PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF THYSELF
PHILOSOPHERS AIMS OF EDUCATION
1.) Socrates - According to
Socrates-“Education means
bringing out of the idea of
universal validity which is
latent in the mind of every
man”. According to Knowels
(1995), education is the
development of all those
capabilities in which the
individual which is enable
him to control his
environment and fulfillment
his possibilities.
2.) Aristotle - According to Socrates and
Plato, 'the aim of education
is to attain knowledge'. To
them the attainment of
knowledge was necessary
both for the interest of the
individual and the society,
hence it was virtue by itself.
3.) Rene Descartes - In Cartesian conception, the
aim or goal of education is
to acquire the knowledge of
BELIEF
- According to Socrates,
philosophy should produce
useful outcomes for the
benefit of society as a whole.
He made an effort to develop
an ethical framework devoid
of theological ideology and
based on human reason.
Socrates argued that the
pursuit of happiness was the
driving force behind human
decision-making.
- Temperance, justice,
fortitude, courage, liberality,
majesty, and magnanimity are
among Aristotle's qualities.
Some philosophers could
simply substitute a phrase
they find more particular, like
fairness, for one they find
overly broad, like justice.
- Descartes's metaphysics is
rationalist, based on the
postulation of innate ideas of
MAIN PHILOSOPHY
- A moral philosopher,
Socrates. He had no interest
in science or arithmetic, just
in the condition of his own
and other people's souls.
The philosophy of Socrates
looks at how we ought to
live. This prompted him to
have conversations on
numerous qualities, like
prudence, justice, bravery,
piety, and so forth.
- In his metaphysics, he claims
that there must be a
separate and unchanging
being that is the source of
all other beings. In his
ethics, he holds that it is
only by becoming excellent
that one could achieve
Eudaimonia, a sort of
happiness or blessedness
that constitutes the best
kind of human life.
- René Descartes is most
commonly known for his
philosophical statement, “I
 that which is certain,
universally true and free
from every form of doubt.
That is, in Descartes'
conception, education
involves certainty,
universally valid truth and
indomitability.
4.) Plato - According to Plato,
education should be for
both the benefit of the
individual and the security
of the nation. The benefit of
the individual and society as
a whole is the purpose of
education, according to
Plato. "Nothing must be
permitted in education
which does not conduce to
the cultivation of virtue," is
his guiding concept.
5.) St. Augustnie - The ultimate purpose of
education, then, is turning
toward God, and Augustine
thought the way to God was
to look into oneself. It is
here one finds an essential
distinction Augustine makes
between knowing about
something (cogitare), and
understanding (scire).
mind, matter, and God, but his
physics and physiology, based
on sensory experience, are
mechanistic and empiricist.
- Plato argued that a person's
actual self is the reason or
intellect that makes up their
soul and is distinct from their
body. For his side, Aristotle
argued that the human person
is a combination of body and
soul and that the soul and
body cannot be split apart.
- Augustine struggled to
reconcile his beliefs about free
will and his belief that humans
are morally responsible for
their actions, with his belief
that one's life is predestined
and his belief in original sin
(which seems to make human
moral behavior nearly
impossible).
think, therefore I am”
(originally in French, but
best known by its Latin
translation: "Cogito, ergo
sum”).
- In metaphysics Plato
envisioned a systematic,
rational treatment of the
forms and their
interrelations, starting with
the most fundamental
among them (the Good, or
the One); in ethics and
moral psychology he
developed the view that the
good life requires not just a
certain kind of knowledge
(as Socrates had suggested)
- In his struggle against evil,
Augustine believed in a
hierarchy of being in which
God was the Supreme Being
on whom all other beings,
that is, all other links in the
great chain of being, were
totally dependent. All beings
were good because they
tended back toward their
creator who had made them
from nothing.