.P, et.al. (August 2008). Seismic Design of reinforced Concrete Special moment Frames: A
Guide for Practicing Engineers, National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of
Commerce

16
ANNEX 1: Outputs form ETABS

17
18
19
20
21
 ANNEX 2: Sample Calculations
a. Foundation Design
Isolated Footing Design: always design for DL+LL combo
Column Size fy= 500 MPa H (m) 1.50
lx ly fck= 20 MPa h1 (m) 1.43
350 350 Bearing Capacity of Soil= 100 KN/m2
Size of Depth
Dimension of Footing
Column According assume
Net Two Overal reqd
Footi Size Adopt Ø
Adpt
Adpt soil Way l Eff. End Adpt
Fdn. ng Axial Load of Adpt Bread Mux Muy Overall of Asty Svy
Area Brea Lengt press. Shea Depth Depth depth Svy
Type Positi (P) KN Footin Lengt th KNm/m KNm/m Depth bar mm2 mm
(A) dth h (l p) Pu r (D) (d1 ) (de) mm
on g h (L) (bp) depth depth mm (D) mm
m2 (B) m KN/m 2
mm mm
L,B m m (d) (d) mm
m
m m m

F1 531.73 4.25 2.06 2.40 2.40 0.35 0.35 92.31 48.49 48.49 0.20 0.20 268 212 450 200 12 416.54 272 150

F2 452.46 3.62 1.90 2.20 2.20 0.35 0.35 93.48 39.99 39.99 0.17 0.20 244 188 400 200 12 366.82 300 150

F3 381.23 3.05 1.75 2.00 2.00 0.35 0.35 95.31 32.43 32.43 0.14 0.20 221 165 400 200 12 363.11 300 150
F4 339.87 2.72 1.65 1.80 1.80 0.35 0.35 104.90 27.57 27.57 0.10 0.30 209 153 400 200 12 358.40 300 150
F5 223.02 1.78 1.34 1.50 1.50 0.35 0.35 99.12 16.39 16.39 0.05 0.40 159 103 350 200 12 307.10 300 150

22
b. Slab Design

Project Type-04 Health

Floor Slab
:- Post
Slab :- S1

Fck, N/mm2 DL of the

M 20
Lx, m = 3.60 3.81 = slab = 3.13 Deflection check
Fy, N/mm2 fs,
Fe 500
Ly, m = 4.40 4.34 = LL = 4.00 N/mm2 121
Slab Th., D
Ly/Lx = 1.22 = 125 FF = 1.20 M.F. 3.17
TWO WAY SLAB Filling = 0.0 Span/deff 26
d eff.
Plaster 0.0 reqd 44
Total Dreqd,
Load, W 8.33 kN/m2 mm 68
Two way Slab Design
2.83
Edge
Condition

Moment, deff, Required

Coeff. kN.m mm Mu/bd2 Reinforcement Provided Reinforcement
Ast, Ast,

TWO-WAY SLAB
mm2  Spacing  Spacing mm2
Short Bar at
8 8 150
0.049 5.25 101 0.772 189 266 336 Support
Short Bar at
8 8 150
0.037 3.96 101 0.582 140 359 336 Bottom
Long Bar at
8 8 150
0.037 3.99 93 0.692 155 324 336 Support
Long Bar at
8 150
0.028 3.02 93 0.524 116 433 8 336 Bottom

23
c. Column Design

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Column Section Design (Envelope)

Column Element Details

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Length (mm) LLRF
Story1 C13 28 C 350*350 3000 1

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
350 350 58 30

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Longitudinal Reinforcement Design for Pu - Mu2 - Mu3 Interaction

Rebar Area Rebar
Column End
mm² %
Top 995 0.81
Bottom 1946 1.59

Design Axial Force & Biaxial Moment for Pu - Mu2 - Mu3 Interaction
Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Station Loc
Column End Controlling Combo
kN kN-m kN-m mm
kN kN-m kN-m mm
Top 40.6581 28.2845 -38.7257 2600 DCon17
Bottom 52.5983 -52.2164 66.1897 0 DCon17

Shear Reinforcement for Major Shear, Vu2

Rebar Asv /s Design Vu2 Station Loc
Column End Controlling Combo
mm²/m kN mm
Top 387.95 12.5837 2600 DCon20
Bottom 387.95 12.5837 0 DCon20

Shear Reinforcement for Minor Shear, Vu3

Rebar Asv /s Design Vu3 Station Loc
Column End Controlling Combo
mm²/m kN mm
Top 387.95 36.1349 2600 DCon20
Bottom 387.95 36.1349 0 DCon20

24
d. Beam design

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design (Envelope)

Beam Element Details

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Length (mm) LLRF
Story1 B11 41 B 230*400 4400 1

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
230 400 230 0 60 60

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Flexural Reinforcement for Major Axis Moment, Mu3

End-I End-I Middle Middle End-J End-J
Rebar Area Rebar Rebar Area Rebar Rebar Area Rebar
mm² % mm² % mm² %
Top (+2 Axis) 572 0.62 197 0.21 520 0.57
Bot (-2 Axis) 286 0.31 216 0.23 260 0.28

Flexural Design Moment, Mu3

End-I End-I Middle Middle End-J End-J
Design Mu Station Loc Design Mu Station Loc Design Mu Station Loc
kN-m mm kN-m mm kN-m mm
Top (+2 Axis) -73.937 175 0 2925 -67.7911 4225
Combo DCon10 DCon20 DCon9
Bot (-2 Axis) 0 175 30.1465 2200 0 4225
Combo DCon10 DCon2 DCon9

Shear Reinforcement for Major Shear, Vu2

End-I Middle End-J
Rebar Asv /s Rebar Asv /s Rebar Asv /s
mm²/m mm²/m mm²/m
596.36 304.96 553.84

Design Shear Force for Major Shear, Vu2

End-I End-I Middle Middle End-J End-J
Design Vu Station Loc Design Vu Station Loc Design Vu Station Loc
kN mm kN mm kN mm
87.224 175 0.0528 2925 81.2622 4225

25
 End-I End-I Middle Middle End-J End-J
Design Vu Station Loc Design Vu Station Loc Design Vu Station Loc
kN mm kN mm kN mm
DCon8 DCon17 DCon7

Torsion Reinforcement
Shear
Rebar Asvt /s
mm²/m
489.65

Design Torsion Force

Design Tu Station Loc Design Tu Station Loc
kN-m mm kN-m mm
4.0998 175 4.2077 975
DCon17 DCon8

26
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