COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING ROORKEE, ROORKEE

QUESTION BANK: CHEMISTRY (BSAT 101)

B Tech First Year Second Semester
Session 2019 – 2020

PERIODIC PROPERTIES
1. What is ionization potential? How screening effect affects the ionization
energy.
2. Explain why - (i) ionization energy of Be is higher than B?
(ii) ionization energy of N is higher than O?
3. How do the atomic radii of elements vary as we move (i) along a period (ii)
down a group and why?
4. What do you mean by ionic radius? Explain why the size of cation is
smaller than a neutral atom?
5. (i) Discuss the factor which affect the electron affinity.
(ii) “Elements Be, Mg, N, and P have almost zero value of electron affinity”-
give reason.
6. (i) Briefly discuss various factors which influence the electronegativity of
an atom.
(ii) Explain the electronegativity in groups and periods.
(iii) Why is fluorine so electronegative?
7. How the effective nuclear charge and number of proton is related? Give the
periodic trend of effective nuclear charge.
8. Calculate effective nuclear charge (Zeff) at the periphery of
(a) N atom (Z = 7) (b) Cr atom (Z = 24)
9. (i) Explain the existence of variable oxidation states in the first transition
series and name the element exhibiting highest oxidation state in this
series.
(ii) Discuss electronic configuration and oxidation state of chromium.
Which of the oxidation state is most stable and why?

HYDROGEN BONDING
10. What is hydrogen bonding? Discuss its importance in organic chemistry.
11. (i) Explain why- there is difference in boiling point of alkane, ether
and alcohol?
(ii) Explain why- n-propyl alcohol has higher boiling point than
n-propylamine?
(iii) Why ethanol is more viscous than glycerol?
 PHASE EQUILIBRIUM

12. Draw and label the phase diagram of (i) water system (ii)
sulphur system.
13. Discuss the following terms in respect of phase rule-
(i) phase, (ii) component, (iii) degree of freedom, (iv) triple point, (v)
eutectic point.
14. What is significance of different triple points existing in sulphur
system? Find the degree of freedom in each case.
15. Distinguish between (i) eutectic point and eutectic mixture (ii)
triple point and eutectic point.
16. In the phase diagram for water system explain the following:
(i) Invariant system, (ii) univariant system (iii) bivariant system
17. Find the number of components
CaCO3(s) ↔ CaO(s) + CO2 (g)
(ii) Find the number of phases and components:
Fe(s) + H2O(g) ↔ FeO(s) + H2(g)
(iii) Is it possible to convert solid ice into water vapor?

WATER ANALYSIS
18. What are the advantages of zeolite process over lime-soda process.
19. Write reactions involved in lime-soda process for softening of water.
Calculate the amount of lime (95% pure) and soda (98% pure) required for
treatment of 50000 liter of water whose analysis is as follows: Ca(HCO 3)2
=45.5ppm; Mg(HCO3)2 =38ppm, CaSO4=32 ppm, MgSO 4=25ppm,
CaCl2=28ppm, MgCl2=95ppm, NaCl=10ppm.
20. Discuss ion exchange process, its merits and demerits.
21. Explain determination of hardness by complexometric titration. If 50ml of a
sample of hard water consumed 15ml of 0.01ml EDTA solution, calculate
the hardness of water.
22. Describe two methods for internal treatment of boilers to prevent scale
formation.
23. Discuss caustic embrittlement and its methods of prevention.
24. How alkalinity in water does is determined? 50 ml of a sample of water
required 5 ml of N/50 H2SO4 using methyl orange as indicator but did not
give any coloration with phenolphthalein. What type of alkalinity is
present? Determine total alkalinity present in water in terms of ppm.
25. Explain why - hot lime soda process is superior to cold process?
 POLYMER
26. Describe the method of preparation, properties and application of phenol
formaldehyde resins. Explain the reaction pathway of novolac synthesis.
27. Give difference between (i) addition and condensation polymerization, (ii)
thermoset and thermoplastic polymer, (iii) raw rubber and vulcanized
rubber.
28. Explain the process of vulcanization of rubber. Give preparation and uses
of SBR and polyurethane.
29. What are biodegradable polymers? How degradation of Biodegradable
polymer does take place? Give examples of two natural and two synthetic
biodegradable polymers.
30. Write the reactions involved in synthesis and applications of following
polymers - (i) Nylon66, (ii) PET, (iii) PTFE, and (iv) Nylon-6
31. Why does material behave differently at nanoscale level? What is
difference between bottom-up and top-down approach of synthesis of nano
particle.
32. Explain mechanism of electrochemical polymerization of polypyrrole?
Discuss important applications of conducting polymers.

CORROSION
33. Explain electrochemical theory of corrosion. How do corrosion proceeds
through hydrogen evolution and oxygen absorption type mechanism?
34. Explain (i) impressed current cathodic protection and (ii) sacrificial anodic
protection method for prevention of corrosion.
35. Explain why-
(i) iron corrodes faster than aluminum, even though iron is placed
below aluminum in galvanic series?
(ii) If a drop of electrolyte is placed on an iron surface, rusting occurs in
the central region.
36. How corroding environment does affect the process of corrosion?

LUBRICANTS
37. What is lubricant? How does a lubricant reduce friction? Discuss various
functions of lubricant.
38. Point out essential conditions in which solid lubricants are used. How does
graphite and molybdenum sulphide function as lubricant?
39. Define greases and its properties as lubricant. Give three examples of
greases, working temperature range and behavior towards water.
40. Give major characteristics of mineral oil as liquid lubricant.
41. Give a brief account of thin film lubrication. Write the properties of
lubricant to undergo thin layer lubrication.
42. Discuss extreme pressure lubrication and additives to improve the
lubricant properties.
43. Describe method of (a) flash and fire point, (b) cloud and pour point
determination and their significance.
44. Write a short note on (a) viscosity and viscosity index, (b) mixed aniline
point, (c) saponification number.
45. Discuss significance of oxidation stability, oiliness and pour point in the
selection of liquid lubricant for practical purposes.
46. How does saponification number determined in laboratory? Also describe
the reaction, formula used, and importance of saponification number.

SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATION

47. What are possible electronic transitions when radiation is absorbed by a
molecule in UV region? Discuss applications of UV spectroscopy.
48. Define the following terms: (i) chromophore, (ii) auxochrome (iii)
bathochromic shift, (iv) hypsochromic shift.
49. How will you differentiate between butane, 2-butene and 1,3-butadiene by
using UV spectroscopy.
50. Write the principle of NMR spectroscopy. Explain the number of signals,
splitting of signals and peak area in ethanol.
51. Write short notes on: (a)Shielding and Deshielding of protons (b) chemical
shift.
52. Predict the structural formula for the compounds with the following
molecular showing only 1H-NMR signal each: (a) C8H18 ( b) C6H4N2O4
53. How many NMR signal do you expect from each of the following
compounds?
(a) CH3CH2OH (b) CH3OCH3 (c) CH3COCH3 (d) CH3CH2COOH
54. How ethanol and diethyl ether will be distinguished with the help of 1H NMR
spectroscopy. Give the splitting pattern as well.
55. What is chemical shift? Calculate the number of NMR signal in CH 2Cl-CHCl2
and ethyl benzene.
56. (i) CO gives absorption band at 2170 cm-1, calculate the force constant of
molecule. (ii) Calculate the vibrational degree of freedom in following
molecules (a) CO2 (b) C2H2 (c) C6H6 (d) CH4.
57. What is Raman effect? Discuss stokes and anti-stokes lines with diagram
in Raman Spectra.
58. “IR spectra is often characterized as molecular finger-prints”. Comment on
it. Write applications of IR spectroscopy.